Battery charging method and device, battery management system and battery

Abstract

The present application discloses a battery charging method and device, a battery management system, and a battery. The charging method includes n-stage charge and discharge cycles, where n is an integer ≥ 3. During the charge and discharge cycle process of each stage within the n-1th stage, the charge cutoff current of the battery when it is in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the corresponding stage is reduced in sequence. During the charge and discharge cycle process of the nth stage, the nth charge cutoff current of the battery in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the nth stage is adjusted to a first current, wherein the first current is not less than the first charge cutoff current of the battery in the first stage. In this way, the battery life and cycle life can be extended.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery charging method and device, a battery management system, and a battery. Background Art

[0002] Battery life and service life are core to the mobile phone user experience. Therefore, improving battery cycle life is crucial to enhancing the user experience. Furthermore, since the battery charging solution significantly impacts both battery life and cycle life, choosing the right charging solution can effectively improve both. Summary of the Invention

[0003] During the process of implementing this application, the inventors discovered that currently, batteries are typically charged using a constant cut-off current, which is not adjusted during battery use, maintaining the original charging strategy. However, because the cut-off current remains constant, the capacity decay of lithium-ion batteries accelerates during use, shortening both the battery's endurance and service life.

[0004] The present application aims to provide a battery charging method and device, a battery management system and a battery, which can extend the battery life and cycle life.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for charging a battery, comprising n-stage charge and discharge cycles, where n is an integer ≥3. The charging method comprises: determining n-stage charge and discharge cycles of the battery, where n is an integer ≥3. In the charge and discharge cycle process of each stage within the n-1th stage, the charge cutoff current of the battery when it is in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the corresponding stage is reduced in sequence. In the charge and discharge cycle process of the nth stage, the nth charge cutoff current of the battery in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the nth stage is adjusted to a first current, wherein the first current is not less than the first charge cutoff current of the battery in the first stage.

[0006] In an optional manner, the charging method further includes: obtaining characteristic parameters of the battery during each charge and discharge cycle, and determining n stages of charge and discharge cycles of the battery according to the characteristic parameters.

[0007] In an optional manner, the charge and discharge cycles of the battery in n stages are determined according to the characteristic parameters, including: when the first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) When the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle process meet the first condition, if 1 ≤m<n-1, then the (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1) charge and discharge cycle and (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the mth stage. If m=n-1, then the charge-discharge cycle of the mth stage (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the mth stage, and the (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m ) charge-discharge cycles and the subsequent charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the m+1th stage, so as to determine the charge-discharge cycles of the battery in n stages. m They are all integers greater than 0, and A0=1.

[0008] In an optional manner, the characteristic parameters include the charge temperature change, discharge temperature change, charge time or discharge time of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle. m-1 The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A1+A2+A3…+A m The characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle process meet the first condition, including: (A1+A2+A3…+A m The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) The difference between the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle processes is not less than the first difference threshold.

[0009] In an optional manner, the characteristic parameter includes the charge capacity or discharge capacity of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle. m-1 The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A1+A2+A3…+A m The characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle process meet the first condition, including: (A1+A2+A3…+A m The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) The ratio of the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle processes is not greater than the first ratio threshold.

[0010] In an optional manner, the charge and discharge cycles of the battery in n stages are determined according to the characteristic parameters, including: when the first (B1+B2+B3…+B k ) charge and discharge cycle process characteristic parameters meet the second condition, if 1≤k<n-1, then the (B0+B1+B2+B3…+B k-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (B1+B2+B3…+B k) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the kth stage. If k = n-1, then the charge-discharge cycle of the kth stage (B0+B1+B2+B3…+B k-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (B1+B2+B3… +B k ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the kth stage of charge-discharge cycles, and the kth stage of (B0+B1+B2+B3…+B k ) charge-discharge cycles and the subsequent charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the k+1th stage, so as to determine the charge-discharge cycles of the battery in n stages. k are all integers greater than 0, and B0=1.

[0011] In an optional manner, the characteristic parameters include the charging current, discharging current or the ambient temperature detected by the battery during the charge and discharge cycle. m The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle process meet the second condition, including: m ) characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle process are within the first variation range threshold.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, during each charge-discharge cycle within the n-1th stage, the charge cutoff current of the battery during the constant-voltage charging stage of the charge-discharge cycle of the corresponding stage is sequentially reduced, including: during each charge-discharge cycle within the n-2th stage, setting n-2 adjustment amounts, wherein one adjustment amount corresponds to each stage. Calculating the difference between the tth charge cutoff current in the tth stage and the adjustment amount corresponding to the tth stage, and using the difference as the t+1th charge cutoff current in the t+1th stage, so as to sequentially reduce the charge cutoff current of the battery during the constant-voltage charging stage of the charge-discharge cycle of the corresponding stage, wherein 1≤t≤n-2.

[0013] In a second aspect, another embodiment of the present application provides a battery charging device, comprising a first determination module, a first adjustment module, and a second adjustment module. The first determination module is used to determine the n-stage charge and discharge cycles of the battery, where n is an integer ≥ 3. The first adjustment module is used to sequentially reduce the charging cutoff current of the battery when it is in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the corresponding stage during the charge and discharge cycle of each stage within the n-1 stage. The second adjustment module is used to adjust the nth charging cutoff current of the battery in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the nth stage to a first current during the charge and discharge cycle of the nth stage, wherein the first current is not less than the first charging cutoff current of the battery in the first stage.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery charging device, comprising: at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, the memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the battery charging method as in the first aspect.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, another embodiment of the present application provides a battery management system, which includes the battery charging device in the third aspect.

[0016] In the fifth aspect, another embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including a battery cell and the battery management system in the fourth aspect.

[0017] In a sixth aspect, another embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising a load and the battery according to the fifth aspect, wherein the battery is used to power the load.

[0018] In the seventh aspect, another embodiment of the present application provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by the battery charging device, the battery charging device executes the battery charging method in the first aspect.

[0019] The present application includes the following beneficial effects: the battery charging method provided by the present application includes n stages of charge and discharge cycles. Subsequently, during the charge and discharge cycle process of each stage within the n-1th stage, the charge cutoff current of the battery when it is in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the corresponding stage is reduced in sequence, thereby increasing the charge and discharge capacity, which is beneficial to extending the battery's battery life. At the same time, during the charge and discharge cycle process of the nth stage, the nth charge cutoff current of the constant voltage charging stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the battery in the nth stage is adjusted to the first current to reduce the charge and discharge capacity of the battery, which can reduce the capacity saturation of the battery, thereby reducing the risk of side reactions in the battery, which is beneficial to extending the cycle life of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplifications do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A flowchart of a battery charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A flow chart for determining n-stage charge and discharge cycles provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 A flowchart of a battery charging method provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 A flowchart of a battery charging method provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 A flowchart of a battery charging method provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a battery charging device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a battery charging device provided in another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0030] In order to facilitate understanding of this application, we first introduce an application scenario in which this application can be applied, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application scenario includes an electric vehicle 11 and a charging pile 12. Among them, a battery 111 is provided in the electric vehicle 11, and the battery 111 can be used to power the load of the electric vehicle 11. The battery pack 11 includes at least one battery cell 1111 and a battery management system 1112. The battery cell 1111 and the battery management system 1112 can be connected by a wiring harness, which includes a data acquisition harness and a power harness. The battery cell 1111 is used for charging or discharging, and can be repeatedly charged in a recyclable and rechargeable manner. In one embodiment, the battery cell 1111 is mainly composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, an isolation membrane, an electrolyte and a packaging bag.

[0031] The battery management system (BMS) 1112 is capable of executing the battery charging method of any embodiment of the present application. The battery management system 1112 includes a control system to protect the safe use of the battery cells 1111 and is used to monitor the usage status of the battery 111. For example, the battery management system 1111 can read changes in parameters such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery 111 during the charging or discharging process of the battery 111, and then control the charging and discharging process of the battery 111 in real time based on these parameters.

[0032] The battery management system 1112 and the charging pile 12 may be connected via a bus or directly to enable communication and data transmission between the battery management system 1112 and the charging pile 12. For example, during the charging process, the battery management system 1112 may send the charging cutoff current during the constant voltage charging phase to the charging pile 12, so that the charging pile 12 stops outputting the charging current when the charging current outputted by the battery management system 1112 reaches the charging cutoff current.

[0033] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the electrical device is an electric vehicle as an example, but in other embodiments, the electrical device can also be an electric motorcycle, an electric bicycle, an electric tool, a drone, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a personal computer, an energy storage product, or any other suitable device.

[0034] Secondly, Figure 1 The battery 111 is merely an example. In other embodiments, the battery 111 may include more or fewer components, or have different component configurations, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0035] At the same time, the battery in the embodiment of the present application can be a lithium-ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a lead-acid battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a lithium-air battery or a sodium-ion battery, etc., which are not limited here. In terms of scale, the battery in the embodiment of the present application can be a single cell, or a battery module or a battery pack, which are not limited here. In terms of application scenarios, the battery can be used in power devices such as automobiles and ships. For example, it can be used in power vehicles to power the motor of the power vehicle and serve as a power source for electric vehicles. The battery can also power other electrical devices in electric vehicles, such as in-car air conditioners, car players, etc.

[0036] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flowchart of a battery charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery charging method includes n-stage charge and discharge cycles, where n is an integer ≥3.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, the process from fully charging a battery to completely consuming all its power is recorded as one charge-discharge cycle. By dividing the battery's use into multiple stages of charge-discharge cycles, it is possible to optimize charging conditions based on the battery's actual operating conditions, thereby increasing the charge-discharge capacity, thereby improving the cycle capacity retention rate, and extending the battery's battery life. Each of the n stages includes at least one charge-discharge cycle.

[0038] The battery charging method includes:

[0039] Step 201: During each charge-discharge cycle within the (n-1)th stage, the charge cutoff current of the battery when it is in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge-discharge cycle of the corresponding stage is reduced in sequence.

[0040] In the embodiments of the present application, the battery charging process during the battery charge-discharge cycle must include a constant voltage charging phase, and whether other charging phases are included is not specifically limited. Furthermore, during the constant voltage charging phase, as constant voltage charging proceeds, the battery charge level increases until the charging current reaches a set minimum current value, at which point the battery is considered fully charged. The minimum current value for constant voltage charging is referred to as the charge cutoff current.

[0041] For example, in one embodiment, the battery charging process includes a constant current charging stage and a constant voltage charging stage. Specifically, when the battery is charged to a specified upper limit voltage during the constant current charging stage, the battery charging capacity has not reached the full charge capacity and needs to be continued. At this time, the battery enters the constant voltage charging stage and charges until the charging current reaches the charging cut-off current, at which point charging stops.

[0042] In this embodiment, after the charge-discharge cycle is divided into n stages, the charge cut-off current can be reduced sequentially according to the divided n-1 stages. Then the n-1 stages include the 1st stage, the 2nd stage, the 3rd stage ... the n-1th stage, and the 1st charge cut-off current IE1 of the 1st stage is greater than the 2nd charge cut-off current IE2 of the 2nd stage, the 2nd charge cut-off current IE2 of the 2nd stage is greater than the 3rd charge cut-off current IE3 of the 3rd stage ... the n-2nd charge cut-off current IE n-2 Greater than the n-1th charging cut-off current IE of the n-1th stage n-1 That is, the charging cut-off current of n-1 stages satisfies: IE1>IE2>IE3…>IE n-1 .

[0043] In one embodiment, step 201 can be specifically implemented by the following method: First, in each charge-discharge cycle within the n-1th stage, n-2 adjustment amounts are set. Each stage corresponds to one adjustment amount. That is, the first adjustment amount X1 is set in the first stage, the second adjustment amount X2 is set in the second stage, and the n-2th adjustment amount X is set in the n-2th stage. n-2 . The first adjustment amount X1, the second adjustment amount X2...the n-2th adjustment amount X n-2 All of them can be set according to the actual application situation, and the present embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions on this. In addition, the first adjustment amount X1, the second adjustment amount X2...the n-2 adjustment amount X n-2 They can be the same or different. For example, in one embodiment, the first adjustment amount X1, the second adjustment amount X2, ... the n-2 adjustment amount X n-2They are all set to the same value to facilitate calculation.

[0044] Then, the difference between the tth charge cutoff current in the tth stage and the adjustment amount corresponding to the tth stage is calculated, and the difference is used as the t+1th charge cutoff current in the t+1th stage, so as to successively reduce the charge cutoff current when the battery is in the constant voltage charge stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the corresponding stage, where 1≤t≤n-2. Combined with the above content, the charge cutoff current of each stage within (including) the n-1th stage is: IE1-X1=IE2, IE2-X2=IE3...IE n-2 -X n-2 =IE n-1 .

[0045] In this embodiment, during the use of the battery, the charging cut-off current is gradually reduced according to the characteristic parameters of the battery to improve the charging and discharging capacity. Compared with the solution of using a constant charging cut-off current in the related art, the cycle capacity retention rate of the present application is higher and the battery life is longer.

[0046] In one embodiment, if the n-1th charging cut-off current in the n-1th stage is less than the first current threshold (denoted as I min ), then the n-1th charging cut-off current is set to the first current threshold I min , to reduce the risk of battery damage due to excessive capacity saturation.

[0047] The first current threshold can be set according to actual application conditions and is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, in one embodiment, the first current threshold sets the minimum charge cut-off current of the battery, and the minimum charge cut-off current is the rated charge cut-off current of the battery. Generally, during the use of the battery, the charge cut-off current is set to be greater than or equal to the minimum charge cut-off current to reduce the risk of battery damage and extend the battery life.

[0048] As mentioned above, the n-1th charging cut-off current satisfies IE n-2 -X n-2 =IE n-1 , and in this embodiment, the n-1th charging cut-off current should also meet IE n-1 ≥I min In short, if IE n-1 ≥I min , then the n-1th charging cut-off current is set to IE n-1 ;If IE n-1 <I min , then by adjusting X n-2 To make IE n-1 =I min, at this time the n-1th charging cut-off current is I min .

[0049] Step 202: During the n-th stage of the charge and discharge cycle, adjust the n-th charge cutoff current of the battery in the constant voltage charge phase of the n-th stage of the charge and discharge cycle to a first current.

[0050] The first current is not less than the first charging cut-off current of the battery in the first stage, that is, the nth charging cut-off current (denoted as IE n ) is greater than or equal to the first charge cut-off current. Combining the above embodiments, the charge cut-off current of n stages satisfies: IE n ≥IE1>IE2>IE3…>IE n-1 .

[0051] It can be seen that in this embodiment, during the charge and discharge cycle of the nth stage, by adjusting the nth charge cut-off current to the first current to reduce the charge and discharge capacity of the battery, the capacity saturation of the battery can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of side reactions in the battery, which is beneficial to extending the cycle life of the battery.

[0052] In summary, in the embodiments of the present application, n stages of charge and discharge cycles are first determined. Then, the charge cutoff current is sequentially reduced in the first n-1 stages to increase the charge and discharge capacity, thereby extending the battery's battery life. Finally, the charge cutoff current of the nth stage is directly adjusted to be greater than or equal to the first charge cutoff current of the first stage to reduce the battery's charge and discharge capacity, reduce the risk of side reactions in the battery, and thus extend the battery's cycle life.

[0053] In one embodiment, the battery charging method further includes determining a process of n-stage charge and discharge cycles of the battery. Figure 3 As shown, the method further includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 301: Acquire characteristic parameters of the battery during each charge and discharge cycle.

[0055] Step 302: Determine n stages of charge and discharge cycles of the battery according to the characteristic parameters.

[0056] The characteristic parameters are parameters that reflect the actual operating conditions of the battery during charging or discharging, such as the battery's voltage, current, or temperature. After obtaining the characteristic parameters, the charge and discharge cycle can be divided into n stages based on the characteristic parameters.

[0057] In one embodiment, the specific implementation process of determining the n-stage charge and discharge cycle of the battery according to the characteristic parameters in step 302 is as follows: when the first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) When the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle process meet the first condition, if 1≤m<n-1, then the (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the mth stage; if m=n-1, then the charge-discharge cycle of the mth stage (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the mth stage, and the charge-discharge cycle of the mth stage (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m ) charge-discharge cycles and subsequent charge-discharge cycles are determined as the (m+1)th stage of charge-discharge cycles to determine the n-stage charge-discharge cycles of the battery.

[0058] Among them, 1≤m≤n-1, A1, A2, A3…A m are all integers greater than 0, and A0 = 1. A1, A2, A3...A m The values ​​in can be the same or different, and this embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0059] In one embodiment, taking n=3, A0=1, A1=100, and A2=200 as an example, if m=1, where 1≤m<n-1, then when the characteristic parameters during the A0th charge-discharge cycle and the characteristic parameters during the A1th charge-discharge cycle meet a first condition, the charge-discharge cycles between the A0th charge-discharge cycle and the A1th charge-discharge cycle are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the first stage. In this case, the charge-discharge cycles of the first stage include a total of 100 charge-discharge cycles from the 1st charge-discharge cycle to the 100th charge-discharge cycle.

[0060] If m=2, in this case, m=n-1, then when the characteristic parameters during the (A0+A1)th charge-discharge cycle and the characteristic parameters during the (A1+A2)th charge-discharge cycle meet the first condition, first, the charge-discharge cycle between the (A0+A1)th charge-discharge cycle and the (A1+A2)th charge-discharge cycle is determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the second stage. At this time, the charge-discharge cycle of the second stage includes a total of 200 charge-discharge cycles between the 101st charge-discharge cycle and the 300th charge-discharge cycle.

[0061] Then, the (A0+A1+A2)th charge-discharge cycle and the charge-discharge cycle after the (A0+A1+A2)th charge-discharge cycle are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage. At this time, the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage includes the 301st charge-discharge cycle and the charge-discharge cycles thereafter, that is, the 301st charge-discharge cycle, the 302nd charge-discharge cycle... until the end of the battery life are all charge-discharge cycles of the third stage.

[0062] In summary, in this embodiment, the battery usage process includes three stages of charge and discharge cycles, wherein the charge and discharge cycles of the first stage include the 1st charge and discharge cycle to the 100th charge and discharge cycle, the charge and discharge cycles of the second stage include the 101st charge and discharge cycle to the 300th charge and discharge cycle, and the charge and discharge cycles of the third stage include the 301st charge and discharge cycle and subsequent charge and discharge cycles.

[0063] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first charge-discharge cycle is the first charge-discharge cycle of the battery using the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The first charge-discharge cycle can be the charge-discharge cycle when the battery is first used, or it can be the first charge-discharge cycle of a battery that has undergone multiple charge-discharge cycles and begins to be charged using the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0064] At the same time, the first condition can be set according to actual conditions, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this. For example, in one embodiment, the first condition can be set according to the size relationship between the characteristic parameters.

[0065] In one embodiment, the characteristic parameters include the charge temperature change of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, or the discharge temperature change of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, or the charge time of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, or the discharge time of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, then (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A1+A2+A3…+A m The first condition that the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle process meet is: m The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) The difference between the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle processes is not less than the first difference threshold.

[0066] The first difference threshold value can be a pre-set value or a value automatically generated based on the characteristic parameter. It can be set according to the actual application situation and is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, in one embodiment, the characteristic parameter is the change in charging temperature of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, and the first difference threshold value can be set to 2°C. For another example, in another embodiment, the characteristic parameter is the charging time of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, and the first difference threshold value can be set to 2 minutes.

[0067] In this embodiment, the charge temperature variation of the battery during a charge-discharge cycle is the difference between the maximum temperature and the initial temperature of the battery during the charge process of one charge-discharge cycle, wherein the initial temperature is the temperature of the battery at the beginning of charging. The discharge temperature variation of the battery during a charge-discharge cycle is the difference between the maximum temperature and the initial temperature of the battery during the discharge process of one charge-discharge cycle, wherein the initial temperature is the temperature of the battery at the beginning of discharging. The charge time of the battery during a charge-discharge cycle is the time it takes for the battery to go from a depleted state to a fully charged state during the charge process of one charge-discharge cycle. The discharge time of the battery during a charge-discharge cycle is the time it takes for the battery to go from a fully charged state to a depleted state during the discharge process of one charge-discharge cycle.

[0068] In one embodiment, n=3, A0=1, A1=100, and A2=200 are still used as an example for description. Furthermore, the characteristic parameter is taken as the charge temperature variation of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle. The specific implementation process of the discharge temperature variation, charge time, or discharge time is similar to that of the charge temperature variation, and is within the scope of easy understanding for those skilled in the art and will not be further described here.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the characteristic parameter is the charge temperature change of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, the charge temperature change during the first charge and discharge cycle (recorded as T1) and the charge temperature change during the 100th charge and discharge cycle (recorded as T 100 ) is not less than the first difference threshold (denoted as D1); the charging temperature change during the 101st charge and discharge cycle (denoted as T 101 ) and the charging temperature change during the 300th charge and discharge cycle (denoted as T 300 ) is not less than a first difference threshold (denoted as D1).

[0070] Specifically, if T 100 -T1≥D1, then the charge-discharge cycle from the 1st charge-discharge cycle to the 100th charge-discharge cycle is determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the first stage; if T 300 -T 101≥D1, the charge-discharge cycles between the 101st charge-discharge cycle and the 300th charge-discharge cycle are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the second stage, and the charge-discharge cycle 301st and subsequent charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the third stage.

[0071] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the difference (including T 100 -T1, T 300 -T 101 In other embodiments, a corresponding difference threshold may be set according to each difference. For example, in one embodiment, the first condition to be satisfied is set as T 100 -T1≥D 11 and T 300 -T 101 ≥D 12 , where D 11 With D 12 are difference thresholds of different sizes.

[0072] In another embodiment, the characteristic parameter includes the charge capacity or discharge capacity of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, then (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A1+A2+A3…+A m The first condition that the characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle process satisfy is: m The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) The ratio of the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle processes is not greater than the first ratio threshold.

[0073] The first ratio threshold value can be a preset value or a value automatically generated based on the characteristic parameter. The specific setting can be based on actual application conditions and is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, in one embodiment, where the characteristic parameter is the charge capacity of the battery during a charge-discharge cycle, the first ratio threshold value can be set to 98%.

[0074] In this embodiment, the charge capacity of a battery during a charge-discharge cycle is the amount of electricity charged into the battery from a depleted state to a fully charged state during the charge process of one charge-discharge cycle. The discharge capacity of a battery during a charge-discharge cycle is the amount of electricity discharged from the battery from a fully charged state to a depleted state during the discharge process of one charge-discharge cycle.

[0075] In one embodiment, n=3, A0=1, A1=100, and A2=200 are still used as an example for description. Also, the characteristic parameter is the charge capacity of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle. The specific implementation process of the discharge capacity is similar to that of the charge capacity, which is within the scope of easy understanding for those skilled in the art and will not be further described here.

[0076] In this embodiment, when the characteristic parameter is the charging capacity of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, the charging capacity during the first charge and discharge cycle (recorded as C1) and the charging temperature change during the 100th charge and discharge cycle (recorded as C 100 ) is not greater than the first ratio threshold value (denoted as R1); the charging capacity during the 101st charge and discharge cycle (denoted as C 101 ) and the charge capacity during the 300th charge-discharge cycle (denoted as C 300 ) is not greater than a first ratio threshold (denoted as R1).

[0077] Specifically, if C 100 / C1≤R1, then the charge-discharge cycle from the 1st charge-discharge cycle to the 100th charge-discharge cycle is determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the first stage; if C 300 / C 101 ≤R1, the charge-discharge cycles between the 101st charge-discharge cycle and the 300th charge-discharge cycle are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the second stage, and the charge-discharge cycle 301st charge-discharge cycle and the charge-discharge cycles after the 301st charge-discharge cycle are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the third stage.

[0078] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the ratios (including C 100 / C1、C 300 / C 101 In other embodiments, a corresponding ratio threshold value may be set according to each ratio value. For example, in one embodiment, the first condition to be satisfied is set as C 100 / C1≤R 11 with C 300 / C 101 ≤R 12 , where R 11 With R 12 are ratio thresholds of different sizes.

[0079] In another embodiment, the specific implementation process of determining the n-stage charge and discharge cycle of the battery according to the characteristic parameters in step 302 is: when the first (B1+B2+B3...+B k ) charge-discharge cycle process characteristic parameters meet the second condition, if 1≤k<n-1, then the (B0+B1+B2+B3…+Bk-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (B1+B2+B3…+B k ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the kth stage; if k=n-1, then the charge-discharge cycle of the (B0+B1+B2+B3…+B k-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (B1+B2+B3…+B k ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the kth stage of charge-discharge cycles, and the kth stage of (B0+B1+B2+B3…+B k ) charge-discharge cycles and subsequent charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the k+1th stage to determine the n-stage charge-discharge cycles of the battery.

[0080] Among them, 1≤k≤n-1, B1, B2, B3…B k are all integers greater than 0, and B0 = 1. B1, B2, B3...B k The values ​​in can be the same or different, and this embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0081] In one embodiment, taking n=3, B0=1, B1=B2=100 as an example, if k=1, then 1 ≤ k < n-1. When the characteristic parameter during the B1th charge-discharge cycle satisfies the second condition, the charge-discharge cycle between the B0th charge-discharge cycle and the B1th charge-discharge cycle is determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the first stage. In this case, the charge-discharge cycle of the first stage includes a total of 100 charge-discharge cycles from the 1st charge-discharge cycle to the 100th charge-discharge cycle.

[0082] If k=2, then k=n-1. When the characteristic parameters of the (B1+B2)th charge-discharge cycle process meet the second condition, first, the charge-discharge cycle between the (B0+B1)th charge-discharge cycle and the (B1+B2)th charge-discharge cycle is determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the second stage. At this time, the charge-discharge cycle of the second stage includes a total of 100 charge-discharge cycles from the 101st charge-discharge cycle to the 200th charge-discharge cycle.

[0083] Then, the (B0+B1+B2)th charge-discharge cycle and the charge-discharge cycle after the (B0+B1+B2)th charge-discharge cycle are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage. At this time, the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage includes the charge-discharge cycle of the 201st charge-discharge cycle and the charge-discharge cycles thereafter, that is, the charge-discharge cycle of the 201st charge-discharge cycle, the charge-discharge cycle of the 202nd charge-discharge cycle... until the end of the battery life are all charge-discharge cycles of the third stage.

[0084] In summary, in this embodiment, the battery usage process includes three stages of charge and discharge cycles, wherein the charge and discharge cycles of the first stage include the 1st charge and discharge cycle to the 100th charge and discharge cycle, the charge and discharge cycles of the second stage include the 101st charge and discharge cycle to the 200th charge and discharge cycle, and the charge and discharge cycles of the third stage include the 201st charge and discharge cycle and subsequent charge and discharge cycles.

[0085] Similarly, in this embodiment, the first charge-discharge cycle is the first charge-discharge cycle of the battery using the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The first charge-discharge cycle can be the charge-discharge cycle when the battery is first used, or it can be the first charge-discharge cycle of a battery that has undergone multiple charge-discharge cycles and begins to be charged using the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0086] In addition, the second condition can be set according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this. For example, in one embodiment, the second condition can be set according to the size of the characteristic parameter.

[0087] In one embodiment, the characteristic parameter includes the charging current of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, or the discharge current of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, or the ambient temperature detected by the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, then (B1+B2+B3…+B k The second condition that the characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle satisfy is: k ) characteristic parameters during the charge and discharge cycle are within the first variation range threshold.

[0088] The first variation range threshold can be a pre-set value or a value automatically generated based on the characteristic parameter. It can be set according to the actual application situation, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this. For example, in one embodiment, the characteristic parameter is the charging current of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, and the first variation range threshold is set to [0.001A, the rated current of the battery]. For example, in another embodiment, the characteristic parameter is the ambient temperature detected by the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, and the first variation range threshold is set to [0, 25°C].

[0089] In this embodiment, the charging current of a battery during a charge-discharge cycle is the current charged into the battery during the charge process of the battery from a depleted state to a fully charged state. The discharge current of a battery during a charge-discharge cycle is the current discharged from the battery during the discharge process of the battery from a fully charged state to a depleted state. The ambient temperature detected by the battery during the charge-discharge cycle is the ambient temperature detected by the test equipment installed within the battery during the charge-discharge cycle.

[0090] In one embodiment, n=3, B0=1, B1=B2=100 is still used as an example for description. At the same time, the characteristic parameter is taken as the charging current of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle. The specific implementation process of the discharge current or the ambient temperature detected by the battery is similar to that of the charging current, which is within the scope of easy understanding for those skilled in the art and is not further described here.

[0091] In this embodiment, when the characteristic parameter is the charging current of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, the charging current during the 100th charge and discharge cycle (recorded as the charging current I 100 ) has been in the first change range threshold (denoted as [R min , R max ]); the charging current during the 200th charge-discharge cycle (denoted as charging current I 200 ) has been in the first change range threshold (denoted as [R min , R max ]) Inside.

[0092] Specifically, if the charging current I 100 The maximum value is not greater than R max , and the charging current I 100 The minimum value is not less than R min , then the charge and discharge cycles from the 1st charge and discharge cycle to the 100th charge and discharge cycle are determined as the charge and discharge cycles of the first stage; if the charging current I 200 The maximum value is not greater than R max , and the charging current I 200 The minimum value is not less than R min , the charge and discharge cycles between the 101st charge and discharge cycle and the 200th charge and discharge cycle are determined as the charge and discharge cycles of the second stage, and the charge and discharge cycles of the 201st charge and discharge cycle and the charge and discharge cycles after the 201st charge and discharge cycle are determined as the charge and discharge cycles of the third stage.

[0093] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, each charging current (including the charging current I 100 , charging current I 200In other embodiments, a corresponding variation range threshold may be set according to each charging current. For example, in one embodiment, the second condition to be satisfied is set as the charging current I 100 In [R min1 , R max1 ] and the charging current I 200 In [R min2 , R max2 ], where [R min1 , R max1 ] and [R min2 , R max2 ] are thresholds of varying ranges of different sizes.

[0094] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, only a single characteristic parameter is used to determine the battery's n-stage charge-discharge cycle. In other embodiments, at least two characteristic parameters from the above embodiments may be combined to determine the battery's n-stage charge-discharge cycle, thereby reducing the probability of misjudgment and improving accuracy. For example, in one embodiment, two characteristic parameters, the change in charging temperature and charging time during the battery's charge-discharge cycle, are combined to determine the battery's n-stage charge-discharge cycle.

[0095] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the characteristic parameter is selected as the charging temperature change of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, and the battery usage process is divided into four stages of charge and discharge cycles based on the charging temperature change. The specific process is as follows:

[0096] First, the first stage of the charge and discharge cycle is started, and the charge temperature change T1 and the first charge cut-off current IE1 during the first charge and discharge cycle are obtained. The charge and discharge cycle is continued, and the charge temperature change during the A1th charge and discharge cycle is detected. When the difference between T1 and T2 is not less than the first difference threshold D1, the charge and discharge cycle of the first stage is ended.

[0097] Then, during the A1+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is reduced to the second charge cut-off current IE2, and the second stage of the charge-discharge cycle is entered, and the charge cut-off current during the second stage of the charge-discharge cycle is maintained at IE2. IE2 is determined based on the difference between IE1 and the first adjustment value X1. The charge-discharge cycle is continued, and during the A1+A2th charge-discharge cycle, the charge temperature change during the A1+A2th charge-discharge cycle is detected. and When the difference between them is not less than the first difference threshold D1, the charge and discharge cycle of the second stage is ended.

[0098] Then, during the A1+A2+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is reduced to the third charge cut-off current IE3, and the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage is entered, and the charge cut-off current of the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage is maintained at IE3. IE3 is determined based on the difference between IE2 and the second adjustment amount X2. The charge-discharge cycle is continued, and during the A1+A2+A3th charge-discharge cycle, the charge temperature change during the A1+A2+A3th charge-discharge cycle is detected. and When the difference between them is not less than the first difference threshold D1, the charge and discharge cycle of the third stage is ended.

[0099] Finally, during the A1+A2+A3+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is adjusted to the first current, and the fourth stage of the charge-discharge cycle is entered and maintained. During the A1+A2+A3+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is reduced to the fourth charge cut-off current IE4, and IE4 ≥ IE1. The charge cut-off current during the fourth stage of the charge-discharge cycle is maintained at IE4.

[0100] It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the specific implementation process of the discharge temperature change, charging time or discharge time is similar to the charging temperature change, which is within the scope that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0101] In one embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the characteristic parameter is selected as the charging capacity of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, and the battery usage process is divided into four stages of charge and discharge cycles based on the charging capacity. The specific process is as follows:

[0102] First, the first stage of the charge and discharge cycle is started, and the charge capacity C1 and the first charge cut-off current IE1 during the first charge and discharge cycle are obtained. The charge and discharge cycle is continued, and the charge capacity C1 and the first charge cut-off current IE1 during the first charge and discharge cycle are detected. When the ratio between the voltage and C1 is not greater than the first ratio threshold R1, the charge and discharge cycle of the first stage is ended.

[0103] Then, during the A1+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is reduced to the second charge cut-off current IE2, and the second stage of the charge-discharge cycle is entered, and the charge cut-off current during the second stage of the charge-discharge cycle is maintained at IE2. IE2 is determined based on the difference between IE1 and the first adjustment value X1. The charge-discharge cycle is continued, and during the A1+A2th charge-discharge cycle, the charge temperature change during the A1+A2th charge-discharge cycle is detected. and When the difference between the two ratios is not greater than the first ratio threshold R1, the charge and discharge cycle of the second stage is ended.

[0104] Then, during the A1+A2+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is reduced to the third charge cut-off current IE3, and the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage is entered, and the charge cut-off current of the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage is maintained at IE3. IE3 is determined based on the difference between IE2 and the second adjustment amount X2. The charge-discharge cycle is continued, and during the A1+A2+A3th charge-discharge cycle, the charge temperature change during the A1+A2+A3th charge-discharge cycle is detected. and When the difference between the values ​​of ΔH and ΔH is not greater than the first ratio threshold R1, the charge and discharge cycle of the third stage is ended.

[0105] Finally, during the A1+A2+A3+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is adjusted to the first current, and the fourth stage of the charge-discharge cycle is entered and maintained. During the A1+A2+A3+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is reduced to the fourth charge cut-off current IE4, and IE4 ≥ IE1. The charge cut-off current during the fourth stage of the charge-discharge cycle is maintained at IE4.

[0106] It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the specific implementation process of the discharge capacity is similar to that of the charge capacity, which is within the scope that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0107] In one embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the characteristic parameter is selected as the charging current of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle, and the battery usage process is divided into four stages of charge and discharge cycles based on the charging current. The specific process is as follows:

[0108] First, the first stage of the charge and discharge cycle is started, and the first charge cut-off current IE1 is obtained. The charge and discharge cycle is continued, and the charging current I during the A1th charge and discharge cycle is detected. A1 Has been in the first range of change [R min , R max ], the first stage of charge and discharge cycle is completed.

[0109] Then, during the A1+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is reduced to the second charge cut-off current IE2, and the second stage of the charge-discharge cycle is entered, and the charge cut-off current during the second stage of the charge-discharge cycle is maintained at IE2. IE2 is determined based on the difference between IE1 and the first adjustment value X1. The charge-discharge cycle is continued, and during the A1+A2th charge-discharge cycle, the charge current during the A1+A2th charge-discharge cycle is detected. With the first range of change [R min , R max ], the second stage of charge and discharge cycle is completed.

[0110] Then, during the A1+A2+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is reduced to the third charge cut-off current IE3, and the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage is entered, and the charge cut-off current of the charge-discharge cycle of the third stage is maintained at IE3. IE3 is determined based on the difference between IE2 and the second adjustment amount X2. The charge-discharge cycle is continued, and during the A1+A2+A3th charge-discharge cycle, the charge current during the A1+A2+A3th charge-discharge cycle is detected. Has been in the first range of change [R min , R max ], the third stage of charge and discharge cycle is completed.

[0111] Finally, during the A1+A2+A3+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is adjusted to the first current, and the fourth stage of the charge-discharge cycle is entered and maintained. During the A1+A2+A3+1th charge-discharge cycle, the charge cut-off current is reduced to the fourth charge cut-off current IE4, and IE4 ≥ IE1. The charge cut-off current during the fourth stage of the charge-discharge cycle is maintained at IE4.

[0112] It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the specific implementation process of the discharge current or the ambient temperature detected by the battery is similar to that of the charge current, which is within the scope that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0113] In one embodiment, the battery charge and discharge cycle can be tested to determine whether the charging method provided by the present application can improve the capacity retention rate. For example, the characteristic parameter includes the change in the charging temperature of the battery during the charge and discharge process. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0114] Step 1: Allow the battery to rest for 5 minutes, meaning it remains neither charged nor discharged for 5 minutes. Step 2: Discharge the battery to 3V at a current of 0.5C. Step 3: Allow the battery to rest for 5 minutes. Step 4: Charge the battery to 4.2V at a current of 3C, then charge it to 4.3V at a current of 2C, then charge it at a constant voltage until the current reaches 1.5C, and finally charge it at a constant voltage until the current reaches 0.2C. Step 5: Allow the battery to rest for 5 minutes. Step 6: Discharge the battery to 3V at a current of 0.5C. Each execution of steps 3 through 6 completes a charge-discharge cycle, with the charge cutoff current being 0.2C. Repeat steps 3 through 6 continuously. At the 300th charge-discharge cycle, the difference between the charge temperature change during the first charge-discharge cycle and the charge temperature change during the 300th charge-discharge cycle is no less than the first difference threshold. At this point, steps 3 through 6 are terminated, and step 7 begins.

[0115] Step 7, let the battery stand for 5 minutes. Step 8, charge the battery to 4.2V with a current of 3C, then charge the battery to 4.3V with a current of 2C, then charge the battery at a constant voltage until the current of the battery is 1.5C, and finally charge the battery at a constant voltage until the current of the battery is 0.1C. Step 9, let the battery stand for 5 minutes. Step 10, discharge the battery to 3V with a current of 0.5C. At this point, each time steps 7 to 10 are executed, a charge and discharge cycle is completed, and the charge cut-off current is 0.1C, that is, the charge cut-off current is reduced. Repeat steps 7 to 10 continuously. At the 501st charge and discharge cycle (including the above-mentioned 300 charge and discharge cycles), the difference between the charge temperature change during the 501st charge and discharge cycle and the charge temperature change during the 700th charge and discharge cycle is not less than the first difference threshold. At this point, end the execution of steps 7 to 10, and start the execution of step 11.

[0116] Step 11, let the battery stand for 5 minutes. Step 12, charge the battery to 4.2V with a current of 3C, then charge the battery to 4.3V with a current of 2C, then charge the battery at a constant voltage until the current of the battery is 1.5C, and finally charge the battery at a constant voltage until the current of the battery is 0.05C. Step 13, let the battery stand for 5 minutes. Step 14, discharge the battery to 3V with a current of 0.5C. At this point, each time steps 11 to 14 are executed, a charge and discharge cycle is completed, and the charge cut-off current is 0.05C, that is, the charge cut-off current is reduced. Repeat steps 11 to 14 continuously. At the 701st charge and discharge cycle, the difference between the charge temperature change during the 701st charge and discharge cycle and the charge temperature change during the 900th charge and discharge cycle is not less than the first difference threshold. At this point, end the execution of steps 11 to 14, and start the execution of step 15.

[0117] Step 15, let the battery stand for 5 minutes. Step 16, charge the battery to 4.2V with a current of 3C, then charge the battery to 4.3V with a current of 2C, then charge the battery at a constant voltage until the current is 1.5C, and finally charge the battery at a constant voltage until the current is 0.2C. Step 17, let the battery stand for 5 minutes. Step 18, discharge the battery to 3V with a current of 0.5C. At this point, each execution of steps 11 to 14 completes a charge and discharge cycle, and the charging cut-off current is 0.2C, that is, the charging cut-off current is adjusted to be equal to the charging cut-off current when executing step 4. Repeat steps 15 to 18 continuously. At the same time, the capacity retention rate of the battery is tested in real time during the test.

[0118] In this embodiment, a total of 4 stages of charge and discharge cycles are included, wherein the first stage corresponds to the continuous repetition of steps 3 to 6, the second stage corresponds to the continuous repetition of steps 7 to 10, the third stage corresponds to the continuous repetition of steps 11 to 14, and the fourth stage corresponds to the continuous repetition of steps 15 to 18. After real-time testing of the capacity retention rate of the battery in the above test process and comparing it with the scheme of maintaining the charging cut-off current in the related art, on the one hand, the capacity retention rate after 500-700 charge and discharge cycles can be improved by 5%-10% by adopting the charging method provided by the present application; on the other hand, if the capacity retention rate of the battery drops to 70% after multiple charge and discharge cycles, the charging method provided by the present application can increase 200-500 charge and discharge cycles. It can be seen that the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application can increase the charge and discharge capacity, thereby improving the capacity retention rate, thereby extending the battery life.

[0119] See Figure 7 , which shows a structural schematic diagram of a battery charging device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery charging device 700 includes: a first adjustment module 701 and a second adjustment module 702.

[0120] The first adjustment module 701 is used to sequentially reduce the charging cutoff current of the battery when it is in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge and discharge cycle of the corresponding stage during the charge and discharge cycle of each stage within the n-1th stage.

[0121] The second adjustment module 702 is configured to adjust, during the nth stage of the charge and discharge cycle, an nth charge cutoff current of the battery in the constant voltage charge stage of the nth stage of the charge and discharge cycle to a first current, wherein the first current is not less than a first charge cutoff current of the battery in the first stage.

[0122] The above products can be executed Figure 2The method provided in the embodiment of the present application shown has the functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method. For technical details not fully described in this embodiment, please refer to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0123] See Figure 8 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery charging device provided by another embodiment of the present application. The battery charging device 800 includes: at least one processor 801; and a memory 802 in communication with the at least one processor 801. Figure 8 Herein, a processor 701 is taken as an example.

[0124] The memory 802 stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 701. The instructions are executed by at least one processor 801 so that the at least one processor 801 can perform the above Figure 2 The processor 801 and the memory 802 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 8 The bus connection is taken as an example.

[0125] The memory 802 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the battery charging method in the embodiment of the present application, for example, the attached Figure 7 The processor 801 executes various functional applications and data processing of the server by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 802, that is, implements the battery charging method of the above method embodiment.

[0126] The memory 802 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the data transmission device, etc. In addition, the memory 802 may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 802 may optionally include a memory remotely located relative to the processor 801, and these remote memories may be connected to the data transmission device via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0127] One or more modules are stored in the memory 802, and when executed by one or more processors 801, the battery charging method in any of the above method embodiments is executed, for example, the above described method is executed. Figure 2 Method steps to achieve Figure 7 The functions of each module in .

[0128] The above-mentioned product can execute the method provided in the embodiment of this application, and has the functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method. For technical details not fully described in this embodiment, please refer to the method provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0129] In other embodiments, the battery charging device may also include only at least one processor. The at least one processor executes the corresponding instructions to perform the above Figure 2 The battery charging method shown, and the implementation Figure 7 The functions of each module in .

[0130] An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery management system, including the battery charging device in any embodiment of the present application.

[0131] An embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, including a battery cell and the battery management system of any embodiment of the present application.

[0132] An embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising a load and the battery according to any embodiment of the present application, wherein the battery is used to power the load.

[0133] The embodiment of the present application further provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions. The computer-executable instructions are executed by one or more processors, for example, to execute the above-described Figure 2 Method steps to achieve Figure 7 The functions of each module in .

[0134] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program stored on a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the battery charging method in any of the above method embodiments, for example, executing the above described Figure 2 Method steps to achieve Figure 7 The functions of each module in .

[0135] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Based on the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations in different aspects of the present application as described above. For the sake of simplicity, they are not provided in detail. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery charging method comprising n-stage charge-discharge cycles, where n is an integer ≥ 3, the charging method comprising: During each charge-discharge cycle within the n-1th stage, sequentially reducing the charge cutoff current of the battery when it is in a constant-voltage charging stage in the charge-discharge cycle of the corresponding stage, wherein the n-1th charge cutoff current of the battery in the constant-voltage charging stage in the n-1th charge-discharge cycle is greater than or equal to the minimum charge cutoff current of the battery; During the nth stage of the charge and discharge cycle, the nth charge cutoff current of the battery in the constant voltage charge stage in the nth stage of the charge and discharge cycle is adjusted to a first current, wherein the first current is not less than the first charge cutoff current of the battery in the first stage.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Obtaining characteristic parameters of the battery during each charge and discharge cycle; n stages of charge and discharge cycles of the battery are determined according to the characteristic parameters.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining the n-stage charge and discharge cycles of the battery according to the characteristic parameters includes: When (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) When the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle process meet the first condition, If 1≤m<n-1, then the (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the mth stage; If m=n-1, then the (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the mth stage, and the charge-discharge cycle of the mth stage (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m ) charge-discharge cycle and the subsequent charge-discharge cycle are determined as the (m+1)th stage of charge-discharge cycle, so as to determine the n-stage charge-discharge cycle of the battery; Among them, A1, A2, A3…A m They are all integers greater than 0, and A0=1.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The characteristic parameters include: the charging temperature change, the discharging temperature change, the charging time or the discharging time of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle; The first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) characteristic parameters of the charge-discharge cycle process meet the first condition, including: The first (A1+A2+A3…+A m The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) The difference between the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle processes is not less than the first difference threshold.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The characteristic parameters include: the charging capacity or discharging capacity of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle; The first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) characteristic parameters of the charge-discharge cycle process meet the first condition, including: The first (A1+A2+A3…+A m The characteristic parameters of the first charge and discharge cycle are the same as those of the first (A0+A1+A2+A3…+A m-1 ) The ratio of the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle processes is not greater than the first ratio threshold.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining the n-stage charge and discharge cycles of the battery according to the characteristic parameters includes: When (B1+B2+B3…+B k ) When the characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle process meet the second condition, If 1≤k<n-1, then the first (B0+B1+B2+B3…+B k-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (B1+B2+B3…+B k ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the charge-discharge cycles of the kth stage; If k=n-1, then the (B0+B1+B2+B3…+B k-1 ) charge and discharge cycle and (B1+B2+B3…+B k ) charge-discharge cycles are determined as the kth stage of charge-discharge cycles, and the kth stage of (B0+B1+B2+B3…+B k ) charge-discharge cycle and the subsequent charge-discharge cycle are determined as the charge-discharge cycle of the k+1th stage, so as to determine the n-stage charge-discharge cycle of the battery; Among them, B1, B2, B3…B k Both are integers greater than 0, and B0=1.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The characteristic parameters include: the charging current, discharging current of the battery during the charge and discharge cycle or the ambient temperature detected by the battery; (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) characteristic parameters of the charge-discharge cycle process satisfy the second condition, including: The first (A1+A2+A3…+A m ) characteristic parameters of the charge and discharge cycle process are within the first variation range threshold.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the charge-discharge cycle process of each stage within the n-1th stage, sequentially reducing the charge cutoff current of the battery when it is in the constant voltage charging stage of the charge-discharge cycle of the corresponding stage, includes: During the charge-discharge cycle of each stage within the n-2th stage, n-2 adjustment amounts are set, wherein each stage corresponds to one adjustment amount; A difference between the tth charge cutoff current in the tth stage and the adjustment amount corresponding to the tth stage is calculated, and the difference is used as the t+1th charge cutoff current in the t+1th stage, so as to sequentially reduce the charge cutoff current of the battery when it is in a constant voltage charge stage in the charge and discharge cycle of the corresponding stage, wherein 1≤t≤n-2.

9. A battery charging device for managing n stages of charge and discharge cycles of the battery, characterized in that: include: a first adjustment module, configured to, during each charge-discharge cycle within an n-1th stage, sequentially reduce a charge cutoff current of the battery when it is in a constant-voltage charging stage of the charge-discharge cycle of the corresponding stage, where n is an integer ≥ 3, wherein the n-1th charge cutoff current of the battery in the constant-voltage charging stage of the charge-discharge cycle of the n-1th stage is greater than or equal to a minimum charge cutoff current of the battery; The second adjustment module is configured to adjust, during the nth stage of the charge and discharge cycle, an nth charge cutoff current of the battery in the constant voltage charging stage of the nth stage of the charge and discharge cycle to a first current, wherein the first current is not less than the first charge cutoff current of the battery in the first stage.

10. A battery charging device, characterized in that: include: At least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, the memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform the charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A battery management system, characterized in that: A charging device comprising the battery as claimed in claim 10.

12. A battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery cell and a battery management system as claimed in claim 11.

13. An electrical device, characterized in that: The device comprises a load and the battery according to claim 12, wherein the battery is used to power the load.

14. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a battery charging device, the battery charging device is caused to execute the charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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