Multifunctional coal cake rammer mechanism and ramming method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multifunctional coal cake rammer mechanism and its ramming method, belong to ramming equipment technical field, specifically including hammer rod and the ramming hammer plate installed in the bottom of hammer rod, hammer rod includes two I-beams, the bottom of two I-beams is fixed on ramming hammer plate, the top of two I-beams is fixed with upper fixed plate, a plurality of shock absorbers are installed between two I-beams, a plurality of vibrating rods are installed on shock absorber, upper fixed plate and ramming hammer plate are all provided with a plurality of vibrating rod holes, the bottom of vibrating rod is located in the vibrating rod hole of ramming hammer plate, the top of vibrating rod passes through the vibrating rod hole of upper fixed plate, and top is equipped with lifting control plate, lifting control plate is equipped with lifting mechanism, vibrating rod is connected with excitation controller by wire, the present application is simple in structure, stamping, extrusion and vibration are integrated, and the density of coal cake can be effectively provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multifunctional coal cake tamping hammer mechanism and its tamping method, belonging to the technical field of tamping equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Compaction coking involves tamping loose coal into coal cakes of a specific density and shape using a tamping machine. This coking technology makes full use of coal resources. A tamping machine is a mechanical device that uses a flexible cam mechanism to lift the tamping hammer to a certain height, and then uses the free-fall motion of the tamping hammer to compact the coal powder.

[0003] To improve coal cake density, extensive research has been conducted on tamping machines. The German company Vicon established a model relating tamping frequency to coal cake density and launched an intelligent variable frequency motor tamping system. Experts from the Technical University of Berlin conducted proportional model experiments to study the elasto-plastic properties of pulverized coal with specific blending ratios during the tamping process, proposing the concept of "tamping capacity" and establishing a model relating the density and strength of the tamped coal cake to the tamping work.

[0004] Regarding the relationship between coal composition and coal cake density, studies have been conducted on the effects of coal ash content, moisture content, and the addition of binders on the density, strength, and stability of coal cakes. Prasad HN and Prachethan K studied the blending ratio of tamped coal and proposed an optimized blending ratio for strongly caking coal and semi-soft loose coal.

[0005] Currently, manufacturing enterprises lack a systematic understanding of the interdisciplinary relationship between coal characteristics, tamping characteristics (process parameters and coal cake density, etc.), and the performance of tamping machine components and structures. This leads to difficulties in improving tamping equipment (tamping hammers, etc.) and increasing tamping density. Specifically, the existing tamping hammers have the following problems: they are all single flat plate structures, applying a single force to the coal, and cannot cause multi-directional displacement of coal particles or shorten the distance between coal particles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a multifunctional coal cake tamping hammer mechanism and tamping method that is simple in structure, integrates stamping, extrusion and vibration, and can effectively improve the density of coal cakes.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this invention is a multifunctional coal cake tamping hammer mechanism, including a hammer rod and a tamping hammer plate installed at the bottom of the hammer rod. The hammer rod includes two I-beams, the bottoms of which are fixed to the tamping hammer plate, and an upper fixing plate is fixed to the top of the two I-beams. Multiple shock-absorbing brackets are installed between the two I-beams, and multiple vibrating rods are installed on the shock-absorbing brackets. Multiple vibrating rod holes are provided on both the upper fixing plate and the tamping hammer plate. The bottom of the vibrating rod is located in the vibrating rod hole of the tamping hammer plate, and the top of the vibrating rod passes through the vibrating rod hole of the upper fixing plate. A lifting control plate is installed on the top of the vibrating rod, and a lifting mechanism is installed on the lifting control plate. The vibrating rod is connected to an excitation controller via a wire. When the tamping hammer plate squeezes the coal, the lifting mechanism controls the vibrating rod to insert into the coal, and the excitation controller controls the vibrating rod to vibrate at high frequency.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the tamping hammer plate is also provided with a plurality of conical extrusion hammers, the height of which is 10-80mm and the cone angle is 30°-60°.

[0009] Preferably, the shock-absorbing bracket includes a fixing plate installed between the two I-beams and a mounting hole on the fixing plate. A guide sleeve is installed in the mounting hole. A limiting plate is provided at the top of the guide sleeve. The diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the diameter of the mounting hole. The vibrating rod is located inside the guide sleeve. A buffer rubber sleeve is also installed on the outside of the guide sleeve. The wall thickness of the buffer rubber sleeve is adapted to the gap between the guide sleeve and the mounting hole. A limiting baffle is also installed at the bottom of the guide sleeve. The limiting baffle is threaded onto the guide sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a reinforcing rib is provided between the tamping hammer plate and the I-beam, and the tamping hammer plate is provided with 2-4 rows of 2-3 vibrating rod holes in each row, and the number of vibrating rods is the same as the number of vibrating rod holes.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes support plates installed on both sides of the upper fixed plate, a cylinder fixing plate on the support plate, a control cylinder vertically installed on the cylinder fixing plate, and the piston rod of the control cylinder connected to the lifting control plate.

[0012] The tamping method of the multi-functional coal cake tamping hammer mechanism is operated according to the following steps: When the tamping hammer plate falls to tamp the coal cake, the flat part of the tamping hammer plate impacts the coal material in the coal box, and the squeezing hammer impacts and squeezes the coal material. At the same time, the vibrator moves and is controlled to vibrate by the excitation controller. When the tamping hammer plate is lifted, the vibrator returns to its original position, and the excitation controller controls the vibrator to stop vibrating. Under the action of impact force, squeezing force and vibration force, the coal material in the coal box forms a high-density and high-stability coal cake.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: The present invention uses multiple vibrating rods installed on the tamping hammer. The vibrating rods can move up and down with the tamping hammer and can also move independently relative to the tamping hammer. In this way, when the tamping hammer squeezes the coal cake, the vibrating rods are inserted into the coal cake to vibrate. Under the action of multiple forces such as tamping impact force, squeezing force and vibration force, the distance between coal particles is shortened, the coal particles are arranged tightly, and the density and strength are improved. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-functional coal cake tamping hammer mechanism includes a hammer rod 1 and a tamping hammer plate 2 installed at the bottom of the hammer rod. The hammer rod 1 includes two I-beams 3, the bottoms of which are fixed to the tamping hammer plate 2. An upper fixing plate 4 is fixed to the top of the two I-beams 3. Multiple shock-absorbing brackets 5 are installed between the two I-beams 3. Multiple vibrating rods 6 are installed on the shock-absorbing brackets 5. Multiple vibrating rod holes 7 are provided on both the upper fixing plate 4 and the tamping hammer plate 2. The bottom of the vibrating rod 6 is located in the vibrating rod hole of the tamping hammer plate, and the top of the vibrating rod 6 passes through the vibrating rod hole of the upper fixing plate 4. A lifting control plate 7 is installed on the top of the vibrating rod 6. A lifting mechanism is installed on the lifting control plate 7. The vibrating rod 6 is connected to an excitation controller 8 through a wire. When the tamping hammer plate squeezes the coal, the lifting mechanism controls the vibrating rod to insert into the coal, and at the same time, the excitation controller controls the vibrating rod to vibrate at high frequency.

[0018] This invention uses two I-beams to form the hammer rod, with the bottom connected to the tamping hammer plate and the top fixed to the upper fixed plate. A vibrator is arranged between the two I-beams, with its top and bottom mounted on the tamping hammer plate and the upper fixed plate, respectively. The vibrator's up and down movement can be controlled by a lifting mechanism. The vibrator is a high-frequency built-in vibrator, controlled by a vibration controller. In actual use, when the tamping hammer plate falls to tamp the coal cake, the flat part of the tamping hammer plate impacts the coal in the coal box, and the squeezing hammer impacts and squeezes the coal. At the same time, the vibrator moves, and the vibration is controlled by the vibration controller. When the tamping hammer plate is raised, the vibrator returns to its original position, and the vibration controller stops the vibration. Under the action of impact, squeezing, and vibration, the coal in the coal box forms a high-density, high-stability coal cake.

[0019] The tamping hammer plate 2 and the I-beam 3 are reinforced with a rib plate 16. The tamping hammer plate 2 has 2-4 rows of 2-3 vibratory rod holes per row, with the number of vibratory rods matching the number of holes. The number of vibratory rods can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The bottom of the tamping hammer plate 2 also has multiple conical extrusion hammers 9, with a height of 10-80mm and a cone angle of 30°-60°. These conical extrusion hammers allow the coal cake to move around the hammers during tamping, improving the displacement and contact gap of the coal particles and thus increasing the density of the coal cake.

[0020] In addition, the lifting mechanism includes support plates 17 installed on both sides of the upper fixed plate, a cylinder fixing plate 18 on the support plate 17, and a control cylinder 19 vertically installed on the cylinder fixing plate 18. The piston rod of the control cylinder 19 is connected to the lifting control plate 7. The vibrator is controlled by the control cylinder, which is simple and convenient.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the vibration damping bracket 5 includes a fixed plate 10 installed between two I-beams and mounting holes 11 on the fixed plate. A guide sleeve 12 is installed inside the mounting holes 11. A limit plate 13 is provided at the top of the guide sleeve 12, and the diameter of the limit plate 13 is larger than the diameter of the mounting holes 11. The vibrator 6 is located inside the guide sleeve. A buffer rubber sleeve 14 is also installed on the outside of the guide sleeve 12. The wall thickness of the buffer rubber sleeve 14 is adapted to the gap between the guide sleeve and the mounting holes. A limit baffle 15 is also installed at the bottom of the guide sleeve 12 and is threaded onto the guide sleeve 12. The vibration damping bracket uses the guide sleeve and the buffer rubber sleeve in combination to prevent vibration from being transmitted to the hammer rod and affecting the tamping equipment when the vibrator vibrates.

[0022] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional coal cake tamping hammer mechanism, comprising a hammer rod and a tamping hammer plate installed at the bottom of the hammer rod, characterized in that: The hammer rod comprises two I-shaped steels, the bottoms of the two I-shaped steels are fixed on the tamping hammer plate, the top of the two I-shaped steels is fixed with an upper fixed plate, a plurality of shock absorbers are installed between the two I-shaped steels, a plurality of vibration rods are installed on the shock absorbers, a plurality of vibration rod holes are arranged on the upper fixed plate and the tamping hammer plate, the bottom of the vibration rod is located in the vibration rod hole of the tamping hammer plate, the top of the vibration rod passes through the vibration rod hole of the upper fixed plate and is provided with a lifting control plate, a lifting mechanism is installed on the lifting control plate, the vibration rod is connected with a vibration excitation controller through a wire, and the vibration rod is used for inserting into the coal material under the control of the lifting mechanism when the tamping hammer plate extrudes the coal material, and the vibration rod is controlled to vibrate at high frequency under the control of the vibration excitation controller.

2. The multi-functional coal cake rammer mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the tamping hammer plate is further provided with a plurality of conical extrusion angle hammers, the height of the conical extrusion angle hammer is 10-80 mm, and the taper angle is 30°-60°.

3. The multi-functional coal cake rammer mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The shock absorber comprises a fixed plate installed between the two I-shaped steels and a mounting hole arranged on the fixed plate, a guide sleeve is installed in the mounting hole, a limiting plate is arranged at the top of the guide sleeve, the diameter of the limiting plate is larger than that of the mounting hole, the vibration rod is located in the guide sleeve, a buffer rubber sleeve is further installed outside the guide sleeve, the wall thickness of the buffer rubber sleeve is adapted to the gap between the guide sleeve and the mounting hole, and a limiting baffle is further installed at the bottom of the guide sleeve and is threadedly connected to the guide sleeve.

4. The multi-functional coal cake rammer mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The tamping hammer plate and the I-shaped steel are provided with a reinforcing rib plate, the tamping hammer plate is provided with 2-4 rows of vibration rod holes, each row has 2-3 vibration rod holes, and the number of the vibration rods is the same as that of the vibration rod holes.

5. The multi-functional coal cake rammer mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The lifting mechanism comprises support plates installed on both sides of the upper fixed plate, an oil cylinder fixing plate is arranged on the support plate, a control oil cylinder is vertically installed on the oil cylinder fixing plate, and the piston rod of the control oil cylinder is connected to the lifting control plate.

6. The tamping method of the multifunctional coal cake tamping hammer mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The tamping hammer plate falls to tamp the coal cake, the planar part of the tamping hammer plate punches the coal material in the coal box, the extrusion angle hammer punches and extrudes the coal material, meanwhile, the vibration rod moves and vibrates under the control of the vibration excitation controller, when the tamping hammer plate is lifted, the vibration rod resets, the vibration excitation controller controls the vibration rod to stop vibrating, and the coal material in the coal box forms a high-density and high-stability coal cake under the action of the punching force, the extrusion force and the vibration force.

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