Anti-sticking crusher

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of coal sampling and sample preparation equipment, in particular to an anti-sticking crusher which comprises a crusher shell, a rotor assembly, a rotor driving device and a pear-shaped hammer head, the rotor assembly is mounted at the central position in the crusher shell through a bearing and is driven by the rotor driving device; the pear-shaped hammer head is arranged on the rotor assembly and is driven by the rotor assembly to rotate; the pear-shaped hammer head comprises a hammer head main body; the hammer body is of a pear-shaped structure, the top of the hammer body is designed to be in a smooth arc shape, and the bottom of the hammer body is gradually narrowed towards the center line of the hammer body; the front face of the hammer head body is a pear-shaped front tangent plane, the front tangent plane penetrates from the top to the bottom, and the side contour line of the front tangent plane is in a double-cosine curve type arc shape. According to the utility model, the uniquely designed pear-shaped hammerhead is adopted, so that the problem of material adhesion of the hammerhead is effectively solved, the uniform granularity of a coal sample is ensured, the finally obtained coal sample can more accurately reflect the real quality of coal, the whole structure is compact, the stability is high, and efficient coal briquette crushing is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of coal sampling equipment, specifically to an anti-sticking crusher. Background Technology

[0002] In the coal sampling process, the crusher plays a crucial role in breaking large coal blocks into samples that meet particle size requirements. Its performance directly affects the quality of the coal sample, thus influencing the accuracy of various coal indicator test results. However, crushers currently on the market generally suffer from material sticking when processing coal blocks, severely hindering the efficient implementation of coal sampling.

[0003] When coal lumps have high moisture content or contain a large amount of sticky substances, these substances easily adhere to the crusher hammers. When crushing sticky coal lumps, the moisture and sticky components cause some material to adhere to the hammers after impact. As the amount of adhered material increases, the weight distribution on the hammers becomes uneven, leading to severe vibrations during crusher operation. This not only affects the crushing effect but may also damage the mechanical structure of the equipment, shortening its service life. The problem of material sticking to the crusher hammers also negatively impacts coal quality testing results. Due to material accumulation and adhesion, different batches of coal samples experience inconsistent degrees of crushing during the crushing process, making the collected samples unable to accurately represent the true quality of the coal, resulting in biased test results. Furthermore, the maintenance costs of existing crushers are high. Frequent material sticking issues require frequent shutdowns for cleaning and maintenance, increasing labor and equipment repair costs.

[0004] In summary, the existing crushers suffer from hammerhead sticking when processing wet, sticky coal, which severely impacts the efficiency and quality of coal sampling and preparation, and increases equipment maintenance costs and operational risks. Therefore, it is necessary to design an anti-sticking crusher that can effectively solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and to propose the design of an anti-sticking crusher to solve the problem that the hammerhead of the existing crusher is prone to sticking when processing wet or sticky coal blocks.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] An anti-sticking crusher includes a crusher housing, a rotor assembly, a rotor drive device, and pear-shaped hammers. The rotor assembly is mounted on the center of the crusher housing via bearings and is driven by the rotor drive device to achieve high-speed rotation. The pear-shaped hammers are mounted on the rotor assembly and are driven to rotate by the rotor assembly. The pear-shaped hammers include a hammer body. The hammer body has a pear-shaped structure with a smooth arc-shaped top. When the arc-shaped top contacts the material, it can effectively disperse the impact force and prevent the hammer from being damaged due to excessive local stress. The bottom of the hammer body is oriented towards the center of the hammer body. The gradually narrowing line guides the material flow, improving crushing efficiency and material discharge speed, and reducing the material's residence time around the hammerhead. The front of the hammerhead body has a pear-shaped tangent, which runs from top to bottom. The side contour of the tangent is an arc in the form of a double cosine curve. The double cosine curve tangent generates relative motion with the material, thereby applying shear force to the material. This not only efficiently crushes the material but also causes it to fall off during rotation due to the shear force. The material is difficult to form a stable adhesion on the hammerhead, solving the problem of material sticking to the hammerhead.

[0008] Furthermore, the surface of the hammerhead body is coated with an anti-stick coating to further prevent the hammerhead from sticking to materials when crushing sticky materials.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle between the double cosine curve arc and the center line of the hammer head body is the chord-perpendicular angle, which ranges from 15° to 60°.

[0010] Furthermore, the chord angle is 30° or 45°.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotor assembly includes a main shaft, bearing housing, driven pulley, rotor flange, rotor, and rotor disc, spacers, optical shaft, and multiple pear-shaped hammers mounted on the rotor. The main shaft is mounted on the bearing housing via bearings, and the bearing housing is fixed to the crusher housing via the rotor flange. The main shaft can rotate relative to the crusher housing. One end of the main shaft is fixed to the driven pulley, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotor. The rotor disc is mounted on the rotor, and the optical shaft is evenly distributed on the rotor disc and parallel to the main shaft. Multiple pear-shaped hammers are provided, fitted onto the optical shaft, and fixed to the optical shaft via spacers. The multiple pear-shaped hammers are evenly mounted on the rotor assembly, and as the rotor rotates, they impact and crush the sample entering the crusher.

[0012] Furthermore, the top of the hammer head body is provided with a mounting hole, and a shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve is installed in the mounting hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve is made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) material.

[0014] Furthermore, the motor output shaft of the rotor drive device is equipped with a drive pulley, which is connected to the driven pulley on the main shaft via a belt. The driven pulley rotates under the action of the rotor drive device and the belt, thereby driving the rotor to rotate at high speed, so as to realize the impact crushing of the coal block by the pear-shaped hammer.

[0015] Furthermore, the crusher housing has a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom.

[0016] Technical effects of this utility model:

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model presents an anti-sticking crusher with a unique pear-shaped hammerhead featuring a smooth top, double cosine curve sides, and a gradually narrowing bottom. This effectively solves the problem of material sticking to the hammerhead, ensuring uniform coal sample particle size and enabling the final coal sample to more accurately reflect the true quality of the coal, providing a reliable basis for subsequent coal quality analysis. This utility model also features a compact overall structure, high stability, reduced maintenance costs, and efficient coal crushing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the anti-sticking material crusher of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor assembly structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the rotor, rotor disc, spacer, optical shaft, and pear-shaped hammerhead of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the pear-shaped hammerhead of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the front view of the pear-shaped hammerhead of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a left view of the pear-shaped hammerhead of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 7 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a top view of the pear-shaped hammerhead of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram, 1. Crusher housing; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Discharge outlet; 13. Mounting base; 14. Observation door; 2. Rotor assembly; 21. Main shaft; 22. Bearing housing; 23. Driven pulley; 24. Rotor flange; 25. Rotor; 251. Rotor disc; 252. Spacer; 253. Optical shaft; 254. Pear-shaped hammer; 2541. Hammer body; 2542. Cross section; 2543. Mounting hole; 2544. Shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve; 2545. Anti-stick coating; 3. Rotor drive unit; 4. Belt. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the anti-sticking crusher involved in this embodiment includes a crusher housing 1, a rotor assembly 2, a rotor drive device 3, and a mounting base 13.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the crusher housing 1 serves as the outer shell of the entire equipment, providing protection and support for the internal components. The top of the crusher housing 1 has a feed inlet 11 for sample entry; the end of the crusher housing 1 has an observation door 14 for easy observation of the crushing process and convenient maintenance; the bottom has a discharge outlet 12 for discharging the crushed sample; and the bottom of the crusher housing 1 has a mounting base 13 to ensure the stability of the crusher during operation.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the rotor assembly 2 is the power transmission and crushing execution component of the crusher. It is mounted at the center of the crusher housing 1 via bearings, enabling high-speed rotation. The rotor assembly 2 includes a main shaft 21, a bearing housing 22, a driven pulley 23, a rotor flange 24, a rotor 25, and a rotor disc 251, a spacer 252, a smooth shaft 253, and multiple pear-shaped hammers 254 mounted on the rotor 25. The main shaft 21 is mounted on the bearing housing 22 via bearings, and the bearing housing 22 is fixed to the crusher housing 1 via the rotor flange 24. The main shaft 21 can rotate relative to the crusher housing 1. One end of the main shaft 21 is fixed to the driven pulley 23, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotor 25. The rotor disk 251 is mounted on the rotor 25, and the optical shafts 253 are evenly distributed on the rotor disk 251 and parallel to the main shaft 21. Multiple pear-shaped hammers 254 are provided, fitted onto the optical shafts 253 and fixed to them by spacers 252. These pear-shaped hammers 254 are evenly mounted on the rotor assembly 2, and as the rotor 25 rotates, they impact and crush the sample entering the crusher. Preferably, the rotor disks 251 are arranged in groups of four and are all in a plum blossom shape, with the optical shafts 253 fixed between the four rotor disks 251.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the rotor drive device 3 is mounted on the mounting base 13, and its motor output shaft is equipped with a drive pulley. The drive pulley is connected to the driven pulley 23 on the main shaft 21 via a belt 4. The motor of the rotor drive device 3 drives the rotation of the drive pulley, which in turn drives the rotation of the driven pulley 23. The driven pulley 23 is connected to the rotor assembly 2 and drives the rotor 25 to rotate. Under the action of the rotor drive device 3, the rotor 25 can achieve high-speed rotation, thereby driving the pear-shaped hammer 254 to impact and crush the coal block.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the pear-shaped hammerhead 254 includes a hammerhead body 2541, a tangential surface 2542, a mounting hole 2543, a shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve 2544, and an anti-stick coating 2545. The hammerhead body 2541 has a pear-shaped structure. The top of the hammerhead body 2541 is designed with a smooth arc shape. When the arc-shaped top comes into contact with the material, it can effectively disperse the impact force, avoid damage to the hammerhead due to excessive local stress, and make the hammerhead more evenly stressed during the crushing process. The bottom of the hammerhead body 2541 gradually narrows to form a pear-shaped structure. This structure can cleverly guide the material to flow in a specific direction during crushing operations, greatly improving crushing efficiency and material discharge speed, and reducing the residence time of material around the hammerhead.

[0034] like Figure 4-8As shown, the front of the hammerhead body 2541 is a pear-shaped sectional surface 2542, which extends from the top to the bottom. The side contour of the sectional surface 2542 is an arc in the form of a double cosine curve, ensuring no dead angle in contact between the hammerhead and the material. The pear-shaped structure of the hammerhead body 1 and the double cosine curve of the side contour of the sectional surface 2 first provide initial impact and guidance to the material, causing it to gather in the area where the hammerhead sectional surface 2 is located. Then, the sectional surface 2 performs powerful shearing and crushing on the material, cutting it into smaller fragments. The angle between the double cosine curve and the centerline of the hammerhead body 2541 is the chord-perpendicular angle, which ranges from 15° to 60°, and is preferably 30° in this embodiment. When the pear-shaped hammer 254 is mounted on the rotor 25 and rotates at high speed, relative motion occurs between the tangential surface 2542 and the material, thereby applying shear force to the material. In this shearing crushing mode, the material is gradually cut and torn. Compared with the traditional simple impact crushing method, it can more efficiently destroy the structural integrity of the material, making the material easier to crush into fine particles. For example, when crushing coal, the tangential surface 2542 can cut into the coal block like a sharp blade, breaking it down into smaller fragments. Compared with traditional impact crushing, this shearing crushing method can more deeply destroy the internal structure of the coal, making it easier to crush the coal into particle sizes that meet the requirements for sampling. At the same time, due to the continuous action of the shear force, the material is difficult to form a stable adhesion on the pear-shaped hammer 254. Even if a small amount of material temporarily adheres, it will fall off due to the shear force during subsequent rotation, effectively solving the problem of material sticking.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the hammerhead body 2541 is coated with an anti-stick coating 2545. The anti-stick coating 2545 is made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), which possesses high mechanical strength, high temperature resistance, impact resistance, flame retardancy, acid and alkali resistance, hydrolysis resistance, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, radiation resistance, and excellent electrical properties. It also has an extremely low coefficient of friction and excellent surface properties, and is firmly adhered to the hammerhead surface through a thermal spraying process. When materials come into contact with the hammerhead coated with the anti-stick coating 2545, due to the low surface energy of the coating, the materials are difficult to wet and adhere to its surface, thus effectively reducing material adhesion.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, the hammerhead body 2541 has a mounting hole 2543 at its top for precisely mounting the pear-shaped hammerhead 254 onto the rotor 25 of the crusher. A shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve 2544 is installed inside the mounting hole 2543 to reduce the rigid impact between the pear-shaped hammerhead 254 and the rotor. The shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve 2544 is made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), which has high strength, impact resistance, and high wear resistance, effectively absorbing the impact force and frictional loss caused by continuous oscillation of the pear-shaped hammerhead 254 during operation. The inner diameter of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 4 is interference-fitted with the shaft of the mounting hole 2543, ensuring that the shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve 2544 will not loosen after installation and can stably perform a buffering and shock-absorbing function when the pear-shaped hammerhead 254 is working. When the pear-shaped hammerhead 254 is impacted, the impact force is first transmitted to the shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve 2544. The shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve 2544 absorbs part of the energy through its own deformation, converting the impact force into elastic potential energy. Subsequently, the shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve 2544 slowly releases the stored energy through its own elastic recovery characteristics, thereby significantly reducing the rigid impact between the pear-shaped hammerhead 254 and the rotor 25, reducing wear, noise, and vibration of the pear-shaped hammerhead 254 and the rotor 25, and effectively extending the service life of the equipment. As a preferred embodiment, the hammerhead body 2541 is made of high-manganese steel wear-resistant alloy material. When the hammerhead body 2541 is impacted, its surface undergoes work hardening, significantly increasing its hardness, thus possessing excellent wear resistance and impact resistance.

[0037] This invention features a uniquely designed pear-shaped hammerhead 254 and an anti-stick polyetheretherketone (PEEK) coating, which fundamentally prevents material sticking to the hammerhead and improves the accuracy of sampling. This invention effectively solves the problems of material blockage and sticking to the hammerhead, allowing the final coal sample to more accurately reflect the true quality of the coal, providing a reliable basis for subsequent coal quality analysis. The design of the mounting base 13 enhances the stability of the equipment, while the shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve 2544 reduces vibration and noise, extends the service life of the equipment, and lowers maintenance costs.

[0038] The above-described specific embodiments are merely specific examples of this utility model. The patent protection scope of this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the above-described specific embodiments. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by a person skilled in the art that conform to the claims of this utility model should fall within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A non-sticking material crusher, characterized in that, The device includes a crusher housing, a rotor assembly, a rotor drive unit, and a pear-shaped hammer. The rotor assembly is mounted on the center of the crusher housing via bearings and is driven by the rotor drive unit. The pear-shaped hammer is mounted on the rotor assembly and rotated by the rotor assembly. The pear-shaped hammer includes a hammer body. The hammer body has a pear-shaped structure with a smooth arc at the top and gradually narrows towards the centerline of the hammer body at the bottom. The front of the hammer body is a pear-shaped tangent, which runs from the top to the bottom, and the side profile of the tangent is an arc in the form of a double cosine curve.

2. The anti-sticking crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the hammerhead body is coated with an anti-stick coating.

3. The anti-sticking crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the double cosine curve arc and the center line of the hammer body is the chord-perpendicular angle, which ranges from 15° to 60°.

4. The anti-sticking crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that, The chord angle is 30° or 45°.

5. The anti-sticking crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor assembly includes a main shaft, bearing housing, driven pulley, rotor flange, rotor, and rotor discs, spacers, optical shafts, and multiple pear-shaped hammers mounted on the rotor. The main shaft is mounted on the bearing housing via bearings, and the bearing housing is fixed to the crusher housing via the rotor flange. One end of the main shaft is fixed to the driven pulley, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotor. The rotor disc is mounted on the rotor, and the optical shafts are evenly distributed on the rotor discs and parallel to the main shaft. Multiple pear-shaped hammers are provided, fitted onto the optical shafts, and fixed to the optical shafts via spacers.

6. The anti-sticking crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hammerhead body has a mounting hole at its top, and a shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve is installed in the mounting hole.

7. The anti-sticking crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing and wear-resistant sleeve is made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK).

8. The anti-sticking crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that, The motor output shaft of the rotor drive device is equipped with a drive pulley, which is connected to the driven pulley on the main shaft via a belt.

9. The anti-sticking crusher according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The crusher casing has a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom.

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