An alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a full-face tunnel boring machine passing through a station

Abstract

The present invention provides an alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a tunneling machine to pass through a station, which includes an upper support frame, a wheel train frame and a nylon wheel set; the wheel train frame includes a frame, an intermediate combined frame and a rotating shaft. The bottom of the frame is provided with a nylon wheel set, and the frame is connected to the intermediate combined frame through the rotating shaft, and the two can rotate around the rotating shaft with a ±8° rotation space; the upper support frame is arranged on the top of the intermediate combined frame, and the upper support frame is provided with a track for carrying the rear supporting wheels. The present invention replaces the steel wheels in the rear supporting equipment with a special alternative trolley for the whole machine to pass through the station, directly rolls on the ground in the station, and carries the rear supporting equipment and the main machine forward together, saving 12 - 20 days compared with the existing station passing method, effectively shortening the entire construction period, and also saving a large amount of manpower and material resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunneling machines, and particularly to a replacement trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a whole tunneling machine for passing through a station. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel boring machine is a machine used for underground tunnel excavation. It is a complete set of tunneling equipment integrating excavation, support, and mucking, and is known as the "aircraft carrier" and "king of tunneling machines" of construction machinery. The rear supporting equipment of a tunneling machine is generally composed of about a dozen trailer carriages with grooved steel wheels, which can be connected and disassembled. When the main tunneling machine is tunneling in a tunnel, two rows of steel rails are intermittently laid on the bottom of the tunnel that has been built behind the main machine, and the rear supporting equipment is towed by the main machine to roll forward on the steel rails for a flow-line operation. Usually, the height of the steel rails from the bottom surface of the outer circle of the main tunneling machine is about 1000 - 1400 mm, that is, there is a step between the steel rails and the bottom surface of the main machine.

[0003] In the prior art, when a tunneling machine needs to pass through an already excavated station and continue to tunnel forward, generally, the following two methods are adopted for pushing through the station empty: One method is to disassemble the rear supporting part from the main machine and pass through the station separately before and after. After disassembly, the main machine is first pushed onto a special rack placed on the upper part of steel rails or steel plates on the ground, and then oil cylinders are used to push against a series of evenly distributed horizontal tunnels excavated on the ground to push the special rack. The rack carries the main machine and gradually slides on the steel rails or steel plates coated with grease. The distance advanced each time is about the stroke of the pushing oil cylinder. After reaching the opposite side (generally, the empty pushing distance through the station is about 300 m), the steel rails or steel plates on the ground in the station and the special rack are removed, and then two rows of steel rails with the same height as the original are continuously laid on the steel stirrups erected at equal distances on the ground until reaching the rear of the main machine. After that, two battery cars are used to push the rear supporting carriages over and dock them with the main machine, and the pipelines of the machine, electricity, and hydraulics are reconnected and the whole machine is debugged again. After it is okay, tunneling continues. In this way, it takes at least 20 - 30 days, and it consumes a lot of manpower and material resources; Another method is to pass the whole machine through the station, that is, without disassembly and reconnection, directly using the methods of passing the main machine through the station and passing the rear supporting part through the station in the first method at the same time. Although this method saves the time for disassembly, reconnection, and debugging compared with the first method of passing through the station, the time for the whole machine to pass through the station and shift in the middle is much more than that of the former. Especially for large-tonnage and large-size tunneling machines, although the time for the whole machine to be pushed through the station empty is shortened to 15 - 25 days, nevertheless, the consumption of manpower and material resources does not decrease much.

[0004] The current fastest method for the whole tunneling machine to be pushed through the station empty is to use the newly developed hydraulic shifting device of the tunneling machine to carry the main machine and drag it forward intermittently on the track at the top of the stirrup for more than a dozen sections of the rear support. After advancing about 2.5 m, the shifting device stops, the stirrup is erected, the steel rails are extended and laid. After completion, the shifting device starts and moves forward. In this way, the whole machine is gradually pushed to the guiding platform on the opposite side of the station, the shifting device withdraws, and the tunneling machine can continue to tunnel forward. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the problem that this frequent repetition of stopping - laying tracks - starting - stopping again - laying tracks again... not only consumes a lot of time, but also damages the shifting device, the present invention proposes an alternative trolley for the rear support wheels of the whole tunneling machine to pass through the station.

[0006] Specifically, the present invention provides an alternative trolley for the rear support wheels of the whole tunneling machine to pass through the station, which is characterized in that the alternative trolley for the rear support wheels of the whole tunneling machine to pass through the station includes an upper support frame, a wheel system frame and a nylon wheel set;

[0007] The wheel system frame includes a frame, an intermediate combined frame and a rotating shaft;

[0008] The frame includes a vertically arranged load - bearing plate and steel pipes connecting the load - bearing plates. Circular holes for installing the rotating shaft are provided on the load - bearing plates; nylon wheel sets are respectively provided at both ends of the bottom of the frame;

[0009] The rotating shaft connects the frame and the intermediate combined frame; a combined disc spring and a disc spring guiding base are arranged inside the intermediate combined frame;

[0010] The disc spring guiding base is arranged on the rotating shaft, the combined disc spring is arranged on the disc spring guiding base, one end of the combined disc spring is connected to the inner side of the top of the intermediate combined frame, and the other end is connected to the rotating shaft through the disc spring guiding base;

[0011] The upper support frame includes a track, a track support, a support frame and a screw rod with a handle;

[0012] The support frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the intermediate combined frame and is provided with a screw hole matching the screw rod with a handle; the track is installed at the top of the track support, and a guiding cylinder is provided at the bottom; the screw rod with a handle abuts against the guiding cylinder upward from the bottom of the support frame through the screw hole;

[0013] The nylon wheel sets are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the wheel system frame along the track direction, used to bear the pressure of the tunneling machine and push the tunneling machine to realize the whole machine passing through the station.

[0014] Furthermore, the nylon wheel set includes a wheel axle, rolling bearings, bearing mounting brackets, steel sleeves, load-bearing cylinders, and grooved nylon wheels;

[0015] The wheel axle is connected to the vehicle frame; a plurality of the rolling bearings are respectively sleeved on both sides of the wheel axle; two of the bearing mounting brackets are respectively sleeved outside the rolling bearings on both sides, and one row of pin holes evenly distributed in a circumferential manner is provided on the outer wall of the bearing mounting brackets; one row of pin holes evenly distributed in a circumferential manner is provided at each of the two outer ends of the steel sleeve, the load-bearing cylinder is penetrated and arranged in the pin holes of the bearing mounting brackets and the steel sleeve, and protrudes beyond the outer wall of the steel sleeve; two annular grooves matching the load-bearing cylinders are provided on the inner side of the grooved nylon wheel, and the grooved nylon wheel is arranged outside the steel sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, two nylon wheel sets are coaxially arranged on the machine frame in a group; one end of the wheel axle is connected to the machine frame, and a pin slot is provided at the other end; the two wheel axles are connected by a square block provided with pin holes on both sides.

[0017] Furthermore, the replacement trolley for the rear supporting wheels of the tunnel boring machine for the whole machine to pass through the station further includes a rotatable balance frame, and the rotatable balance frame includes a guiding rolling bearing, a bearing retaining cylinder, a fixed shaft, and a bracket with a handle;

[0018] A semi-circular hole with a groove is provided at the lower end of the bracket with a handle, and the semi-circular hole with a groove is arranged on the steel pipe; an intermediate load-bearing plate is provided on the machine frame, and the groove of the semi-circular hole with a groove is sleeved on the intermediate load-bearing plate; the fixed shaft is installed at the upper end of the bracket with a handle; the guiding rolling bearing is arranged on the fixed shaft through the bearing retaining cylinder;

[0019] When the guiding rolling bearing is fixed, the top of the guiding rolling bearing abuts against the inner side of the intermediate combination frame to prevent the intermediate combination frame from rotating around the rotating shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper support frame further includes a front-end sleeve wheel frame, a rear supporting steel wheel stop rod, and a rear-end sleeve wheel frame with a rod;

[0021] Both the front-end sleeve wheel frame and the rear-end sleeve wheel frame with a rod are rectangular frames, which are respectively used to fix both ends of the rear supporting wheels; vertical guiding through holes are provided on both sides of the track bracket for the front-end sleeve wheel frame and the rear-end sleeve wheel frame with a rod to slide up and down therein;

[0022] The rear supporting steel wheel stop rod is a push rod arranged on the side of the track bracket, and the rear supporting steel wheel stop rod can be pushed between the two steel wheels of the rear supporting steel wheel.

[0023] Furthermore, the upper support frame further includes a trigger mechanism for the restraint rod;

[0024] The restraint rod trigger mechanism includes a restraint rod, a trigger block, a return spring, and a hook bracket;

[0025] One end of the restraint rod is provided with a through hole for fixing to a bolt on the track of the roadheader, and the other end is provided with a hook groove which is connected to the trigger block;

[0026] The top of the trigger block is provided with a guide post. The trigger block is arranged on the track, and the guide post protrudes above the upper surface of the track; a hook extending upward is provided at the bottom of the trigger block, and the hook cooperates with the hook groove of the restraint rod;

[0027] The hook bracket is fixed on the track bracket, and the hook is inserted upward into the slot of the hook bracket for adjusting the height of the hook;

[0028] The return spring connects the trigger block and the track bracket to maintain the position of the trigger block.

[0029] Furthermore, the upper support frame further includes a full-thread long screw and a locking nut;

[0030] The bottom of the track bracket is provided with a threaded hole matching the full-thread long screw. The support frame is provided with a smooth round hole through which the full-thread long screw passes, and the top thread of the full-thread long screw is connected to the threaded hole; two locking nuts are respectively arranged on the full-thread long screw at the top and bottom of the support frame.

[0031] Furthermore, the bottom of the support frame is provided with 4 cylindrical tubes with guide holes at the top ends. The bottoms of the cylindrical tubes are fixed to the top of the intermediate combined frame; the bottom of the track bracket is provided with 4 guide posts matching the cylindrical tubes, and the bottoms of the guide posts are arranged inside the cylindrical tubes.

[0032] Furthermore, the nylon wheel set includes a bearing outer retaining cover, a rubber sealing ring, and a bearing inner retaining cylinder;

[0033] The bearing outer retaining cover is arranged outside the rolling bearing and fixed on the bearing mounting frame;

[0034] The bearing inner retaining cylinder is sleeved on the axle and located outside the rolling bearing;

[0035] The rubber sealing ring is sleeved on the bearing inner retaining cylinder and located inside the bearing outer retaining cover to prevent water and dust from entering between the axle and the rolling bearing.

[0036] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0037] The present invention replaces the steel wheels in the post - supporting equipment with dedicated whole - machine passing - through replacement trolleys, which directly roll on the ground in the station, carry the post - supporting equipment and the main machine forward together. The whole machine reaches the guiding platform on the opposite side of the station in less than 8 hours. Immediately afterwards, it takes 2 days to erect stirrups and lay steel rails, and then unload the replacement trolleys. It takes less than 3 days in total to complete the passing - through of the station, and then continue tunneling, achieving high - efficiency whole - machine passing - through. It saves 12 - 20 days compared with the previous passing - through methods, effectively shortens the entire construction period, and can also save a large amount of manpower and material resources.

[0038] Each replacement trolley of the present invention weighs 400 kg and has a compact size. When applied on - site, no modification is required for the existing post - supporting vehicles and equipment. Moreover, one person can push it to walk and operate independently. After passing through the station, the trolley withdraws and is directly pushed outside the station, and can be reused. There is almost no hardware loss cost during passing - through, only labor cost.

[0039] The special structural design of the nylon wheel set of the replacement trolley of the present invention ensures its functions of waterproofing and dust - proofing. It is easy to disassemble and assemble, and it is convenient to replace the nylon wheels. Usually, no maintenance is required. As long as the screws and the stress cylinders are subjected to waterproof sealing treatment during the first installation and part of the lubricating oil is stored inside, in addition, it can adapt to harsh working environments with water, mud, a lot of dust, and large temperature differences on the ground. This makes the maintenance cost very low and extends the service life.

[0040] The wheel system at the lower part of the replacement trolley of the present invention has a large span, can swing back and forth, and uses disc springs, so that the trolley can adapt to uneven ground during walking, and will not be stuck and subjected to excessive pressure or tension, resulting in the distortion and deformation of the frame. At the same time, it also reduces the forward resistance. In this way, the trolley will not damage the cement ground, and the requirements for the cement ground are more relaxed, and the subgrade construction cost is lower than before. Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a replacement trolley for the post - supporting wheels of a whole - machine passing - through of a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a front view of a replacement trolley for the post - supporting wheels of a whole - machine passing - through of a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a side view of a replacement trolley for the post - supporting wheels of a whole - machine passing - through of a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the nylon wheel set in a replacement trolley for the post - supporting wheels of a whole - machine passing - through of a tunnel boring machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5It is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate combined frame in a replacement trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a tunneling machine for the whole machine to pass through a station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a rotatable balance frame in a replacement trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a tunneling machine for the whole machine to pass through a station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a restraint rod trigger mechanism in a replacement trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a tunneling machine for the whole machine to pass through a station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a replacement trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a tunneling machine for the whole machine to pass through a station provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] The corresponding names of the serial numbers in the drawings are: 1 nylon wheel set, 2 wheel system frame, 3 upper support frame, 4 restraint rod trigger mechanism, 5 front end sleeve wheel frame, 6 steel wheel stop rod, 7 rear end sleeve wheel frame with rod, 8 return spring, 9 stop rod fixing block, 10 restraint rod, 11 full-thread long screw, 12 locking nut, 13 screw rod with handle, 14 rotatable balance frame, 15 combined disc spring, 16 disc spring guide base, 17 intermediate combined frame, 18 rotating shaft, 19 side stop cylinder, 20 shaft end screw, 21 wheel axle, 22 bearing mounting frame, 23 steel sleeve, 24 grooved nylon wheel, 25 bearing outer retaining cover, 26 rubber sealing ring, 27 bearing inner retaining cylinder, 28 spacer ring, 29 rolling bearing, 30 load-bearing cylinder, 31 guiding rolling bearing, 32 bearing retaining cylinder, 33 fixed shaft, 34 bracket with handle, 35 threaded plug rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] Next, through embodiments and in combination with the attached Figure 1-8 , the technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described.

[0051] As shown in the attached Figure 1-3 , this embodiment provides a replacement trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a tunneling machine for the whole machine to pass through a station. The replacement trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a tunneling machine for the whole machine to pass through a station includes an upper support frame 3, a wheel system frame 2 and 4 nylon wheel sets 1.<>

[0052] As shown in the attached Figure 4 , the nylon wheel set 1 includes a wheel axle 21, a bearing mounting frame 22, a steel sleeve 23, a grooved nylon wheel 24, a bearing outer retaining cover 25, a rubber sealing ring 26, a bearing inner retaining cylinder 27, a spacer ring 28, a rolling bearing 29 and a load-bearing cylinder 30.

[0053] The steel sleeve 23 in the nylon wheel set 1 serves as its support. One end face is provided with 1 oil injection small hole, and the circular ring welding block in the middle functions as a reinforcing rib. Near the two outer ends, 1 row of 8 pin holes evenly distributed in a circumference is arranged respectively. A grooved nylon wheel 24 with 1 annular groove provided at each of its two ends is sleeved outside, and the 2 annular grooves are exactly opposite to the positions of the 2 rows of 8 pin holes evenly distributed. And 1 bearing mounting bracket 22 is embedded at each of its two inner ends. 1 row of 8 pin holes evenly distributed in a circumference is also arranged in each bearing mounting bracket 22, and the installation positions are exactly opposite to the 8 circular holes in the steel sleeve 23, so that the inner and outer pin holes are communicated and lead to the annular grooves of the grooved nylon wheel 24.

[0054] From each pin hole of the bearing mounting bracket 22, first fill it with butter, then put in the load-bearing cylinders 30 (a total of 16), and then insert the wheel shaft 21 into the center of the bearing mounting bracket 22, and 2 rolling bearings 29 are sleeved at each of its two ends. The outer wall of the bearing is embedded in the inner cavity of the bearing mounting bracket 22, blocking the axial movement of the load-bearing cylinders 30 placed in the circular holes around its inner wall just now. In this way, the steel sleeve 23, the grooved nylon wheel 24 and the bearing mounting bracket 22 are connected into one body through the load-bearing cylinders 30, restricting the longitudinal movement between them. At the same time, in addition to the grooved nylon wheel 24, the relative rotation in the circumference is also restricted. The butter in the pin holes and the interference fit between the steel sleeve 23 and the grooved nylon wheel 24 prevent water and dust from entering the rolling bearing 29 from the outer circumferential joint surface of the interference fit.

[0055] Each of the 2 bearing outer covers 25 blocks the outer ring of the rolling bearing 29 through 1 spacer ring 28, and each uses 1 bearing inner retaining cylinder 27 to block the inner ring of the rolling bearing 29, and the VD-shaped rubber sealing ring 26 is sleeved on the outer cylindrical surface of the bearing inner retaining cylinder 27 to play a role in end face sealing against water and dust. And slow-curing flange glue for preventing water penetration is evenly applied on the outer circle of the bearing outer cover 25, the contact surface between the bearing outer cover 25 and the bearing mounting bracket 22, and the contact surface between the bearing inner retaining cylinder 27 and the inner ring of the rolling bearing 29. Waterproof low-strength easily detachable locking sealant is applied near the head of the fastening screw for fixing the bearing outer cover 25 on the bearing mounting bracket 22. Such a structure ensures the waterproof sealability in the axial direction of the rolling bearing 29.

[0056] The overall structural layout of the nylon wheel set 1 enables it to withstand a predetermined radial pressure of 150kN. As long as the bearing is removed, the grooved nylon wheel 24, the steel sleeve 23 and the bearing mounting frame 22 can be disassembled, which is convenient for replacing the fragile but smooth grooved nylon wheel 24. At the same time, rubber sealing rings 26 are provided at the outer ends of the bearings at both ends of the steel sleeve 23 to prevent water and dust from penetrating into the bearings. In addition, the two axles of the two side-by-side nylon wheel sets 1 are connected by a square block with two pin holes that bear torque and are embedded in a square groove. The outer end steps of the two wheel axles 21 are stuck in the bearing plate of the wheel train frame 2, and the lower part is fixed circumferentially with a semicircular flange by screws. The two outer threads extending out of the frame are tightened with nuts to prevent the outer bearing plate of the wheel train frame from opening. Such a structure makes the nylon wheel set waterproof and dustproof, easy to replace and protect the ground from being damaged by rolling.

[0057] The wheel train frame 2 includes a frame, a combined disc spring 15 , a disc spring guide base 16 , an intermediate combined frame 17 , a rotating shaft 18 , a side stop cylinder 19 and an axle end screw 20 .

[0058] The frame is welded from three load-bearing plates and two steel pipes. Circular holes for installing the rotating shaft 18 are provided in the middle of the three load-bearing plates. Two flanges are provided at the front and rear ends of the upper portion of the middle load-bearing plate. A circular hole is also provided for inserting a threaded rod 35 that can block the rotation of the rotatable balance frame 14. The threaded ends of the wheel axles 21 of the two nylon wheel sets 1 in the same row extend out of the frame. A square block with two pin holes is inserted into the two middle notches, and two pins are inserted to connect the two wheel axles. The stepped end faces of the wheel axles are all stuck in the load-bearing plates of the frame 2, and the lower semi-cylindrical surface is circumferentially fixed to the lower end of the wheel train frame 2 with a semicircular flange by screws. The two outer threads extending out of the frame are fastened with nuts to prevent the outer load-bearing plates from opening.

[0059] As attached Figure 5 As shown, three groups of ribs are welded to the upper and side surfaces of the intermediate assembly frame 17, two guide holes are opened on the top plate in the middle longitudinal position, and two guide grooves with a length of L and a semicircular shape at both ends are set on the two side panels. The two groups of combined disc springs 15 are respectively inserted into the guide rods on the upper parts of the two disc spring guide bases 16, and the tops of the two guide rods are respectively inserted into the two guide holes on the top plate of the intermediate assembly frame 17. Finally, the rotating shaft 18 is inserted into the circular hole on the upper part of the wheel train frame 2 and the guide grooves on both sides of the intermediate assembly frame 17 and the circular hole at the lower part of the two disc spring guide bases 16. At the same time, the two side stop cylinders 19 are also inserted into the shaft together, so that the intermediate assembly frame 17 is clamped in the middle position, and the shaft end screws 20 are screwed into both ends of the rotating shaft 18 to prevent it from axial movement.

[0060] The intermediate combination frame 17 is connected to the vehicle frame through a rotating shaft 18. The two can rotate relative to each other around the rotating shaft with a space of ±8°. The rotating shaft 18 is axially fixed on the vehicle frame but can rotate circumferentially. The two ends of the intermediate combination frame 17 are semi-circular guide grooves with a length of L, which are used to guide the up and down movement of the rotating shaft 18. When the upper part of the intermediate combination frame is pressed downward by gravity, the combined disc spring 15 is deformed by the downward pressure of the intermediate combination frame. It moves downward along the guide rod of the base by itself. The rotating shaft 18 hardly moves, but moves upward relative to the guide groove. When the road surface is uneven and bulges, the vehicle frame is lifted upward. The rotating shaft 18 presses the disc spring guide base 16 from bottom to top. The combined disc spring 15 is compressed and deformed. The intermediate combination frame 17 hardly moves. The rotating shaft 18 lifts the vehicle frame and moves upward along the guide groove. At this time, the vehicle frame drives the nylon wheel set to simultaneously perform two kinds of movements: upward linear movement and rotational movement around the rotating shaft 18. This combined movement enables the nylon wheel set 1 to cross an obstacle (bulge) or climb a slope. When the road surface is uneven and concave, the combined disc spring 15 is less compressed and deformed and becomes longer. The rotating shaft 18 loosens the disc spring guide base 16 from top to bottom. The intermediate combination frame 17 hardly moves. The rotating shaft 18 drives the vehicle frame and moves downward along the guide groove. At this time, the vehicle frame drives the nylon wheel set 1 to simultaneously perform two kinds of movements: downward linear movement and rotational movement around the rotating shaft 18. This combined movement enables the nylon wheel set to cross an obstacle (depression) or go downhill. The magnitude of the relative rotation angle between the vehicle frame and the intermediate combination frame 17 is limited by the flange height on the intermediate load-bearing plate of the vehicle frame. The design of these mechanisms ensures that the trolley can adapt to a wider range of uneven and complex road surfaces.

[0061] As shown in the Figure 6 appendix, a rotatable balance frame 14 is provided at the rear end of the intermediate load-bearing plate of the gear train vehicle frame 2. The rotatable balance frame 14 is composed of four guide rolling bearings 31, a bearing retaining cylinder 32, a fixed shaft 33, a handle-bearing bracket 34, a threaded plug rod 35, screws and nuts, etc.

[0062] The lower end of the handle-bearing bracket 34 with a grooved semi-circular hole is sleeved on the welded steel pipe in the gear train vehicle frame 2. The bottom of the grooved semi-circular hole is sealed with a block and fastened with screws. The middle groove is sleeved on the intermediate load-bearing plate in the gear train vehicle frame 2 to prevent axial movement. At its upper part, the fixed shaft 33 passes through the handle-bearing bracket 34, four guide rolling bearings 31 and the bearing retaining cylinder 32, and both ends are fastened with nuts. When it is necessary to prevent the intermediate combination frame 17 from rotating backward, pull the handle in the handle-bearing bracket 34 to make the rotatable balance frame 14 rotate and stand up. The guide rolling bearing 31 presses against the top plate of the intermediate combination frame 17. At this time, the pin hole at the rear of the handle-bearing bracket 34 is exactly opposite to the rear end hole on the intermediate load-bearing plate. Insert the threaded plug rod 35 to the bottom and finally tighten the thread, and the rotatable balance frame 14 cannot rotate.

[0063] The rotatable balancing frame 14 is only used when guiding the rear supporting wheels to enter the upper track of the trolley. Usually, the threaded rod at the bottom is pulled out and flipped backward. When it is necessary to guide the rear supporting wheels to enter the upper track of the trolley, it is flipped forward and stood up, and the top plate of the intermediate assembly frame 17 is pushed up, and the threaded rod 35 is inserted and tightened so that the intermediate assembly frame 17 will not flip backward, and the rear supporting wheels can move forward smoothly and enter the upper track of the trolley. After completion, the threaded rod is pulled out, and the handle on the rotatable balancing frame is pulled backward with force to drive the upper rolling bearing to roll backward and detach from the top plate. The lower wheel train frame 2 of the trolley can rotate freely.

[0064] The upper support frame 3 includes a track, a track bracket, a support frame, a full-thread long screw 11, a locking nut 12, a spiral rod with a handle 13, a front end wheel frame 5, a rear matching steel wheel stop rod 6 and a rear end wheel frame 7 with a rod.

[0065] The support frame consists of front and rear crossbeams and longitudinal beams between them. Four cylindrical tubes with guide holes at their tops are located at the bottom of the support frame. The bottoms of these cylindrical tubes are fixed to the top of the intermediate assembly frame 17. The front and rear crossbeams have screw holes in the middle, each of which is threaded with a screw rod 13 with a handle. A smooth circular hole is provided in the center of the longitudinal beam for a fully threaded long screw 11 with two locknuts 12, one on each side of the longitudinal beam. The top of the support frame is equipped with a track and a track bracket. The track is mounted on top of the track bracket and is flanked by side panels extending upward from the track bracket. The bottom of the track bracket is equipped with four guide posts that match the inner walls of the cylindrical tubes, two smooth guide cylinders, and threaded holes for the fully threaded long screws 11. The upper ends of the two screw rods 13 with handles are vertically inserted into the two smooth guide cylinders at the bottom of the track bracket, supporting the track bracket. The upper ends of the fully threaded long screws 11 are screwed tightly into the threaded holes in the track bracket.

[0066] When the screw rod 13 with a handle is rotated, the track bracket can be moved up and down to change the track height and adjust the height; two large locking nuts 12 are tightened on the longitudinal beam towards each other, which can not only fix the track height position, but also allow the longitudinal beam of the support frame to bear part of the pressure from the track, thereby enhancing the rigidity of the track.

[0067] The track brackets have vertical rectangular guide holes at both the front and rear ends. The rectangular frame side panels of the front wheel frame 5 and the rear wheel frame with rod 7 are inserted into them, allowing them to slide vertically up and down. A screw is placed on each side of the hole. The tops of the two wheel frames are equipped with a dedicated push rod with a threaded front end. Two holes are set near the bottom to receive the screws on either side of the hole to fix the two wheel frames in a fully upright position. The dedicated push rods can be pushed in to tighten and buckle, and can also be loosened and pulled back to avoid blocking the movement of the subsequent steel wheel mounting frame.

[0068] At the middle position of the side plate of the track bracket, one trailing support steel wheel stop lever 6 is arranged. The trailing support steel wheel stop lever 6 includes a push rod and a handle. A stop lever fixing block 9 is connected to the handle by screws. When the middle gap between the two steel wheels is directly opposite to the steel wheel stop lever 6, push the steel wheel stop lever 6 to the bottom, put the groove of the stop lever fixing block 9 onto the screw at its lower part, and tighten the screw to prevent the steel wheel stop lever 6 from sliding out; the rear one of the two steel wheels can push the steel wheel stop lever 6 to drive the replacement trolley forward.

[0069] The upper support frame 3 can swing back and forth around the rotating shaft 18 along with the middle combined frame 17. The size of the swing angle is limited by the flange height on the upper part of the middle bearing plate in the wheel system frame 2. When the middle combined frame 17 cannot rotate, the upper support frame 3 can rotate together with the rotating shaft 18, and at the same time squeeze or loosen the combined disc spring 15 upward, that is, the front wheels are lifted or depressed to adapt to the ground, so that the wheel system can cross obstacles (including climbing slopes, going downhill and obstacles, etc.).

[0070] As shown in the appendix Figure 7 As shown, a set of check lever trigger mechanisms 4 are arranged at the bottom of the front end of the track bracket. The check lever trigger mechanisms 4 include check levers 10, trigger blocks, return springs 8 and hook brackets.

[0071] Among them, one end of the check lever 10 is provided with a through hole for fixing bolts on both sides of the tunneling machine track, and the other end is provided with a hook groove, and the hook groove is connected to the trigger block. The top of the trigger block is provided with a guide post, and the guide post protrudes above the upper surface of the track; the bottom of the trigger block is provided with a hook extending upward, and the hook cooperates with the hook groove of the check lever 10.

[0072] The hook bracket is welded on the track bracket. The hook of the trigger block is inserted upward into the slot of the hook bracket, and the height h protruding from the slot surface (h is slightly larger than the thickness of the check lever 10) is used for the check lever 10 configured for the replacement trolley to be buckled in. And three of the guide posts are inserted upward into three guide holes on the front end bottom plate of the upper part of the upper support frame 3, and the height H protruding from the upper hole end face. One return spring 8 is arranged on each side surface of the trigger block. The other end of the return spring 8 is fixed to the baffle plates on both sides of the track bracket by screws. When the trailing support steel wheels enter the track above the trolley and press down the three guide posts, overcoming the pulling force of the return spring 8, when the changed height ΔH of the guide post is greater than h, the check lever 10 is unhooked and the trolley moves forward.

[0073] As shown in the appendix Figure 8 As shown, the working principle, process and operation method of the replacement trolley in the present invention are as follows:

[0074] Install the replacement trolley according to the drawings. Store 20% lubricant in the center cavity of the nylon wheel assembly 1, or add lubricant through the oil filling hole on the end face of the wheel's steel sleeve 16. Apply grease to the four guide rods on the upper support frame 3, the three guide posts and the two hooks of the check rod trigger mechanism 4, and the inside and outside of the side panels of the front wheel frame 5 and the rear wheel frame with rod 7. Apply lubricant to the steel wheel stopper 6, the screw pair at the bottom of the upper support frame 3, the internal threads of the lock nut 12, and the threaded ends of the push rods on the front wheel frame 5 and the rear wheel frame with rod 7 to ensure low resistance and smooth movement when these components move relative to each other. Prepare two "J"-shaped supports and two round steel pipes with two "jacks".

[0075] Next, pull up the handle of the rotatable balancing frame 14 at the rear end of the trolley to rotate and stand up the rotatable balancing frame 14. The four guide rolling bearings 31 press against the top plate of the intermediate assembly frame 17. At this time, the pin hole at the front of the handle bracket 34 is facing the rear end hole on the intermediate load-bearing plate. Insert the threaded rod 35 to the bottom and finally tighten the thread. At this time, the top plate of the intermediate assembly frame 17 cannot rotate and is parallel to the ground. It is supported by the four guide rolling bearings 31 on the upper part of the rotatable balancing frame 14. This makes it easy to check the horizontal height of the track on the trolley.

[0076] Fix the rear ends of the two tie rods 10 with bolts on the two steel rails where the rear supporting steel wheels are located, and at the same time, close the two "J"-shaped supports to the end faces of the rails and fix them to the cement floor with anchor bolts, loosen the two locking nuts 12 in the full-thread long screws 11, and at the same time rotate the two handle spiral rods 13 in the replacement trolley to smoothly adjust the track height on the upper support frame 3 so that it can dock with the two rails where the rear supporting steel wheels are located. Then turn the two locking nuts 12 toward each other and lock them, completely erect the front wheel frame 5, tighten the special push rod on its upper part, and tighten the corresponding screws on the lower part to fix its height position. At the same time, completely lower the rear end wheel frame 7 with rod, and hang it by the small screws on its side, and move the special push rod on it and the middle steel wheel stop rod 6 to the same side to ensure that the steel wheel and the steel wheel mounting frame can pass without obstacle. Finally, push the trolley backward to align with the rails, and allow the check rod 10 to pass longitudinally through the trolley. The two holes at its front end engage the two hooks in the check rod trigger mechanism 4. The rear floor of the trolley is pressed against the top of the newly installed "J"-shaped support frame to prevent the front end of the trolley from tilting and tipping when the steel wheels enter the trolley. All is ready, waiting for the subsequent steel wheels to enter the upper track of the trolley.

[0077] The rear supporting steel wheels slowly enter the upper track of the trolley. Instead of the trolley, they are held by the restraining rod 10. When the steel wheel mounting bracket enters the front sleeve wheel bracket 5 and the gap between the two steel wheels is directly opposite the steel wheel stop rod 6, quickly push forward the stop rod, insert the groove of the stop rod fixing block 9 over the screw at its lower part, and tighten the screw. Almost simultaneously, quickly raise the rear sleeve wheel bracket 7 of the rod completely upward and push in its special push rod, then tighten the thread. When the steel wheels continue to roll and press on the three guide posts of the restraining rod trigger mechanism 4 on the track and the upper bottom surfaces on both sides, the two return springs 8 are stretched, the trigger mechanism 4 sinks. When the changed height of the three guide posts is greater than the thickness of the front end plate of the restraining rod 10, the restraining rod 10 is unhooked, the steel wheels stop rotating, and they drag the replacement trolley forward. The nylon wheel set 1 rolls on the cement ground. Then, following the above operations, prepare the next replacement trolley, push the trolley backward to dock with the rail, and wait for the entry of the next set of rear supporting steel wheels and the unhooking and forward movement of the trolley... Repeat such operations until all the steel wheels are completely replaced.

[0078] The rear supporting steel wheels drag the replacement trolley forward. At this time, unscrew and pull out the threaded plug rod 35, then forcefully pull the handle of the rotatable balance frame 14 at the rear end of the trolley backward. The 4 guiding rolling bearings 31 roll backward along the lower surface of the top plate of the intermediate combined frame 17 and lose contact. The rotatable balance frame 14 flips backward completely. At this time, the intermediate combined frame 17 and the wheel system frame 2 can rotate relative to each other around the rotating shaft 18. Generally speaking, when the tunnel boring machine passes through the station, more than a dozen rear supporting carriages are connected in a straight line and it is difficult for relative rotation to occur. Therefore, the intermediate combined frame 17 hardly rotates, only the wheel system frame 2 will rotate relatively and upwardly squeeze the combined disc spring 15 and cause it to be compressed and deformed: when the nylon wheel set 1 at the front or rear encounters a ground protrusion or climbs a slope, the wheel system frame 2 drives the rotating shaft 18 to upwardly squeeze the combined disc spring 15 through the disc spring guiding base 16. The rotating shaft 18 moves upward along the guiding grooves on both sides of the intermediate combined frame 17. At the same time, the wheel system frame 2 rotates upward around the rotating shaft 18, and the front row or rear row of nylon wheel sets 1 are lifted to cross the obstacle (climbing a slope or protrusion). When encountering a downhill or depression, the wheel system frame 2 drives the rotating shaft 18 to move downward, the compression deformation of the combined disc spring 15 becomes smaller, the length increases, and at the same time the wheel system frame 2 rotates downward around the rotating shaft 18, and the front row or rear row of nylon wheel sets 1 sink downward to cross the obstacle (downhill or depression). This enables the wheel system at the bottom of the trolley to well adapt to complex ground and prevents the frame from being jammed and subjected to excessive pressure or tension, resulting in bending or twisting deformation. At the same time, it also greatly reduces the resistance of the trolley when moving forward.

[0079] The rear support vehicle arrives at the opposite side and stops. When laying the stirrups and steel rails, the replacement trolley needs to gradually withdraw. Unload the vehicle with 2 prepared round steel pipes and 2 "jack": Use the 2 round steel pipes to respectively support against the bottom longitudinal beam of the rear support vehicle where the trolley to be unloaded is located, slightly lift it with the "jack", then loosen the special push rods and the steel wheel retaining rods 6 in the front-end sleeve wheel frame 5 and the rear-end sleeve wheel frame 7 with a rod, and move them all to one side so as not to block the forward movement of the trolley. At the same time, also loosen the 2 locking nuts 12, rotate the 2 screw rods 13 with handles together, slightly lower the height of the track on the upper support frame 3, push the trolley forward to withdraw, and finally lower the front-end sleeve wheel frame 5 and the rear-end sleeve wheel frame 7 with a rod completely, push their special push rods and the steel wheel retaining rods 6 to the end, fold them up, and wait to be used again when passing the station next time.

[0080] The replacement trolley for the rear support wheels of the tunnel boring machine for the whole machine to pass the station provided by the present invention can carry the main machine and tow the rear support to realize the whole machine's empty push to pass the station. It does not require laying tracks or steel plates on the ground, does not require pre-excavating reinforced concrete cross tunnels, jacking cylinders and a lot of manpower, and the continuous movement speed reaches more than 0.7 m / min. In order to save the time of laying stirrups and steel rails during the interruption of the whole machine's empty push to pass the station, a replacement trolley is needed to replace the steel wheels of the rear support vehicle during passing the station, and it can continuously move forward simultaneously on the same ground where the hydraulic displacement device travels and maintain the same height. In this way, the whole machine reaches the guiding platform on the opposite side of the station in less than 8 hours, and then spends 2 days to erect stirrups and lay steel rails, and unload the replacement trolley. It takes less than 3 days in total to complete passing the station, and then continues tunneling, realizing the whole machine's passing the station with the highest efficiency in the world, saving 12 - 20 days compared with the previous passing methods, effectively shortening the whole construction period, and also saving a large amount of manpower and material resources. At present, this technology is blank at home and abroad.

[0081] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the embodiments are not used to limit the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the content defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of a whole tunnel boring machine passing through a station, characterized in that, The replacement trolley of the trailing wheels for the whole tunneling machine to pass through the station includes an upper support frame (3), a wheel train frame (2) and a nylon wheel set (1); The wheel train frame (2) includes a frame, an intermediate combination frame (17), and a rotating shaft (18); The frame includes a vertically arranged load-bearing plate and a steel pipe connecting the load-bearing plates. Circular holes for installing the rotating shaft (18) are provided on the load-bearing plates; Nylon wheel sets (1) are respectively provided at both ends of the bottom of the frame; The rotating shaft (18) connects the frame and the intermediate combination frame (17); A combined disc spring (15) and a disc spring guiding base (16) are arranged inside the intermediate combination frame (17); The disc spring guiding base (16) is arranged on the rotating shaft (18), the combined disc spring (15) is arranged on the disc spring guiding base (16), one end of the combined disc spring (15) is connected to the inner side of the top of the intermediate combination frame (17), and the other end is connected to the rotating shaft (18) through the disc spring guiding base (16); The upper support frame (3) includes a track, a track support, a support frame and a screw rod with a handle (13); The support frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the intermediate combination frame (17) and is provided with a screw hole matching the screw rod with a handle (13); The track is installed at the top of the track support, and a guiding cylinder is provided at the bottom; The screw rod with a handle (13) abuts against the guiding cylinder upward from the bottom of the support frame through the screw hole; The nylon wheel sets (1) are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the wheel train frame (2) along the track direction, used to bear the pressure of the tunneling machine and push the tunneling machine to realize the whole machine passing through the station.

2. The alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of the tunnel boring machine for passing through the station as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The nylon wheel set (1) includes a wheel shaft (21), a rolling bearing (29), a bearing mounting frame (22), a steel sleeve (23), a load-bearing cylinder (30) and a grooved nylon wheel (24); The wheel shaft (21) is connected to the frame; A plurality of the rolling bearings (29) are respectively sleeved on both sides of the wheel shaft (21); Two of the bearing mounting frames (22) are respectively sleeved outside the rolling bearings (29) on both sides. One row of pin holes evenly distributed in a circle is provided on the outer wall of the bearing mounting frame (22); One row of pin holes evenly distributed in a circle is provided at each of the two outer ends of the steel sleeve (23). The load-bearing cylinder (30) passes through the pin holes of the bearing mounting frame (22) and the steel sleeve (23) and protrudes above the outer wall of the steel sleeve (23); Two annular grooves matching the load-bearing cylinder (30) are provided on the inner side of the grooved nylon wheel (24), and the grooved nylon wheel (24) is arranged outside the steel sleeve (23).

3. The alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of the tunnel boring machine for passing through the station as claimed in claim 2, wherein, Two nylon wheel sets (1) are coaxially arranged on the wheel train frame (2) as a group; One end of the wheel shaft (21) is connected to the wheel train frame (2), and the other end is provided with a pin slot; The two wheel shafts (21) are connected by a square block with pin holes on both sides.

4. The alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of the tunnel boring machine for passing through the station as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The replacement trolley of the rear supporting wheels for the whole tunneling machine to pass through the station further includes a rotatable balance frame (14), and the rotatable balance frame (14) includes a guiding rolling bearing (31), a bearing retaining cylinder (32), a fixed shaft (33), and a handle - carrying bracket (34); The lower end of the handle - carrying bracket (34) is provided with a grooved semi - circular hole which is arranged on the steel pipe; the wheel - system vehicle frame (2) is provided with an intermediate load - bearing plate, and the groove of the grooved semi - circular hole is sleeved on the intermediate load - bearing plate; the upper end of the handle - carrying bracket (34) is installed with the fixed shaft (33); the guiding rolling bearing (31) is arranged on the fixed shaft (33) through the bearing retaining cylinder (32); When the guiding rolling bearing (31) is fixed, the top of the guiding rolling bearing (31) abuts against the inner side of the intermediate combined frame (17) to prevent the intermediate combined frame (17) from rotating around the rotating shaft (18).

5. The alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of the whole tunneling machine passing through the station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper support frame (3) further includes a front end sleeve wheel frame (5), a rear supporting steel wheel stop bar (6), and a rod - carrying rear end sleeve wheel frame (7); Both the front end sleeve wheel frame (5) and the rod - carrying rear end sleeve wheel frame (7) are rectangular frames, which are respectively used to fix both ends of the rear supporting wheels; vertical guiding through - holes are arranged on both sides of the track support frame for the front end sleeve wheel frame (5) and the rod - carrying rear end sleeve wheel frame (7) to slide up and down therein; The rear supporting steel wheel stop bar (6) is a push rod arranged on the side of the track support frame, and the rear supporting steel wheel stop bar (6) can be pushed between the two steel wheels of the rear supporting wheels.

6. The alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of the tunnel boring machine for passing through the station as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The upper support frame (3) further includes a restraint rod triggering mechanism (4); The restraint rod triggering mechanism (4) includes a restraint rod (10), a trigger block, a return spring (8), and a hook - blocking frame; One end of the restraint rod (10) is provided with a through - hole for fixing with a bolt on the track of the tunneling machine, and the other end is provided with a hook groove which is connected with the trigger block; The top of the trigger block is provided with a guide post, the trigger block is arranged on the track, and the guide post protrudes above the upper surface of the track; the bottom of the trigger block is provided with an upward - extending hook, and the hook cooperates with the hook groove of the restraint rod (10); The hook - blocking frame is fixed on the track support frame, and the hook is inserted upward into the groove of the hook - blocking frame for adjusting the height of the hook; The return spring (8) connects the trigger block and the track support frame to maintain the position of the trigger block.

7. The alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of the tunnel boring machine for passing through the station as claimed in claim 1, wherein The upper support frame (3) further includes a full - thread long screw (11) and a locking nut (12); The bottom of the track support frame is provided with a threaded hole matching the full - thread long screw (11), the support frame is provided with a smooth round hole through which the full - thread long screw (11) passes, and the top thread of the full - thread long screw (11) is connected with the threaded hole; two locking nuts (12) are respectively arranged on the full - thread long screw (11) at the top and bottom of the support frame.

8. The alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of the whole tunneling machine passing through the station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the support frame is provided with 4 cylindrical tubes with guide holes at the top ends, and the bottom of the cylindrical tubes is fixed to the top of the intermediate combined frame (17); the bottom of the track support is provided with 4 guide posts matching the cylindrical tubes, and the bottoms of the guide posts are arranged inside the cylindrical tubes.

9. The alternative trolley for the rear supporting wheels of the whole tunneling machine passing through the station according to claim 2, wherein, The nylon wheel set (1) includes a bearing outer retaining cover (25), a rubber sealing ring (26) and a bearing inner retaining cylinder (27); The bearing outer retaining cover (25) is arranged outside the rolling bearing (29) and fixed to the bearing mounting frame (22); The bearing inner retaining cylinder (27) is sleeved on the wheel axle (21) and located outside the rolling bearing (29); The rubber sealing ring (26) is sleeved on the bearing inner retaining cylinder (27) and located inside the bearing outer retaining cover (25) for preventing water and dust from entering between the wheel axle (21) and the rolling bearing (29).

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