A novel secondary sampling device and secondary sampling method for water system sediment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of exploration geochemical technology, and in particular to a novel secondary sampling device for water system sediments and a secondary sampling method; the sampling tube, the tube walls on the left and right sides of the sampling tube are double-layer hollow walls with cavities inside, the cavity on the left tube wall of the sampling tube is an open cover cavity, and the cavity on the right tube wall of the sampling tube is a closed cover cavity, and through holes are provided at the top of the open cover cavity and the closed cover cavity. The whole process has little disturbance to the sample, no pollution, quick and convenient operation, and extremely low impact on the sample; at the same time, the front closed cover transition pull rope and the rear closed cover transition pull rope are respectively attached to the front and rear inner walls of the sampling tube, and in the process of lowering the device, the interference of the pull rope on the acquisition of the sample is effectively avoided, and complete sampling is achieved in the vertical direction, so as to obtain representative samples; through the sampling device, the sampling efficiency is high, and it can be used for large-scale secondary sampling to meet the growing demand for secondary research on secondary samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of exploration geochemistry, and in particular to a novel secondary sampling device for water system sediment sub-sampling and a sub-sampling method. Background Art

[0002] The main task of exploration geochemistry (geochemical exploration) is to reveal the distribution patterns of elements and minerals in the earth's surface through large-scale systematic collection of samples such as stream sediments and soil, and through high-precision chemical and mineral composition analysis, so as to provide basic data for mineral resource exploration, environmental protection and earth science research. Since the 1980s, China has implemented a number of large-scale geochemical mapping science programs with stream sediments as the main sampling medium, such as the National Regional Geochemical Exploration Scanning Program and the China Geochemical Benchmark Program. Since samples are time-sensitive and systematic, it is difficult to obtain them again once they are lost. Therefore, in addition to analysis and testing, samples are properly preserved and stored for a long time, forming a sample library with a large number of samples for future research. In recent years, with the continuous emergence of new analytical instruments, the demand for secondary sampling of duplicate samples has become increasingly strong;

[0003] The vertical distribution of stream sediment samples stored in sample bottles for a long time is uneven. There are two reasons for this:

[0004] First, the natural particle sizes of stream sediment samples vary greatly, and the mineral types are numerous and their densities vary. Therefore, the mineral particles in stream sediment sub-samples are highly differentiated in particle size and density. Under the action of long-term gravity, especially when subjected to turbulence, minerals and elements are very likely to have vertically differential distributions.

[0005] Second, the sample bottles for storing duplicate samples are generally not filled to the brim, and there is a considerable amount of air between the sample and the bottle cap. As the temperature changes, there is a pressure difference between the air pressure above the sample and the pressure between the mineral particles at the bottom of the sample. According to the deep penetration geochemical theory, in this case, vertical migration of elements can occur, resulting in differential vertical distribution of elements.

[0006] The traditional method for sub-sampling of water sediment samples is to pour out all the samples and use the quartering method to mix and divide the samples to ensure the representativeness of the samples; however, the sampling efficiency is low and it is easy to cause secondary pollution and unnecessary sample loss. Therefore, the traditional method is difficult to carry out large-scale secondary sampling and cannot meet the growing demand for secondary research on sub-sampling. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention is aimed at the sub-samples of water system sediment samples. Because they have the characteristic of vertical differential distribution of elements, when sampling them, it is necessary to ensure the representativeness of the samples, improve the sampling efficiency and reduce the loss. A new type of water system sediment sub-sample secondary sampling device and sub-sample sampling method are proposed to solve the above problems.

[0008] One of the schemes of the present invention is achieved in this way. A novel secondary sampling device for water system sediment sub-sampling comprises: a sampling barrel, the barrel walls on the left and right sides of the sampling barrel are double-layer hollow walls with cavities arranged therein, the cavity on the left barrel wall of the sampling barrel is an open cover cavity, and the cavity on the right barrel wall of the sampling barrel is a closed cover cavity, and through holes are arranged at the top ends of the open cover cavity and the closed cover cavity; a reversing shaft is installed at the inner bottom end of the open cover cavity, and a plate hole is arranged on the inner side wall of the sampling barrel at the lower right side of the reversing shaft; a flexible supporting slide plate matching the width of the sampling barrel and capable of sealing the bottom of the sampling barrel is arranged in the bottom of the open cover cavity, the flexible supporting slide plate passes through the reversing shaft and extends into the sampling barrel from the plate hole; a front line hole and a rear line hole are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the inner barrel wall on the right side of the sampling barrel corresponding to the horizontal position of the reversing shaft, a front horizontal reversing wheel is fixedly installed at the front end of the closed cover cavity at the front line hole, and a rear horizontal reversing wheel is fixedly installed at the rear end of the closed cover cavity at the rear line hole A rear horizontal reversing wheel is fixedly installed, and a group of wheel groups for vertical reversing are fixedly installed in the middle position of the closing cover cavity between the front horizontal reversing wheel and the rear horizontal reversing wheel, and the wheel group comprises a front pair of wheels and a rear pair of wheels, the front pair of wheels are placed front and back in parallel, and a passing gap is left between the front pair of wheels and the rear pair of wheels; a cover opening pull rope is hung on the left end of the flexible supporting slide plate, and the upper end of the cover opening pull rope passes through the through hole and is placed outside the cover opening cavity; a front cover closing transition pull rope and a rear cover closing transition pull rope are fixed on the right side of the flexible supporting slide plate, which are symmetrical front and back, and the other end of the front cover closing transition pull rope is placed in the closing cover cavity through the front line hole, the front horizontal reversing wheel, and the front pair of wheels in turn, and the other end of the rear cover closing transition pull rope is placed in the closing cover cavity through the rear line hole, the rear horizontal reversing wheel, and the rear pair of wheels in turn, the upper ends of the front cover closing transition pull rope and the rear cover closing transition pull rope are connected to the cover rope, and the upper ends of the cover closing rope pass through the through hole and are placed outside the closing cover cavity.

[0009] As a technical optimization solution of one of the schemes of the present invention, the flexible support skateboard includes at least two groups of parallel distributed flexible support units, each group of flexible support units includes a rigid support sheet and a flexible connecting sheet, and the flexible connecting sheet is coated on the outer side of the rigid support sheet; the flexible connecting sheets of adjacent flexible support units are connected by nylon sutures.

[0010] As a technical optimization solution of one of the solutions of the present invention, sealing strips are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the plate hole, and the flexible supporting slide plate extends into the sampling tube from the gap formed between the upper and lower sealing strips.

[0011] As a technical optimization solution of one of the solutions of the present invention, sealing rings are respectively arranged in the front wire hole and the rear wire hole, and threading holes are provided on the sealing rings; the transition pull rope seal of the rear closing cover passes through the threading hole of the sealing ring of the rear wire hole, and the transition pull rope seal of the front closing cover passes through the threading hole of the sealing ring of the front wire hole.

[0012] As a technical optimization solution of one of the solutions of the present invention, the top ends of the cover opening pull rope and the cover closing pull rope are fixedly connected with pull rings, and the diameters of the two pull rings are larger than the inner diameters of the two through holes.

[0013] As a technical optimization solution of one of the solutions of the present invention, hanging rods are respectively fixed on the outer left side of the opening cover cavity and the outer right side of the closing cover cavity.

[0014] The second solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: a sub-sampling method using a new type of water system sediment sub-sampling secondary sampling device, the steps are as follows:

[0015] Step 1: tighten the cover opening rope and insert the sampling tube into the water system sediment;

[0016] Step 2: Release the cover opening rope and pull the cover closing rope upward until the cover closing rope cannot be pulled;

[0017] Step three, tighten the cover drawstring, pull up the sample tube, and complete the sampling operation.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The novel water system sediment sub-sampling secondary sampling device and sub-sampling method, when in use, the sampling tube is vertically inserted into the water system sediment sub-sample, the lower port of the sampling tube is open, the vertical resistance is small, as the device goes down, the water system sediment sample enters the interior of the sampling tube, the cover closing rope is pulled to drive the front cover closing transition rope and the rear cover closing transition rope, the front cover closing transition rope pulls the front end of the flexible support slide plate along the front end inner wall of the sampling tube through the front pair of wheels, the front horizontal reversing wheel and the front line hole, the rear cover closing transition rope pulls the rear end of the flexible support slide plate along the rear end inner wall of the sampling tube through the rear pair of wheels, the rear horizontal reversing wheel and the rear line hole, and then pulls the flexible support slide plate to the right step by step The sample tube is filled with water sediment samples, and the sampling tube is lifted up to complete the sampling operation. The whole process has little disturbance to the sample, no pollution, quick and convenient operation, and extremely low impact on the sample. At the same time, the front cover transition pull rope and the rear cover transition pull rope are respectively fitted to the front and rear inner walls of the sampling tube. In the process of lowering the device, the interference of the pull rope on the sample acquisition is effectively avoided, and complete sampling is achieved in the vertical direction, thereby obtaining representative samples. The sampling device has high sampling efficiency and can be used for large-scale secondary sampling to meet the growing demand for secondary research on sub-sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3For attachment Figure 2 AA-direction cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of the cover opening action and the cover closing action of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sliding cover plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention in the sampling working state.

[0026] In the figure, sampling tube 1, opening cover cavity 2, closing cover cavity 3, through hole 4, reversing shaft 5, sealing ring 6, flexible supporting slide plate 7, rear closing cover transition pull rope 8, sealing strip 9, closing cover rope 10, front horizontal reversing wheel 11, rear horizontal reversing wheel 12, front pair of wheels 13, rear pair of wheels 14, line gap 15, opening cover pull rope 16, front closing cover transition pull rope 17, pull ring 18, hanging rod 19, closing cover pull rope 10, rigid support plate 7-1, flexible connecting plate 7-2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0029] See also Figure 1-6 , a new type of water system sediment secondary sampling device, comprising:

[0030] The sampling barrel 1 has a double-layer hollow wall with a cavity on the left and right sides of the barrel wall. The cavity on the left barrel wall of the sampling barrel 1 is an open-cover cavity 2, and the cavity on the right barrel wall of the sampling barrel 1 is a closed-cover cavity 3. Through holes 4 are provided at the tops of the open-cover cavity 2 and the closed-cover cavity 3. A reversing shaft 5 is installed at the bottom end of the open-cover cavity 2, and a plate hole is provided on the inner side wall of the sampling barrel 1 at the right bottom of the reversing shaft. A hole that matches the width of the sampling barrel 1 and can be used to remove the sampling barrel 1 is installed at the bottom of the open-cover cavity 2. 1 has a flexible support slide plate 7 with a bottom blockage, the flexible support slide plate 7 passes through the reversing shaft 5 and extends into the sampling tube 1 from the plate hole; the front and rear ends of the inner tube wall on the right side of the sampling tube 1 corresponding to the horizontal position of the reversing shaft 5 are respectively provided with a front line hole and a rear line hole, the front end of the closing cover cavity 3 at the front line hole is fixedly installed with a front horizontal reversing wheel 11, and the rear end of the closing cover cavity 3 at the rear line hole is fixedly installed with a rear horizontal reversing wheel 12, and the front horizontal reversing wheel 11 and the rear horizontal reversing wheel 12 are fixedly installed. A pair of wheels for vertical reversing are fixedly installed in the middle of the closing chamber 3 between the two sides, and the wheel pair includes a front pair of wheels 13 and a rear pair of wheels 14, which are placed in parallel front and back, and a clearance 15 is left between the front pair of wheels 13 and the rear pair of wheels 14; a cover opening pull rope 16 is suspended at the left end of the flexible support slide 7, and the upper end of the cover opening pull rope 16 passes through the through hole 4 and is placed outside the cover opening chamber 2; a front pair of wheels 13 and a rear pair of wheels 14 are fixed on the right side of the flexible support slide 7, which are symmetrical in front and back. The closing cover transition pull rope 17 and the rear closing cover transition pull rope 8, the other end of the front closing cover transition pull rope 17 is placed in the closing cover cavity 3 through the front line hole, the front horizontal reversing wheel 11, and the front pair of wheels 13 in sequence, and the other end of the rear closing cover transition pull rope 8 is placed in the closing cover cavity 3 through the rear line hole, the rear horizontal reversing wheel 12, and the rear pair of wheels 14 in sequence, the upper ends of the front closing cover transition pull rope 17 and the rear closing cover transition pull rope 8 are connected to the closing cover line rope 10, and the upper ends of the closing cover line rope 10 pass through the through hole 4 and are placed outside the closing cover cavity 3.

[0031] In this embodiment: in the standby state, the cover opening pull rope 16 is pulled, and the flexible support slide plate 7 bypasses the reversing shaft 5 and is pulled into the cover opening cavity 2 for standby;

[0032] When in use, the sampling tube 1 is vertically inserted into the water system sediment sub-sample. The lower end of the sampling tube 1 is open, and the vertical resistance is small. As the device is lowered, the water system sediment sample enters the interior of the sampling tube 1, and the cover closing rope 10 is pulled to drive the front cover transition pull rope 17 and the rear cover transition pull rope 8. The front cover transition pull rope 17 pulls the front end of the flexible support slide plate 7 along the front end inner wall of the sampling tube 1 through the front pair of wheels 13, the front horizontal reversing wheel 11 and the front line hole, and the rear cover transition pull rope 8 pulls the rear end of the flexible support slide plate 7 along the rear end inner wall of the sampling tube 1 through the rear pair of wheels 14, the rear horizontal reversing wheel 12 and the rear line hole, and then pulls the flexible support slide plate 7 to the right and gradually enters the sampling tube. 1 forms a closed space at the bottom of the interior, at which time the sampling tube 1 is filled with water sediment samples, and then the sampling tube 1 is lifted up to complete the sampling operation; the whole process has little disturbance to the sample, no pollution, quick and convenient operation, and extremely low impact on the sample; at the same time, the front cover transition pull rope 17 and the rear cover transition pull rope 8 are respectively attached to the front and rear inner walls of the sampling tube 1, and in the process of lowering the device, the interference of the pull rope on the acquisition of samples is effectively avoided, and complete sampling is achieved in the vertical direction, so as to obtain representative samples; through the sampling device, the sampling efficiency is high, and it can be used for large-scale secondary sampling to meet the increasingly strong demand for secondary research on sub-sampling.

[0033] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the flexible support slide plate 7 includes at least two groups of flexible support units distributed in parallel, each group of flexible support units includes a rigid support sheet 7-1 and a flexible connecting sheet 7-2, and the flexible connecting sheet 7-2 is covered on the outer side of the rigid support sheet 7-1; the flexible connecting sheets of adjacent flexible support units are connected by nylon stitches.

[0034] By setting up multiple groups of flexible support units, the flexible support slide plate 7 is flexible, so that it can have the freedom of bending and can move around the reversing shaft 5; at the same time, it has rigid support characteristics, and can support the sample in the sampling tube 1, so that the sampling tube 1 becomes a sampling container, and then the sample contained in the sampling tube 1 can be taken out.

[0035] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, sealing strips 9 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the plate hole, and the flexible support slide plate 7 extends into the sampling tube 1 from the gap formed between the upper and lower sealing strips 9 .

[0036] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, sealing rings 6 are respectively arranged in the front thread hole and the rear thread hole, and threading holes are provided on the sealing rings 6; the rear closing cover transition pull rope 8 seals the threading hole of the sealing ring 6 passing through the rear thread hole, and the front closing cover transition pull rope 17 seals the threading hole of the sealing ring 6 passing through the front thread hole.

[0037] The sealing strip 9 and the sealing ring 6 both play the role of port sealing, preventing water-based sediments from entering the interior of the cover opening cavity 2 and the cover closing cavity 3 from the two holes.

[0038] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, the top ends of the cover-opening pull rope 16 and the cover-closing pull rope 10 are fixedly connected with pull rings 18, and the diameters of the two pull rings 18 are larger than the inner diameters of the two through holes.

[0039] In this embodiment, the two pull rings 18 are provided to facilitate the staff to pull the cover opening pull rope 16 and the cover closing pull rope 10 to control the opening and closing of the cover.

[0040] As a technical optimization solution of the present invention, a hanging rod 19 is fixed to the left side of the outside of the cover opening cavity 2 and the right side of the outside of the cover closing cavity 3. The hanging rod 19 is used to wrap and lock the cover opening pull rope 16 and the cover closing pull rope 10, thereby realizing the control of the position of the flexible support slide plate 7; this can greatly improve the reliability and convenience of use; at the same time, freeing both hands, making it more convenient to use.

[0041] See also Figure 1-6 A sub-sampling method using a novel water system sediment sub-sampling secondary sampling device comprises:

[0042] Step 1: tighten the cover opening rope 16 and insert the sampling tube 1 into the water system sediment;

[0043] Step 2: Release the cover opening pull rope 16 and pull the cover closing rope 10 upward until the cover closing rope 10 cannot be pulled;

[0044] Step three, tighten the cover closing rope 10, remove the sample tube 1, and complete the sampling operation.

[0045] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of secondary sampling device for water system sediments, It is characterized in that include: A sampling tube (1) is provided, wherein the tube walls on the left and right sides of the sampling tube (1) are double-layer hollow walls with cavities therein, the cavity on the left tube wall of the sampling tube (1) is an opening cover cavity (2), and the cavity on the right tube wall of the sampling tube (1) is a closing cover cavity (3), and through holes (4) are provided at the top ends of the opening cover cavity (2) and the closing cover cavity (3); a reversing shaft (5) is installed at the bottom end of the opening cover cavity (2), and a plate hole is provided on the inner side wall of the sampling tube (1) at the right bottom of the reversing shaft; a hole matching the width of the sampling tube (1) and capable of transferring the sampling tube to the bottom of the opening cover cavity (2) is installed at the bottom of the opening cover cavity (2). A flexible support slide plate (7) is provided at the bottom of the cylinder (1) to block the bottom of the cylinder (1), the flexible support slide plate (7) is wound around the reversing shaft (5) and extends into the sampling cylinder (1) from the plate hole; a front line hole and a rear line hole are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the inner cylinder wall on the right side of the sampling cylinder (1) corresponding to the horizontal position of the reversing shaft (5); a front horizontal reversing wheel (11) is fixedly installed at the front end of the closing cover cavity (3) at the front line hole, and a rear horizontal reversing wheel (12) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the closing cover cavity (3) at the rear line hole, and a reversing wheel (11) is fixedly installed between the front horizontal reversing wheel (11) and the rear horizontal reversing wheel (12). A pair of wheels for vertical reversing are fixedly installed in the middle of the cover closing cavity (3) between the two sides, the pair of wheels comprising a front pair of wheels (13) and a rear pair of wheels (14), the front pair of wheels (13) and the rear pair of wheels (14) are arranged in parallel front and back, and a line clearance (15) is left between the front pair of wheels (13) and the rear pair of wheels (14); a cover opening pull rope (16) is suspended at the left end of the flexible support slide plate (7), the upper end of the cover opening pull rope (16) passes through the through hole (4) and is placed outside the cover opening cavity (2); a front closing pull rope (16) symmetrically arranged front and back is fixed on the right side of the flexible support slide plate (7) A cover transition pull rope (17) and a rear cover closing transition pull rope (8), the other end of the front cover closing transition pull rope (17) is sequentially passed through a front thread hole, a front horizontal reversing wheel (11), and a front pair of wheels (13) and placed in the cover closing cavity (3), the other end of the rear cover closing transition pull rope (8) is sequentially passed through a rear thread hole, a rear horizontal reversing wheel (12), and a rear pair of wheels (14) and placed in the cover closing cavity (3), the upper ends of the front cover closing transition pull rope (17) and the rear cover closing transition pull rope (8) are connected to the cover closing cord (10), and the upper ends of the cover closing cord (10) pass through the through hole and are placed outside the cover closing cavity (3).

2. A novel secondary sampling device for water system sediment according to claim 1, Features: The flexible support slide plate (7) comprises at least two groups of flexible support units distributed in parallel, each group of flexible support units comprises a rigid support sheet (7-1) and a flexible connection sheet (7-2), the flexible connection sheet (7-2) being wrapped around the outside of the rigid support sheet (7-1); the flexible connection sheets of adjacent flexible support units are connected by nylon stitching.

3. A novel water system sediment secondary sampling device according to claim 1 or 2, Features: Sealing strips (9) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the plate hole, and the flexible supporting slide plate (7) extends into the sampling tube (1) through a gap formed between the upper and lower sealing strips (9).

4. A novel water system sediment secondary sampling device according to claim 1 or 2, Features: A sealing ring (6) is provided in the front thread hole and the rear thread hole, respectively, and a threading hole is provided on the sealing ring (6); a rear cover transition drawstring (8) seals and passes through the threading hole of the sealing ring (6) in the rear thread hole, and a front cover transition drawstring (17) seals and passes through the threading hole of the sealing ring (6) in the front thread hole.

5. A novel secondary sampling device for water system sediment according to claim 3, Features: A sealing ring (6) is provided in the front thread hole and the rear thread hole, respectively, and a threading hole is provided on the sealing ring (6); a rear cover transition drawstring (8) seals and passes through the threading hole of the sealing ring (6) in the rear thread hole, and a front cover transition drawstring (17) seals and passes through the threading hole of the sealing ring (6) in the front thread hole.

6. A novel secondary sampling device for water system sediment according to claim 1, 2 or 5, Features: The top ends of the cover opening pull rope (16) and the cover closing rope (10) are both fixedly connected with pull rings (18), and the diameters of the two pull rings (18) are both larger than the inner diameters of the two through holes.

7. A novel secondary sampling device for water system sediment according to claims 1-6, Features: A hanging rod (19) is fixed to the outer left side of the opening cover cavity (2) and the outer right side of the closing cover cavity (3), respectively.

8. A method for taking a sub-sample using the novel water system sediment sub-sample secondary sampling device according to claims 1 to 7, the steps of which are as follows: Step 1: tighten the cover opening rope (16) and insert the sampling tube (1) into the water system sediment; Step 2, releasing the cover opening pull rope (16), and pulling the cover closing rope (10) upwards until the cover closing rope (10) cannot be pulled; Step 3: tighten the cover closing rope (10), remove the sample tube (1), and complete the sampling operation.

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