A sensor for collecting electromagnetic sound information during launching of an electromagnetic cannon and a detection method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a sensor for collecting electromagnetic sound information during launching of an electromagnetic gun and a detection method thereof. The sensor comprises an electromagnetic sound detection sensor coil (11) and a permanent magnet (20). The electromagnetic sound detection sensor coil (11) is arranged in a stacked mode with the permanent magnet (20) in an up-down structure. The coil is arranged on a detection surface close to a detection object. The electromagnetic sound detection sensor coil (11) further comprises an exposed wire segment as an antenna (12) for detecting and extracting spatial electromagnetic information. The spatial electromagnetic signal detected by the antenna (12) and the electromagnetic sound signal detected by the electromagnetic sound detection sensor coil (11) are comprehensively analyzed by a spectrum analyzer to determine the change of the electromagnetic gun track surface. The track of the electromagnetic gun can be detected and evaluated while the electromagnetic gun is launching a projectile. Through comparison and analysis of data, it can be determined whether the next projectile can be launched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nondestructive testing technology, specifically to a technical solution for nondestructive testing of electromagnetic railgun tracks by integrating electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals collected during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun, and particularly to a sensor and its detection method for collecting electromagnetic acoustic information during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun. Background Technology

[0002] Electromagnetic railguns utilize the powerful Ampere force to propel an armature and launch a projectile. Currently, the main challenges to the practical application of electromagnetic railguns are safety and lifespan. The powerful instantaneous electromagnetic force and extremely high current between the rails, along with the rapidly accelerating metal projectile within the barrel, can severely impact the railgun itself. This includes barrel deformation, rail wear and cracking, melting of the rails or inner walls, and aluminum buildup. When these damages reach a certain level, they can destroy the electromagnetic railgun, potentially leading to serious safety accidents, equipment damage, and even casualties. Monitoring the deformation and overall condition of the electromagnetic railgun is crucial in its development and use. Furthermore, the extremely powerful surge current and electromagnetic field generated during launch make some conventional sensors unusable.

[0003] To address the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention adopts the following technical solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sensor and its detection method for collecting electromagnetic acoustic information during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun, for monitoring the working status and overall condition of the railgun. The disclosed technical solution is as follows:

[0005] An integrated sensor for collecting electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals during the firing of an electromagnetic gun includes an electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) and a permanent magnet (20). The electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) and the permanent magnet (20) are stacked vertically, with the coil positioned on the detection surface close to the object being detected. The electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) further includes an exposed line segment used to detect and extract spatial electromagnetic information as an antenna (12).

[0006] The spatial electromagnetic signal detected by the antenna (12) and the electromagnetic acoustic signal detected by the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) are combined for spectrum analysis and time-domain analysis to determine the changes in the surface of the electromagnetic gun track. From the perspective of electromagnetic non-destructive testing, considering that the electromagnetic gun actively emits a strong electromagnetic field during use, the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) uses the electromagnetic acoustic principle to generate an ultrasonic signal from this electromagnetic field. An exposed line segment is added outside each coil of the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) as an antenna for detecting and extracting spatial electromagnetic information. Thus, the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) forms a sensor group that receives ultrasonic and electromagnetic signals. By combining and analyzing the two types of detection signal data, the gun body and track of the electromagnetic gun can be detected and evaluated at the same time as the electromagnetic gun fires the projectile. Through comparative analysis of the data, the integrity of the electromagnetic gun can be evaluated, and then a decision can be made on whether to fire the next projectile.

[0007] Furthermore, the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) and the antenna (12) are two parts of the same coil (10), with the middle ground end (111) as the dividing point. The part stacked below the permanent magnet (20) serves as the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) for receiving electromagnetic acoustic signals, while the part exposed to the external space serves as the antenna (12) for receiving electromagnetic signals in the external space.

[0008] Furthermore, the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) simultaneously receives electromagnetic ultrasonic signals generated by the electromagnetic field when the electromagnetic gun is fired, as well as circumferential and radial associated mechanical acoustic vibration information generated by the strong electromagnetic force and high-speed friction of the projectile during the ejection of the electromagnetic gun.

[0009] Furthermore, the antenna (12) picks up the electromagnetic signals radiated into the air by the residual energy leaking out when the electromagnetic gun is fired.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a combination of multiple sets of electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coils (11) and antennas (12) to form a sensor group.

[0011] Furthermore, the coil (10) is configured as a planar square coil, with one half of the coil (10) exposed to the permanent magnet to form an antenna (12), and the other half encapsulated within the permanent magnet to form an electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) and assembly. Encapsulating the same coil into a single sensor not only facilitates the sensor manufacturing process but also makes it simpler and easier to install the sensor on the surface of the electromagnetic railgun for detection.

[0012] Furthermore, the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) formed by multiple coils (10) of different widths and densities and the antenna (12) are combined to form a detection sensor array. The coils (10) can be formed by winding or etching onto a circuit board, or by forming multiple superimposed coils, which are then encapsulated in a housing (13) to form a detection sensor. A wear-resistant sheet (14) is added to one side of the detection surface that contacts the electromagnetic railgun, which is more conducive to the adsorption, installation, and wear resistance of the sensor.

[0013] This invention also discloses a method for detecting electromagnetic acoustic information during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun. The method is characterized by using the aforementioned detection sensor to collect integrated electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals, as well as radio electromagnetic wave signals, and performing comprehensive spectrum analysis to assess the damage and changes in the railgun's trajectory during firing. The specific method steps are as follows:

[0014] a. Detection sensor activation: The signal at the instant the electromagnetic gun fires activates the power switch of the detection sensor;

[0015] b. Real-time detection: Electromagnetic acoustic signals and spatial electromagnetic signals are detected in real time by combining an electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil and an antenna.

[0016] c. Detection data storage and analysis: Record and store the detection signal data, and perform spectrum analysis on the detected electromagnetic acoustic signals and spatial electromagnetic signals.

[0017] Furthermore, the sensor activation signal in step a is set to detect the energization signal of the guide rail when the electromagnetic gun is fired. When the electromagnetic gun is fired, the rail, acting as a conductor, is energized. Detecting the energized signal of the rail activates the sensor, putting it into operation.

[0018] Furthermore, the detection data analysis includes comparing and evaluating changes in the track surface by comparing data from two or more consecutive detections.

[0019] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. From the perspective of non-destructive testing, the present invention addresses the issue that electromagnetic guns can actively emit electromagnetic and acoustic physical information during use. By arranging relevant sensors around the gun body and along its length, synchronous electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals are integrated to indirectly assess its structural health status. In particular, the acquisition of circumferential and radial mechanical acoustic vibration information is crucial. 2. The present invention uses the principle of electromagnetic acoustic sensors to form a sensor group, and adds an exposed line segment outside each coil as an antenna for detecting spatial electromagnetic information. Thus, the electromagnetic acoustic sensor matrix, which picks up spatial electromagnetic information, is fixed at pre-designed positions in the circumferential and radial directions of the gun body. Within milliseconds of startup, it detects / monitors the relevant integrated electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals and quickly compares them with the data expected during normal firing of the electromagnetic gun, thereby determining whether to fire the next shell. Third, this invention divides the detection coil into two parts, with the middle grounding end as the dividing point. The part exposed to the external space is set as an antenna to receive electromagnetic signals in the external space, and the internally encapsulated part serves as a sensor for detecting electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals, forming a simple and easy-to-manufacture detection device structure that is more conducive to processing and manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the detection device structure according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detection sensor structure according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection sensor structure according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detection sensor structure according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detection sensor structure according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the usage state of the detection device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, an integrated sensor for collecting electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun is disclosed. This sensor 1 is used as a detection sensor on the electromagnetic railgun guide rail 3. It is connected to a detection instrument 2 via wired or wireless means. The detection instrument typically has a spectrum analysis function with data analysis and processing programs. The detection sensor 1 includes an electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil 11 and a permanent magnet 20. The electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil 11 and the permanent magnet 20 are stacked vertically. The coil is positioned near the detection surface of the object being detected. The electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil 11 is characterized by further including an exposed line segment used as an antenna 12 for detecting and extracting spatial electromagnetic information.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the spatial electromagnetic signal detected by antenna 12 is combined with the electromagnetic acoustic signal detected by electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil 11. The signal changes are analyzed by a spectrum analyzer to determine the changes on the surface of the electromagnetic gun track. From the perspective of electromagnetic non-destructive testing, considering that the electromagnetic gun actively emits a strong electromagnetic field during use, the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) uses the electromagnetic acoustic principle to generate an ultrasonic signal from this electromagnetic field. An exposed line segment is added to each coil of the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) as an antenna for detecting and extracting spatial electromagnetic information. By combining and analyzing the two detection signal data, the gun body and track of the electromagnetic gun can be detected and evaluated at the same time as the electromagnetic gun fires the projectile. Through comparative analysis of the data, the integrity of the electromagnetic gun is evaluated, and then it is determined whether the next projectile can be fired.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil 11 and antenna 12 are two parts of the same coil 10, with the grounding terminal 111 in the middle serving as the dividing point. The part stacked below the permanent magnet 20 serves as the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil 11 for receiving electromagnetic acoustic signals, while the part exposed to the external space serves as the antenna 12 for receiving electromagnetic signals from the external space. The electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil 11 simultaneously receives the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals generated by the electromagnetic field during the launch of the electromagnetic gun, as well as the circumferential and radial associated mechanical acoustic vibration information generated by the strong electromagnetic force and high-speed friction of the projectile during launch. The antenna 12 picks up the electromagnetic signals radiated into the air by the residual energy leaked during the launch of the electromagnetic gun.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the sensor is a sensor group consisting of multiple sets of electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coils 11 and antennas 12.

[0031] like Figure 4As shown, coil 10 is configured as a planar square coil, with one half of coil 10 exposed above the permanent magnet to form antenna 12, and the other half encapsulated within the permanent magnet to form electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil 11 and its assembly. Encapsulating the same coil into a single sensor not only simplifies the sensor manufacturing process but also makes it easier and more convenient to mount the sensor on the surface of the electromagnetic railgun for detection.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, multiple coils 10 of different widths and densities form an electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil 11, which, combined with an antenna 12, forms a detection sensor array. The coils 10 can be formed by winding wire, etching onto a circuit board, or by forming multiple stacked coils, which are then encapsulated in a housing 13 to form the detection sensor. A wear-resistant sheet 14 is added to one side of the detection surface that contacts the electromagnetic railgun, facilitating the sensor's adsorption, installation, and wear resistance. Figure 6 As shown, multiple sensor arrays are arranged and installed outside the electromagnetic railgun to detect the damage to the railgun during long-term or periodic use.

[0033] This invention also discloses a method for detecting electromagnetic acoustic information during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun. The method is characterized by using the aforementioned detection sensor and employing a combination of spectrum analysis and time-domain analysis to analyze electrical signals, magnetic signals, acoustic signals, and radio electromagnetic wave signals to assess the damage and changes in the railgun's trajectory during firing. The specific method steps are as follows:

[0034] a. Detection sensor activation: The signal at the instant the electromagnetic gun fires activates the power switch of the detection sensor;

[0035] b. Real-time detection: Electromagnetic acoustic signals and spatial electromagnetic signals are detected in real time by combining an electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil and an antenna.

[0036] c. Detection signal data storage and analysis: Record and store the detection signal data, and perform spectral analysis and time domain analysis on the detected electromagnetic acoustic signals and spatial electromagnetic signals.

[0037] In step a, the sensor activation signal is set to detect the energization signal of the guide rail when the electromagnetic gun is fired. When the electromagnetic gun is fired, the rail, acting as a conductor, is energized. Detecting the energized signal on the rail activates the sensor, putting it into operation.

[0038] The detection data analysis includes comparing and evaluating changes in the track surface by comparing data from two or more consecutive detections.

[0039] The above is one embodiment of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that any equivalent or simple variations made to the structure, features, and principles described in this patent concept are included within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A sensor integrating electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals collected during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun, comprising an electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) and a permanent magnet (20), wherein the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) and the permanent magnet (20) are stacked vertically, and the coil is positioned close to the detection surface of the object being detected, characterized in that... The electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) also includes an exposed line segment used as an antenna (12) for detecting and extracting spatial electromagnetic information; wherein, the spatial electromagnetic signal detected by the antenna (12) and the electromagnetic acoustic signal detected by the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) are combined to perform spectrum analysis on the signal changes, which is used to determine the changes on the surface of the electromagnetic gun track being detected. The electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) and antenna (12) are two parts of the same coil (10), with the middle ground end (111) as the dividing point. The part stacked below the permanent magnet (20) serves as the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) for receiving electromagnetic acoustic signals, while the part exposed to the external space serves as the antenna (12) for receiving electromagnetic signals in the external space.

2. The integrated sensor for collecting electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals during electromagnetic railgun firing, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) simultaneously receives the circumferential and radial associated mechanical acoustic vibration information generated by the strong electromagnetic force and high-speed friction of the projectile during the launch of the electromagnetic gun.

3. The integrated sensor for collecting electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals during electromagnetic railgun firing, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The antenna (12) picks up the electromagnetic signals radiated into the air by the residual energy leaked out when the electromagnetic gun is fired.

4. The integrated sensor for collecting electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals during electromagnetic railgun firing, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... It also includes a combination of multiple electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coils (11) and antennas (12) to form a sensor group.

5. The integrated sensor for collecting electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The coil (10) is configured as a planar square coil, with one half of the coil (10) exposed to the permanent magnet to form an antenna (12), and the other half encapsulated in the permanent magnet to form an electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coil (11) and combination.

6. The integrated sensor for collecting electrical, magnetic, and acoustic signals during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... Multiple coils (10) have different width densities, and the electromagnetic acoustic detection sensor coils (11) and antennas (12) formed therefrom are combined to form a detection sensor array.

7. A method for detecting electromagnetic acoustic information during the firing of an electromagnetic railgun, characterized in that... Using the sensor described in any one of claims 1 to 6, a comprehensive spectrum analysis of electrical signals, magnetic signals, acoustic signals, and radio electromagnetic wave signals is performed to assess the damage and changes in the trajectory during electromagnetic gun firing. The specific method steps are as follows: a. Sensor activation: The power switch of the detection sensor is activated by the signal at the instant the electromagnetic gun is fired; b. Real-time detection: Electromagnetic acoustic signals and spatial electromagnetic signals are detected in real time using a combination sensor coil and antenna; c. Data storage and analysis of detection signals: The detection signal data is recorded and stored, and a comprehensive spectrum analysis of the detected electromagnetic acoustic signals and spatial electromagnetic signals is performed.

8. The detection method for collecting electromagnetic acoustic information during the firing of an electromagnetic gun according to claim 7, characterized in that... In step a, the sensor activation signal is set to detect the energization signal of the guide rail when the electromagnetic gun is fired.

9. A detection method for collecting electromagnetic acoustic information during the firing of an electromagnetic gun according to claim 7, characterized in that... Step c involves storing and analyzing the detection data, including comparing data from two or more consecutive detections to assess changes on the track surface.

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