A Detection Method and System for Variable Spark Gap of Disc Suspension Ceramic Insulators

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of porcelain insulators in power systems, and provides a method and system for detecting variable spark gaps of disc suspension porcelain insulators. Typical data of the distributed voltage of each insulator in different types of insulator strings are obtained; based on the typical data of the distributed voltage, the spark electrode gap distances corresponding to different voltage values are obtained; based on the spark electrode gap distances, variable spark gap detection is performed on the disc suspension porcelain insulators. The present invention uses a variable-gap spark electrode to perform live detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulators. During the detection process, according to the position of the insulator in the string and different distributed voltages, the corresponding spark electrode gap distances are used for detection, solving the problem of high misjudgment rate of the fixed spark gap detection method and greatly improving the accuracy of zero and low-value detection of porcelain insulators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of porcelain insulators in power systems, and particularly relates to a detection method and system for variable spark gaps of disc suspension porcelain insulators. Background Technique

[0002] The statements in this part only provide background technical information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used detection methods for disc suspension porcelain insulators mainly include: insulation resistance method, distributed voltage method, spark gap method, infrared detection method, etc. Among them, the insulation resistance method requires the line to be powered off for detection. The accuracy of the detection results of the infrared detection method is greatly affected by environmental factors such as humidity, light, and wind speed. Both the distributed voltage method and the spark gap method are contact-type live detection methods.

[0004] Currently, for the zero detection of porcelain insulators on 220 kV and below lines, the spark gap method is most widely used. For the zero detection of porcelain insulators on 500 kV and 750 kV lines, the voltage distribution measurement method is mostly used. If the voltage value of the insulator under test is lower than 50% of the standard specified value, it is judged as a low (zero) value insulator. For the detection device with a fixed gap, the gap distance is selected according to 50% of the minimum standard distributed voltage in the insulator string; the voltage distribution curve of the porcelain insulator string is high at both ends and low in the middle, showing a saddle-shaped distribution, with the conductor side higher than the grounding side, and the unevenness coefficient reaching 3 - 4. Using the spark gap method with a fixed gap has a high missed judgment rate, especially for the insulators at both ends with relatively high distributed voltages. Using the voltage distribution measurement method, it is necessary to correct the measured distributed voltage value according to the tower and insulator types.

[0005] Currently, the spark gap detection of insulators on 220 kV and below lines is all fixed. According to the requirements of DL / T 415 - 2009 "Standard for Spark Gap Detection Devices for Live Working", the spark gap distance is selected as half of the minimum distributed voltage in the insulator string. For the insulators on 220 kV lines, the ball - ball electrode gap distance is selected as 0.6 mm, corresponding to a discharge voltage of 3 - 4 kV. If the distributed voltage of the insulator is lower than this value, the spark gap will not discharge, and it is considered that the insulator is a deteriorated insulator. This method is widely used because of its simple operation and light weight of the detection device. DL / T 626 - 2015 "Detection Regulations for Deteriorated Suspension Insulators" lists the standard values of the distributed voltage of insulator strings on 220 kV lines. The maximum standard value of the distributed voltage of the high - voltage end insulators is 31 kV, and if the actual distributed voltage is lower than 15.5 kV, it should be judged as a deteriorated insulator. However, when using a fixed spark gap detection device, if the actual distributed voltage is greater than 4 kV and less than 15.5 kV, it is impossible to judge as a deteriorated insulator through detection, resulting in a high missed judgment rate for this method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a variable spark gap detection method and system for disc suspension porcelain insulators. Aiming at the problem of high misjudgment rate in the fixed spark gap detection method for porcelain insulators, the variable gap spark electrode is used to conduct live detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulators. During the detection process, according to the position of the insulator in the string and different distribution voltages, the corresponding spark electrode gap distance is used for detection to accurately judge whether the insulator is deteriorated.

[0007] According to some embodiments, the first solution of the present invention provides a variable spark gap detection method for disc suspension porcelain insulators, adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] A variable spark gap detection method for disc suspension porcelain insulators includes:

[0009] Obtain the typical data of the distribution voltage of each insulator in different types of insulator strings;

[0010] Based on the typical data of the distribution voltage, obtain the spark electrode gap distance corresponding to different voltage values;

[0011] Based on the spark electrode gap distance, conduct variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulators.

[0012] Further, the obtaining of the typical data of the distribution voltage of each insulator in different types of insulator strings includes:

[0013] Establish an insulator simulation circuit model according to different tower types, porcelain insulator models, the number of insulator string discs, and the arrangement type of the insulator string;

[0014] According to different pollution and humidity conditions, calculate or test to determine the surface leakage conductivity of different types of porcelain insulators;

[0015] Establish a finite element simulation model of different types of porcelain insulator strings, and simulate and calculate the distribution voltage of the porcelain insulator strings under different pollution and humidity conditions.

[0016] Further, the obtaining of the typical data of the distribution voltage of each insulator in different types of insulator strings further includes:

[0017] According to the simulation calculation results, considering the influence of factors such as the capacitance between the insulator and the ground and the capacitance between the conductor and the insulator, build a corresponding test model;

[0018] Under typical pollution and humidity conditions, apply the normal operating voltage to porcelain insulator strings with different numbers of discs, conduct measurement of the distribution voltage of the insulators, and obtain the measured results of the distribution voltage of the insulators;

[0019] Compare the measured results of the distribution voltage of the insulators with the simulation calculation results to obtain the typical data of the distribution voltage of different types of insulator strings.

[0020] Further, based on the typical data of the distributed voltage, obtain the spark electrode gap distances corresponding to different voltage values, including:

[0021] Determine the detection voltage sequence for the gap discharge test according to 50% of the typical distributed voltage values of different types of porcelain insulator strings;

[0022] Apply the corresponding voltage to conduct the gap discharge test, and obtain the air gap discharge distances of the spark electrodes corresponding to different test voltages.

[0023] Further, the variable spark gap detection of the disc suspension porcelain insulator based on the spark electrode gap distance is specifically as follows:

[0024] According to the tower type, suspension type, and string type of the insulator string to be detected, select the electrode gap sequence for detecting the insulator string, and determine the spark electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string to be detected;

[0025] Based on the determined spark electrode gap distances used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string to be detected, use an automatic electrode gap adjustment / fixed type spark gap detection device to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator.

[0026] Further, when using the spark gap detection device with automatic electrode gap adjustment to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator, manual tower climbing detection, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) carried detection, and automatic detection methods using self-climbing or self-dropping devices are adopted.

[0027] Further, the automatic detection method of the UAV carried detection is specifically as follows:

[0028] According to the tower type, suspension type, and string type of the insulator string to be detected, select the electrode gap sequence for detecting the insulator string, that is, determine the electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string;

[0029] Control the UAV to detect each insulator in turn according to the detection sequence. The detection device automatically monitors the sounds, sparks, currents, or voltages during the gap discharge, that is, the sound, light, and electrical signals, and simultaneously transmits them back to the monitoring equipment end to judge whether the insulator is deteriorated;

[0030] After detecting one insulator, control the UAV to shift the contact electrode to the next insulator to be detected;

[0031] When the contact electrode is shifted, the device automatically counts and automatically adjusts the spark electrode gap distance according to the position of the next insulator to be detected in the string;

[0032] After detecting the entire string of insulators, the monitoring equipment end automatically generates the detection result.

[0033] Further, the automatic detection method of the self-climbing or self-falling device is specifically as follows:

[0034] According to the tower type, suspension type, and string type of the insulator string to be detected, select the electrode gap sequence for detecting the insulator string, that is, determine the electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string;

[0035] Automatically detect each insulator in sequence according to the detection order. The detection device automatically monitors the sound, spark, current, or voltage during gap discharge, that is, sound, light, and electrical signals, and at the same time transmits them back to the monitoring device end to determine whether the insulator is deteriorated;

[0036] During the detection process, when the contact electrode moves, the device automatically counts and automatically adjusts the electrode gap distance according to the position of the next insulator to be detected in the string;

[0037] After the detection of the entire string of insulators is completed, the monitoring device end automatically generates a detection result.

[0038] Further, the variable spark gap detection of the disc suspension porcelain insulator using a fixed spark gap detection device is specifically as follows:

[0039] Detect according to the corresponding spark electrode gap according to the position of the insulator to be detected in the string;

[0040] After each insulator is detected, retract the detection device and adjust the electrode gap distance;

[0041] After adjusting the electrode gap distance, detect other insulators.

[0042] According to some embodiments, the second solution of the present invention provides a variable spark gap detection system for disc suspension porcelain insulators, adopting the following technical solution:

[0043] A variable spark gap detection system for disc suspension porcelain insulators, comprising:

[0044] A typical data acquisition module, configured to acquire typical distribution voltage data of each insulator in different types of insulator strings;

[0045] A spark electrode gap distance determination module, configured to obtain the spark electrode gap distance corresponding to different voltage values based on the typical distribution voltage data;

[0046] A variable spark gap detection module, configured to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator based on the spark electrode gap distance.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] 1. The present invention takes into account the influence of pollution and humidity, obtains the distributed voltage of porcelain insulator strings under different pollution and humidity conditions, which conforms to the on-site operation conditions of insulators. A variable-gap spark electrode is used to conduct live detection on disc suspension porcelain insulators. During the detection process, according to the position of the insulator in the string and different distributed voltages, a corresponding spark electrode gap distance is used for detection, solving the problem of high misjudgment rate of the fixed spark gap detection method and greatly improving the accuracy of zero and low-value detection of porcelain insulators.

[0049] 2. The present invention uses a spark gap detection device with an automatically adjusted electrode gap, and uses a drone to carry out detection, or an automatic climbing or falling device for automatic detection, greatly reducing the labor intensity and safety risks of operators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a variable spark gap detection method for disc suspension porcelain insulators according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0052] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0053] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0055] In the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0056] Embodiment 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a variable spark gap detection method for disc suspension porcelain insulators, including:

[0058] Obtaining typical data of the distributed voltage of each insulator in different types of insulator strings;

[0059] Based on the typical data of the distributed voltage, obtain the spark electrode gap distance corresponding to different voltage values;

[0060] Based on the spark electrode gap distance, perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a method for variable spark gap detection of a disc suspension porcelain insulator includes the following steps:

[0062] Step S1: Obtain the typical data of the distributed voltage of each insulator in different types of insulator strings;

[0063] Establish an insulator simulation circuit model according to different tower types, porcelain insulator models, number of insulator string discs, and arrangement types of insulator strings;

[0064] According to different pollution and humidity conditions, calculate or test to determine the surface leakage conductivity of different types of porcelain insulators;

[0065] Establish a finite element simulation model of different types of porcelain insulator strings, and simulate and calculate the distributed voltage of porcelain insulator strings under different pollution and humidity conditions;

[0066] According to the simulation calculation results, considering the influence of factors such as the capacitance of the insulator to the ground and the capacitance of the conductor, build a corresponding test model;

[0067] Under typical pollution and humidity conditions, apply the normal operating voltage to porcelain insulator strings with different numbers of discs, measure the distributed voltage of the insulators, and obtain the measured results of the distributed voltage of the insulators;

[0068] Compare the measured results of the distributed voltage of the insulators with the simulation calculation results to obtain the typical data of the distributed voltage of different types of insulator strings.

[0069] Step S2: Based on the typical data of the distributed voltage, obtain the spark electrode gap distance corresponding to different voltage values;

[0070] According to 50% of the typical distributed voltage values of different types of porcelain insulator strings, determine the detection voltage sequence for the gap discharge test;

[0071] Build a gap discharge test platform, and the electrodes, contact electrodes are the same as those used in the spark gap detection device. Apply the corresponding voltage, conduct the gap discharge test, and obtain the spark electrode gap distance corresponding to different test voltages.

[0072] Considering the operability of on-site detection, according to the typical data of the distributed voltage of different types of insulator strings and the spark electrode gap distances corresponding to different voltage values, the spark electrode gap distances corresponding to 50% of the distributed voltage value of each insulator in the insulator string are formed into a sequence, and the spark electrode gap distance sequence for detecting insulators at different positions in different types of insulator strings is obtained.

[0073] Specifically, the voltage value and the electrode gap distance correspond one by one. By changing the voltage value into the corresponding electrode gap distance value, the electrode gap distance sequence is obtained.

[0074] Step S3: Based on the spark electrode gap distance, perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator;

[0075] According to the tower type, suspension type, and string type of the insulator string to be detected, select the electrode gap sequence for detecting the insulator string, and determine the spark electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string to be detected;

[0076] Based on the determined spark electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string to be detected, use an automatic adjustable electrode gap / fixed type spark gap detection device to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator.

[0077] When using the spark gap detection device with an automatic adjustable electrode gap to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator, manual tower climbing detection, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) carrying detection, and automatic detection methods using self-climbing or self-dropping devices are adopted.

[0078] (a) The automatic detection method of manual tower climbing detection is specifically as follows:

[0079] After the detector climbs the tower, hold the automatic variable spark gap detection device with an insulating rod to perform detection.

[0080] First, according to parameters such as the tower type, suspension type, and string type of the insulator string to be detected, select the electrode gap sequence for detecting the insulator string, that is, determine the spark electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string.

[0081] Then, detect each insulator in sequence according to the detection order. The detection device automatically monitors the sound, spark, current, or voltage during gap discharge, that is, the sound, light, and electrical signals, and at the same time transmits them back to the monitoring equipment end to judge whether the insulator is deteriorated.

[0082] After detecting one insulator, manually operate to shift the contact electrode to the next insulator to be detected. When the contact electrode is shifted, the device automatically counts and automatically adjusts the spark electrode gap distance according to the position of the next insulator to be detected in the string.

[0083] The inspection of the entire string of insulators is completed, and the monitoring device automatically generates the inspection results.

[0084] (b) The automatic inspection method with a drone-mounted inspection, specifically:

[0085] The inspector operates a drone equipped with an automatic variable spark gap detection device for inspection.

[0086] According to the type of tower where the insulator string to be inspected is located, the suspension type, and the string type, select the electrode gap sequence for inspecting the insulator string, that is, determine the electrode gap distance used for inspecting each insulator in the insulator string;

[0087] According to the inspection sequence, operate the drone to inspect each insulator in turn. The detection device automatically monitors the sound, spark, current or voltage during the gap discharge, that is, the sound, light and electrical signals, and at the same time transmits them back to the monitoring device end to judge whether the insulator is deteriorated;

[0088] After inspecting one insulator, operate the drone to shift the contact electrode to the next insulator to be inspected;

[0089] When the contact electrode is shifted, the device automatically counts and automatically adjusts the spark electrode gap distance according to the position of the next insulator to be inspected in the string;

[0090] The inspection of the entire string of insulators is completed, and the monitoring device automatically generates the inspection results.

[0091] (c) The automatic inspection method of the self-climbing or self-falling device, specifically:

[0092] Use a self-climbing or self-falling device equipped with an automatic variable spark gap detection device for automatic inspection. The self-climbing type is used for the inspection of strain strings, and the self-falling type is used for the inspection of suspension strings;

[0093] According to the type of tower where the insulator string to be inspected is located, the suspension type, and the string type, select the electrode gap sequence for inspecting the insulator string, that is, determine the electrode gap distance used for inspecting each insulator in the insulator string;

[0094] Automatically inspect each insulator in turn according to the inspection sequence. The detection device automatically monitors the sound, spark, current or voltage during the gap discharge, that is, the sound, light and electrical signals, and at the same time transmits them back to the monitoring device end to judge whether the insulator is deteriorated;

[0095] During the inspection process, when the contact electrode is shifted, the device automatically counts and automatically adjusts the electrode gap distance according to the position of the next insulator to be inspected in the string;

[0096] The inspection of the entire string of insulators is completed, and the monitoring device automatically generates the inspection results.

[0097] Use a fixed spark gap detection device to perform variable spark gap detection on disc suspension porcelain insulators, specifically as follows:

[0098] A fixed spark gap detection device with adjustable spark electrode gap can also be used for this detection method.

[0099] Detect according to the position of the insulator to be detected in the string using the corresponding spark electrode gap;

[0100] After each insulator is detected, retract the detection device and adjust the distance between the electrode gaps;

[0101] After adjusting the distance between the electrode gaps, detect other insulators.

[0102] Fixed spark gap detection has a high operator workload and is not conducive to the detection of the entire string of insulators, but it can be used for the detection of single or a small number of insulators separately.

[0103] In a specific embodiment, the operation process of this method is as follows:

[0104] Through simulation calculation and actual measurement, obtain the typical distribution voltage data of each insulator in insulator strings of different voltage levels and different types; through gap discharge tests, obtain the spark electrode gap distances corresponding to different voltage values.

[0105] Use a spark gap detection device with automatically adjustable electrode gaps to perform variable spark gap detection on disc suspension porcelain insulators. Detection methods such as manual tower climbing detection, drone-mounted detection, and automatic detection using self-climbing or self-dropping devices can be adopted. During the detection process, the spark electrode gap is automatically adjusted. According to the position of the insulator in the string and different distribution voltages, the corresponding spark electrode gap distances are used to detect each insulator one by one. Automatically monitor the sound, sparks, current, or voltage during gap discharge, that is, sound, light, and electrical signals, and simultaneously transmit them back to the monitoring device end. After the detection of the entire string of insulators is completed, the monitoring device end automatically generates the detection results.

[0106] Use a fixed spark gap detection device with adjustable spark electrode gaps to detect according to the position of the insulator to be detected in the string using the corresponding spark electrode gap. When detecting other insulators, the electrode gap needs to be readjusted. The operator workload is high and it is not conducive to the detection of the entire string of insulators, but it can be used for the detection of single or a small number of insulators.

[0107] Embodiment 2

[0108] This embodiment provides a variable spark gap detection system for disc suspension porcelain insulators, including:

[0109] A typical data acquisition module configured to acquire the typical distribution voltage data of each insulator in different types of insulator strings;

[0110] A spark electrode gap distance determination module, configured to obtain the spark electrode gap distances corresponding to different voltage values based on typical distributed voltage data;

[0111] A variable spark gap detection module, configured to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator based on the spark electrode gap distance.

[0112] The examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the first embodiment above. It should be noted that the above modules, as part of the system, can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions.

[0113] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0114] The proposed system can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the above module division is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there can be other division methods. For example, multiple modules can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0115] Although the specific implementation manners of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the drawings, it is not a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, various modifications or deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting variable spark gaps of disc suspension porcelain insulators, characterized in that, it includes: Obtaining typical data of the distributed voltage of each insulator in different types of insulator strings, specifically: Establishing an insulator simulation circuit model according to different tower types, porcelain insulator models, the number of insulator string discs, and the layout type of the insulator string; Calculating or testing to determine the surface leakage conductivity of different types of porcelain insulators according to different pollution and humidity conditions; Establishing a finite element simulation model of different types of porcelain insulator strings, and simulating and calculating the distributed voltage of the porcelain insulator strings under different pollution and humidity conditions; According to the simulation calculation results, considering the influence of the insulator-to-ground capacitance and the conductor capacitance factors, building a corresponding test model; Under typical pollution and humidity conditions, applying the normal operating voltage to porcelain insulator strings with different numbers of discs, measuring the distributed voltage of the insulators, and obtaining the measured results of the distributed voltage of the insulators; Comparing the measured results of the distributed voltage of the insulators with the simulation calculation results to obtain typical data of the distributed voltage of different types of insulator strings; Based on the typical data of the distributed voltage, obtaining the spark electrode gap distances corresponding to different voltage values; Based on the spark electrode gap distances, performing variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulators, specifically: According to the tower type, suspension type, and string type of the insulator string to be detected, selecting the electrode gap sequence for detecting the insulator string, and determining the spark electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string to be detected; Based on the determined spark electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string to be detected, using an automatic electrode gap adjustment / fixed-type spark gap detection device to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulators.

2. The method for detecting variable spark gaps of disc suspension porcelain insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that, obtaining the spark electrode gap distances corresponding to different voltage values based on the typical data of the distributed voltage includes: Determining the detection voltage sequence for the gap discharge test according to 50% of the typical distributed voltage values of different types of porcelain insulator strings; Applying the corresponding voltage and performing the gap discharge test to obtain the spark electrode air gap discharge distances corresponding to different test voltages.

3. The method for detecting variable spark gaps of disc suspension porcelain insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that, when using the automatic electrode gap adjustment spark gap detection device to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulators, manual tower climbing detection, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) carrying detection, and automatic detection methods using self-climbing or self-dropping devices are adopted.

4. The method for detecting variable spark gaps of disc suspension porcelain insulators according to claim 3, characterized in that, the automatic detection method of the UAV carrying detection is specifically: According to the tower type, suspension type, and string type of the insulator string to be detected, selecting the electrode gap sequence for detecting the insulator string, that is, determining the electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string. The drone is controlled in the detection order to detect each insulator in turn. The detection device automatically monitors the sound, sparks, current or voltage during the gap discharge, that is, the sound, light and electrical signals, and at the same time transmits them back to the monitoring device end to judge whether the insulator is deteriorated; After detecting one insulator, the drone is controlled to shift the contact electrode to the next insulator to be detected; When the contact electrode is shifted, the device automatically counts and automatically adjusts the spark electrode gap distance according to the position of the next insulator to be detected in the string; After detecting the entire string of insulators, the monitoring device end automatically generates the detection result.

5. A method for detecting the variable spark gap of a disc suspension porcelain insulator as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that, the automatic detection method of the self-climbing or self-falling device is specifically: According to the tower type, suspension type and string type of the insulator string to be detected, select the electrode gap sequence for detecting the insulator string, that is, determine the electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string; Automatically detect each insulator in turn according to the detection order. The detection device automatically monitors the sound, sparks, current or voltage during the gap discharge, that is, the sound, light and electrical signals, and at the same time transmits them back to the monitoring device end to judge whether the insulator is deteriorated; During the detection process, when the contact electrode is shifted, the device automatically counts and automatically adjusts the electrode gap distance according to the position of the next insulator to be detected in the string; After detecting the entire string of insulators, the monitoring device end automatically generates the detection result.

6. A method for detecting the variable spark gap of a disc suspension porcelain insulator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, using the fixed spark gap detection device to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator, specifically: According to the position of the insulator to be detected in the string, use the corresponding spark electrode gap for detection; After each insulator is detected, retract the detection device and adjust the electrode gap distance; After adjusting the electrode gap distance, detect other insulators.

7. A variable spark gap detection system for a disc suspension porcelain insulator, characterized in that, comprising: A typical data acquisition module configured to acquire the typical data of the distributed voltage of each insulator in different types of insulator strings, specifically: Establish an insulator simulation circuit model according to different tower types, porcelain insulator models, the number of insulator string discs and the layout type of the insulator string; Calculate or test and determine the surface leakage conductivity of different types of porcelain insulators according to different pollution and humidity conditions; Establish a finite element simulation model of different types of porcelain insulator strings, and simulate and calculate the distributed voltage of the porcelain insulator strings under different pollution and humidity conditions; According to the simulation calculation results, considering the influence of the insulator-to-ground capacitance and the wire capacitance factors, build a corresponding test model; Under typical pollution and humidity conditions, apply the normal operating voltage to porcelain insulator strings with different numbers of discs, measure the distributed voltage of the insulators, and obtain the measured results of the distributed voltage of the insulators; Compare the measured results of the insulator distributed voltage with the simulation calculation results to obtain the typical data of the distributed voltage of different types of insulator strings; A spark electrode gap distance determination module configured to obtain the spark electrode gap distance corresponding to different voltage values based on the typical data of the distributed voltage; The variable spark gap detection module is configured to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator based on the spark electrode gap distance, specifically: According to the tower type, suspension type, and string type of the insulator string to be detected, select the electrode gap sequence for detecting the insulator string, and determine the spark electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string to be detected; Based on the determined spark electrode gap distance used for detecting each insulator in the insulator string to be detected, use an automatic electrode gap adjustment / fixed type spark gap detection device to perform variable spark gap detection on the disc suspension porcelain insulator.

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