Aircraft, lightweight high-voltage power supply and switching frequency optimization design method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power electronics and discloses a method for optimizing the switching frequency of an aircraft, a lightweight high-voltage power supply, and the following steps: determining the maximum allowable design temperature rise of the high-voltage power supply based on practical applications; querying the thermal resistance values ​​of heat-generating devices, including: heat-generating devices in the inverter and resonant cavity sections of the LCC converter, heat-generating devices in the transformer section, and heat-generating devices in the voltage doubler rectifier section; obtaining the maximum operating frequency of the heat-generating devices based on the thermal resistance values ​​and the maximum allowable design temperature rise; calculating the frequency that minimizes the transformer weight; and determining the operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply based on the maximum operating frequency and the minimum operating frequency of the heat-generating devices. Based on the lightweight requirements of the electro-aerodynamic propulsion high-voltage power supply, this invention achieves the minimum overall weight of the LCC converter, increases the power density of the converter, and reduces the weight of the electro-aerodynamic aircraft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular relates to an aircraft, a lightweight high-voltage power supply and its switching frequency optimization design method. Background Technology

[0002] Electro-aerodynamic propulsion is a novel propulsion method. Unlike traditional mechanical thrust generation, this method generates thrust from "ion wind" produced by high-voltage ionization of air. The lightweight nature of aircraft using this propulsion method has attracted widespread attention. Heat dissipation devices are an indispensable part of LCC converters and are crucial for maintaining circuit stability. In LCC converters, increasing the switching frequency typically achieves transformer weight reduction to increase the converter's power density; however, with increasing switching frequency, the switching losses of semiconductor devices, transformer copper losses, and iron losses increase, requiring additional heat dissipation devices, which adds extra weight.

[0003] In summary, the problem with traditional LCC design methods is the lack of a frequency-optimal design method that aims to reduce the overall weight of the converter, thereby minimizing the overall weight of the heat sink and achieving the lowest possible overall weight of the LCC converter to meet the lightweight requirements of "electric-air" propulsion aircraft. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for optimizing the switching frequency of a lightweight high-voltage power supply, aiming to solve the problem of the lack of an optimal frequency design method with the goal of overall converter lightweighting.

[0005] This invention provides a method for optimizing the switching frequency of a lightweight high-voltage power supply, comprising:

[0006] The maximum allowable design temperature rise of the high-voltage power supply is determined based on the actual application.

[0007] The thermal resistance value of the heating devices is retrieved. The heating devices include: heating devices in the inverter and resonant cavity of the LCC converter, heating devices in the transformer section, and heating devices in the voltage doubler rectifier section.

[0008] The maximum operating frequency of the heating device is obtained based on the thermal resistance value and the maximum allowable design temperature rise.

[0009] Calculate the frequency that minimizes the transformer weight;

[0010] The operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply is determined based on the maximum and minimum operating frequencies of the heating device.

[0011] Preferably, the maximum frequency of the heating element in the voltage doubler rectifier section under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition is:

[0012]

[0013] Among them, I o For converter output current, T on For conduction time, R D_on For diode on-resistance, ΔT max For the maximum allowable design temperature rise, R t_D This is the thermal resistance of the diode.

[0014] Preferably, the maximum frequency of the heat-generating components in the transformer section under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition is:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, V o For converter output current, T d Dead time, f switch For switching frequency, n p n is the number of primary turns of the transformer, n is the transformer turns ratio, and A is the number of primary turns of the transformer. e For the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the transformer, V e For the effective volume of the transformer, k c And α are the transformer core parameters, ΔT max For the maximum allowable design temperature rise, R t_T This refers to the thermal resistance of the transformer core.

[0017] Preferably, the maximum frequency of the heating devices in the inverter and resonant cavity section of the LCC converter under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition is:

[0018]

[0019] in,

[0020] Among them, R mos_on R is the on-resistance of the MOSFET. o For the load driven by the converter, V o For converter output current, T on For conduction time, f on For the conduction frequency, ΔT max Where n is the maximum allowable design temperature rise, n is the transformer turns ratio, and R is the maximum allowable design temperature rise. t_MOS This is the thermal resistance of the switching transistor.

[0021] Preferably, the relationship between the weight of the transformer and the switching frequency of the transformer is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, I P For the primary current, I S V is the secondary effective current. P V is the primary effective voltage. s K is the secondary effective voltage. u For window utilization, B m J is the magnetic flux density. w Where W is the current density, f is the transformer switching frequency, and W is the current density. T Given the weight of the transformer, use the above formula to solve for the switching frequency f that minimizes the transformer weight. min ;

[0024] Among them, magnetic flux density B m and current density J w The frequency relationship is as follows:

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] Where i = p, s;

[0028] in,

[0029] Where K1(f) and K2(f) represent typical values ​​for mainstream magnetic core materials; ρ T_loss P is the iron loss density. cop_losss For copper loss power, V cop,p V is the volume of the primary winding. cop,s The volume is the secondary winding volume, p represents the primary winding of the transformer, s represents the secondary winding of the transformer, and F... R,i The AC / DC impedance ratio, n i For the number of turns, I i M is the current. L,i N represents the number of Lids lines. i d represents the number of windings per layer. i D is the diameter of a single Litz wire. i Where σ is the total diameter of the winding, and σ is the relative conductivity of the copper wire.

[0030] Preferably, the step of determining the operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply based on the maximum operating frequency and the minimum operating frequency of the heating device includes:

[0031] When the transformer weight is at its minimum, the switching frequency is f. min Determine whether the following conditions are met:

[0032] or f min ≤f x; where f x =f x-Diod ,f x-Trans ,f x-Mos ;

[0033] If all heating devices meet the above criteria, then select f. min The operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply is such that no heat sink is needed for each heat-generating component; otherwise, it is necessary to further determine whether an external heat sink is needed for thermal resistance compensation for each heat-generating component.

[0034] Preferably, the step of further determining whether each heat-generating component needs an external heat sink for thermal resistance compensation specifically includes:

[0035] Calculate the difference between the temperature rise of each heat-generating component at the minimum frequency and the maximum allowable design temperature rise:

[0036] ΔT=ΔT j -ΔT max ;

[0037] Where, ΔT j =P j R t_j ;j=D_loss,T_loss,MOS_loss;

[0038] Where ΔT j For each part of the heating device at f min If the temperature rise is not greater than 0, then no heat dissipation is needed for the heat-generating components; otherwise, a heat sink is needed for the heat-generating components.

[0039] The required thermal resistance of the heatsink should be added based on the thermal resistance model:

[0040]

[0041] The thermal resistance is connected in parallel with the heat-generating device, where p j For each part of the heating device at f min Power loss under the following conditions, R t_j The original thermal resistance of each heat-generating component.

[0042] Preferably, each heating element is in f min Power loss P j They are respectively:

[0043] Calculate the heat-generating components in the voltage doubler rectifier section at f min The power loss is:

[0044] P D_loss =2(πI) o T on f min )2 R D_on ;

[0045] Among them, I o For converter output current, T on For conduction time, R D_on This is the on-resistance of the diode;

[0046] Calculate the heat-generating components of the transformer at f min The power loss is:

[0047]

[0048] Where, n p n is the number of primary turns of the transformer, n is the transformer turns ratio, and A is the number of primary turns of the transformer. e For the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the transformer, V e For the effective volume of the transformer, k c And α are the transformer core parameters, V o For converter output current, T d Dead time;

[0049] Calculate the MOS transistor at f min The power loss is:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, R mos_on R is the on-resistance of the MOSFET. o For the load driven by the converter, f on This is the conduction frequency.

[0052] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this invention also proposes a lightweight high-voltage power supply, wherein the operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply is determined by the aforementioned switching frequency optimization design method.

[0053] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention also proposes an aircraft that employs the aforementioned lightweight high-voltage power supply.

[0054] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention discloses an aircraft, a lightweight high-voltage power supply, and a method for optimizing the switching frequency of the latter. The design method includes: determining the maximum allowable design temperature rise based on actual application; querying the thermal resistance values ​​of heat-generating devices, including: heat-generating devices in the inverter and resonant cavity sections of the LCC converter, heat-generating devices in the transformer section, and heat-generating devices in the voltage doubler rectifier section; obtaining the maximum operating frequency based on the thermal resistance values ​​and the maximum allowable design temperature rise; calculating the frequency that minimizes the transformer weight; and determining the operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply based on the maximum operating frequency and the minimum frequency of the heat-generating devices. This invention addresses the lightweight requirements of electro-aerodynamic propulsion high-voltage power supplies, achieving a minimum overall weight for the LCC converter, increasing the converter's power density, and reducing the weight of the electro-aerodynamic aircraft. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the optimal switching frequency design for a lightweight high-voltage power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a thermal resistance diagram of the full-bridge inverter of the LCC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the thermal resistance relationship of the LCC converter transformer in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a thermal resistance diagram of the LCC converter variable voltage rectification according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the relationship between transformer weight and frequency. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0062] It should be noted that when one element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or connected to the other element through an intermediary element. In the following embodiments, "connection" should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have the transmission of electrical signals or data between them.

[0063] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising / including” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Furthermore, the terms used in this specification include any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the switching frequency of a lightweight high-voltage power supply, comprising:

[0065] Step S10: Determine the maximum allowable design temperature rise of the high-voltage power supply based on the actual application.

[0066] Step S20: Query the thermal resistance value of the heating device, which includes: heating devices in the inverter and resonant cavity of the LCC converter, heating devices in the transformer section, and heating devices in the voltage doubler rectifier section;

[0067] Step S30: Obtain the maximum operating frequency of the heating device based on the thermal resistance value and the maximum allowable design temperature rise;

[0068] Step S40: Calculate the frequency that minimizes the transformer weight;

[0069] Step S50: Determine the operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply based on the maximum operating frequency and the minimum operating frequency of the heating device.

[0070] This invention addresses the lightweight requirements of high-voltage power supplies for electro-aerodynamic propulsion, achieving a minimum overall weight for the LCC converter, increasing its power density, and reducing the weight of the electro-aerodynamic aircraft. The aforementioned LCC converter comprises three parts: an LCC inverter and resonant cavity, a transformer, and a voltage multiplier.

[0071] In one specific embodiment, the maximum frequency of the heat-generating device in the voltage doubler rectifier section under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition is:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, I o For converter output current, T on For conduction time, R D_on For diode on-resistance, ΔT max For the maximum allowable design temperature rise, R t_D This is the thermal resistance of the diode.

[0074] The maximum frequency of the heat-generating components in the transformer under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition is:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, V o For converter output current, T d Dead time, f switch For switching frequency, n p n is the number of primary turns of the transformer, n is the transformer turns ratio, and A is the number of primary turns of the transformer. e For the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the transformer, V e For the effective volume of the transformer, k c α and ΔT are transformer core parameters obtained from the datasheet. max For the maximum allowable design temperature rise, R t_T This refers to the thermal resistance of the transformer core.

[0077] The maximum frequency of the heating devices in the inverter and resonant cavity sections of the LCC converter under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition is:

[0078]

[0079] in,

[0080] Among them, R mos_on R is the on-resistance of the MOSFET. o For the load driven by the converter, V o For converter output current, T on For conduction time, f on For the conduction frequency, ΔT max Where n is the maximum allowable design temperature rise, n is the transformer turns ratio, and R is the maximum allowable design temperature rise. t_MOS This is the thermal resistance of the switching transistor.

[0081] The relationship between the weight and frequency of a transformer is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, I P For the primary current, I S V is the secondary effective current. P V is the primary effective voltage. s K is the secondary effective voltage. u For window utilization, B m J is the magnetic flux density. w Where W is the current density, f is the transformer switching frequency, and W is the current density. T Given the weight of the transformer, use the above formula to solve for the switching frequency f that minimizes the transformer weight. min .

[0084] Among them, magnetic flux density B m and current density J w The frequency relationship is as follows:

[0085]

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Where i = p, s;

[0089] in,

[0090] Where K1(f) and K2(f) represent typical values ​​for mainstream magnetic core materials; ρ T_loss P is the iron loss density. cop_losss For copper loss power, V cop,p V is the volume of the primary winding. cop,s The volume is the secondary winding volume, p represents the primary winding of the transformer, s represents the secondary winding of the transformer, and F... R,i The AC / DC impedance ratio, n i For the number of turns, I i M is the current. L,i N represents the number of Lids lines. i d represents the number of windings per layer. i D is the diameter of a single Litz wire. i Where σ is the total diameter of the winding, and σ is the relative conductivity of the copper wire.

[0091] Specific Figure 5 The transformer weight-frequency curve is shown using the above design method.

[0092] K1(f) and K2(f) represent typical values ​​for mainstream magnetic core materials. K1(f) and K2(f) are shown in the table below:

[0093]

[0094] In one specific embodiment, step S50 includes:

[0095] Step S51, when the transformer weight is at its minimum, the switching frequency is f min Determine whether the following conditions are met:

[0096] f min ≤f x

[0097] or;

[0098] Step S52: If all heating devices meet the above determination conditions, then select f. min It operates at the high-voltage power supply frequency, and no heat sinks are needed for the heat-generating components.

[0099] Step S53: Otherwise, it is necessary to further determine whether external heat sinks are added to each heat-generating component for thermal resistance compensation.

[0100] In step S53:

[0101] The specific thermal resistance design of the external heatsink includes:

[0102] Calculate the difference between the temperature rise of each heat-generating component at the minimum frequency and the maximum allowable design temperature rise:

[0103] ΔT=ΔT j -ΔT max ;

[0104] Where, ΔT j =P j R t_j ;j=D_loss,T_loss,MOS_loss;

[0105] Where ΔT j For each part of the heating device at f min If the temperature rise is not greater than 0, then no heat dissipation is needed for the heat-generating components; otherwise, a heat sink is needed for the heat-generating components.

[0106] The required thermal resistance of the heatsink should be added based on the thermal resistance model:

[0107]

[0108] The thermal resistance is connected in parallel with the heat-generating device, where p j For each part of the heating device at f min Power loss under the following conditions, R t_j The original thermal resistance of each heat-generating component.

[0109] Among them, it is determined that each part of the heating device is at f min Power loss P j They are respectively:

[0110] Calculate the heat-generating components in the voltage doubler rectifier section at f min The power loss is:

[0111] P D_loss =2(πI) o T on f min ) 2 R D_on ;

[0112] Among them, I o For converter output current, T on For conduction time, R D_on This is the on-resistance of the diode;

[0113] Calculate the heat-generating components of the transformer at f min The power loss is:

[0114]

[0115] Where, n p n is the number of primary turns of the transformer, n is the transformer turns ratio, and A is the number of primary turns of the transformer. e For the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the transformer, V e For the effective volume of the transformer, k c And α are the transformer core parameters, V o For converter output current, T d Dead time;

[0116] Calculate the MOS transistor at f min The power loss is:

[0117]

[0118] Among them, R mos_on R is the on-resistance of the MOSFET. o For the load driven by the converter, f on This is the conduction frequency.

[0119] Based on the above design, the heat sink's thermal resistance ΔR t The heat sink is selected to compensate for the thermal resistance of the design.

[0120] This invention focuses on optimizing the weight of the heat sink in an LCC converter. By analyzing the loss-frequency function and thermal resistance relationship of each component in the LCC converter, and combining this with the maximum allowable design temperature rise, the maximum allowable operating frequency of each component is determined. The minimum value among these maximum allowable operating frequencies is then selected. The loss-frequency function is used to verify whether the temperature rise of each component at the selected minimum frequency meets the maximum allowable design value. If not, a thermal resistance compensation scheme is adopted, and the compensated thermal resistance is used as the basis for selecting the heat sink.

[0121] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, this invention also proposes a lightweight high-voltage power supply, employing the aforementioned switching frequency optimization design method to determine the switching frequency. This achieves a lightweight and high power density high-voltage power supply. Specifically, the main circuit of the high-voltage power supply adopts a structure of full-bridge inverter—magnetically integrated transformer group—voltage doubler rectifier output; the insulating material uses a lighter, curable insulating adhesive, and insulation is achieved through potting; the control utilizes feedforward constant power control and arc suppression circuitry.

[0122] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention also proposes an aircraft that employs the aforementioned lightweight high-voltage power supply.

[0123] This invention focuses on optimizing the weight of the LCC converter heat sink. Addressing the stringent requirements for lightweighting in high-voltage power supplies for electro-aerodynamic propulsion, it achieves the minimum overall weight of the LCC converter, increases the power density of the converter, and reduces the weight of the electro-aerodynamic aircraft.

[0124] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0125] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0126] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the switching frequency of a lightweight high-voltage power supply, characterized in that, The design method includes: The maximum allowable design temperature rise of the high-voltage power supply is determined based on the actual application. The thermal resistance value of the heating devices is retrieved. The heating devices include: heating devices in the inverter and resonant cavity of the LCC converter, heating devices in the transformer section, and heating devices in the voltage doubler rectifier section. The maximum operating frequency of the heating device is obtained based on the thermal resistance value and the maximum allowable design temperature rise. Calculate the frequency that minimizes the transformer weight; The operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply is determined based on the maximum and minimum operating frequencies of the heating device. The relationship between the weight of the transformer and the switching frequency of the transformer is as follows: ； in, For primary current, For secondary effective current, The primary effective voltage, This is the secondary effective voltage. To maximize window utilization, , where is the magnetic flux density For current density, W is the transformer switching frequency. T Given the weight of the transformer, use the above formula to solve for the switching frequency that minimizes the transformer weight. ; The step of determining the operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply based on the maximum and minimum operating frequencies of the heating device includes: When the transformer weight is at its minimum, the switching frequency is: Determine whether the following conditions are met: or ;in, ; in, f x-Diod The maximum frequency of the heat-generating components in the voltage doubler rectifier section under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition. f x-Trans The maximum frequency of the heat-generating components in the transformer section under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition; f x-Mos The maximum frequency of the heating components in the inverter and resonant cavity section of the LCC converter under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition; If all heating devices meet the above criteria, then select... The operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply is such that no heat sink is needed for each heat-generating component; otherwise, it is necessary to further determine whether an external heat sink is needed for thermal resistance compensation for each heat-generating component.

2. The switching frequency optimization design method for a lightweight high-voltage power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum frequency of the heating element in the voltage doubler rectifier section under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition is: ； in, For converter output current, For conduction time, For diode on-resistance, For the maximum allowable design temperature rise, This is the thermal resistance of the diode.

3. The switching frequency optimization design method for a lightweight high-voltage power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum frequency of the heat-generating components in the transformer section under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition is: ； in, For converter output current, Dead time, For switching frequency, For the number of primary turns of the transformer, For transformer turns ratio, For the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the transformer, For the effective volume of the transformer, and For transformer core parameters, For the maximum allowable design temperature rise, This refers to the thermal resistance of the transformer core.

4. The switching frequency optimization design method for a lightweight high-voltage power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum frequency of the heating devices in the inverter and resonant cavity section of the LCC converter under the maximum allowable design temperature rise condition is: ； in, ; in, The on-resistance of the MOSFET. For the load driven by the converter, For converter output current, For conduction time, For the conduction frequency, For the maximum allowable design temperature rise, For transformer turns ratio, This is the thermal resistance of the switching transistor.

5. The switching frequency optimization design method for a lightweight high-voltage power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, Magnetic flux density and current density The frequency relationship is as follows: ； ； Where i = p, s; in, , ; in, and This represents typical values ​​for mainstream magnetic core materials; For iron loss density, For copper loss power, For the volume of the primary winding, The volume represents the secondary winding, where p represents the primary winding of the transformer and s represents the secondary winding. AC / DC impedance ratio, Number of turns For current, The number of Leeds lines. The number of windings per layer, The diameter of a single Litz wire, The total diameter of the winding is The relative conductivity of the copper wire is given.

6. The switching frequency optimization design method for a lightweight high-voltage power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of further determining whether external heat sinks are needed for thermal resistance compensation for each heat-generating component specifically includes: Calculate the difference between the temperature rise of each heat-generating component at the minimum frequency and the maximum allowable design temperature rise: ； in, ; ; in For each part of the heating element The temperature rise below, if If the value is not greater than 0, then no heat dissipation is needed for this part of the heat-generating device; otherwise, a heat sink needs to be added to this part of the heat-generating device. Maximum allowable design temperature rise; The required thermal resistance of the heatsink should be added based on the thermal resistance model: ； The thermal resistance and the heat-generating device are connected in parallel, wherein For each part of the heating element Power loss at the bottom The original thermal resistance of each heat-generating component.

7. The switching frequency optimization design method for a lightweight high-voltage power supply as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Each heating element Power loss They are respectively: Calculate the heat-generating components in the voltage doubler rectifier section. The power loss is: ； in, For converter output current, For conduction time, This is the on-resistance of the diode; Calculate the heat-generating components of the transformer. The power loss is: ； in, For the number of primary turns of the transformer, For transformer turns ratio, For the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the transformer, For the effective volume of the transformer, and For transformer core parameters, For converter output current, Dead time; Calculate the MOS transistor in The power loss is: ； in, The on-resistance of the MOSFET. The load driven by the converter, This is the conduction frequency.

8. A lightweight high-voltage power supply, characterized in that, The operating frequency of the high-voltage power supply is determined using the switching frequency optimization design method for lightweight high-voltage power supplies as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An aircraft, characterized in that, The lightweight high-voltage power supply as described in claim 8 is used.

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