A real-time forecasting method for Atlantic squid fishing grounds based on underlying hydrological and topographical features.

Abstract

This invention discloses a real-time prediction method for Atlantic squid fishing grounds based on bottom hydrological and topographic elements. Its key feature is that it first summarizes and generalizes the suitable environmental patterns and key environmental factors of the central fishing grounds for Atlantic squid. Then, it predicts the location of the central fishing grounds in real time based on the spatial characteristics of bottom water temperature (50 and 100 meters), ocean currents (direction), and topographic elements (i.e., seabed hills). This invention enables accurate prediction of fishing ground locations based on vessel data and combined with the marine environment and the operational characteristics of Atlantic squid angling vessels. This method is more closely aligned with actual production and improves the productivity of deep-sea fisheries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine fishery fishing ground prediction technology, and in particular relates to a real-time prediction method for Atlantic squid fishing grounds based on hydrological and topographical elements. Background Technology

[0002] The Atlantic squid fishing grounds lie between 40°S and 48°S, and 60°W and 65°W, harboring extremely rich resources of mid-to-upper-level fish and demersal marine life. However, dense schools of fish suitable for fishing are not found everywhere, especially for short-term fishing ground assessment, which requires consideration of multiple factors. Previously, when exploring a good or central fishing ground, preliminary judgments were often made based on collected data, captain experience, or previous fishing experience. However, due to differences in sea areas, hydrological factors, and topography, the dominant fish species inhabiting different sea areas vary, and the formation mechanisms of fishing grounds also differ significantly. Currently, fishing ground prediction mainly uses sea state factors such as water temperature and chlorophyll for preliminary analysis. Related prediction methods are still immature, forecast models have poor practicality, and fishing ground prediction suffers from blindness and ineffectiveness, making it difficult to combine theory with practice. Although a few studies have analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of Atlantic squid fishing grounds, no research reports on methods for real-time fishing ground prediction have been found.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new real-time forecasting method for Atlantic squid fishing grounds based on hydrological and topographical factors, in order to achieve efficient and ecological fisheries production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a real-time prediction method for Atlantic squid fishing grounds based on bottom hydrological and topographical elements, which can summarize and generalize the suitable environmental patterns and short-term accurate prediction of the central fishing grounds of pelagic fish in the high seas of the Atlantic Ocean.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A real-time prediction method for Atlantic squid fishing grounds based on bottom hydrological and topographic features, which predicts the location of the central fishing ground in real time based on the spatial characteristics of bottom water temperature, ocean currents, and topographic features, includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Summarize and generalize the fine variation patterns of Atlantic squid fishing vessels and screen the factors affecting fishing grounds. Focus on analyzing the impact of ocean currents, bottom water temperature, seabed depth and topography on the spatial and temporal distribution of fishing grounds, so as to establish a fishing ground reference index system and real-time prediction method based on the combination of bottom water temperature and bottom ocean current spatial characteristics.

[0008] (2) Based on the exclusive economic zone line, the squid fishing grounds are divided into two major areas: inside the line and outside the line. The squid fishing grounds inside the line are mainly for squid fishing, while the squid fishing grounds outside the line are mainly for squid fishing, as well as more than 40 trawlers fishing for squid. The environmental characteristics of the squid fishing and trawlers fishing grounds are highly similar, so the same prediction index system can be used to predict the squid fishing grounds.

[0009] (3) Based on the spatial distribution of various sea state elements in the fishing grounds obtained from the distant-water fishery service platform, it was found that the spatial distribution of sea temperature in the 100-meter water layer of the fishing grounds was very small, within only 0.6 degrees, making it difficult to distinguish areas of dense water temperature. However, the distribution of areas of dense water temperature in the 50-meter water layer was more obvious. For fishing grounds within the line, we first selected areas with whirlpools, especially clockwise whirlpool areas, as one of the reference indicators for fishing grounds. For fishing grounds outside the line, we first selected areas where the ocean current flows from within the line to the side outside the line as the central fishing ground. The ocean currents mentioned are mainly referenced by the ocean currents in the 100-meter water layer. It would be even better if the ocean currents in the 50-meter water layer also flow from within the line to the side outside the line.

[0010] (4) According to the characteristics of Atlantic squid fishing vessels, the general operating water depth is 100-116 meters. In the Atlantic operating area, a good fishing ground will be formed in the seabed shallower than 100 meters, that is, 5 nautical miles away from the seabed hills. Therefore, seabed topography is one of the important indicators for predicting squid fishing grounds.

[0011] (5) For fishing grounds within the line, the first choice is the area around the small underwater hills. At the same time, the location with clockwise or counterclockwise vortex currents is selected to narrow down the fishing ground area. Then, the fishing ground area is further narrowed down by combining the dense area of ​​50-meter isotherms, so as to screen out the central fishing ground for squid.

[0012] (6) For fishing grounds outside the line, first select the sea area where the ocean current at a depth of 100 meters flows from the exclusive economic zone line to the area outside the line. It would be even better if the ocean current at a depth of 50 meters also flows from inside the line to outside the line. Then select the area near the dense sea surface temperature line at a depth of 50 meters to narrow down the fishing ground area as the central fishing ground for squid.

[0013] (7) Based on the direction of ocean currents and areas with dense isotherms, avoid the central area of ​​the seabed hills, thereby further avoiding non-fishing grounds for squid.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the fishing ground change pattern in step (1) is mainly derived from the detailed real-time ship position and production data, combined with the analysis of bottom ocean currents, bottom water temperature distribution and dense areas, and seabed topographic elements.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), the ocean current is selected from the ocean current at a depth of 100 meters while also referencing the ocean current at a depth of 50 meters, and the bottom water temperature is selected from the water temperature at a depth of 50 meters while also referencing the water temperature at a depth of 100 meters.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the trawl fishing ground is larger than the squid fishing ground, and fishing can still be carried out when the squid population in the fishing ground is relatively scattered, while the squid fishing ground requires a location with a higher fish population density to be able to catch fish.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the in-line fishing ground prediction index in step (3) is mainly determined based on the ocean current vortex at 100 meters, the dense water temperature zone, and the seabed topography (around the seabed hills); the out-of-line fishing ground prediction index is mainly based on the fact that the ocean current flowing from the in-line to the out-of-line near the sea area at 100 meters of water layer is a good fishing ground, while the ocean current flowing from the out-of-line to the in-line is a poor fishing ground and should be avoided.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the seabed topography in step (4) has important indicative significance for both the fishing grounds inside and outside the line. The seabed hills will block the squid school, thereby causing the fish to gather around the hills.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, in step (5), the fishing grounds inside the line are the main distribution areas of squid, and the average yield per boat in the fishing grounds is significantly higher than that in the fishing grounds outside the line, while the spatiotemporal variation rate of the fishing grounds is lower than that in the fishing grounds outside the line.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the fishing grounds outside the boundary line in step (6) mainly operate within 10 nautical miles of the boundary line and are distributed in a narrow north-south shape. The fishing grounds are often affected by the change in the direction of the bottom 100-meter ocean current, resulting in the switching between the southern and northern fishing grounds.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, in step (7), the non-fishing grounds for squid are mainly distributed in the central sea area of ​​the seabed hills and in areas where the water temperature isobars are relatively dispersed.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0023] 1. The high spatial resolution visualization layers and data of sea state elements, including bottom water temperature, ocean currents, and seabed topography, are used to finely depict the environmental characteristics of squid fishing grounds, and to more accurately grasp the changing patterns and influencing factors of fishing grounds.

[0024] 2. Based on the principle of similarity between suitable environments in and out of fishing grounds, suitable fishing grounds can be effectively predicted from each other;

[0025] 3. Based on the above methods, the accuracy and real-time nature of fishery forecasts have been significantly improved, making them more closely aligned with actual production results;

[0026] 4. The bottom water temperature of fishing boats within the fishing line is an important indicator of the suitable water temperature for the central fishing grounds outside the line. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the predictive analysis of central and non-fishing grounds within the Atlantic squid line;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the prediction and analysis of the central fishing grounds outside the Atlantic squid line; Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a real-time prediction method for Atlantic squid fishing grounds based on hydrological and topographical elements is proposed. This method combines spatial characteristics of bottom water temperature, ocean currents, and topographical features to predict the location of the central fishing ground in real time. In daily fishing ground forecasting practice, the method first retrieves an overlay layer of ocean currents at a water depth of 100 meters and water temperature isolines at a depth of 50 meters. Then, the fishing ground is roughly determined based on the eddies and directions of the ocean currents. Simultaneously, the dense areas of the 50-meter isotherms are used to further narrow down the fishing ground area. The central fishing ground is demarcated with a red box. Fishing vessels can then be dispatched in advance to detect fish schools based on the predicted fishing ground map, achieving the goal of real-time and accurate fishing ground prediction.

[0032] The main steps include the following:

[0033] (1) Summarize and generalize the fine variation patterns of Atlantic squid fishing vessels and screen the factors affecting fishing grounds. Focus on analyzing the influence of ocean currents (preferably ocean currents at a depth of 100 meters while also referring to ocean currents at a depth of 50 meters), bottom water temperature (preferably water temperature at a depth of 50 meters while also referring to water temperature at a depth of 100 meters), seabed depth and topography on the spatial and temporal distribution of fishing grounds, so as to establish a fishing ground reference index system and real-time prediction method based on the combination of bottom water temperature and bottom ocean current spatial characteristics.

[0034] (2) Based on the exclusive economic zone line, the squid fishing grounds are divided into two major areas: inside the line and outside the line. The inside line (Figure 1) and the outside line (Figure 2) are the two major areas of squid fishing grounds. Figure 2 The fishing grounds within the line are mainly for squid fishing, while the fishing grounds outside the line are mainly for squid fishing, as well as more than 40 trawlers fishing for squid. The environmental characteristics of the squid fishing and trawlers' central fishing grounds are highly similar, so the same prediction index system can be used to predict squid fishing grounds.

[0035] (3) Based on the spatial distribution of various sea state elements in the fishing grounds obtained from the distant-water fisheries service platform, it was found that the spatial variation of sea temperature in the 100-meter water layer of the fishing grounds was very small, within only 0.6 degrees Celsius, making it difficult to distinguish areas of high sea temperature concentration. However, the distribution of areas of high sea temperature concentration in the 50-meter water layer was more obvious. For fishing grounds within the line, we first selected areas with whirlpools, especially clockwise whirlpool areas, as one of the reference indicators for the fishing grounds. For fishing grounds outside the line, we first selected areas where the ocean current flows from within the line to the side outside the line as the central fishing grounds. Figure 2 The ocean currents mentioned are mainly referenced to the 100-meter water layer currents, and it is even better if the 50-meter water layer currents also flow from inside the line to outside the line;

[0036] (4) According to the characteristics of Atlantic squid fishing vessels, the general operating water depth is 100-116 meters. In the Atlantic operating area, a good fishing ground will be formed in the seabed shallower than 100 meters, that is, 5 nautical miles away from the seabed hills. Therefore, seabed topography is one of the important indicators for predicting squid fishing grounds.

[0037] (5) For fishing grounds within the line, the first choice is the area around the small underwater hills. At the same time, the location with clockwise or counterclockwise vortex currents is selected to narrow down the fishing ground area. Then, the fishing ground area is further narrowed down by combining the dense area of ​​50-meter isotherms, so as to screen out the central fishing ground for squid.

[0038] (6) For fishing grounds outside the line, first select the sea area where the ocean current at a depth of 100 meters flows from the exclusive economic zone line to the area outside the line. It would be even better if the ocean current at a depth of 50 meters also flows from inside the line to outside the line. Then select the area near the dense sea surface temperature line at a depth of 50 meters to narrow down the fishing ground area as the central fishing ground for squid.

[0039] (7) Based on the direction of ocean currents and areas with dense isotherms, avoid the central area of ​​the seabed hills, thereby further avoiding non-fishing grounds for squid.

[0040] The changes in fishing grounds in step (1) are mainly derived from detailed real-time ship positions and production data, combined with bottom ocean currents, bottom water temperature distribution and dense areas, and distribution of seabed topographic elements.

[0041] In step (2), the trawl fishing ground is larger than the squid fishing ground, and fishing can still be carried out when the squid population in the fishing ground is relatively scattered, while the squid fishing ground requires a higher fish density to be able to catch fish.

[0042] The in-line fishing ground prediction indicators in step (3) are mainly determined based on the ocean current eddies at 100 meters, dense water temperature areas, and seabed topography (surrounding small seabed hills); the out-of-line fishing ground prediction indicators are mainly based on the fact that the ocean currents flowing from the in-line to the out-of-line near the 100-meter water layer are good fishing grounds, while the ocean currents flowing from the out-of-line to the in-line are poor fishing grounds and should be avoided.

[0043] In step (4), the seabed topography is of great significance for both the fishing grounds inside and outside the line. The seabed hills will block the squid schools, causing the fish to gather around the hills.

[0044] In step (5), the fishing grounds within the line are the main distribution areas of squid, and the average yield per boat in the fishing grounds is significantly higher than that in the fishing grounds outside the line. The spatiotemporal variation rate of the fishing grounds is lower than that in the fishing grounds outside the line.

[0045] The fishing grounds outside the boundary line in step (6) mainly operate within 10 nautical miles of the boundary line and are distributed in a narrow north-south shape. The fishing grounds are often affected by the change in the direction of the bottom 100-meter ocean current, resulting in the switching between the southern and northern fishing grounds.

[0046] In step (7), the non-fishing grounds for squid are mainly distributed in the central area of ​​the seabed hills and in areas where the water temperature isobars are relatively dispersed.

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A real-time prediction method for Atlantic squid fishing grounds based on underlying hydrological and topographical elements, characterized in that, Real-time prediction of the location of central fishing grounds based on a combination of spatial characteristics of bottom water temperature, ocean currents, and topographic features includes the following steps: (1) Summarize and summarize the fine variation patterns of Atlantic squid fishing vessels and screen the factors affecting fishing grounds. Focus on analyzing the impact of ocean currents, bottom water temperature, seabed depth and topographic elements on the spatial and temporal distribution of fishing grounds, so as to establish a fishing ground reference index system and real-time prediction method based on the combination of bottom water temperature and bottom ocean current spatial characteristics. (2) Based on the exclusive economic zone line, the squid fishing grounds are divided into two major squid fishing grounds: the inner and outer fishing grounds. The inner fishing grounds are mainly for squid fishing, while the outer fishing grounds are mainly for squid fishing, as well as 40 trawl squid fishing vessels. The environmental characteristics of the squid fishing and trawl squid fishing grounds are highly similar, so the same prediction index system can be used to predict the squid fishing grounds. (3) Based on the spatial distribution of various sea state elements in the fishing grounds obtained from the distant-water fishery service platform, it was found that the spatial distribution of sea temperature in the 100-meter water layer of the fishing grounds was very small, within only 0.6 degrees, making it difficult to distinguish the dense water temperature areas, while the dense water temperature areas in the 50-meter water layer were more obvious; for the fishing grounds within the line, the area with whirlpools was used as one of the reference indicators for the fishing grounds, while for the fishing grounds outside the line, the area where the ocean current flows from the inside line to the outside line was used as the central fishing ground, with the ocean current in the 100-meter water layer as a reference; (4) According to the characteristics of Atlantic squid fishing vessels, the operating water depth is 100-116 meters. In the Atlantic operating area, a good fishing ground will be formed in the seabed shallower than 100 meters, that is, 5 nautical miles away from the seabed hills. Therefore, seabed topography is one of the important indicators for predicting squid fishing grounds. (5) For the fishing grounds within the line, the area around the small underwater hills is selected to narrow down the fishing grounds by choosing locations with whirlpool currents. The fishing grounds are further narrowed down by combining the dense areas of 50-meter isotherms, thereby screening out the central fishing grounds for squid. (6) For fishing grounds outside the line, first select the sea area where the ocean current flows from the exclusive economic zone line to the area outside the line at a depth of 100 meters, and then select the area near the dense sea surface temperature line at a depth of 50 meters to narrow down the fishing ground area as the central fishing ground for squid. (7) Based on the direction of ocean currents and areas of dense isotherms, avoid the central area of ​​the seabed hills, thereby further avoiding non-fishing grounds for squid; The fishing ground variation pattern in step (1) is derived from the detailed real-time ship position and production data, combined with the bottom ocean current, bottom water temperature distribution and the distribution of seabed topographic elements in dense areas. In step (1), the ocean current is selected based on the ocean current at a depth of 100 meters while also taking into account the ocean current at a depth of 50 meters, and the bottom water temperature is selected based on the water temperature at a depth of 50 meters while also taking into account the water temperature at a depth of 100 meters. In step (2), the trawl fishing ground is larger than the squid fishing ground, and fishing can still be carried out when the squid school in the fishing ground is relatively scattered, while the squid fishing ground requires a certain fish density to be able to catch fish. The in-line fishing ground prediction index in step (3) is determined based on the ocean current eddies, dense water temperature areas and seabed topography at 100 meters; the out-of-line fishing ground prediction index is based on the fact that the ocean currents flowing from the in-line to the out-of-line near the 100-meter water layer are good fishing grounds, while the ocean currents flowing from the out-of-line to the in-line are poor fishing grounds and should be avoided. In step (4), the seabed topography has important indicative significance for both the fishing grounds inside and outside the line. The seabed hills will block the squid school, causing the fish to gather around the hills. In step (5), the fishing grounds inside the line are the distribution area of ​​squid, and the average yield per boat in the fishing grounds is significantly higher than that in the fishing grounds outside the line. The spatiotemporal variation rate of the fishing grounds is lower than that in the fishing grounds outside the line. In step (6), the fishing grounds outside the boundary line operate within 10 nautical miles of the boundary line and are distributed in a narrow north-south shape. The fishing grounds are often affected by the change in the direction of the bottom 100-meter ocean current, resulting in the switching between the southern and northern fishing grounds.

2. The real-time prediction method for Atlantic squid fishing grounds based on bottom hydrological and topographic elements according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (7), the non-fishing grounds of squid are located in the central area of ​​the seabed hills and in areas where the water temperature isobars are relatively dispersed.

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