Anchor roof bolting sublevel open stope method for phosphate mining

Abstract

The application discloses an anchor rod roof protection sublevel open stope method for phosphate ore mining and relates to the technical field of phosphate ore mining. The anchor rod roof protection sublevel open stope method for phosphate ore mining, the anchor rod driving equipment comprises a vehicle frame, a roller is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle frame, a first fixing seat is symmetrically arranged at one side of the top of the vehicle frame, an inclined plate is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the vehicle frame, second fixing seats are symmetrically arranged on the inclined plate, an anchor rod driving mechanism is rotatably connected between the second fixing seats, the anchor rod driving mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a bottom block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed frame, a hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected between the first fixing seats, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the bottom block, a threaded rod is rotatably connected in the fixed frame, and a moving plate is screwed on the threaded rod. The second anchor rod can be inserted into the first anchor rod when the concrete in the first anchor rod has not started to coagulate, and the concrete completely fixes the second anchor rod and the first anchor rod; compared with a single anchor rod, the double-anchor-rod structure is more stable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of phosphate mining, in particular to an anchor rod roof protection sublevel open stope method for phosphate mining. BACKGROUND

[0002] The mining of gently inclined ore bodies has always been a problem in the field of mining. Due to the small inclination angle of the ore body, the ore cannot be self-slipped, and the ore extraction is difficult, resulting in that many gently inclined ore bodies are difficult to be efficiently mined. The sublevel open stope method arranges the stope along the ore body and arranges the ore loading drifts between the stope, and the ore loading drifts are arranged vertically to the ore body, with a spacing of 50-60 m, and the length of the stope is equal to the spacing of the drifts.

[0003] At present, when using anchor rods to reinforce the tunnel, the anchor rods are generally first punched and then concrete is injected, and the concrete cannot be injected at the same time as the anchor rods are punched. The structural stability of a single anchor rod is poor, resulting in poor support effect of the anchor rod and poor safety of the tunnel. Therefore, a new solution is proposed in the present application. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an anchor rod roof protection sublevel open stope method for phosphate mining to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: an anchor rod roof protection sublevel open stope method for phosphate mining, comprising the following steps: step one: arranging the stope along the ore body and dividing the stope in height, designing the preparation engineering in the stable surrounding rock outside the ore body, and excavating the sublevel drilling gallery in the surrounding rock outside the ore body; using anchor rod punching equipment to insert a plurality of anchor rods into the sublevel drilling gallery, and then using a grouting machine to inject concrete into the anchor rods to reinforce the sublevel drilling gallery;

[0006] Step two: constructing a fan-shaped distribution of medium-deep holes in the sublevel drilling gallery towards the ore body, and conducting secondary delineation of the ore body boundary and ore body state survey in combination with production exploration and different phenomena in the ore body and surrounding rock during the medium-deep hole drilling process;

[0007] Step three: using the medium-deep hole slotting to extract the ore in zones, dividing the stope into zones for extraction, and dynamically controlling the length of the extraction zone according to the stability of the surrounding rock of the ore body to realize the control of the stope roof span;

[0008] Step four: repeating steps one to three to complete the mining operation.

[0009] Further, the anchor rod driving device comprises a frame, wheels are arranged at the bottom of the frame, first fixing seats are symmetrically arranged at one side of the top of the frame, an inclined plate is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the frame, second fixing seats are symmetrically arranged on the inclined plate, an anchor rod driving mechanism is rotatably connected between the second fixing seats, the anchor rod driving mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a bottom block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed frame, a hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected between the first fixing seats, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to the bottom block, a threaded rod is rotatably connected in the fixed frame, a moving plate is screwed on the threaded rod, the moving plate is slidably connected to the fixed frame, a moving motor is arranged on one side of the fixed frame, the output end of the moving motor is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod, an outer shell is fixedly connected to the moving plate, a rotating motor is arranged on one side of the moving plate, the output end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected with a horizontal shaft, the horizontal shaft is arranged in the outer shell, a triangular chuck is welded to one end of the horizontal shaft, and an anchor rod locking head is arranged in the triangular chuck.

[0010] Further, the anchor rod locking head comprises an inner tube, outer tubes are symmetrically arranged on the inner tube, bearings are rotatably connected to one side of the outer tubes, a sealing tube is integrally formed between the bearings, a plurality of strip-shaped holes are equidistantly arranged in the middle of the inner tube, a nut head is welded to one end of the inner tube, a cavity is formed between the sealing tube and the inner tube, and a conveying pipe is connected to the side of the sealing tube.

[0011] Further, one end of the fixed frame is provided with a limiting structure, the limiting structure comprises a storage seat, a U-shaped hole is formed in the storage seat, air cylinders are arranged on the two sides of the storage seat, limiting plates are fixedly connected to the output ends of the air cylinders, and the limiting plates are symmetrically located in the U-shaped hole.

[0012] Further, one end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected with a disc, side plates are fixedly connected to the two sides of the disc, and circular holes are arranged in the side plates.

[0013] Further, fixed plates are welded to the four corners of the bottom of the frame, screw rods are screwed on the fixed plates, rotating heads are arranged at the top of the screw rods, and bases are welded to the bottom of the rotating heads.

[0014] Further, a control cabinet is arranged at the top of the frame, and the hydraulic cylinder, the moving motor and the rotating motor are electrically connected with the control cabinet.

[0015] Further, bottom plates are symmetrically welded to one side of the bottom of the fixed frame, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the bottom plates, and the rotating shaft is fixed between the second fixing seats.

[0016] Further, convex blocks are integrally formed on the bottom of the moving plate, and grooves matched with the convex blocks are arranged on the two sides of the fixed frame.

[0017] Further, rectangular holes through which the limiting plates pass are arranged on the two sides of the storage seat.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the anchor rod driving device has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The anchor rod roof supporting sublevel open stope method for phosphate mining can insert the second anchor rod into the first anchor rod when the concrete in the first anchor rod has not started to set, and the concrete completely fixes the second anchor rod and the first anchor rod, and compared with a single anchor rod, the double anchor rod has better structural stability, the concrete can completely fill the anchor rod hole, the second anchor rod and the first anchor rod, has better safety factor, and the device can also inject the concrete slurry while punching the anchor rod, saves time and improves work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application after removing the frame part;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the anchor rod punching mechanism of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the anchor rod locking head of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a split structure schematic diagram of the anchor rod locking head of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the limiting structure of the present application.

[0026] In the figure: 1, frame; 101, roller; 102, fixed plate; 103, screw; 104, rotating head; 105, base; 106, first fixed seat; 107, inclined plate; 108, second fixed seat; 109, hydraulic cylinder; 2, control cabinet; 3, anchor rod punching mechanism; 301, fixed frame; 302, bottom block; 303, threaded rod; 304, moving plate; 305, shell; 306, rotating motor; 307, moving motor; 308, triangular chuck; 309, bottom plate; 310, rotating shaft; 4, anchor rod locking head; 401, inner tube; 402, outer tube; 403, mounting groove; 404, strip hole; 405, nut head; 406, bearing sealing seat; 407, sealing tube; 408, connecting hole; 5, limiting structure; 501, storage seat; 502, air cylinder; 503, limiting plate; 504, disc; 505, side plate; 506, round hole; 6, conveying pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] With reference to the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0029] In addition, it should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the sizes of various components shown in the drawings are not drawn in accordance with the actual proportional relationship, for example, the thickness or width of certain layers can be exaggerated relative to other layers.

[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined or described in one drawing, it will not need to be further specifically discussed and described in the description of subsequent drawings.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1-6 The present application provides a technical solution: an anchor rod roof protection sublevel open stope method for phosphate mining, comprising the following steps: step one: arranging the stope along the strike of the ore body, dividing the sublevel on the stope height, designing the preparation engineering in the stable surrounding rock outside the ore body, excavating the sublevel drilling roadway in the surrounding rock outside the ore body; using the anchor rod driving equipment to insert a plurality of anchor rods into the sublevel drilling roadway, and then using the grouting machine to inject concrete into the anchor rods to reinforce the sublevel drilling roadway;

[0032] Step two: constructing the medium-deep hole in the form of a fan distribution in the sublevel drilling roadway towards the ore body, combining the production exploration and different phenomena in the ore body and surrounding rock during the medium-deep hole drilling process to conduct secondary delineation of the ore body boundary and investigation of the ore body state;

[0033] Step three: using the medium-deep hole slot to extract the ore in the partition, dividing the stope into partitions for extraction, dynamically controlling the length of the extraction partition according to the stability of the surrounding rock of the ore body to realize the control of the stope roof span;

[0034] Step four: repeating steps one to three to complete the mining operation.

[0035] As a specific example, the anchor rod driving device comprises a frame 1, the bottom of the frame 1 is provided with a plurality of rollers 101, one side of the top of the frame 1 is symmetrically provided with a first fixing seat 106, one side of the top of the frame 1 is fixedly connected with an inclined plate 107, the inclined plate 107 is symmetrically provided with a second fixing seat 108, the second fixing seat 108 is rotatably connected with an anchor rod driving mechanism 3, the anchor rod driving mechanism 3 comprises a fixed frame 301, the bottom of the fixed frame 301 is fixedly connected with a bottom block 302, the first fixing seat 106 is rotatably connected with a hydraulic cylinder 109, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 109 is hinged to the bottom block 302, the fixed frame 301 is rotatably connected with a threaded rod 303, the threaded rod 303 is screwed with a moving plate 304, the moving plate 304 is slidably connected with the fixed frame 301, one side of the fixed frame 301 is provided with a moving motor 307, the output end of the moving motor 307 is fixedly connected with one end of the threaded rod 303, the moving plate 304 is fixedly connected with an outer shell 305, one side of the moving plate 304 is provided with a rotating motor 306, the output end of the rotating motor 306 is fixedly connected with a horizontal shaft, the horizontal shaft is arranged in the outer shell 305, one end of the horizontal shaft is welded with a triangular chuck 308, the triangular chuck 308 is arranged with an anchor rod locking head 4. Wherein, the bottom of the fixed frame 301 is symmetrically welded with a bottom plate 309, the bottom plate 309 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 310, the rotating shaft 310 is fixed between the second fixing seat 108.

[0036] As a specific example, the anchor rod locking head 4 comprises an inner tube 401, the inner tube 401 is symmetrically provided with an outer tube 402, one side of the outer tube 402 is rotatably connected with a bearing sealing seat 406, it is to be known that one side of the outer tube 402 is provided with a mounting groove 403 for mounting the bearing sealing seat 406, the bearing sealing seat 406 is integrally formed with a sealing tube 407 between the bearing sealing seat 406, the sealing tube 407 is provided with a connecting hole 408, a plurality of strip-shaped holes 404 are equidistantly arranged in the middle of the inner tube 401, one end of the inner tube 401 is welded with a nut head 405, the sealing tube 407 and the inner tube 401 form a cavity therebetween, the sealing tube 407 is connected with a conveying pipe 6. The anchor rod locking head 4 can be replaced according to different anchor rods, it is to be known that the bearing sealing seat 406 is rotatably connected with the outer tube 402, and a sealing rubber ring can be inserted between the bearing sealing seat 406 and the outer tube 402 for sealing treatment, so that the concrete is difficult to overflow, specifically, when the inner tube 401 rotates, the inner tube 401 can drive the anchor rod to rotate, and the bearing sealing seat 406 is rotatably connected with the outer tube 402, so that the sealing tube 407 does not rotate with the inner tube 401.

[0037] As a specific example, the fixed frame 301 is provided with a limiting structure 5 at one end, the limiting structure 5 comprises a storage seat 501, the storage seat 501 is formed with a U-shaped hole, and the storage seat 501 is provided with a pneumatic cylinder 502 on both sides, and the output end of the pneumatic cylinder 502 is fixedly connected with a limiting plate 503, and the limiting plate 503 is symmetrically located in the U-shaped hole, wherein the fixed frame 301 is fixedly connected with a disc 504 at one end, and the disc 504 is fixedly connected with a side plate 505 on both sides, and the side plate 505 is provided with a circular hole 506.

[0038] As a specific example, the bottom of the frame 1 is welded with a fixed plate 102 at four corners, the fixed plate 102 is screwed with a screw rod 103, the top of the screw rod 103 is provided with a rotating head 104, and the bottom of the rotating head 104 is welded with a base 105. It should be noted that when the frame 1 moves to a specified position, the rotating rotating head 104 can be controlled, the rotating head 104 drives the screw rod 103 to rotate, since the screw rod 103 is screwed with the fixed plate 102, so that the screw rod 103 drives the base 105 to move downward, thereby making the base 105 contact with the ground, thereby improving the stability of the device.

[0039] As a specific example, the top of the frame 1 is provided with a control cabinet 2, the hydraulic cylinder 109, the moving motor 307 and the rotating motor 306 are electrically connected with the control cabinet 2. Through the control cabinet 2, the opening and closing of the hydraulic cylinder 109, the moving motor 307 and the rotating motor 306 can be controlled in real time, which is simple to operate and has high automation degree.

[0040] As a specific example, the bottom of the moving plate 304 is symmetrically integrally formed with a protrusion, and the two sides of the fixed frame 301 are provided with grooves matched with the protrusions. It should be noted that the grooves on the fixed frame 301 limit the movement of the moving plate 304, so that the moving plate 304 can only move on the fixed frame 301.

[0041] Particularly, when the anchor rod needs to be punched and grouted, first, the anchor rod locking head 4 of the corresponding specification is installed into the triangular chuck 308, then the anchor rod is screwed into the nut head 405, then the hydraulic cylinder 109 is started to adjust the angle of the anchor rod, when the angle is appropriate, the hydraulic cylinder 109 is temporarily stopped, then the rotating motor 306 and the moving motor 307 are started, so that the anchor rod moves while rotating, thereby making the anchor rod inserted into the tunnel, then the grouting machine is started, the grouting machine pours concrete into the delivery pipe 6, then the concrete enters the cavity between the inner pipe 401 and the sealing pipe 407, then enters the inner pipe 401 through the strip-shaped hole 404 on the inner pipe 401, and finally enters the anchor rod, the concrete is poured into the anchor rod and the cylindrical hole punched by the anchor rod, then the air cylinder 502 is started, the air cylinder 502 drives the limiting plate 503 to tightly press the anchor rod, thereby fixing the anchor rod, then the rotating motor 306 is reversed, thereby loosening the anchor rod, then the anchor rod locking head 4 is removed, and a new anchor rod locking head 4 is replaced, then the second anchor rod is screwed into the new anchor rod locking head 4, it should be noted that the diameter of the second anchor rod is smaller than that of the first anchor rod, but the length of the second anchor rod is greater than that of the first anchor rod, the above steps are repeated, it should be noted that the concrete in the first anchor rod has not begun to set at this time, and the second anchor rod is inserted into the first anchor rod, at the same time, the concrete completely fixes the second anchor rod and the first anchor rod, and the structural stability is better.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of the present application being defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A segmented open-field method for anchor bolt roof support in phosphate mining, characterized by: The process includes the following steps: Step 1: The mining area is laid out along the strike of the ore body and divided into sections at the mining height. The preparatory engineering is designed to be carried out in the stable surrounding rock outside the ore body, and the section drilling tunnels are excavated in the surrounding rock outside the ore body. Multiple anchor bolts are inserted into the section drilling tunnels using anchor bolt driving equipment, and then concrete is injected into the anchor bolts using a grouting machine to reinforce the section drilling tunnels. Step 2: Drill medium-deep holes in a fan shape into the ore body within the segmented drilling tunnel. Combine production exploration and different phenomena in the ore body and surrounding rock during the medium-deep hole drilling process to conduct secondary delineation of the ore body boundary and ore body condition investigation. Step 3: Utilize medium-deep hole slotting to extract ore in zones. Divide the stope into zones for mining and dynamically adjust the length of the mining zones based on the stability of the surrounding rock of the ore body in order to control the span of the stope roof. Step 4: Repeat steps 1 to 3 to complete the mining operation; The anchor bolt driving device includes a frame (1), with rollers (101) installed at the bottom of the frame (1), and first fixing seats (106) symmetrically fixed on one side of the top of the frame (1). An inclined plate (107) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the frame (1), and second fixing seats (108) are symmetrically fixed on the inclined plate (107). An anchor bolt driving mechanism (3) is rotatably connected between the second fixing seats (108). The anchor bolt driving mechanism (3) includes a fixing frame (301), with a base block (302) fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame (301). A hydraulic cylinder (109) is rotatably connected between the first fixing seats (106), with one end of the hydraulic cylinder (109) hinged to the base block (302). A threaded rod (3) is rotatably connected in the fixing frame (301). 03), a movable plate (304) is screwed onto the threaded rod (303). The movable plate (304) is slidably connected to the fixed frame (301). A movable motor (307) is provided on one side of the fixed frame (301). The output end of the movable motor (307) is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (303). A housing (305) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (304). A rotary motor (306) is provided on one side of the movable plate (304). A horizontal shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary motor (306). The horizontal shaft is set in the housing (305). A triangular chuck (308) is welded to one end of the horizontal shaft. An anchor bolt locking head (4) is installed in the triangular chuck (308). A disc (504) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed frame (301). 04) Side plates (505) are fixedly connected to both sides, and round holes (506) are opened on both side plates (505). Fixing plates (102) are welded to the four corners of the bottom of the frame (1). Screws (103) are screwed onto the fixing plates (102). Rotating heads (104) are provided on the top of the screws (103). Bases (105) are welded to the bottom of the rotating heads (104). Control cabinet (2) is provided on the top of the frame (1). Hydraulic cylinder (109), moving motor (307) and rotating motor (306) are electrically connected to control cabinet (2). The anchor bolt locking head (4) includes an inner tube (401). An outer tube (402) is symmetrically provided on the inner tube (401). A bearing is rotatably connected to one side of the outer tube (402). A sealing tube (407) is integrally formed between the sealing seat (406) and the bearing sealing seat (406). Multiple strip holes (404) are equally spaced in the middle of the inner tube (401). A nut head (405) is welded to one end of the inner tube (401). A cavity is formed between the sealing tube (407) and the inner tube (401). A conveying tube (6) is connected to the side of the sealing tube (407). A limiting structure (5) is provided at one end of the fixed frame (301). The limiting structure (5) includes a storage seat (501). A U-shaped hole is formed on the storage seat (501). Cylinders (502) are provided on both sides of the storage seat (501). A limiting plate (503) is fixedly connected to the output end of each cylinder (502). The limiting plate (503) is symmetrically located in the U-shaped hole. When anchor bolts need to be driven in and grouting is required, first install the corresponding specification anchor bolt locking head into the triangular chuck, then screw the anchor bolt into the nut head. Next, turn on the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the angle of the anchor bolt so that it is inserted into the tunnel. Then, turn on the grouting machine, which injects concrete into the delivery pipe. The concrete then enters the cavity between the inner pipe and the sealing pipe, and then enters the inner pipe through the slot on the inner pipe. Finally, it enters the anchor bolt. Then, turn on the cylinder, which drives the limit plate to press the anchor bolt tightly, fixing it in place. Then, rotate the motor in reverse to loosen the anchor bolt. Then, remove the anchor bolt locking head and replace it with a new one. Next, screw the second anchor bolt into the new anchor bolt locking head. The diameter of the second anchor bolt is smaller than that of the first anchor bolt, but its length is greater than that of the first anchor bolt. At this time, the concrete in the first anchor bolt has not yet begun to set, while the second anchor bolt will be inserted into the first anchor bolt. At the same time, the concrete completely fixes the second anchor bolt and the first anchor bolt in place.

2. The segmented open-field method for anchor bolt roof support in phosphate mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixed frame (301) is symmetrically welded with a base plate (309), and a rotating shaft (310) is rotatably connected between the base plates (309). The rotating shaft (310) is fixed between the second fixed seats (108).

3. The segmented open-field method for anchor bolt roof support in phosphate mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the movable plate (304) is integrally formed with symmetrical protrusions, and the fixed frame (301) has grooves on both sides that are adapted to the protrusions.

4. The segmented open-field method for anchor bolt roof support in phosphate mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage base (501) has rectangular holes on both sides for the limiting plate (503) to pass through.

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