A magnetic fluid zero-carbon light-guided solar heat collector

Abstract

The present invention discloses a magneto-fluid zero-carbon light-guiding solar heat collection device, belonging to the fields of solar thermal utilization and optical fiber light guiding. It includes a sunlight light-guiding device, a solar energy absorption device, and a solar positioning and tracking reflection device. The sunlight light-guiding device is connected to the solar energy absorption device, and the solar energy absorption device is fixed on the solar positioning and tracking reflection device. The sunlight light-guiding device includes a condenser lens, and the focal point of the condenser lens is rotatably connected to one end of a light-guiding optical fiber, and the other end of the light-guiding optical fiber is fixedly connected to the solar energy absorption device. The present invention inserts the light-guiding optical fiber deep into the heat collection tube. Based on the existing direct absorption type solar heat collection device, it can collect the sunlight that is not utilized on the side of the solar energy absorption device and introduce it into the middle area with a slower temperature rise through the light-guiding optical fiber, solving the technical problem of slow internal temperature rise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of solar thermal utilization and optical fiber light guiding, and particularly relates to a magnetic fluid zero-carbon light guiding solar heat collection device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of social economy, a large number of places also need electric lighting during the day to meet the living needs, and the combustion of fossil energy for power generation will cause the acceleration of carbon emissions. Therefore, it is extremely important to save energy and develop new energy to reduce the pollution brought by energy consumption to the environment. As a renewable, globally distributed, and non-polluting energy source after use, solar energy has received increasing attention. The solar optical fiber light guiding system mainly consists of a daylighting device and a light guiding device. This system is currently mainly applied to the lighting of indoor and underground places during the day, effectively reducing power consumption and carbon emissions, and alleviating the tense situation of energy supply.

[0003] Although the existing technology has greatly improved the solar heat collection efficiency, both from the heat transfer mechanism and the experimental data results, it is reflected that in the entire absorption working medium, the heat absorption temperature difference of each part is still very large. Generally, the position closest to the direct sunlight surface warms up the fastest, the farthest position warms up the slowest, or the outside warms up fast and the inside warms up slow, resulting in slow overall warming and long heat transfer time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the invention is the problems such as slow heat absorption and long heat transfer time caused by uneven heat absorption of the existing direct absorption type collector. The present invention proposes a magnetic fluid zero-carbon light guiding solar heat collection device, which can introduce the collected sunlight into the part of the heat collection tube with slower heat absorption through an optical fiber on the basis of not affecting the normal absorption of solar energy by the heat collection tube, and add an external magnetic field to control the absorption unit to concentrate at the light dispersion place, so that the overall heat collection and heat transfer of the absorption working medium are more uniform and fast, and further improve the absorption and transmission of solar energy by the absorption working medium.

[0005] The present invention solves its technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A magnetic fluid zero-carbon light guiding solar heat collection device includes a sunlight light guiding device, a solar energy absorption device, and a solar energy positioning and tracking reflection device. The sunlight light guiding device is connected to the solar energy absorption device, and the solar energy absorption device is fixed on the solar energy positioning and tracking reflection device;

[0007] The sunlight light guiding device includes a condenser lens, and the focal point of the condenser lens is rotationally connected to one end of a light guiding optical fiber, and the other end of the light guiding optical fiber is fixedly connected to the solar energy absorption device.

[0008] In some embodiments, a solar panel is further provided at the connection between the condenser lens and the light guide optical fiber, and the condenser lens is a Fresnel lens.

[0009] In some embodiments, the solar energy absorption device includes a heat collecting pipe, a glass vacuum inner tube is sleeved outside the heat collecting pipe, a glass vacuum outer tube is sleeved outside the glass vacuum inner tube, the heat collecting pipe, the glass vacuum inner tube and the glass vacuum outer tube are hermetically connected through a fixed baffle, a containing space is formed between the heat collecting pipe and the glass vacuum inner tube, and an absorption working medium is arranged in the heat collecting pipe.

[0010] In some embodiments, an optical fiber inlet and outlet is provided on the fixed baffle, and the light guide optical fiber extends into the heat collecting pipe through the optical fiber inlet and outlet.

[0011] In some embodiments, a water inlet and a water outlet are provided on the fixed baffle, and the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively communicated with the containing space.

[0012] In some embodiments, an absorption working medium inlet and outlet is provided on the fixed baffle, and the absorption working medium inlet and outlet is communicated with the heat collecting pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments, the solar positioning and tracking reflection device includes an arc-shaped light collecting and reflecting plate, a bracket is provided on the light collecting and reflecting plate, and the solar energy absorption device is connected to the bracket through a fixator.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of magnets are provided at two ends of the light collecting and reflecting plate parallel to the solar energy absorption device, and the magnets are connected in series by iron wires and are linearly distributed.

[0015] In some embodiments, an intelligent controller equipped with a light sensing device is arranged on the light collecting and reflecting plate, a rotating disk is provided on the intelligent controller, and a permanent magnet is provided on the rotating disk.

[0016] In some embodiments, the absorption working medium in the heat collecting pipe is a nano magnetic material, and the nano magnetic material is a composite magnetic material formed by Fe3O4 wrapped on the surface of graphene.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, the technical effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present invention is provided with a sunlight light guiding device, so that the sunlight that cannot be utilized on the side of the solar energy absorption device is effectively absorbed, and the utilization rate of sunlight is improved.

[0019] 2. One side of the sunlight absorption device facing the sunlight absorbs direct sunlight, and the side facing away from the sunlight absorbs the sunlight reflected by the concentrating reflector. However, the part in the middle position is difficult to quickly absorb sunlight and warms up slowly. In the present invention, the light guiding optical fiber penetrates deep into the heat collecting tube. Based on the existing direct absorption type solar heat collecting device, by collecting the sunlight not utilized on the side of the solar energy absorption device and guiding it into the middle area with slower temperature rise through the light guiding optical fiber, the technical problem of slow internal temperature rise is solved.

[0020] 3. Further, an absorption working medium is provided inside the heat collecting device. Under the control of an external magnetic field, magnetic nanoparticles gather in the light dispersion area, enabling the middle part to absorb light heat at the same or nearly the same speed as other parts, further improving the heat collection, energy storage efficiency, and heat transfer efficiency of the heat collector, and solving the limitations of slow heat absorption inside the absorption working medium or slow temperature rise and long time relying on heat conduction.

[0021] 4. In the present invention, a solar panel is provided at the connection between the condenser and the light guiding optical fiber. By adjusting the position (i.e., angle) of the condenser according to the absorption condition of the solar panel for sunlight, solar energy can be absorbed and utilized to the maximum extent.

[0022] 5. This device is simple to manufacture and has a low cost. It guides the unused light on the side into the area with slow temperature rise, improving the utilization rate of solar energy and the heat collection efficiency. There are no problems such as low heat transfer efficiency and long temperature rise time caused by uneven heating, and it can adapt to different scenarios such as families and factories. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the sunlight guiding device in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the solar energy absorption device in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the condenser reflecting sunlight in the present invention;

[0027] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0028] 1 - Outer glass vacuum tube, 2 - Inner glass vacuum tube, 3 - Heat collecting tube, 4 - Fixed baffle, 5 - First tension controller, 6 - Water outlet, 7 - Second tension controller, 8 - Absorbent working medium inlet and outlet, 9 - Water inlet, 10 - Third tension controller, 11 - Light guiding optical fiber, 12 - Optical fiber inlet and outlet, 13 - Condensing lens, 14 - Solar panel, 15 - Iron wire, 16 - Magnet, 17 - Condensing reflector, 18 - Tripod, 19 - Fixator, 20 - Bracket, 21 - Permanent magnet, 22 - Intelligent controller, 23 - Rotating disk. Detailed implementation manner

[0029] The following further details the present invention through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only descriptive and not restrictive, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby.

[0030] The research on solar thermal energy is a hot topic of people's research. The direct absorption type solar collector using the direct absorption method of magnetohydrodynamic has attracted extensive attention. The heat transfer mechanism of the magnetic nanofluid direct absorption solar collector is to add magnetic nanoparticles with strong heat collection ability to the traditional heat collection fluid to form a magnetic fluid with good stability and strong spectral absorption as the heat collection medium, so as to realize the direct absorption of solar energy by the heat collection medium. The magnetic nanofluid has both the magnetism of solid substances and the fluidity of liquids. Under the action of an external magnetic field, the magnetic particles in the magnetic nanofluid will aggregate in a small range, and the change in the shape of the aggregates can play a role in enhancing heat transfer. The manufacturing process of the magnetic nanofluid is simple, the cost is low, and it has good heat absorption, heat transfer and heat carrying capabilities, greatly improving the heat collection efficiency.

[0031] As Figures 1-3 shown, a magnetic fluid zero-carbon light guiding solar heat collection device includes a sunlight light guiding device, a solar energy absorption device and a solar energy positioning and tracking reflection device; the sunlight light guiding device is connected to the solar energy absorption device, and the solar energy absorption device is fixed on the solar energy positioning and tracking reflection device.

[0032] The sunlight light guiding device includes a condensing lens (13), one end of the condensing lens (13) is rotatably connected to one end of the light guiding optical fiber (11), and a solar panel (14) is also provided at the connection between the condensing lens (13) and the light guiding optical fiber (11). When the condensing lens 13 is fixed at a certain position, the lighting angle can be adjusted. When the power of the solar panel 14 is the largest, the angle at this time is the most suitable. The condensing lens 13 can collect the sunlight on the side of the solar energy absorption device, the focus is connected to the light guiding optical fiber 11, the optical fiber transmits the sunlight, and the tail extends into the part with slow heat transfer in the middle of the heat collecting tube 3 through the optical fiber inlet and outlet 12 and spreads out.

[0033] The condensing lens 13 is selected as a Fresnel lens, and other lenses can also be selected.

[0034] The solar energy absorption device includes a heat collecting tube (3), and a glass vacuum inner tube (2) is sleeved outside the heat collecting tube (3). A glass vacuum outer tube (1) is sleeved outside the glass vacuum inner tube (2). The heat collecting tube (3), the glass vacuum inner tube (2) and the glass vacuum outer tube (1) are fixed on a fixed baffle 4 together through a glass sealing material.

[0035] The fixed baffle is further provided with an optical fiber inlet and outlet (12), and the light guiding optical fiber (11) passes through the optical fiber inlet and outlet (12) and extends into the heat collecting tube (3) to realize the connection between the sunlight light guiding device and the solar energy absorption device. The fixed baffle is further provided with a water inlet (9) and a water outlet (6), and the water inlet (9) and the water outlet (6) are respectively communicated with the accommodation space between the glass vacuum inner tube (2) and the glass vacuum outer tube (1). An absorption working medium is arranged in the heat collecting tube (3), and an absorption working medium inlet and outlet (8) is arranged on the fixed baffle, and the absorption working medium inlet and outlet (8) is communicated with the heat collecting tube (3). The water outlet 6 and the water inlet 9 are respectively connected or disconnected from the water pipe through a first tension controller 5 and a third tension controller 10, and the absorption working medium inlet and outlet 8 and the optical fiber inlet and outlet 12 respectively realize a sealing function through a second tension controller 7, which can seal the absorption working medium inside the heat collecting tube 3 to avoid its leakage.

[0036] The solar energy positioning and tracking reflection device includes an arc-shaped light collecting and reflecting plate (17). The light collecting and reflecting plate - 17 is in a semi-circular arc shape, specifically a U-shaped arc-shaped metal product, and its surface is coated with a thin film material with a high reflectivity. The sunlight around the heat collecting tube 3 is focused by the reflecting surface and intensively reflected onto the heat collecting tube 3, and then is absorbed by the absorption working medium in the heat collecting tube 3. At the same time, some of the light that has not been absorbed by the absorption working medium and penetrates the vacuum tube can be reflected again by the light collecting and reflecting plate 17 to achieve the effect of secondary absorption, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of the part of the heat collecting tube 3 that is farthest from the sun, that is Figure 4 the absorption efficiency of solar energy of part ③ in the figure.

[0037] Both ends of the light collecting and reflecting plate 17 are fixed on a tripod 18, and the concave surface of the light collecting and reflecting plate 17 faces upward.

[0038] The fixer 19 is fixed on the concave surface of the light collecting and reflecting plate 17 through a bracket 20 for fixing the solar energy absorption device.

[0039] Both ends of the concentrator reflector (17) parallel to the solar energy absorption device are provided with a number of magnets (16). The magnet - 16 is a fine substance obtained by mechanically crushing and grinding a magnet steel by a ball mill. The magnets (16) are fixed on the iron wire 15 through aerogel and are linearly distributed. Through the action of a magnetic field, they can gather composite materials with magnetism, high absorption, and high heat conduction in the area where the optical fiber introduces and disperses sunlight, secondarily focusing solar energy, so that the part with slow heat transfer in the middle can fully absorb solar light and heat.

[0040] The intelligent controller 22 is placed on the concave surface of the concentrator reflector 17 and fixed below the rotating disk - 23, and is used to control the rotation angle and rotation speed of the rotating disk 23. Its specific work is to reasonably calculate the moving speed of the sun according to the time and radian from sunrise to sunset, so as to set the angular velocity of the rotation of the rotating disk 23, so that the permanent magnet 21 embedded in the rotating disk 23 is always facing the sun directly, so that the nanoparticle aggregates in the absorption working fluid controlled by the permanent magnet 21 can maximize the absorption of solar light and heat along the direction of the sun's rays and transfer heat at the fastest speed. At the same time, in different seasons, the length of the time period from sunrise to sunset of the sun is different. Therefore, a light - sensing device is set on the surface of the intelligent controller 22 as the working switch of the rotating disk 23. When the sensing device senses sunlight, the rotating disk 23 starts to work. When night falls and the sensing device cannot sense light, the rotating disk 23 stops working. In addition, for energy - saving considerations, a solar panel is installed on the surface of the intelligent device to store energy and provide energy for the rotation of the rotating disk 23 and the operation of the intelligent controller 22. Of course, the power supply device should be selected according to needs, and batteries, generators, or direct connection to household and industrial circuits can also be used.

[0041] The absorption working fluid located in the heat - collecting tube 3 is a base liquid such as heat - conducting oil, water, EG, etc. added with nanoparticles with high absorption rate, high heat conduction rate, and magnetism. Under the action of a dispersant, the nanoparticles can be evenly and stably distributed in the base liquid. Under the action of the permanent magnet - 21, the evenly distributed nanoparticles begin to gather in a small range, forming a chain - like heat channel, which can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of solar energy.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] Preparation of the absorption working fluid: The Fe3O4-graphene composite functional nanofluid was prepared by a two-step method. A trace amount of sodium tripolyphosphate was added to the heat transfer oil, and ultrasonic oscillation was carried out for 20 min under the water bath condition at 60 °C to prepare a heat transfer oil solution of sodium tripolyphosphate with a mass concentration of 2 g / L. A certain mass of dry nano-Fe3O4 powder and nano-graphene were weighed and added to the sodium tripolyphosphate heat transfer oil solution to prepare a composite solution with a volume fraction of 5%. It was stirred with a magnetic heating stirrer and heated to 80 °C, and ultrasonic oscillation was carried out for 35 min under the water bath condition at 80 °C. In this way, Fe3O4 could be completely wrapped on the surface of graphene to form composite magnetic particles, and they were uniformly dispersed in the solution under the action of the dispersant. Graphene has good heat absorption and heat conduction properties but no magnetism, while Fe3O4 has magnetism but poor heat absorption. The above-prepared composite functional nanofluid not only has good heat absorption and heat conduction properties but also has magnetism, can be controlled by a magnetic field, and can aggregate under the action of the magnetic field.

[0044] The working process of this device is as follows:

[0045] When the intelligent controller 22 senses sunlight, the rotating disk 23 drives the permanent magnet 21 to start rotating until it turns to the direction facing the sun. At this time, the device starts to work. First, sunlight passes through the transparent glass vacuum outer tube 1 and the glass vacuum inner tube 2 and shines on the water. A small part of the sunlight is absorbed by the water filled between the glass vacuum inner tube 2 and the heat collection tube 3. Most of the sunlight that is not absorbed by the water passes through the water and reaches the absorption working fluid contained in the heat collection tube 3. As Figure 4 shown, the part ① of the absorption working fluid closest to the sun starts to collect heat. At the same time, the sunlight irradiated on the concentrating reflector 17 enters the water below the heat collection tube 3 after being concentrated and reflected by the concentrating reflector 17. Similarly, the part passing through the water is absorbed and stored by the part ③ of the absorption working fluid. The sunlight collected from the side of the solar energy absorption device is guided by the light guide optical fiber 11. The light guide optical fiber 11 is extended into the part ② of the absorption working fluid. The small magnet 16 fixed on the iron wire 15 controls the aggregation of the magnetic nanofluid in the area where the sunlight is dispersed through the action of the magnetic field, improving the light and heat absorption of the part ②. The part ② absorbs and stores a large amount of light and heat. Since the absorption working fluid absorbs light and heat faster than water, the absorption working fluid transfers the heat it absorbs to the water. Through heat transfer, the water temperature increases. Cold water continuously enters from the water inlet 9, and the heated hot water is discharged through the water outlet 6 for daily household or industrial use. The irradiation angle of sunlight is different at different times. The intelligent controller 22 controls the rotating disk 23 and the permanent magnet 21 to always follow the direction of the sun, receiving the strongest sunlight to the greatest extent. The solar energy absorption device part in this device can also be arranged in large-scale sockets to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0046] In the prior art, the temperature rise of part ① is the fastest, followed by part ②, and finally part ③; when a reflecting surface is installed below the heat collecting tube 3, the temperature rise of part ③ is greater than that of part ②, showing an endothermic characteristic of fast temperature rise around and slow temperature rise in the middle as a whole. In this case, the heat transfer time will be long. The present invention absorbs heat and transfers heat to a greater extent, improves the heat transfer of the middle part of the absorption working medium, and well solves the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic fluid zero-carbon light-guided solar heat collection device, characterized in that, It includes a sunlight light guide device, a solar energy absorption device, and a solar energy positioning, tracking, and reflecting device. The sunlight light guide device is connected to the solar energy absorption device, and the solar energy absorption device is fixed on the solar energy positioning, tracking, and reflecting device; The sunlight light guide device includes a condenser lens (13). The focal point of the condenser lens (13) is rotatably connected to one end of a light guide optical fiber (11), and the other end of the light guide optical fiber (11) is fixedly connected to the solar energy absorption device. A solar panel (14) is also provided at the connection between the condenser lens (13) and the light guide optical fiber (11). The condenser lens (13) is a Fresnel lens; The solar energy absorption device includes a heat collecting pipe (3). A glass vacuum inner tube (2) is sleeved outside the heat collecting pipe (3), and a glass vacuum outer tube (1) is sleeved outside the glass vacuum inner tube (2). The heat collecting pipe (3), the glass vacuum inner tube (2), and the glass vacuum outer tube (1) are hermetically connected through a fixing baffle (4). An accommodation space is formed between the heat collecting pipe (3) and the glass vacuum inner tube (2), and an absorption working medium is provided inside the heat collecting pipe (3).

2. The magnetohydrodynamic zero-carbon light-guided solar heat collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that An optical fiber inlet and outlet (12) is provided on the fixing baffle, and the light guide optical fiber (11) passes through the optical fiber inlet and outlet (12) and extends into the heat collecting pipe (3).

3. The magnetohydrodynamic zero-carbon light-guided solar heat collector device according to claim 1, wherein An inlet (9) and an outlet (6) are provided on the fixing baffle, and the inlet (9) and the outlet (6) are respectively communicated with the accommodation space.

4. The magnetohydrodynamic zero-carbon light-guided solar heat collector device according to claim 1, characterized in that An absorption working medium inlet and outlet (8) is provided on the fixing baffle, and the absorption working medium inlet and outlet (8) is communicated with the heat collecting pipe (3).

5. The magnetohydrodynamic zero-carbon light-guided solar heat collection device according to claim 1, wherein, The solar energy positioning, tracking, and reflecting device includes an arc-shaped light collecting and reflecting plate (17). A bracket (20) is provided on the light collecting and reflecting plate (17), and the solar energy absorption device is connected to the bracket (20) through a fixer (19).

6. The magnetohydrodynamic zero-carbon light-leading solar heat collection device according to claim 5, wherein A number of magnets (16) are provided at both ends of the light collecting and reflecting plate (17) parallel to the solar energy absorption device. The magnets (16) are connected in series through iron wires (15) and are linearly distributed.

7. The magnetohydrodynamic zero-carbon light-guided solar heat collector device according to claim 5, characterized in that, An intelligent controller (22) equipped with a light sensing device is provided on the light collecting and reflecting plate (17). A rotating disk (23) is provided on the intelligent controller (22), and a permanent magnet (21) is provided on the rotating disk (23).

8. The magneto-fluid zero-carbon light-guided solar heat collection device according to claim 1, wherein the absorption working medium in the heat collecting pipe (3) is a nano-magnetic material, and the nano-magnetic material is a composite magnetic material formed by Fe3O4 wrapped on the surface of graphene.

Images