Noise reduction method for three-part-flow speed reducer based on step-by-step optimization of step-by-step modification

Abstract

The application discloses a three-branch reducer noise reduction method based on step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization, and particularly relates to the field of oblique gear modification and optimization design of three-branch reducers. An oblique gear model of a three-branch reducer is established by using ROMAX, transmission error of the oblique gear pair in the meshing process is calculated based on the fixed shaft gear train power split and gear meshing principle, and the oblique gear system response acceleration is obtained, modification parameters of the oblique gear pairs of each gear of the three-branch reducer are step-by-step modified and step-by-step optimized, meshing impact is reduced, transmission error of the three-branch oblique gear pair is reduced, and vibration noise of the three-branch reducer is reduced. The application can reduce transmission error of the three-branch reducer oblique gear pair, improve uneven load distribution of the three-branch reducer oblique gear tooth surface, and reduce vibration noise of the three-branch reducer by changing different modification parameters of each gear pair, thereby providing theoretical guidance and method support for modification, optimization design and use of the three-branch reducer oblique gear pair in engineering practice.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optimization design of modified profile of helical gear of three-branch reducer, and particularly relates to a three-branch reducer noise reduction method based on step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization. BACKGROUND

[0002] The three-branch reducer has the structural feature that multiple stages simultaneously bear input power, and has strong bearing capacity. The helical gear transmission has the advantages of high transmission accuracy, good stability and high transmission efficiency in actual engineering, and is an extremely important transmission form in mechanical transmission. Therefore, the three-branch reducer with helical gears as transmission components is widely used in underwater vessels and underwater weapons and other equipment operating under extreme conditions such as high speed and heavy load. Under extreme conditions such as high speed and heavy load, due to the different load conditions of multiple output shafts, the helical gears of the three-branch reducer produce meshing misalignment, causing the transmission error of the helical gear pair of the three-branch reducer to increase, thereby causing the transmission system of the three-branch reducer to vibrate and produce noise. At the same time, due to the different loads borne by the multiple output shafts of the three-branch reducer, the three-branch gears are prone to be unevenly loaded, causing uneven load distribution on the tooth surface.

[0003] Since there is no explicit analytical expression between the transmission error and vibration noise of the gear transmission system and the modification parameters of the gear, and the relationship between the modification parameters and the optimization target is relatively complex, the traditional optimization method based on derivation is not applicable. At the same time, most traditional helical gear pairs of reducers are based on single pair of gear meshing, and only the driving gear is modified, without considering the meshing of multiple pairs of gears. Moreover, since the three-branch reducer has multiple output stages, it is difficult to determine the modification parameters of each stage. Therefore, at present, there is no effective noise reduction method for the modification and optimization of helical gears of three-branch reducers. Therefore, it is an urgent problem for technical personnel to realize noise reduction of three-branch reducers based on step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a three-branch reducer noise reduction method based on step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization, which solves the problem of no explicit noise reduction method for helical gears of three-branch reducers.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a three-branch reducer noise reduction method based on step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, establishing a helical gear model of the three-branch reducer in ROMAX;

[0007] S2, calculating the geometric, motion and force conditions of the helical gear pair in the helical gear model of the three-branch reducer during meshing based on the fixed shaft gear train power split and gear meshing principle;

[0008] S3, running micro-geometric analysis to calculate the transmission error, load distribution and vibration response acceleration of the unmodified helical gears of each stage of the three-split-flow reducer;

[0009] S4, performing step-by-step modification and optimization of the gears of the input stage, the split-flow stage and the confluence stage of the three-split-flow reducer to determine the micro-geometric modification parameters of the helical gear pairs of each stage.

[0010] S5, running micro-geometric analysis to calculate the transmission error, load distribution and vibration response acceleration of the modified helical gears of each stage of the three-split-flow reducer.

[0011] S6, converting the obtained vibration response acceleration into vibration noise level by programming, comparing the transmission error of the helical gear pairs of each stage of the three-split-flow reducer before and after modification and the vibration noise before and after modification, and outputting the modification parameter results of the noise reduction method of the three-split-flow reducer based on step-by-step modification and optimization if the requirements are met, otherwise adjusting the modification parameters of the gears of each stage of the three-split-flow reducer.

[0012] Further, in step S4, the modification and optimization parameters of the gears of the input stage of the three-split-flow reducer are first determined, then the modification and optimization parameters of the gears of the split-flow stage of the three-split-flow reducer are determined, and finally the modification and optimization parameters of the gears of the confluence stage of the three-split-flow reducer are determined.

[0013] Further, in step S4,

[0014] The gear modification includes tooth modification and addendum modification, and the modification parameters include the tooth modification amount Cbmax, the addendum modification amount Camax and the addendum modification length lmax of the driving and driven gears, Cbmax is the maximum tooth modification amount of the gear pair, Camax is the maximum addendum modification amount of the gear pair, and lmax is the maximum addendum modification length of the gear pair; the modification amount and the modification length are in the range of 0≤Cbmax≤30mm, 0≤Camax≤40mm and 0≤lmax≤300mm.

[0015] The optimization method optimizes and solves the modification parameters of the gears by genetic algorithm: (1) gene coding is performed on the modification parameters, and the population size is determined; (2) the application gene book, the number of breeding generations, the crossover operator and the mutation operator of the population are set; and (3) the population is evaluated, and the modification parameters are optimized.

[0016] Further, in step S6, the vibration response acceleration is converted into vibration noise by programming and the vibration noise in a certain frequency range is calculated.

[0017] Further, in step S6, the transmission error of the helical gear pairs of each stage of the three-split-flow reducer and the vibration noise are used as the optimization targets of the genetic algorithm.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present scheme has the beneficial effects:

[0019] 1、The present scheme can consider the multi-stage and multi-pair gear meshing of the three-split-flow reducer, gradually combine the optimization parameters of the modified parameters of the helical gear pair of each stage of the three-split-flow reducer, and apply the obtained modified parameters to the micro-geometric analysis of the gear, so as to reduce the transmission error of the helical gear pair of each stage of the three-split-flow reducer, thereby reducing the vibration and noise of the three-split-flow reducer.

[0020] 2、The present scheme can provide theoretical guidance for the modification, optimization design and use of the involute cylindrical helical gear of the three-split-flow reducer in engineering practice, provide method guidance for accurately analyzing the contact performance of the three-split-flow helical gear, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the helical gear pair, reducing the vibration and noise of the helical gear pair, and improving the reliability of the mechanical system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a front view of the helical gear meshing of the fixed-shaft three-split-flow reducer in the present embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 is a back view of the helical gear meshing of the fixed-shaft three-split-flow reducer in the present embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the tooth direction modification of a single tooth of the helical gear of the fixed-shaft three-split-flow reducer in the present embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the tooth top modification of a single tooth of the helical gear of the fixed-shaft three-split-flow reducer in the present embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the noise reduction method of the three-split-flow reducer based on the step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 is a comparison diagram of the transmission error of the modified and unmodified helical gears of the three-split-flow reducer in the present embodiment;

[0027] Figure 7 is a comparison diagram of the vibration and noise of the modified and unmodified helical gears of the three-split-flow reducer in the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application will be further described in detail through specific embodiments:

[0029] EMBODIMENT

[0030] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the embodiment adopts a typical fixed shaft three-branch reducer helical gear system, which includes three-stage reduction gears and three branch output gears, mainly including an input stage gear pair (input stage driving wheel and input stage driven wheel), a branch stage gear pair (branch stage driving wheel, branch stage driven wheel 1, branch stage driven wheel 2, branch stage driven wheel 3), and a convergence stage gear pair (convergence stage driving wheel 1, convergence stage driving wheel 2, convergence stage driving wheel 3, and convergence stage driven wheel). The branch stage driving wheel drives the branch stage driven wheel 1, the branch stage driven wheel 2, and the branch stage driven wheel 3 to rotate, thereby distributing the total power acting on the driving wheel to the three branch stage driven wheels as needed, thereby simultaneously achieving the functions of reduction and power distribution of the three-branch reducer.

[0031] As shown in the accompanying drawings Figures 3 to 5 The three-branch reducer noise reduction method based on step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization includes the following steps:

[0032] S1, set the structure, material, and working condition parameters of the three-branch reducer helical gear pair in ROMAX, and establish a three-branch reducer helical gear model.

[0033] S2, calculate the geometry, motion, and force conditions of the helical gear pair in the three-branch reducer helical gear model during its meshing process based on the fixed shaft wheel train power branch and gear meshing principles.

[0034] S3, run the micro-geometry analysis to calculate the transmission error of each stage of the unmodified helical gear of the three-branch reducer, the load distribution of the helical gear tooth surface, and the vibration response acceleration, and calculate the vibration noise of the three-branch reducer when unmodified.

[0035] S4, perform step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization on the input stage, branch stage, and convergence stage gears of the three-branch reducer to determine the micro-geometry modification parameters of each stage of the helical gear pair; the step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization method is to first determine the modification and optimization parameters of the input stage gear of the three-branch reducer, then determine the modification and optimization parameters of the branch stage gear of the three-branch reducer, and finally determine the modification and optimization parameters of the convergence stage gear of the three-branch reducer, with the modification and optimization of each stage of the three-branch reducer progressing layer by layer.

[0036] The above-mentioned gear modification includes tooth modification and addendum modification, and the modification parameters include the tooth modification amount Cbmax, the addendum modification amount Camax, and the addendum modification length lmax of the driving and driven gears, Cbmax is the maximum value of the tooth modification amount in the gear pair, Camax is the maximum value of the addendum modification amount in the gear pair, and lmax is the maximum value of the addendum modification length in the gear pair; the value range of each modification amount and modification length is: 0≤Cbmax≤30mm, 0≤Camax≤40mm, and 0≤lmax≤300mm.

[0037] The optimization method optimizes and solves the modification parameters of the gear tooth through a genetic algorithm: (1) gene coding is performed on the modification parameters, and the population quantity is determined; (2) the application gene book of the population, the breeding generation number, the crossover operator and the mutation operator are set, wherein the application gene number is 50, the breeding generation number is 20, the crossover operator is 0.2, and the mutation operator is 0.3; (3) the population is evaluated, and the modification parameters are optimized.

[0038] S5, running micro-geometric analysis calculates the transmission error of each stage helical gear of the three-flow reducer after modification, the load distribution of the helical gear tooth surface and obtains the vibration response acceleration after modification.

[0039] S6, the obtained vibration response acceleration is converted into vibration energy level noise through programming, the transmission error of each stage helical gear pair of the three-flow reducer before and after modification and the vibration noise before and after modification are compared, and the requirement is met (that is, the requirements of reducing the transmission error and vibration noise of the helical gear pair of the three-flow reducer are met), and the modification parameter result of the noise reduction method of the three-flow reducer based on the step-by-step modification and step-by-step optimization is output, otherwise the modification parameters of the gears of the three-flow reducer are continuously adjusted.

[0040] Preferably, in steps S1, S2 and S3, a three-flow reducer helical gear model needs to be established in ROMAX, which has a complex structure and contains three-stage reduction gears and multiple output shafts, wherein the gear pairs of the flow separation stage and the flow convergence stage are not simply meshed with a single pair of gears, but are meshed with multiple pairs of gears; the circumferential force, the mesh stiffness, the transmission error, the load distribution of the tooth surface, the vibration response acceleration and the noise during the meshing process of the three-flow reducer helical gear are calculated through micro-geometric analysis.

[0041] Through the modification and optimization of the method, the peak-to-peak value of the transmission error of the helical gear pair of the three-flow reducer is reduced from 2.27mm before modification to 1.14mm, with a reduction of 50%, the excitation source of the vibration noise is reduced, the vibration noise of each stage helical gear pair of the three-flow reducer is reduced by 1-2dB after modification, and the specific values are shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 .

[0042] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and the well-known specific structures and / or characteristics in the scheme are not described in detail. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application, and these will not affect the effect and practicality of the patent. The protection scope claimed in the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like in the description can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A noise reduction method for a three-way flow reducer based on step-by-step shaping and optimization, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Create a helical gear model of a three-way flow reducer in ROMAX; S2. Based on the principle of power splitting and gear meshing in a fixed-axis gear train, calculate the geometry, motion, and force conditions of the helical gear pair in the helical gear model of the three-way reducer during its meshing process. S3. Perform micro-geometric analysis to calculate the transmission error of each stage of the unmodified helical gears in the three-way reducer, the load distribution on the helical gear tooth surface, and the vibration response acceleration. Calculate the vibration noise of the three-way reducer when it is unmodified. S4. Perform step-by-step modification and optimization of the gears in the input stage, split stage and merge stage of the three-way reducer to determine the micro-geometric modification parameters of each stage of the helical gear pair. S5. Perform micro-geometric analysis to calculate the transmission error of each stage of the helical gear in the modified three-way flow reducer, the load distribution on the helical gear tooth surface, and obtain the vibration response acceleration after modification. S6. Convert the obtained vibration response acceleration into vibration energy level noise by writing a program. Compare the transmission error of each stage of the helical gear pair of the three-way reducer before and after the modification, as well as the vibration noise before and after the modification. If the requirements are met, output the modification parameter results of the three-way reducer noise reduction method based on step-by-step modification and optimization. Otherwise, continue to adjust the modification parameters of each stage of the three-way reducer gears.

2. The noise reduction method for a three-way flow reducer based on step-by-step shaping and optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the modification optimization parameters of the input stage gear of the three-way reducer are first determined, then the modification optimization parameters of the split stage gear of the three-way reducer are determined, and finally the modification optimization parameters of the confluence stage gear of the three-way reducer are determined.

3. The noise reduction method for a three-way flow reducer based on step-by-step shaping and optimization according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4: Gear modification includes tooth profile modification and tooth tip modification. The modification parameters include the tooth profile modification amount Cbmax, tooth tip modification amount Camax, and tooth tip modification length lmax of the driving and driven gears. Cbmax is the maximum value of the tooth profile modification amount in the gear pair, Camax is the maximum value of the tooth tip modification amount in the gear pair, and lmax is the maximum value of the tooth tip modification length in the gear pair. The range of each modification amount and modification length is: 0≤Cbmax≤30mm, 0≤Camax≤40mm, 0≤lmax≤300mm. The optimization method uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the tooth profile parameters: (1) Genetically encode the profile parameters and determine the population size; (2) Set the application gene book, generation number, crossover operator and mutation operator for the population; (3) Evaluate the population and optimize the profile parameters.

4. The noise reduction method for a three-way flow reducer based on step-by-step shaping and optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6: The vibration response acceleration is converted into vibration noise by writing a program and the vibration noise in a frequency range is calculated.

5. The noise reduction method for a three-way flow reducer based on step-by-step shaping and optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the transmission error of each stage of the helical gear pair in the three-way reducer and the vibration noise are used as the optimization targets of the genetic algorithm.

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