A direct-current power supply active voltage stabilization protection system with overload protection function

Abstract

The application provides a direct-current power supply active voltage stabilizing protection system with an overload protection function, which solves the problem of poor direct-current circuit protection effect and the like, and comprises an overload protector installed on a direct-current power supply, wherein the overload protector is connected with a sensing assembly, the sensing assembly is connected with a control module arranged inside the overload protector, a voltage stabilizing assembly and a circuit breaking protection assembly connected with the direct-current power supply are arranged inside the overload protector, and the voltage stabilizing assembly and the circuit breaking protection assembly are respectively provided with adjusting assemblies. The application has the advantages of stable structure, good circuit protection effect and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of circuit protection technology, specifically relating to an active voltage regulation and protection system for DC power supplies with overload protection function. Background Technology

[0002] A voltage regulator circuit is a power supply circuit that maintains a relatively constant output voltage even when the input mains voltage fluctuates or the load changes. Voltage regulator circuits are classified in many ways: by output current type (DC and AC), by connection method to the load (series and parallel), by the operating state of the regulating transistor (linear and switching), and by circuit type (simple, feedback, and amplification). Unstable voltage can cause fatal damage or malfunctions to equipment, affecting production and causing delays in delivery, unstable quality, and other losses. It also accelerates equipment aging, reduces lifespan, and can even burn out components, forcing users to undergo maintenance or replace equipment quickly, wasting resources; in severe cases, it can even lead to safety accidents and incalculable losses. Existing voltage regulators often have poor heat dissipation, leading to decreased operational stability. Furthermore, in abnormal situations, they cannot quickly disconnect the circuit, causing voltage fluctuations that damage the circuit.

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, people have conducted long-term explorations and proposed various solutions. For example, Chinese patent literature discloses a heat-dissipating regulated power supply [202120890122.8], which includes a regulated power supply housing, a ventilation assembly, a bottom heat dissipation structure, and a top heat dissipation structure. The bottom plate of the regulated power supply housing is provided with support feet. The ventilation assembly includes a bottom support plate, side baffles, a ventilation box, a first fan, and a second fan. The bottom of the regulated power supply housing is provided with a first fan on each side of the bottom and a second fan on each side of the top. The bottom support plate is fixed inside the regulated power supply housing. A side baffle is fixed between each end of the bottom support plate and the bottom plate. The bottom heat dissipation structure is provided between the two side baffles. The bottom plate is provided with a heat dissipation opening. The two side baffles and the two sides of the bottom of the regulated power supply housing form an air supply cavity. The bottom support plate is provided with a ventilation box on each side of the top. The inner and outer side plates of the ventilation box form a narrow ventilation cavity that connects to the air supply cavity. The inner side plate is provided with an air outlet. The top of the regulated power supply housing is provided with a top heat dissipation structure.

[0004] The above solution has solved the problem of heat dissipation of the regulated power supply to a certain extent, but it still has many shortcomings, such as poor protection of the power supply circuit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a reasonably designed, well-protected DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function, comprising an overload protector installed on the DC power supply, the overload protector being connected to a sensing component, the sensing component being connected to a control module disposed inside the overload protector, and the overload protector containing a voltage regulating component and a circuit breaking protection component connected to the DC power supply, each equipped with an adjustment component. The voltage regulating component and the circuit breaking protection component achieve power supply voltage regulation and automatic disconnection, effectively protecting the circuit.

[0007] In the aforementioned DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection, the voltage regulation component includes an adjustable current-limiting resistor connected in series with the DC power supply. The adjustable current-limiting resistor is connected to a Zener diode and a load resistor, and is also connected to an adjustment component. The adjustable current-limiting resistor can automatically sense and adjust its resistance value to adapt to voltage changes.

[0008] In the aforementioned DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection, the adjustable current-limiting resistor includes an insulating housing. Inside the housing is a central rotating shaft, on which several spaced-apart adjusting disks and conductive disks are rotatably mounted. Resistor blocks are mounted on the adjusting disks and fitted to the conductive disks. A linkage assembly is provided between the adjusting disks and the conductive disks. The linkage assembly is mounted at the end of the central rotating shaft and connected to either the adjusting disk or the conductive disk. The linkage assembly includes a dial rotatably mounted at the end of the central rotating shaft, which is fixedly connected to either the adjusting disk or the conductive disk. A rack is circumferentially distributed on the side of the dial, and the rack is driven by a speed-changing gear set meshing with an adjusting motor. Through the relative rotation of the adjusting disks and the conductive disks, the resistor blocks are mutually conductive, thereby achieving smooth switching of fixed resistance values.

[0009] In the aforementioned DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function, the linkage component includes a linkage protrusion fixed on the adjustment disk, and a linkage groove on the conductive disk that fits against the adjustment disk for the linkage protrusion to insert into. The linkage groove is arc-shaped and its center coincides with the axis of the central rotating shaft. A locking component opposite to the adjustment disk and the conductive disk is fixed on the insulating housing. The linkage component enables the adjustment disk and the conductive disk to rotate in tandem, thereby achieving step-by-step switching of the resistance value.

[0010] In the aforementioned DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function, the locking assembly includes locking grooves distributed circumferentially on the sides of the adjusting disc and the conductive disc. Locking blocks arranged axially are provided on the insulating housing. Each locking block has a locking plug that engages with the locking groove. An elastic reset element is provided between the locking block and the insulating housing. A locking shaft is rotatably mounted on one side of the locking block. A top block opposite the locking block is provided axially on the locking shaft. The locking shaft is connected to a locking motor via a speed-changing gear set. The locking assembly achieves circumferential locking and fixation of the adjusting disc and the conductive disc, enabling the fixed locking of a specified adjusting disc or conductive disc. It also works in conjunction with the linkage assembly to switch resistance values.

[0011] In the aforementioned DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function, the circuit breaker component includes several conductive blocks that are in contact with each other. The conductive blocks are mounted on a limiting component, and a separation drive component is provided between the limiting component and the conductive blocks. The conductive blocks of the circuit breaker component are rapidly separated by the separation drive component.

[0012] In the aforementioned DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function, the limiting component includes an upper limit seat and a lower limit seat. Several symmetrically arranged limiting rods are connected between the upper and lower limit seats. A conductive block is disposed between the upper and lower limit seats. The conductive block is covered by a limiting sleeve, which has a limiting cylinder corresponding to each limiting rod and allowing the rods to pass through. A limiting plate is fixed on the conductive block opposite to the upper limit seat. A fixing component is provided between the limiting plate and the limiting rods. A separation drive component is installed between the limiting plate and the lower limit seat. The limiting component provides a supporting structure for the conductive block, enabling the conductive block to slide and separate or adhere and conduct.

[0013] In the aforementioned DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function, the fixing component includes a permanent magnet mounted on a limit plate, a limit rod with several inductive contacts opposite to the permanent magnet along the axial direction, a magnetic block mounted on the limit plate, and a fixing block fixed on the limit sleeve between the magnetic block and the lower limit seat. The magnetic block and the conductive block adhere to each other and are attracted to the fixing block. A reset rod extending to the outside of the overload protector is connected to the limit plate. The fixing component maintains the sliding limit of the limit plate and the limit rod, and simultaneously resets the limit plate through the reset rod.

[0014] In the aforementioned DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function, the separation drive assembly includes a separation cylinder vertically mounted on a lower limit seat. An energy storage assembly is installed inside the separation cylinder. A retractable ejector head is installed at the end of the separation cylinder, connected to the energy storage assembly and secured to the separation cylinder by a locking assembly. The energy storage assembly includes an energy storage spring installed inside the separation cylinder. A lower energy storage block, opposite to the lower limit seat, is fixed to the lower end of the energy storage spring, and an upper energy storage block, opposite to the ejector head, is fixed to the upper end of the energy storage spring. A bevel gear disk, fixedly connected to the lower energy storage block, is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the separation cylinder. An energy storage motor is mounted on the lower limit seat, and a bevel gear meshing with the bevel gear disk is fixed to the output end of the energy storage motor. The locking assembly includes a rotating... A ratchet is mounted between the upper energy storage block and the ejector head. Inside the separation cylinder, a pawl engages with the ratchet, and the pawl has an unlocking head extending to the outside of the separation cylinder. A transmission disc is positioned between the ratchet and the upper energy storage block. The transmission disc has a transmission telescopic rod that interlocks with the upper energy storage block and provides circumferential limiting. A locking protrusion on the transmission disc faces the ratchet. The ratchet has a locking hole for the locking protrusion to engage. Locking teeth on the outer circumferential side of the transmission disc face the inner side of the separation cylinder. An electric push rod is mounted on the outer side of the separation cylinder, and its telescopic end engages with the locking teeth. An ejector cylinder is located at the end of the separation cylinder. A telescopic groove and telescopic strip are provided between the outer side of the ejector head and the inner side of the ejector cylinder for sliding connection. A threaded rod is fixed at the center of the ratchet, and the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the ejector head. The separation drive assembly uses energy storage to achieve rapid ratchet response rotation, thereby enabling the rapid ejection of the ejector head.

[0015] In the aforementioned DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function, the adjustment component includes an adjustment latch disposed between the outer peripheries of adjacent conductive blocks, a separation limit block disposed on the outer periphery of each conductive block, and a separation limit ring disposed on the outer periphery of adjacent conductive blocks, which is fitted around the outer side of the separation limit block; the sensing component includes a temperature sensor and a voltage sensor. The adjustment latch can achieve relative fixation of the conductive blocks.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: the voltage stabilizing component and the circuit breaking protection component work together to achieve circuit voltage stabilization and rapid disconnection, ensuring the safety of circuit components; the adjustable current limiting resistor adjusts the resistance value to achieve stable voltage division in the circuit; the separation drive component achieves rapid separation of the conductive block through energy storage, and has a high response rate. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the voltage regulator assembly of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the circuit breaker protection assembly of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the separate drive assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the voltage regulator component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the separation drive component of the present invention;

[0023] In the diagram, the components are: 1. Overload protector; 2. Voltage regulator; 3. Circuit breaker; 3. Conductive block; 31. Ratchet; 32. Pawl; 33. Transmission disc; 34. Transmission telescopic rod; 35. Locking protrusion; 36. Locking hole; 37. Locking tooth; 38. Electric push rod; 39. Adjustment assembly; 4. Dial; 41. Adjustment motor; 42. Adjustment latch; 43. Separation limit block; 44. Separation limit ring; 45. Adjustable current limiting resistor; 5. Insulating housing; 51. Central shaft; 52. Adjustment disc; 53. Conductive disc; 54. Resistor block; 55. Linkage assembly; 56. Linkage protrusion; 57. Linkage groove; 58. Locking assembly; 6. Locking groove 61, locking block 62, locking plug 63, locking shaft 64, top block 65, locking motor 66, limiting assembly 7, upper limit seat 71, lower limit seat 72, limiting rod 73, limiting sleeve 74, limiting cylinder 75, limiting plate 76, ejector cylinder 77, threaded rod 78, separation drive assembly 8, separation cylinder 81, ejector head 82, energy storage spring 83, lower energy storage block 84, upper energy storage block 85, bevel gear disc 86, energy storage motor 87, bevel gear 88, fixing assembly 9, permanent magnet 91, induction contact 92, magnetic block 93, fixing block 94, reset rod 95. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an active voltage regulation and protection system for a DC power supply with overload protection function includes an overload protector 1 installed on the DC power supply. The overload protector 1 is connected to a sensing component, which is connected to a control module located inside the overload protector 1. The overload protector 1 internally houses a voltage regulator 2 connected to the DC power supply and a circuit breaker 3. Both the voltage regulator 2 and the circuit breaker 3 are equipped with regulating components 4. The overload protector 1 is connected to the DC power supply. Its internal voltage regulator 2 maintains voltage stability through voltage division, and its circuit breaker 3 performs emergency disconnection when the voltage fluctuation sensed by the sensing component exceeds a preset threshold of the control module, thereby effectively protecting the circuit.

[0026] Specifically, the voltage regulator component 2 includes an adjustable current-limiting resistor 5 connected in series with the DC power supply. The adjustable current-limiting resistor 5 is connected to a Zener diode and a load resistor, and is connected to the regulating component 4. The Zener diode and the load resistor are installed in parallel. By adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable current-limiting resistor 5, effective voltage division is achieved, thereby controlling the internal voltage of the load element.

[0027] Specifically, the adjustable current-limiting resistor 5 includes an insulating housing 51, inside which is a central rotating shaft 52. Several spaced-apart adjusting disks 53 and conductive disks 54 are rotatably mounted on the central rotating shaft 52. Resistor blocks 55 that are in contact with the conductive disks 54 are mounted on the adjusting disks 53. A linkage component 56 is provided between the adjusting disks 53 and the conductive disks 54. The adjusting component 4 is installed at the end of the central rotating shaft 52 and connected to the adjusting disks 53 or conductive disks 54. The adjusting component 4 includes a dial 41 rotatably mounted at the end of the central rotating shaft 52. The dial 41 is connected and fixed to the adjusting disks 53 or conductive disks 54. A rack is distributed circumferentially on the side of the dial 41. The rack is driven by a gear set that meshes with the adjusting motor 42. The adjustable current-limiting resistor 5 has an adjusting disk 53 and a conductive disk 54 that rotate relative to each other. When the linkage component 56 drives the adjusting disk 53 or conductive disk 54 to rotate to a fixed circumferential angle, it drives the adjacent adjusting disk 53 or conductive disk 54 to rotate synchronously. The dial 41 is driven by the adjusting motor 42 to increase the torque.

[0028] Furthermore, the linkage component 56 includes a linkage protrusion 57 fixed on the adjustment disk 53, and a linkage groove 58 for the linkage protrusion 57 to be inserted into the conductive disk 54 which is in contact with the adjustment disk 53. The linkage groove 58 is arc-shaped and its center coincides with the axis of the central rotating shaft 52. A locking component 6 is fixed on the insulating housing 51, which is opposite to the adjustment disk 53 and the conductive disk 54. The linkage protrusion 57 slides along the linkage groove 58. When it moves to the end of the linkage groove 58, the adjustment disk 53 drives the conductive disk 54 to rotate synchronously. The resistor blocks 55 on the adjustment disk 53 are arranged circumferentially, and their resistance values ​​are different. The resistor blocks 55 on adjacent adjustment disks 53 are staggered and switched as the adjustment disk 53 rotates. According to the different combinations of resistor blocks 55, the overall resistance value changes step by step.

[0029] Furthermore, the locking assembly 6 includes locking grooves 61 arranged circumferentially on the sides of the adjusting disc 53 and the conductive disc 54. Locking blocks 62 are arranged axially on the insulating housing 51. Each locking block 62 has a locking plug 63 that engages with the locking groove 61. An elastic reset element is provided between the locking block 62 and the insulating housing 51. A locking shaft 64 is rotatably mounted on one side of the locking block 62. A top block 65, axially aligned with the locking block 62, is provided on the locking shaft 64. The locking shaft 64 is connected to the locking motor 66 via a gear set. The locking motor 66 in the locking assembly 6 drives the locking shaft 64 and the top block 65 to rotate. The contact portions of the top blocks 65 and the locking blocks 62 have different circumferential angles relative to the central axis of the locking shaft 64, allowing each top block 65 to independently lock the locking block 62. The locking plug 63 of the locking block 62 is inserted into the locking groove 61 for fixation.

[0030] In addition, the circuit breaker protection component 3 includes several conductive blocks 31 that are attached to each other. The conductive blocks 31 are mounted on the limiting component 7, and a separation drive component 8 is provided between the limiting component 7 and the conductive blocks 31. The multiple conductive blocks 31 in the circuit breaker protection component 3 are attached to each other. When the limiting component 7 is in a conductive state, the separation drive component 8 is controlled by the control module to separate the conductive blocks 31 to break the circuit. After maintenance, the conductive blocks 31 are reset.

[0031] Meanwhile, the limiting assembly 7 includes an upper limit seat 71 and a lower limit seat 72. Several symmetrically arranged limiting rods 73 are connected between the upper limit seat 71 and the lower limit seat 72. A conductive block 31 is disposed between the upper limit seat 71 and the lower limit seat 72. The conductive block 31 is covered by a limiting sleeve 74. The limiting sleeve 74 has a limiting cylinder 75 that corresponds one-to-one with the limiting rods 73 and allows the limiting rods 73 to pass through. A limiting plate 76 is fixed on the conductive block 31 opposite to the upper limit seat 71. A fixing assembly 9 is disposed between the limiting plate 76 and the limiting rods 73. A separation drive assembly 8 is installed between the limiting plate 76 and the lower limit seat 72. The limiting cylinders 75 in the limiting assembly 7 slide on the limiting rods 73, keeping the conductive blocks 31 moving axially. The limiting plate 76 slides axially, driving each conductive block 31 to move under the drive of the separation drive assembly 8.

[0032] As can be seen, the fixing assembly 9 includes a permanent magnet 91 mounted on the limiting plate 76, a limiting rod 73 with several inductive contacts 92 opposite to the permanent magnet 91 arranged axially, a magnetic block 93 mounted on the limiting plate 76, and a fixing block 94 fixed on the limiting sleeve 74 between the magnetic block 93 and the lower limiting seat 72. The magnetic block 93 and the conductive block 31 are attached to each other and attracted to the fixing block 94. The limiting plate 76 is connected to a reset rod 95 extending to the outside of the overload protector 1. In the fixing assembly 9, the magnetic block 93 realizes the attraction and fixation of the limiting plate 76 and the conductive block 31, while the inductive contacts 92 can sense the position of the limiting plate 76 to determine whether the circuit breaker protection assembly 3 is in a de-energized state.

[0033] Clearly, the separation drive assembly 8 includes a separation cylinder 81 vertically mounted on the lower limit seat 72. An energy storage assembly is installed inside the separation cylinder 81. A retractable ejector head 82 is installed at the end of the separation cylinder 81. The ejector head 82 is connected to the energy storage assembly and a locking assembly is provided between it and the separation cylinder 81. The energy storage assembly includes an energy storage spring 83 installed inside the separation cylinder 81. A lower energy storage block 84, opposite to the lower limit seat 72, is fixed to the lower end of the energy storage spring 83. An upper energy storage block 85, opposite to the ejector head 82, is fixed to the upper end of the energy storage spring 83. A bevel gear disk 86, fixedly connected to the lower energy storage block 84, is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the separation cylinder 81. An energy storage motor 87 is mounted on the lower limit seat 72. A bevel gear 88, meshing with the bevel gear disk 86, is fixed to the output end of the energy storage motor 87. The locking assembly includes a ratchet 32 ​​rotatably mounted between the upper energy storage block 85 and the ejector head 82. Inside the cylinder 81, a pawl 33 is installed that engages with the ratchet 32, and the pawl 33 has an unlocking head extending to the outside of the separating cylinder 81. A transmission disc 34 is provided between the ratchet 32 ​​and the upper energy storage block 85. The transmission disc 34 has a transmission telescopic rod 35 that is inserted into the upper energy storage block 85 and is circumferentially limited. The transmission disc 34 has a locking protrusion 36 opposite to the ratchet 32. The ratchet 32 ​​has a locking hole 37 for the locking protrusion 36 to engage. The outer circumference of the transmission disc 34 has a locking tooth 38 opposite to the inner side of the separating cylinder 81. An electric push rod 39 is installed on the outer side of the separating cylinder 81, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 39 engages with the locking tooth 38. An ejector cylinder 77 is provided at the end of the separating cylinder 81. A telescopic groove and a telescopic strip are provided between the outer side of the ejector head 82 and the inner side of the ejector cylinder 77. A threaded rod 78 is fixed at the center of the ratchet 32, and the threaded rod 78 is threadedly connected to the ejector head 82. The energy storage motor 87 starts, driving the lower energy storage block 84 to rotate, thereby causing the energy storage spring 83 to twist and store energy. The transmission disc 34 is circumferentially limited by the locking tooth 38. When the extension end of the electric push rod 39 disengages from the locking tooth 38, the transmission disc 34 and the upper energy storage block 85 rotate synchronously under the action of the transmission extension rod 35, thereby driving the ratchet 32 ​​to rotate unidirectionally. The threaded rod 78 provides axial driving force for the ejector head 82, realizing the ejector head 82 ejection.

[0034] Preferably, the adjusting component 4 includes an adjusting latch 43 disposed between adjacent conductive blocks 31 on the outer periphery, a separation limiting block 44 disposed on the outer periphery of the conductive blocks 31, and a separation limiting ring 45 disposed on the outer periphery of adjacent conductive blocks 31, which is sleeved on the outer side of the separation limiting block 44; the sensing component includes a temperature sensor and a voltage sensor. When a reset is required, the pawl 33 opens, pushing the ejector head 82 into the ejector cylinder 77, while the locking component stops the transmission disc body 34, allowing the energy storage spring 83 to store energy for the next operation.

[0035] In summary, the principle of this embodiment is as follows: the overload protector 1 is connected to the DC power supply, wherein the voltage regulator 2 achieves voltage division by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable current limiting resistor 5, wherein the resistor blocks 55 are arranged and combined to achieve resistance switching across levels, and the circuit breaking protection component 3 achieves rapid separation of the mutually conducting conductive blocks 31 through energy storage, thereby ensuring that the circuit is quickly cut off when an abnormal state is sensed, and effectively protecting the circuit.

[0036] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0037] Although this paper extensively uses the following components: overload protector 1, voltage regulator 2, circuit breaker 3, conductive block 31, ratchet 32, pawl 33, transmission disc 34, transmission telescopic rod 35, locking protrusion 36, locking hole 37, locking tooth 38, electric push rod 39, adjustment component 4, dial 41, adjustment motor 42, adjustment latch 43, separation limit block 44, separation limit ring 45, adjustable current limiting resistor 5, insulating shell 51, central rotating shaft 52, adjustment disc 53, conductive disc 54, resistor block 55, linkage component 56, linkage protrusion 57, linkage groove 58, locking component 6, locking slot 61. The terms used include locking block 62, locking plug 63, locking shaft 64, top block 65, locking motor 66, limiting assembly 7, upper limit seat 71, lower limit seat 72, limiting rod 73, limiting sleeve 74, limiting cylinder 75, limiting plate 76, ejector cylinder 77, threaded rod 78, separation drive assembly 8, separation cylinder 81, ejector head 82, energy storage spring 83, lower energy storage block 84, upper energy storage block 85, bevel gear disc 86, energy storage motor 87, bevel gear 88, fixing assembly 9, permanent magnet 91, induction contact 92, magnetic block 93, fixing block 94, and reset rod 95, etc., but the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function, comprising an overload protector (1) installed on the DC power supply, characterized in that, The overload protector (1) is connected to a sensing component, which is connected to a control module located inside the overload protector (1). The overload protector (1) contains a voltage regulator (2) connected to a DC power supply and a circuit breaker (3). The voltage regulator (2) and circuit breaker (3) are each equipped with an adjustment component (4). The voltage regulator (2) includes an adjustable current-limiting resistor (5) connected in series with the DC power supply. The adjustable current-limiting resistor (5) is connected to a Zener diode and a load resistor. The adjustable current-limiting resistor (5) is connected to the adjustment component (4). The adjustable current-limiting resistor (5) includes an insulating housing (51). A central rotating shaft (52) is located inside the insulating housing (51). A number of spaced adjustment disks (53) and conductive disks (54) are rotatably mounted on the central rotating shaft (52). The adjustment disks (53) are equipped with resistor blocks (55) that fit against the conductive disks (54). A linkage component (56) is provided between the adjustment disks (53) and the conductive disks (54). The adjustment component (4) is installed at the end of the central rotating shaft (52) and connected to the adjustment disks (53) or the conductive disks (54). The adjustment component (4) includes a dial (41) rotatably mounted at the end of the central rotating shaft (52). The dial (41) is connected and fixed to the adjustment disks (53) or the conductive disks (54). The dial (41) has racks distributed circumferentially on its side. The racks are meshed with the adjustment motor (42) through a speed-changing gear set.

2. The DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage component (56) includes a linkage protrusion (57) fixed on the adjustment plate (53), and a linkage groove (58) for the linkage protrusion (57) to be inserted into the conductive plate (54) that is in contact with the adjustment plate (53). The linkage groove (58) is arc-shaped and its center is aligned with the axis of the central rotating shaft (52). A locking component (6) is fixed on the insulating housing (51) and is opposite to the adjustment plate (53) and the conductive plate (54).

3. The DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking assembly (6) includes locking grooves (61) arranged on the sides of the adjusting plate (53) and the conductive plate (54) and distributed circumferentially. The insulating housing (51) is provided with locking blocks (62) arranged axially. The locking blocks (62) have locking plugs (63) that are inserted into the locking grooves (61). An elastic reset member is provided between the locking blocks (62) and the insulating housing (51). A locking shaft (64) is rotatably mounted on one side of the locking blocks (62). The locking shaft (64) is provided axially with a top block (65) opposite to the locking blocks (62). The locking shaft (64) is connected to the locking motor (66) through a speed-changing gear set.

4. The DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit breaker protection component (3) includes several conductive blocks (31) that fit together. The conductive blocks (31) are mounted on the limiting component (7). A separation drive component (8) is provided between the limiting component (7) and the conductive blocks (31).

5. A DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting component (7) includes an upper limit seat (71) and a lower limit seat (72). A plurality of symmetrically arranged limiting rods (73) are connected between the upper limit seat (71) and the lower limit seat (72). The conductive block (31) is disposed between the upper limit seat (71) and the lower limit seat (72). The conductive block (31) is covered with a limiting sleeve (74). The limiting sleeve (74) has a limiting cylinder (75) that corresponds one-to-one with the limiting rod (73) and allows the limiting rod (73) to pass through. A limiting plate (76) is fixed on the conductive block (31) opposite to the upper limit seat (71). A fixing component (9) is disposed between the limiting plate (76) and the limiting rod (73). The separation drive component (8) is installed between the limiting plate (76) and the lower limit seat (72).

6. The DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixing component (9) includes a permanent magnet (91) mounted on a limiting plate (76), a limiting rod (73) is provided with a plurality of induction contacts (92) opposite to the permanent magnet (91) along the axial direction, a magnetic block (93) is mounted on the limiting plate (76), a fixing block (94) is fixed on the limiting sleeve (74) between the magnetic block (93) and the lower limiting seat (72), the magnetic block (93) is attached to the conductive block (31) and attracted to the fixing block (94), and a reset rod (95) extending to the outside of the overload protector (1) is connected to the limiting plate (76).

7. A DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The separation drive assembly (8) includes a separation cylinder (81) vertically mounted on the lower limit seat (72). An energy storage assembly is provided inside the separation cylinder (81). A retractable ejector head (82) is installed at the end of the separation cylinder (81). The ejector head (82) is connected to the energy storage assembly and a locking assembly is provided between it and the separation cylinder (81). The energy storage assembly includes an energy storage spring (83) disposed inside the separation cylinder (81). A lower energy storage block (84) opposite to the lower limit seat (72) is fixed at the lower end of the energy storage spring (83). The upper end of the energy storage spring (83) is fixed with an upper energy storage block (85) opposite to the ejector head (82). The lower end of the separation cylinder (81) is rotatably mounted with a bevel gear disk (86) fixedly connected to the lower energy storage block (84). The lower limit seat (72) is mounted with an energy storage motor (87). The output end of the energy storage motor (87) is fixed with a bevel gear (88) that meshes with the bevel gear disk (86). The locking assembly includes a ratchet (32) rotatably mounted between the upper energy storage block (85) and the ejector head (82). The separation cylinder (81) is internally... A pawl (33) is installed that engages with the ratchet (32), and the pawl (33) has an unlocking head extending to the outside of the separating cylinder (81). A transmission disc body (34) is provided between the ratchet (32) and the upper energy storage block (85). The transmission disc body (34) has a transmission telescopic rod (35) that is inserted into and circumferentially limited by the upper energy storage block (85). The transmission disc body (34) has a locking protrusion (36) opposite to the ratchet (32). The ratchet (32) has a locking hole (37) for the locking protrusion (36) to engage. The outer side of the disc (34) is opposite to the inner side of the separating cylinder (81) with locking teeth (38). An electric push rod (39) is installed on the outer side of the separating cylinder (81). The telescopic end of the electric push rod (39) is engaged with the locking teeth (38). An ejector cylinder (77) is provided at the end of the separating cylinder (81). A telescopic groove and a telescopic strip are provided between the outer side of the ejector head (82) and the inner side of the ejector cylinder (77). A threaded rod (78) is fixed in the center of the ratchet (32). The threaded rod (78) is threadedly connected to the ejector head (82).

8. A DC power supply active voltage regulation and protection system with overload protection function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment component (4) includes an adjustment latch (43) disposed between the outer periphery of adjacent conductive blocks (31), a separation limiting block (44) is disposed on the outer periphery of the conductive blocks (31), and a separation limiting ring (45) sleeved on the outer periphery of adjacent conductive blocks (31); the sensing component includes a temperature sensor and a voltage sensor.

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