Root storage pre-processing device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pre-treatment device and method for the storage of tubers, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery. A feed drying unit comprises a feed barrel and a drying mechanism disposed in the feed barrel, which is used to dry the mud and moisture on the surface of the tubers; a mud removal unit is located below the discharge port of the feed barrel, and comprises a pair of mud rubbing plates; the pair of mud rubbing plates are arranged relatively and cooperate with each other to remove the mud on the surface of the tubers after drying; a discharge unit comprises a discharge box and a screen, and the feed port of the discharge box is located at the discharge port of the mud removal unit; the screen is arranged at the bottom of the discharge box, and is used to shake off the dust on the surface of the tubers. The whole device solves the problem of collecting and drying sweet potatoes on rainy days, improves the work efficiency of the pre-treatment process for sweet potato storage, and facilitates the subsequent storage of sweet potatoes. The present invention can not only be used to remove soil on the surface of tuberous plants, but also can be used to remove soil on the surface of other tuberous plants (such as potatoes), and has a wide range of applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a root tuber storage pre-processing method and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] Tuber is a botanical term. Tubers are formed by the expansion of adventitious roots of vegetatively propagated plants or lateral roots of seedlings. One plant can form multiple tubers. Its composition does not include hypocotyl and stem and is entirely composed of roots. The tubers of sweet potato and Polygonum multiflorum belong to this category.

[0003] Roots, such as sweet potatoes, are widely grown in my country and are loved by everyone for their sweet taste. However, the biggest headache for sweet potatoes farmers is the storage problem, especially for freshly dug sweet potatoes, which will have a certain amount of mud and moisture on the surface. If it rains, there will be more mud on the surface of the sweet potatoes, which is not conducive to storage.

[0004] Therefore, the newly harvested sweet potatoes need to be air-dried for a few days before they can be stored. Air-dried sweet potatoes can evaporate some of the moisture on the surface. In addition, the mud can be easily wiped off the surface of the sweet potatoes after being exposed to the sun. Sweet potatoes with the mud and moisture removed are easier to store, less likely to rot, and taste sweeter. At present, the processing of root tubers before storage (mud removal) is done manually in good weather for drying, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pre-treatment method for storage of tubers in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, so as to dry the mud and moisture on the surface of the tubers and remove the mud on the surface of the tubers, so as to facilitate subsequent storage work and improve the work efficiency before storage.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The root storage pre-processing device is characterized by comprising:

[0008] 1. A feeding drying unit, including a feeding cylinder and a drying mechanism placed in the feeding cylinder, for drying mud and water on the surface of tuberous roots;

[0009] 2. A mud removal unit is located below the discharge port of the feed barrel and includes a pair of mud rubbing plates. The pair of mud rubbing plates are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate with each other to remove mud on the surface of the dried root tubers. A belt transmission mechanism is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer shell of the mud removal unit. The belt transmission mechanism is located below the pair of mud rubbing plates, and the belt of the belt transmission mechanism is a hollow structure.

[0010] 3. The discharge unit includes a discharge box and a screen. The feed port of the discharge box is located at the discharge port of the mud removal unit. The screen is arranged at the bottom of the discharge box to shake off the dust on the surface of the tubers. A fan is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the discharge box. The bottom of the discharge box is open. The screen is installed above the collection box through a screen spring.

[0011] In the above scheme, the drying mechanism can select a temperature-adjustable heater, and the specific working temperature is set according to the temperature during manual drying. A stirring structure is provided in the feed barrel, which includes: a stirring motor, a stirring shaft, and a flexible spiral blade provided on the stirring shaft; the stirring motor drives the flexible spiral blade to rotate to turn the material in the feed barrel for easy drying, and the flexible spiral blade is not easy to damage the epidermis of the tuber.

[0012] In the above scheme, the mud rubbing board includes:

[0013] The base is a circular shell with a cavity, and an inner gear ring is arranged inside the cavity;

[0014] There are several mud rubbing discs, including a mounting disc, a pinion and a rubber finger; the pinion is mounted in the base shell through a central axis and meshes with the inner gear ring for transmission; the mounting disc is placed on the front of the base and connected to the central axis of the corresponding pinion; two rubber fingers are arranged on each mounting disc, and the two rubber fingers are tilted and arranged oppositely;

[0015] Wherein, a plurality of flexible friction particles are arranged on the surface of the rubber finger; a cavity is arranged inside the rubber finger, and a return spring is arranged in the cavity;

[0016] The mud rubbing motor is located on the back of the base and is connected to the base drive; the mud rubbing motor drives the base to rotate, so that the inner gear ring engages the transmission pinion, and then drives the installation plate with rubber fingers to rotate. At the same time, the rubber fingers rotate with the rotation of the base to flexibly rub and remove mud from the dried tubers.

[0017] In the above scheme, the mud removal unit is also provided with a push-pull structure, which can adjust the distance between the relatively arranged mud rubbing plates to simulate the distance between the hands of a person, including:

[0018] Bottom plate, used to install the mud rubbing motor,

[0019] A fixed plate is arranged horizontally and fixedly connected to the outer shell of the demudification unit, and the bottom plate is slidably matched with the fixed plate;

[0020] The cylinder is mounted on the fixed plate, and its output shaft is connected to the base plate;

[0021] A pair of air cylinders drives a bottom plate equipped with a mud-rubbing motor to slide on a corresponding fixed plate, so that a pair of mud-rubbing plates move toward or away from each other.

[0022] In the present invention, the temperature of the drying mechanism can be set according to actual conditions, and the material in the feed barrel can be ventilated and dried, which is beneficial to remove moisture and mud on the surface of the tubers; the relatively arranged mud rubbing plates rotate in opposite directions when working, and the setting of rubber fingers simulates human hands to rub and peel the dry mud on the surface of the tubers; the setting of the discharge box screen and the fan can make the dust on the surface of the tubers fall off. The whole device solves the problem of drying sweet potatoes on rainy days, improves the work efficiency of the pre-processing process of sweet potato storage, and facilitates the subsequent storage of sweet potatoes. The present invention can not only be used to remove soil on the surface of tuberous plants, but also can be used to remove soil on the surface of other tuberous plants (such as potatoes), and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feed drying unit of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the desludging unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mud rubbing board of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a front view schematic diagram of the mud rubbing board of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing transmission of the inner gear ring and the pinion gear of the base of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber finger of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharging unit of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: feed barrel 1, drying mechanism 2, stirring motor 3, flexible spiral blade 4, mud rubbing board 5, rubber finger 6, belt transmission mechanism 7, belt 8, discharge box 9, screen 10, fan 11, screen spring 12, collection box 13, base 14, inner gear ring 15, mounting plate 16, pinion 17, center shaft 18, return spring 19, mud rubbing motor 20, bottom plate 21, fixed plate 22, cylinder 23, sliding door 24, mud removal unit housing 25, guide plate 26. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The root tuber storage pre-treatment device comprises a feed drying unit, a mud removal unit, and a discharge unit.

[0034] The feed drying unit includes a feed barrel 1 and a drying mechanism 2 placed in the feed barrel, which is used to dry the mud and moisture on the surface of the tuberous roots.

[0035] The drying mechanism can choose a temperature-adjustable heater, and the specific working temperature is set according to the air temperature during manual drying.

[0036] A stirring structure is provided in the feed barrel, including a stirring motor 3, a stirring shaft, and a flexible spiral blade 4 arranged on the stirring shaft. The stirring motor drives the flexible spiral blade to rotate to turn the material in the feed barrel for easy drying, and the flexible spiral blade is not easy to damage the epidermis of the tuber.

[0037] The mud removal unit is located below the discharge port of the feed barrel and includes a pair of mud rubbing plates 5 on which rubber fingers 6 are arranged.

[0038] A pair of mud rubbing boards are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate with each other to simulate human hands to remove mud from the surface of dried root tubers; a belt transmission mechanism 7 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer shell of the mud removal unit, and the belt transmission mechanism is located below the pair of mud rubbing boards, and the belt 8 of the belt transmission mechanism is a hollow structure, which is convenient for mud to enter the bottom of the outer shell for collection.

[0039] The discharging unit includes a discharging box 9 and a screen 10. The feed port of the discharging box is located at the discharging port of the demudification unit. The screen is arranged at the bottom of the discharging box to shake off the dust on the surface of the tubers. A fan 11 is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the discharging box to blow away the dust on the surface of the tubers. The bottom of the discharging box is open, and the screen is installed above the collecting box 13 through the screen spring 12 to collect the dust that is shaken off.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Based on the first embodiment, the rubbing board comprises:

[0042] The base 14 is a circular shell with a cavity, and an inner gear ring 15 is provided inside the cavity;

[0043] There are several mud rubbing discs, including a mounting disc 16, a pinion 17 and a rubber finger 6; the pinion is mounted in the base housing through a central shaft 18 (the central shaft is rotatably connected to the base housing through a bearing, and is fixedly connected to the pinion and the mounting disc), and is meshed with the inner gear ring for transmission; the mounting disc is placed on the front of the base and is connected to the central shaft of the corresponding pinion;

[0044] Two rubber fingers are arranged on each mounting plate, and the two rubber fingers are tilted and arranged opposite to each other. A plurality of flexible friction particles are arranged on the surface of the rubber fingers; a cavity is arranged inside the rubber fingers, and a reset spring 19 is arranged in the cavity;

[0045] The mud rubbing motor 20 is located on the back of the base and is connected to the base drive; the mud rubbing motor drives the base to rotate, so that the inner gear ring engages the transmission pinion, and then drives the installation plate with rubber fingers to rotate. At the same time, the rubber fingers rotate with the rotation of the base to flexibly rub and remove mud from the dried tubers.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Based on Example 2, the mud removal unit is further provided with a push-pull structure, which can adjust the distance between the relatively arranged mud rubbing plates, including:

[0048] The bottom plate 21 is used to install the mud rubbing motor.

[0049] The fixing plate 22 is arranged horizontally and fixedly connected to the housing 25 of the demudification unit, and the bottom plate is slidably matched with the fixing plate;

[0050] The cylinder 23 is mounted on the fixed plate, and its output shaft is connected to the bottom plate;

[0051] A pair of air cylinders drives a bottom plate equipped with a mud-rubbing motor to slide on a corresponding fixed plate, so that a pair of mud-rubbing plates move toward or away from each other.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] Pre-processing method for root storage:

[0054] 1. Drying

[0055] 1) Open the drying mechanism 2 in the feed barrel 1, set the temperature of the drying mechanism according to the actual situation, and blow hot air into the feed barrel for preheating;

[0056] 2) Place the tubers that have just been pulled out of the ground and are covered with moisture and mud into the feeding barrel, and use the hot air in the barrel to dry the mud and moisture on the surface of the tubers;

[0057] 3) Turn on the stirring motor 3, start the flexible spiral blade 4 of the stirring structure in the feeding barrel, and gently turn over the tubers in the barrel to make the mud and water on the surface of the tubers dry fully;

[0058] 2. Remove mud

[0059] 1) Feed the dried root tubers in the feeding tube to the belt 8 of the belt conveyor mechanism in the demudification unit; start a pair of cylinders 23 to drive the bottom plate 21 equipped with the mud rubbing motor 20 to slide on the fixed plate 22, so that the pair of mud rubbing plates 5 move toward each other until the distance between the pair of mud rubbing plates matches the belt below them;

[0060] 2) Start a pair of mud-rubbing motors 20, the two mud-rubbing motors rotate in opposite directions; the mud-rubbing motors drive the base 14 to rotate, so that the inner gear ring 15 engages with the transmission pinion 17, and then drives the mounting plate 16 equipped with the rubber fingers 6 to rotate. At the same time, the rubber fingers rotate with the rotation of the base;

[0061] The relatively arranged mud rubbing plates cooperate with each other, and the rubber fingers rotate with the inner gear ring and the pinion respectively, and the flexible friction particles on the surface of the rubber fingers flexibly rub and remove mud from the dried root tubers; the rubber fingers can be quickly reset after being squeezed by external force under the action of the reset spring 19 in the cavity;

[0062] 3) While the dried root tubers are flexibly kneaded to remove mud, the peeled mud falls from the hollow belt 8 and gathers at the bottom of the shell 25 for later cleaning;

[0063] 4) Start the belt conveyor mechanism 7, and deliver the demudified root tubers into the discharge box 9 through the guide plate 26 located at the output end of the belt conveyor mechanism;

[0064] 3. Discharging

[0065] 1) After the mud is removed, the tubers enter the discharge box 9 and fall on the flexible screen 10. Since the screen spring 12 is arranged at the bottom of the screen, the screen spring is stressed to make the screen vibrate to shake off the dust on the surface of the tubers. The dust passes through the screen and falls into the collection box 13 below;

[0066] 2) Turn on the fan 11 on the top of the discharge box to blow away the dust floating on the surface of the tubers;

[0067] 3) Open the sliding door 24 of the discharge box and take out the tubers on the screen after drying and mud removal.

Claims

1. A method for pre-processing root storage, characterized in that: include: Feed drying unit, desludging unit, and discharging unit; The feed drying unit comprises a feed cylinder and a drying mechanism and a stirring structure placed in the feed cylinder; The drying mechanism is a temperature-adjustable heater, and the stirring structure comprises: a stirring motor, a stirring shaft, and a flexible spiral blade arranged on the stirring shaft; The mud removal unit is located below the discharge port of the feed barrel and includes a pair of mud rubbing plates, a shell, and a push-pull structure; the pair of mud rubbing plates are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate with each other; The mud scrubbing board includes: a base, a mud scrubbing plate, and a mud scrubbing motor; the base is a circular shell with a cavity, and an inner gear ring is arranged inside the cavity; the mud scrubbing plate is provided with a plurality of parts, including a mounting plate, a small gear and a rubber finger; the push-pull structure includes: a bottom plate, a fixing plate, and a cylinder; The pinion is installed in the base shell through the central axis and meshes with the inner gear ring for transmission; the mounting plate is placed on the front of the base and connected to the central axis of the corresponding pinion; the mud-rubbing motor is located on the back of the base and is connected to the base drive; Two rubber fingers are arranged on each mounting plate, and the two rubber fingers are tilted and arranged opposite to each other; a plurality of flexible friction particles are arranged on the surface of the rubber fingers; a cavity is arranged inside the rubber fingers, and a reset spring is arranged in the cavity; The bottom plate is used to install the mud rubbing motor, the fixed plate is arranged horizontally and fixedly connected to the shell of the mud removal unit, and the bottom plate and the fixed plate are slidably matched; the cylinder is installed on the fixed plate, and its output shaft is connected to the bottom plate; A belt transmission mechanism is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the shell, the belt transmission mechanism is located below a pair of mud rubbing boards, and the belt of the belt transmission mechanism is a hollow structure; The discharge unit comprises a discharge box and a screen, wherein the feed port of the discharge box is located at the discharge port of the desludging unit; the screen is arranged at the bottom of the discharge box, the bottom of the discharge box is open, the screen is installed above the collecting box through a screen spring, and a fan is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the discharge box; During pre-processing: 1) Drying a. Open the drying mechanism in the feed barrel, set the temperature of the drying mechanism according to the actual situation, and blow hot air into the feed barrel for preheating; b. Place the tubers that have just been pulled out of the ground and are covered with moisture and mud in the feeding barrel, and use the hot air in the barrel to dry the mud and moisture on the surface of the tubers; c. Turn on the stirring motor, start the flexible spiral blades of the stirring structure in the feeding barrel, and gently turn over the tubers in the barrel to fully dry the mud and water on the surface of the tubers; 2) Remove mud a. Send the dried root tubers in the feeding tube to the belt of the belt conveyor mechanism in the desludging unit; A pair of air cylinders are started to drive the bottom plate equipped with the mud-rubbing motor to slide on the fixed plate, so that the pair of mud-rubbing plates move toward each other until the distance between the pair of mud-rubbing plates matches the belt below them; b. Start a pair of mud-rubbing motors, which rotate in opposite directions. The mud-rubbing motors drive the base to rotate, causing the inner gear ring to mesh with the transmission pinion, which in turn drives the mounting plate with the rubber fingers to rotate. At the same time, the rubber fingers rotate with the base. The mud-rubbing boards arranged opposite to each other cooperate with each other, and the rubber fingers rotate with the inner gear ring and the pinion respectively, and the flexible friction particles on the surface of the rubber fingers flexibly rub and remove mud from the dried root tubers; The rubber finger can be quickly reset after being squeezed by external force due to the action of the reset spring inside its cavity; c. While the dried root tubers are rubbed softly to remove mud, the stripped mud falls from the hollow belt structure and gathers at the bottom of the shell for later cleaning; d. Start the belt conveyor mechanism, and deliver the demudified root tubers into the discharge box through the guide plate located at the output end of the belt conveyor mechanism; 3) Discharging a. The tubers after mud removal enter the discharge box and fall on the flexible screen. Since the screen spring is set at the bottom of the screen, the screen vibrates after the screen spring is stressed to shake off the dust on the surface of the tubers. The dust passes through the screen and falls into the collection box below; b. Turn on the fan on the top of the discharge box to blow away the dust floating on the surface of the root tubers; c. Open the sliding door of the discharge box and take out the tubers that have been dried and de-mudden on the sieve.

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