A structural layout form of a sediment dredging inclined water retaining dam for the downstream movement of small boats and the upstream movement of fish in a landscape river section

Abstract

The present invention discloses a silt-removing inclined water-storing dam structure layout form for the downstream of small boats and the upstream of fish in a landscape river section, which includes a water-storing dam arranged in the river channel. The water-storing dam extends obliquely from one bank of the river channel to the other bank; a passageway is provided at one end of the water-storing dam close to the upstream of the river channel, and a silt-removing channel is provided at one end of the water-storing dam close to the downstream of the river channel; both the passageway and the silt-removing channel are communicated with the upstream and downstream of the river channel, and the passageway and the silt-removing channel extend along the corresponding river banks respectively; a silt-removing gate is provided in the silt-removing channel. The present invention can handle the local siltation of the river channel caused by water storage, improve the human settlement environment on both banks of the river channel, and at the same time can provide a passage for human rafting downstream and fish upstream migration when the river channel is blocked by water storage, beautifying the human settlement environment on both banks of the river channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a layout form of a silt-removing inclined water retaining dam for small boats to go downstream and fish to go upstream in a landscape river section. Background Art

[0002] To meet the requirements of water governance in the new era, many towns have constructed a source pollution control and rainwater resource utilization system mainly based on a sponge system, a pollution process reduction and end treatment system with the improvement of plant and network quality and efficiency as the starting point, an ecological restoration and purification system formed by making full use of the space of river lakes and wetlands, and a concept of waterfront construction centered on enhancing the living experience of residents. During the construction of the waterfront, many water retaining projects have adopted water retaining dams that cross the river, which simply divide the rivers passing through towns into small water retaining reservoirs at different levels. Up to now, a considerable number of urban landscape water retaining projects have been built in China. Through the operation analysis in recent years, the problems existing in these water retaining dams are that they cause siltation in local river sections, completely separate the water retaining areas, and humans, fish, and silt cannot pass through, reducing the intimacy between humans and water and causing a certain blocking and damaging effect on the local water ecosystem. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a layout form of a silt-removing inclined water retaining dam for small boats to go downstream and fish to go upstream in a landscape river section, which is convenient for forming a wide-range falling water landscape, for small boats with manual power to go downstream and drift, for fish to go upstream and migrate back, and for silt cleaning in the water retaining river section.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problem is: a layout form of a silt-removing inclined water retaining dam for small boats to go downstream and fish to go upstream in a landscape river section, including a water retaining dam arranged in the river channel, and the water retaining dam extends obliquely from one bank of the river channel to the other bank; a passage is provided at one end of the water retaining dam close to the upstream of the river channel, and a silt-removing channel is provided at one end of the water retaining dam close to the downstream of the river channel; both the passage and the silt-removing channel are communicated with the upstream and downstream of the river channel, and the passage and the silt-removing channel extend along the corresponding river banks respectively; a silt-removing gate is provided in the silt-removing channel.

[0005] Further: the silt-removing channel is a concave silt-removing channel, and the silt-removing channel protrudes in an arc shape towards the outside of the river bank in the direction perpendicular to the river bank to form a concave silt-removing channel.

[0006] Further: the width of the silt-removing channel is 1 / 15 - 1 / 5 of the river channel width, and the bottom elevation of the silt-removing channel is 0 - 0.5 m lower than the river channel elevation; the included angles between the upstream axis and the downstream axis of the silt-removing channel and the mainstream axis of the river channel are 10 - 30°.

[0007] Furthermore, the silt drainage channel is an inclined plane channel, and the height of the silt drainage channel gradually decreases from the upstream direction of the river channel towards the downstream direction of the river channel; the starting elevation of the upstream end of the silt drainage channel is greater than the riverbed elevation of the river channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the slope of the silt drainage channel is 1-5%.

[0009] Furthermore, the passage channel is a slope channel, and the height of the passage channel gradually decreases from the upstream direction of the river channel towards the downstream direction of the river channel; the starting elevation of the upstream end of the passage channel is greater than the riverbed elevation of the river channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the slope of the slope of the passage channel is not higher than 1:4.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the water retaining dam near the upstream end of the river channel is greater than the height of the water retaining dam near the downstream end of the river channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the height difference between the two ends of the water retaining dam is 0.5-1.5 m.

[0013] Furthermore, the angle between the water retaining dam and the water flow direction in the river channel is 10-30°.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention improves the structure of the water retaining dam arranged in the river channel. By adopting an obliquely arranged water retaining dam and respectively arranging a passage channel and a silt drainage channel at the upstream and downstream ends of the water retaining dam, it can ensure that the passage channel remains unobstructed all year round. When there is incoming water, all the incoming water flows down through the passage channel, and the excess incoming water can flow away from the top of the obliquely arranged water retaining dam, ensuring that the downstream of the water flow will not affect the safety and stability of the downstream small boats; and in the present invention, the obliquely arranged water retaining dam can direct the silt and sludge deposited in front of the dam in the river channel to the silt drainage channel, and use the principle of scouring at the concave bank of the water flow to discharge the deposited matter in the silt drainage channel downstream, achieving a good sediment and silt drainage effect; the present invention can handle the local siltation of the river channel caused by water retention, improve the living environment on both sides of the river channel, and at the same time can provide a channel for human drifting downstream and fish upstream migration when the river channel is blocked by water retention, beautifying the living environment on both sides of the river channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a top view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view at A-A in

[0017] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view at B-B in

[0018] Figure 4 isFigure 1 Cross-sectional view at C-C.

[0019] In the figure, the markings are: 100 - river channel, 110 - riverbank, 200 - water retaining dam, 300 - passageway, 400 - silt removal channel, 410 - silt removal sluice. Specific implementation manner

[0020] For the convenience of understanding the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "inner", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, a structural layout form of a silt removal inclined water retaining dam for a small boat to go downstream and fish to go upstream in a landscape river section disclosed by the present invention is composed of a river channel 100, a water retaining dam 200, a passageway 300 and a silt removal channel 400. The water retaining dam 200 in the present invention is arranged obliquely in the river channel 100, and the water retaining dam 200 extends obliquely from one riverbank 110 of the river channel 100 to the other riverbank 110. A passageway 300 and a silt removal channel 400 are respectively added at both ends of the water retaining dam 200. The passageway 300 is arranged at one end of the water retaining dam 200 close to the upstream of the river channel 100, and the silt removal channel 400 is arranged at one end of the water retaining dam 200 close to the downstream of the river channel 100. The water retaining dam 200 is arranged obliquely from the upstream direction of the river channel 100 towards the downstream direction of the river channel; the passageway 300 extends along the corresponding riverbank 110 on one side of the river channel 100, and the silt removal channel 400 extends along the corresponding river channel 110 on the other side of the river channel 100; one end of the passageway 300 is communicated with the upstream of the river channel 100, and the other end of the passageway 300 is communicated with the downstream of the river channel 100; similarly, one end of the silt removal channel 400 is communicated with the upstream of the river channel 100, and the other end of the silt removal channel 400 is communicated with the downstream of the river channel 100. In the present invention, a passageway 300 is set as a passage for human rafting and fish migration, and a silt removal channel 400 is set to remove sand from the river channel 100, and a silt removal sluice 410 is also arranged in the silt removal channel 400.

[0023] In the present invention, a slant water retaining dam 100 is used in cooperation with a passage channel 300 and a silt drainage channel 400. The upstream and downstream water flows of the river channel 100 are connected through the passage channel 300 at one end of the water retaining dam 100, which can ensure that the passage channel 300 always has smooth water flow. When there is incoming water, the incoming water all discharges through the passage channel 300. If the water flow rate is too large, the excess water can flow over the top of the water retaining dam 100, and the overflowing water enters the energy dissipation area in the downstream direction of the water retaining dam 100 to dissipate the energy of the falling water. As the incoming water volume increases, the overflow width of the water flow over the top of the water retaining dam 100 becomes larger, and the shape of the water flow falling from the top of the water retaining dam 100 also widens. The slant water retaining dam 100 arranged obliquely can form a wider falling water landscape, and the falling and rolling water flow can bring a more beautiful local water environment. At the same time, since the energy dissipation area of the discharging water flow is separated from the passage channel 300, the water flow overflowing from the top of the water retaining dam 100 will not affect the ships sailing downstream in the passage channel 300 after discharging, thus ensuring the safety and stability of the ships during the downstream process. The passage channel 300 can not only be used as a passage for ships to sail downstream, but also as a passage for human rafting and fish migration. The present invention realizes the sand dredging work of the river channel 100 through the silt drainage channel 400. When the water flow in the river channel 100 is large, the passage of ships in the passage channel 300 can be stopped according to the flood discharge situation, and the opening degree of the gate of the silt drainage gate 410 is selected according to the silt situation in the water area of the river channel 100. After the silt drainage gate 410 is opened, the water flow in the river channel 100 passes through the silt drainage channel 400, and the slant water retaining dam 410 can guide the silt and sludge deposited in the river channel 100 to the silt drainage channel 400 through the water flow. Since the width of the silt drainage channel 400 is much smaller than the width of the river channel 100, the water flow velocity in the silt drainage channel 400 increases, and the silt and sludge are discharged downstream of the river channel 100 through the silt drainage channel 400 under the agitation and scouring of the high-speed water flow.

[0024] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the passage channel 300 in the present invention is a slope channel, and the height of the passage channel 300 gradually decreases from the upstream direction of the river channel 100 towards the downstream direction of the river channel 100; the starting elevation of the upstream end of the passage channel 300 is greater than the riverbed elevation of the river channel 100. The slope of the passage channel 300 is not higher than 1:4.

[0025] As Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the silt drainage channel 400 in the present invention is an inclined plane channel, and the height of the silt drainage channel 400 gradually decreases from the upstream direction of the river channel 100 towards the downstream direction of the river channel 100; the starting elevation of the upstream end of the silt drainage channel 400 is greater than the riverbed elevation of the river channel 100. The slope of the silt drainage channel 400 is 1-5%.

[0026] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, in order to achieve better sediment and sand drainage effects, the present invention further optimizes the structure of the sediment drainage channel 400, and improves the sediment drainage channel 400 into a concave sediment drainage channel. The sediment drainage channel 400 is convex in an arc shape toward the outside of the river bank 110 in the direction perpendicular to the river bank 110 to form a concave sediment drainage channel. By setting the concave sediment drainage channel, when the silt and sludge upstream of the river channel 100 are washed into the sediment drainage channel 400 by the flowing water, the water flow will form a faster flow rate and have an arc-shaped flow direction in the concave sediment drainage channel, agitating the silt and sludge in the sediment drainage channel 400, so that the silt and sludge deposited at the bottom of the river channel 100 are involved in the water flow and discharged together to the downstream of the river channel 100, thereby achieving better sediment and sand drainage effects. Further, according to the actual width range of the natural river channel, the width of the sediment drainage channel 400 in the present invention is limited. The width of the sediment drainage channel 400 is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the width of the river channel 100, and the bottom elevation of the sediment drainage channel 400 is 0 to 0.5 m lower than the river channel elevation; the included angles between the upstream axis and the downstream axis of the sediment drainage channel 400 and the mainstream axis of the river channel 100 are 10 to 30°. With the above size parameters, the best scouring effect on the concave bank can be achieved without affecting the normal flow of water in the sediment drainage channel 400.

[0027] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in the figure, in addition to the inclined setting of the water retaining dam 200 in the present invention, the top of the water retaining dam 200 is also inclined. The height of the water retaining dam 200 at the end close to the upstream of the river channel 100 is greater than the height of the water retaining dam 200 at the end close to the downstream of the river channel 100. The height of the water retaining dam 200 gradually decreases from the end close to the upstream of the river channel 100 toward the end close to the downstream of the river channel 100, so that the top of the water retaining dam 200 forms an inclined plane. With the above scheme, it can be ensured that the activities of ships, humans and fish in the passage channel 300 are not affected by the downstream flow of water. Since the passage channel 300 is located at the end with a higher elevation of the water retaining dam 200, even if the water flow in the river channel 100 is too large, when the water flows over the top of the water retaining dam 200, it will also flow toward the sediment drainage channel 400 at the same time and will not flow into the passage channel 300. The height difference between the two ends of the water retaining dam 200 is 0.5 to 1.5 m; the angle between the water retaining dam 200 and the water flow direction in the river channel 100 is 10 to 30°; with the above size parameters, the best overflow effect and sediment guiding effect can be achieved.

Claims

1. A silt-removing inclined water-damming structure layout form for small boats going downstream and fish going upstream in a landscape river section, characterized in that: It includes a water retaining dam (200) arranged in a river channel (100), and the water retaining dam (200) extends obliquely from one bank (110) of the river channel (100) to the other bank (110); a passageway (300) is provided at one end of the water retaining dam (200) close to the upstream of the river channel (100), and a silt discharge channel (400) is provided at one end of the water retaining dam (200) close to the downstream of the river channel (100); both the passageway (300) and the silt discharge channel (400) are communicated with the upstream and downstream of the river channel (100), and the passageway (300) and the silt discharge channel (400) extend along the corresponding bank (110); a silt discharge gate (410) is arranged in the silt discharge channel (400). The silt discharge channel (400) is a concave silt discharge channel. The silt discharge channel (400) is convex in an arc shape towards the outside of the bank (110) in the direction perpendicular to the bank (110) to form a concave silt discharge channel; the width of the silt discharge channel (400) is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the width of the river channel (100), and the bottom elevation of the silt discharge channel (400) is 0 to 0.5 m lower than the river channel elevation; the included angles between the upstream axis and the downstream axis of the silt discharge channel (400) and the main flow axis of the river channel (100) are 10 to 30°; the silt discharge channel (400) is an inclined plane channel, and the height of the silt discharge channel (400) gradually decreases from the upstream direction of the river channel (100) towards the downstream direction of the river channel (100); the starting elevation of the upstream end of the silt discharge channel (400) is greater than the riverbed elevation of the river channel (100); the slope of the silt discharge channel (400) is 1 to 5%. The passageway (300) is a slope channel, and the height of the passageway (300) gradually decreases from the upstream direction of the river channel (100) towards the downstream direction of the river channel (100); the starting elevation of the upstream end of the passageway (300) is greater than the riverbed elevation of the river channel (100); the slope of the slope of the passageway (300) is not higher than 1:

4. The height of the water retaining dam (200) at one end close to the upstream of the river channel (100) is greater than the height of the water retaining dam (200) at one end close to the downstream of the river channel (100).

2. The layout form of the sediment dredging inclined water retaining dam for the downstream movement of small boats and the upstream movement of fish in a landscape river section as described in claim 1, wherein: The height difference between the two ends of the water retaining dam (200) is 0.5 to 1.5 m.

3. The layout form of the silt-removing inclined water-retaining dam for the downstream movement of small boats and the upstream movement of fish in a landscape river section as described in claim 1, wherein: The angle between the water retaining dam (200) and the water flow direction in the river channel (100) is 10 to 30°.

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