Optical Detection Equipment and Method for Perovskite Absorbing Layer

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular, to an optical detection device and method for a perovskite absorption layer. The optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer of the present invention includes a detection system and an optical signal processing system; the detection system includes a conveying device, a first linear light source emission device, a second linear light source emission device, a first position sensor, a second position sensor, a first light receiver, and a second light receiver, and the detection system is placed in a sealed chamber; the first linear light source emission device is used to provide a first linear light source, and the second linear light source emission device is used to provide a second linear light source; the first linear light source is a blue-green light source, and the second linear light source is a blue-violet light source. The device of the present invention can determine whether there is an abnormality in the perovskite absorption layer and analyze the cause of the abnormality, and can determine whether PbI2 and δ-FAPbI3 exist in the perovskite absorption layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more particularly, to an optical detection device and method for a perovskite absorption layer. Background Art

[0002] The perovskite solar cell technology has made rapid progress in the past decade. Compared with the crystalline silicon solar technology, the perovskite solar technology has the advantages of a short industrial chain, fewer processes, relatively simple equipment, low energy consumption, and low raw material cost, which has attracted more and more attention.

[0003] As a product of the perovskite solar cell technology, large-area perovskite solar modules need to detect each film layer during the production process to verify the stability and large-area uniformity of the coating process. Among them, the preparation process of the perovskite absorption layer is the top priority of the whole process.

[0004] The perovskite absorption layer is composed of Cs 1-x FA x PbI x Br 3-x , and this composition is prepared from precursor components PbI2, CsI (CsBr), and FAI (FABr) by gas-phase or liquid-phase methods. The perovskite absorption layer may be mixed with residual PbI2 and δ-FAPbI3, and these two components will directly affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar module. The existing devices and methods can only judge whether the perovskite absorption layer is abnormal, but cannot find the reason for the abnormality, and there is no method to detect the residual PbI2 and δ-FAPbI3 in the large-area perovskite absorption layer.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide an optical detection device for a perovskite absorption layer to solve the problem that the existing devices and methods can only judge whether the perovskite absorption layer is abnormal and cannot find the reason for the abnormality. The device of the present invention can determine whether there is an abnormality in the perovskite absorption layer and the reason for the abnormality, so as to determine whether there is PbI2 and δ-FAPbI3 in the perovskite absorption layer.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for optically detecting a perovskite absorption layer by using the optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer. This method can not only determine whether there is an abnormality in the perovskite absorption layer, but also determine the reason for the abnormality.

[0008] In order to achieve the above objects of the present invention, the following technical solutions are specifically adopted:

[0009] Optical detection device for perovskite absorption layer, comprising a detection system and an optical signal processing system; the detection system includes a conveying device, a first linear light source emission device, a second linear light source emission device, a first position sensor, a second position sensor, a first optical receiver and a second optical receiver, and the detection system is placed in a sealed cabin; the first linear light source emission device is used to provide a first linear light source, and the second linear light source emission device is used to provide a second linear light source;

[0010] The first optical receiver and the first linear light source emission device are located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying device respectively, and the first optical receiver is arranged opposite to the first linear light source; the second optical receiver and the second linear light source emission device are located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying device respectively, and the second optical receiver is arranged opposite to the second linear light source;

[0011] The horizontal distance between the first linear light source and the second linear light source is greater than the length of the perovskite photovoltaic module; the first linear light source is a blue-green light source, and the second linear light source is a blue-violet light source;

[0012] The first position sensor is arranged opposite to the first linear light source and is on the outer side of the conveyor belt close to it; the second position sensor is arranged opposite to the second linear light source and is on the outer side of the conveyor belt close to it; the first linear light source emission device is electrically connected to the first position sensor; the second linear light source emission device is electrically connected to the second position sensor.

[0013] In one embodiment, the conveying device includes two conveyor belts arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane; the two conveyor belts are respectively used to support the two ends of the perovskite photovoltaic module along its width direction; the projections of the first linear light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts are located respectively intersect with the two conveyor belts; the projections of the second linear light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts are located respectively intersect with the two conveyor belts.

[0014] In one embodiment, the projections of the first linear light source or the second linear light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts are located are respectively perpendicular to any one of the conveyor belts.

[0015] In one embodiment, the lengths of the first linear light source and the second linear light source are respectively greater than the width of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first linear light source emission device includes a first light-emitting device and a first baffle; the first baffle is located directly below or directly above the first light-emitting device.

[0017] In one embodiment, the second linear light source emitting device includes a second light emitting device and a second baffle; the second baffle is located directly below or directly above the second light emitting device.

[0018] In one embodiment, the wavelength of the blue-green light source is 480 - 520 nm.

[0019] In one embodiment, the wavelength of the blue-violet light source is 420 - 460 nm.

[0020] In one embodiment, the detection system further includes a gantry, which includes a first cross beam, a second cross beam, two first side brackets, two second side brackets, and two bottom frames; both ends of the first cross beam are perpendicularly connected to the two first side brackets in the same direction, both ends of the second cross beam are perpendicularly connected to the two second side brackets in the same direction, and the first side bracket and the second side bracket on the same side are connected by the bottom frame; the two first side brackets, the two second side brackets, and the two bottom frames are all located outside the conveying device;

[0021] The first cross beam and the second cross beam are respectively located above the conveying device; the first cross beam is connected to the first linear light source emitting device or the first light receiver; the second cross beam is connected to the second linear light source emitting device or the second light receiver.

[0022] In one embodiment, a black anti-reflection layer is respectively provided on the surface of the gantry.

[0023] In one embodiment, the width of the perovskite photovoltaic module on each conveyor belt is 5 - 20 mm respectively.

[0024] In one embodiment, along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the sealed chamber.

[0025] In one embodiment, a black anti-reflection layer is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber.

[0026] A method for optically detecting a perovskite absorption layer by using the optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer described in item includes the following steps:

[0027] The perovskite photovoltaic module moves along with the conveying device, first passes through the first position sensor, and then passes through the second position sensor; or, first passes through the second position sensor, and then passes through the first position sensor;

[0028] When the front end of the perovskite photovoltaic module reaches the first position sensor, the first linear light source emission device forms a first linear light source and irradiates the perovskite photovoltaic module. The first light receiver receives the optical signal of the first linear light source that opens the first baffle, and transmits it to the optical signal processing system for processing. When the perovskite photovoltaic module moves away from the first position sensor, the first linear light source emission device closes the first baffle, and the first light receiver stops collecting the optical signal of the first linear light source.

[0029] When the perovskite photovoltaic module moves to the second position sensor, the second linear light source emission device opens the second baffle to form a second linear light source and irradiates the perovskite photovoltaic module. The second light receiver receives the optical signal of the second linear light source, and transmits it to the optical signal processing system for processing. When the perovskite photovoltaic module moves away from the second position sensor, the second linear light source emission device closes the second baffle, and the second light receiver stops collecting the optical signal of the second linear light source.

[0030] After the detection is completed, the optical signal processing system determines whether the perovskite photovoltaic module is qualified.

[0031] In one embodiment, during the process of the first linear light source irradiating and the second linear light source respectively irradiating the perovskite photovoltaic module, the fluctuations in the irradiance uniformity in the width direction of the perovskite photovoltaic module are less than 2%, and the temporal uniformity is less than 1%.

[0032] In one embodiment, the irradiances of the first linear light source and the second linear light source are respectively 0.1~100W / m 2 .

[0033] In one embodiment, multiple perovskite photovoltaic modules sequentially enter from the feed port of the closed chamber, and after being detected, they are removed from the discharge port of the closed chamber, and only one perovskite photovoltaic module is being detected in the optical detection device at a time.

[0034] During the process of the perovskite photovoltaic module being detected in the optical detection device, the feed port and the discharge port are always in a closed state.

[0035] In one embodiment, the first light receiver and the second light receiver receive optical signals at a time interval of 0.1~1s, respectively obtaining a number of light intensity signals Z （x,y） , where x represents the abscissa of this position on the perovskite photovoltaic module corresponding to the light intensity signal, and y represents the ordinate of this position;

[0036] The optical signal processing system processes the light intensity signal Z （x,y）Corresponding one-to-one with the test positions on the perovskite photovoltaic module, and outputting a three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of the transmitted light intensity Z and the horizontal position; comparing the three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram with the standard sample spectrum diagram, outputting a three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of ΔZ and the horizontal position, and calculating to obtain ΔZave and σ; where, ΔZ = Z - Z’, Z’ represents the transmitted light intensity corresponding to the standard sample spectrum diagram; ΔZave is the average value of all ΔZ; σ represents the standard deviation of all ΔZ, ;

[0037] Obtaining Z’ave and σ’ of the standard sample spectrum diagram, where, Z’ave represents the average value of all Z’, and σ’ represents the standard deviation of all Z’, ;

[0038] Judging whether the perovskite photovoltaic module passing through the first line light source and the second line light source is qualified according to the following formula:

[0039] When ΔZ ave / Z’ ave > ±5%, it is determined that the perovskite module passing through the first line light source is abnormal;

[0040] When ΔZ ave / Z’ aveE < ±5%, σ / σ’ > 110%, it is determined that the perovskite module passing through the first line light source is abnormal;

[0041] When ΔZ ave / Z’ ave < ±5%, σ / σ’ < 110%, it is determined that the perovskite module passing through the first line light source is normal.

[0042] In one embodiment, if ΔZ is greater than 0 when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the first line light source and the second line light source, it is determined that the perovskite absorption layer at this position on the perovskite photovoltaic module is too thin;

[0043] If ΔZ is less than 0 when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the first line light source and the second line light source, it is determined that the perovskite absorption layer at this position on the perovskite photovoltaic module is too thick;

[0044] If ΔZ < 0 when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the first line light source, and ΔZ ≥ 0 when passing through the second line light source, it is determined that there is PbI2 at this position;

[0045] If ΔZ < 0 when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the second line light source, and ΔZ ≥ 0 when passing through the first line light source, it is determined that there is δ-FAPbI3 at this position.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0047] (1) The present invention detects the perovskite absorption layer through the above detection system, and then processes the detected optical signal through the optical signal processing system, thereby determining whether the perovskite absorption layer is abnormal and the cause of the abnormality, so as to determine whether there is PbI2 and δ-FAPbI3 in the perovskite absorption layer.

[0048] (2) The line light source is more suitable for the industrial production of large-area perovskite components than the small-area point light source, which can improve the detection efficiency and ensure the production rhythm; compared with the large-area surface light source, the line light source has better irradiance uniformity and time stability.

[0049] (3) The cooperation between the two line light sources and the conveyor belt can ensure the continuous operation of the automated production, and thus ensure the production rhythm.

[0050] (4) The detection method of the present invention can not only determine whether the perovskite absorption layer is abnormal, but also determine the cause of the abnormality. Description of the Drawings

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0052] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the detection system for the perovskite absorption layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 Overall schematic diagram of the optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 Overall structural schematic diagram of the first line light source emitting device and the second line light source emitting device arranged on the gantry of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 Three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of △Z and horizontal position (X-Y) in the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 Front view structural schematic diagram of the first line light source emitting device of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 Side view structural schematic diagram of the first line light source emitting device of the present invention.

[0058] Reference numerals:

[0059] 1 - Conveyor device, 101 - Conveyor belt, 2 - First linear light source emission device, 201 - First light emitting device, 202 - First baffle, 3 - Second linear light source emission device, 301 - Second light emitting device, 302 - Second baffle, 4 - First light receiver, 5 - Second light receiver, 6 - First position sensor, 7 - Second position sensor, 8 - Gantry, 801 - First cross beam, 802 - Second cross beam, 803 - First side bracket, 804 - Second side bracket, 805 - Underframe, 9 - Sealed cabin, 901 - Feed inlet, 902 - Discharge outlet, 10 - Optical signal processing system, 100 - Detection system. Detailed implementation mode

[0060] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the invention product is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0062] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to an optical detection device for a perovskite absorption layer, including a detection system and an optical signal processing system; the detection system includes a conveyor device, a first linear light source emission device, a second linear light source emission device, a first position sensor, a second position sensor, a first light receiver and a second light receiver, and the detection system is placed in a sealed cabin; the first linear light source emission device is used to provide a first linear light source, and the second linear light source emission device is used to provide a second linear light source;

[0063] The first optical receiver and the first linear light source emitting device are located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying device respectively, and the first optical receiver is disposed opposite to the first linear light source; the second optical receiver and the second linear light source emitting device are located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying device respectively, and the second optical receiver is disposed opposite to the second linear light source;

[0064] The horizontal distance between the first linear light source and the second linear light source is greater than the length of the perovskite photovoltaic module; the first linear light source is a blue-green light source, and the second linear light source is a blue-violet light source;

[0065] The first position sensor is disposed opposite to the first linear light source and on the outer side of the conveyor belt adjacent thereto; the second position sensor is disposed opposite to the second linear light source and on the outer side of the conveyor belt adjacent thereto; the first linear light source emitting device is electrically connected to the first position sensor; the second linear light source emitting device is electrically connected to the second position sensor.

[0066] PbI2 has a significant absorbance jump at 500 nm. The absorbance of the standard perovskite thin film at this wavelength is almost the same as that at adjacent wavelengths. When a 500-nm light source with a fixed light intensity passes through lead iodide, the intensity of the transmitted light is weaker than that at adjacent wavelengths in the range of 500 - 510 nm. The intensity of the transmitted light can be measured using an optical signal detector. The presence of a difference in light intensity can be used to determine the presence of residual PbI2 in this region. For the standard perovskite, the absorbance of the light in this wavelength range is almost the same, so the intensity of the transmitted light is also the same. δ-FAPbI3 also has a similar phenomenon at 440 nm and can be detected using the same method.

[0067] The present invention detects the perovskite absorption layer through the above detection system, and then processes the detected optical signal through an optical signal processing system, thereby determining whether the perovskite absorption layer is abnormal and the cause of the abnormality, and further determining whether PbI2 and δ-FAPbI3 are present in the perovskite absorption layer.

[0068] The horizontal distance between the first linear light source and the second linear light source is greater than the length of the perovskite photovoltaic module, which can ensure that the two linear light sources are not turned on and emitting simultaneously, thus avoiding interference between the optical signals.

[0069] One side surface of the perovskite photovoltaic module has a perovskite absorption layer. The detection device of the present invention is located after the perovskite absorption layer preparation process and before the second carrier transport layer preparation process.

[0070] In one embodiment, the conveying device includes two conveyor belts arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane; the two conveyor belts are respectively used to receive both ends of the perovskite photovoltaic module along its width direction; the projections of the first linear light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts are located respectively intersect the two conveyor belts; the projections of the second linear light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts are located respectively intersect the two conveyor belts.

[0071] In one embodiment, the projections of the first linear light source or the second linear light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts are located are respectively perpendicular to any one of the conveyor belts.

[0072] In one embodiment, the lengths of the first linear light source and the second linear light source are respectively greater than the width of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0073] The conveying device does not block the light emitted by the light source; during the detection process, the two conveyor belts are always moving in the same direction and at the same speed.

[0074] In one embodiment, the wavelength of the blue-green light source is 480 - 520 nm, including but not limited to 490 nm, 500 nm, 510 nm or 520 nm.

[0075] In one embodiment, the wavelength of the blue-violet light source is 420 - 460 nm, including but not limited to 430 nm, 450 nm, 455 nm or 460 nm.

[0076] The selected wavelength ranges of the first linear light source and the second linear light source are significantly targeted, and the wavelength ranges are relatively narrow. Existing mature light-emitting technologies and filters can be used to ensure the accuracy of the wavelength ranges.

[0077] In one embodiment, the first linear light source emitting device includes a first light-emitting device and a first baffle; the first baffle is located directly below or directly above the first light-emitting device. That is, the first baffle is located between the first light-emitting device and the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0078] In one embodiment, the second linear light source emitting device includes a second light-emitting device and a second baffle; the second baffle is located directly below or directly above the second light-emitting device. That is, the second baffle is located between the second light-emitting device and the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0079] In one embodiment, the detection system further includes a gantry, which includes a first cross beam, a second cross beam, two first side brackets, two second side brackets, and two chassis; both ends of the first cross beam are vertically connected to the two first side brackets in the same direction, both ends of the second cross beam are vertically connected to the two second side brackets in the same direction, and the first side bracket and the second side bracket on the same side are connected by the first chassis; the two first side brackets, the two second side brackets, and the two chassis are all located outside the conveying device; the first cross beam and the second cross beam are respectively located above the conveying device; the first cross beam is connected to the first linear light source emitting device or the first light receiver; the second cross beam is connected to the second linear light source emitting device or the second light receiver.

[0080] That is, when the first linear light source emitting device or the first light receiver is located above the conveyor belt, it can be erected on the gantry. When the second linear light source emitting device or the second light receiver is located above the conveyor belt, it can be erected on the gantry.

[0081] In one embodiment, the first light emitting device is disposed directly below the first cross beam of the gantry and is connected to the first cross beam. The first baffle is connected to the first cross beam. The first baffle controls the irradiation of the first linear light source on the perovskite photovoltaic module by opening, and controls the termination of the irradiation of the first linear light source by closing the first baffle. In one embodiment, the opening and closing of the first baffle are controlled by a first position sensor.

[0082] In one embodiment, the second light emitting device is disposed directly below the second cross beam of the gantry and is connected to the second cross beam. The second baffle is connected to the second cross beam. The second baffle controls the irradiation of the second linear light source on the perovskite photovoltaic module by opening, and controls the termination of the irradiation of the second linear light source by closing the second baffle. In one embodiment, the opening and closing of the second baffle are controlled by a second position sensor.

[0083] In one embodiment, a black antireflection layer is respectively disposed on the surface of the gantry. This black antireflection can eliminate the interference of reflected light on the detection result.

[0084] In one embodiment, the width of the perovskite photovoltaic module on each conveyor belt is 5-20 mm respectively; for example, it is 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm or 20 mm, etc.

[0085] According to the width of the perovskite photovoltaic module, the conveyor belt can be supported at the bottom or clamped from above and below to ensure that the perovskite photovoltaic module does not warp and deform during the conveying process.

[0086] In one embodiment, along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively arranged at both ends of the sealed chamber. There are a feed inlet and a discharge outlet for automatically transporting perovskite solar modules.

[0087] In one embodiment, a black antireflection layer is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber.

[0088] The detection device is a closed space, which can avoid interference of external light on the test. At the same time, the inner walls are all coated with a black antireflection coating to avoid interference of optical signals inside the detection device.

[0089] A method for optically detecting a perovskite absorption layer by using the above-mentioned optical detection device for a perovskite absorption layer includes the following steps:

[0090] The perovskite photovoltaic module moves along with the conveying device, first passing through the first position sensor and then through the second position sensor; or, first passing through the second position sensor and then through the first position sensor;

[0091] When the front end of the perovskite photovoltaic module arrives at the first position sensor, the first linear light source emitting device opens the first baffle to form a first linear light source and irradiates the perovskite photovoltaic module. The first optical receiver receives the optical signal of the first linear light source and transmits it to the optical signal processing system for processing; when the perovskite photovoltaic module moves away from the first position sensor, the first linear light source emitting device closes the first baffle, and the first optical receiver stops collecting the optical signal of the first linear light source;

[0092] When the perovskite photovoltaic module moves to the second position sensor, the second linear light source emitting device opens the second baffle to form a second linear light source and irradiates the perovskite photovoltaic module. The second optical receiver receives the optical signal of the second linear light source and transmits it to the optical signal processing system for processing; when the perovskite photovoltaic module moves away from the second position sensor, the second linear light source emitting device closes the second baffle, and the second optical receiver stops collecting the optical signal of the second linear light source;

[0093] After the detection is completed, the optical signal processing system determines whether the perovskite photovoltaic module is qualified.

[0094] The method of the present invention can not only determine whether there is an abnormality in the perovskite photovoltaic module, but also further determine the cause of the existing abnormality.

[0095] In one embodiment, during the process of the first linear light source and the second linear light source respectively irradiating the perovskite photovoltaic module, the irradiance uniformity fluctuation of the perovskite photovoltaic module in its width direction is less than 2%, and the temporal uniformity is less than 1%.

[0096] In one embodiment, the irradiance of the first line light source and the second line light source is respectively 0.1~100 W / m 2 . In one embodiment, the irradiance of the two line light sources can be adjusted by an adjustment circuit. The irradiance respectively includes, but is not limited to, 10 W / m 2 , 20 W / m 2 , 30 W / m 2 , 40 W / m 2 , 50 W / m 2 , 60 W / m 2 , 70 W / m 2 , 80 W / m 2 or 90 W / m 2 .

[0097] In one embodiment, multiple perovskite photovoltaic modules sequentially enter from the feed port of the sealed chamber, and after being detected, they are removed from the discharge port of the sealed chamber, and only one perovskite photovoltaic module is detected in the optical detection device each time;

[0098] During the detection of the perovskite photovoltaic module in the optical detection device, the feed port and the discharge port are always in a closed state.

[0099] In one embodiment, the first light receiver and the second receiver are respectively linear light receivers. There are no less than 5 photosensitive components (such as A, B, C, D, E, etc.) arranged inside. The photosensitive component can measure the light intensity passing through the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0100] In one embodiment, the first light receiver and the second light receiver receive optical signals at a time interval of 0.1~1 s, and respectively obtain a number of light intensity signals Z （x,y） , where x represents the abscissa of this position on the perovskite photovoltaic module corresponding to the light intensity signal, and y represents the ordinate of this position;

[0101] The optical signal processing system makes the light intensity signal Z （x,y） correspond one-to-one with the test positions on the perovskite photovoltaic module, and outputs a three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of the transmitted light intensity Z and the horizontal position; compares the three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram with the standard sample spectrum diagram, outputs a three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of △Z and the horizontal position, and calculates △Zave and σ; where, △Z = Z - Z’, Z’ represents the transmitted light intensity corresponding to the standard sample spectrum diagram; △Zave is the average value of all △Z; σ represents the standard deviation of all △Z, ;

[0102] Obtain Z’ave and σ’ of the standard sample spectrum, where Z’ave represents the average value of all Z’, and σ’ represents the standard deviation of all Z’. ;

[0103] Judge whether the perovskite photovoltaic module passing through the first line light source and the second line light source is qualified according to the following formula:

[0104] When △Z ave / Z’ ave > ±5%, it is determined that the perovskite module passing through the first line light source is abnormal;

[0105] When △Z ave / Z’ aveE < ±5%, σ / σ’ > 110%, it is determined that the perovskite module passing through the first line light source is abnormal;

[0106] When △Z ave / Z’ ave < ±5%, σ / σ’ < 110%, it is determined that the perovskite module passing through the first line light source is normal.

[0107] In an embodiment, if △Z is greater than 0 when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the first line light source and the second line light source, it is determined that the perovskite absorption layer at this position on the perovskite photovoltaic module is too thin.

[0108] If △Z is less than 0 when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the first line light source and the second line light source, it is determined that the perovskite absorption layer at this position on the perovskite photovoltaic module is too thick.

[0109] If △Z < 0 when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the first line light source, and △Z ≥ 0 when passing through the second line light source, it is determined that PbI2 exists at this position;

[0110] If △Z < 0 when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the second line light source, and △Z ≥ 0 when passing through the first line light source, it is determined that δ-FAPbI3 exists at this position.

[0111] Determine that the perovskite module is abnormal and flows out of the automatic line at the discharge port; if the perovskite module is determined to be normal, it flows to the next process at the discharge port.

[0112] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of △Z and the horizontal position (X-Y). The horizontal plane takes the center of the module as the coordinate origin. From Figure 2It can be seen that the protruding part where △Z>0 indicates a high transmitted light intensity here, which is caused by the relatively thin thickness of the perovskite absorption layer at this place; the sunken part where △Z<0 indicates a low transmitted light intensity here, which is due to the presence of substances that have stronger absorption of light of this wavelength or the relatively thick thickness of the perovskite absorption layer at this place. Then, by comparing the results detected by the two line light sources, if both positions are sunken, it can be determined that the perovskite absorption layer is relatively thick at this place. If only the depression is detected by line light source A, it means that PbI2 exists here. If only the depression is detected by line light source B, it means that δ-FAPbI3 exists here; the area where △Z = 0 indicates that the transmitted light intensity in this area is the same as that of the standard sample.

[0113] The following further explains and illustrates with specific embodiments.

[0114] Embodiment 1

[0115] An optical detection device for a perovskite absorption layer, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, includes a detection system 100 and an optical signal processing system 10; the detection system 100 includes a conveying device 1, a first line light source emitting device 2, a second line light source emitting device 3, a first position sensor 6, a second position sensor 7, a first optical receiver 4 and a second optical receiver 5, and the detection system 100 is placed in a sealed chamber 9; the first line light source emitting device 2 is used to provide a first line light source, and the second line light source emitting device 3 is used to provide a second line light source;

[0116] The conveying device 1 includes two conveyor belts 101 arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane; the two conveyor belts 101 are respectively used to support the two ends of the perovskite photovoltaic module along its width direction; one side surface of the perovskite photovoltaic module has a perovskite absorption layer;

[0117] The first optical receiver 4 and the first line light source emitting device 2 are located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying device 1 respectively, and the first optical receiver 4 is arranged opposite to the first line light source; the second optical receiver 5 and the second line light source emitting device 3 are located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying device 1 respectively, and the second optical receiver 5 is arranged opposite to the second line light source;

[0118] The projections of the first line light source or the second line light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts 101 are located are perpendicular to any one of the conveyor belts; the horizontal distance between the first line light source and the second line light source is greater than the length of the perovskite photovoltaic module; the lengths of the first line light source and the second line light source are respectively greater than the width of the perovskite photovoltaic module; the first line light source is a blue-green light source, and the wavelength of the blue-green light source is 480 - 520 nm; the second line light source is a blue-violet light source, and the wavelength of the blue-violet light source is 420 - 460 nm;

[0119] The first position sensor 6 is disposed opposite to the first line light source and on the outer side of the conveyor belt 101 adjacent thereto; the second position sensor 7 is disposed opposite to the second line light source and on the outer side of the conveyor belt 101 adjacent thereto; the first line light source emitting device 2 and the first position sensor 6 are electrically connected; the second line light source emitting device 3 and the second position sensor 7 are electrically connected.

[0120] The detection system 100 further includes a gantry 8, as Figure 3 shown. The gantry 8 includes a first cross beam 801, a second cross beam 802, two first side brackets 803, two second side brackets 804, and two chassis 805; both ends of the first cross beam 801 are respectively connected to the two first side brackets 803, both ends of the second cross beam 802 are respectively connected to the two second side brackets 804, and the first side brackets 803 and the second side brackets 804 on the same side are connected by the chassis 805; the two first side brackets 803, the two second side brackets 804, and the two chassis 805 are all located outside the conveying device 1; the first cross beam 801 and the second cross beam 802 are respectively located above the conveying device 1; the first cross beam 801 is connected to the first line light source emitting device 2; the second cross beam 802 is connected to the second line light source emitting device 3; the surface of the gantry 8 is respectively provided with a black antireflection layer.

[0121] The first line light source emitting device 2 is connected and disposed directly below the first cross beam 801 of the gantry 8, as Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown; the first line light source emitting device 2 includes a first light emitting device 201 and a first baffle 202; the first baffle 202 is connected to the first cross beam 801; the first baffle 202 is located directly below the first light emitting device 201; the first baffle 202 controls the formation of the first line light source by opening and controls the termination of the first line light source by closing;

[0122] The second line light source emitting device 3 is connected and disposed directly below the second cross beam 802 of the gantry 8, asFigure 3 As shown, the second linear light source emitting device 3 includes a second light emitting device 301 and a second baffle 302; the second baffle 302 is connected to the second cross beam 802. The second baffle 302 is located directly below the second light emitting device 301; the second baffle 302 controls the irradiation of the perovskite photovoltaic module by the second linear light source by opening, and controls the termination of the irradiation of the perovskite photovoltaic module by the second linear light source by closing.

[0123] The width of the perovskite photovoltaic module on each conveyor belt 101 is 10 mm respectively;

[0124] Along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 101, a feed inlet 901 and a discharge outlet 902 are respectively arranged at both ends of the sealed chamber 9; a black antireflection layer is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber 9.

[0125] Embodiment 2

[0126] A method for optically detecting a perovskite absorption layer by using the optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer described in Embodiment 1 includes the following steps:

[0127] (1) The feed inlet of the sealed chamber 9 is opened, the perovskite photovoltaic module enters the detection device, and the feed inlet 901 is closed;

[0128] (2) The perovskite photovoltaic module moves along with the conveying device 1, first passes through the first position sensor 6, and then passes through the second position sensor 7;

[0129] When the front end of the perovskite photovoltaic module reaches the first position sensor 6, the first baffle 202 opens, the first linear light source emitting device 2 forms a first linear light source and irradiates the perovskite photovoltaic module, the first light receiver 4 receives the optical signal of the first linear light source, and transmits it to the optical signal processing system 10 for processing; when the perovskite photovoltaic module moves away from the first position sensor 6, the first baffle 202 closes, the first linear light source terminates irradiation, and the first light receiver 4 stops collecting the optical signal of the first linear light source;

[0130] When the perovskite photovoltaic module moves to the second position sensor 7, the second baffle 302 opens, the second linear light source emitting device 3 forms a second linear light source and irradiates the perovskite photovoltaic module, the second light receiver 5 receives the optical signal of the second linear light source, and transmits it to the optical signal processing system 10 for processing; when the perovskite photovoltaic module moves away from the second position sensor 7, the second baffle 302 closes, the second linear light source terminates irradiation, and the second light receiver 5 stops collecting the optical signal of the second linear light source.

[0131] During the process of irradiating the perovskite photovoltaic module with the first line light source and the second line light source respectively, the irradiance uniformity fluctuation of the perovskite photovoltaic module in its width direction is less than 2%, and the temporal uniformity is less than 1%; the irradiances of the first line light source and the second line light source are 0.1~100W / m 2 .

[0132] After the detection is completed, the optical signal processing system 10 determines whether the perovskite photovoltaic module is qualified; the method for the optical signal processing system 10 to determine whether the perovskite photovoltaic module is qualified is as follows:

[0133] The first optical receiver 4 and the second optical receiver 5 receive the optical signals of the first line light source at time intervals of 0.1~1s, and obtain a number of light intensity signals Z A1 、Z A2 、Z A3 、Z A4 、Z A5 ……Z B1 、Z B2 、Z B3 、Z B4 、Z B5 ……Z C1 、Z C2 、Z C3 、Z C4 、Z C5 ……Z D1 、Z D2 、Z D3 、Z D4 、Z D5 ……Z E1 、Z E2 、Z E3 、Z E4 、Z E5 etc. The optical signal processing system 10 corresponds the light intensity signals to the test positions on the perovskite photovoltaic module one by one, and outputs a three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of the transmitted light intensity Z and the horizontal position; compares the three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram with the standard sample spectrum diagram, outputs a three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of △Z and the horizontal position, and calculates △Zave and σ; where, △Z = Z - Z’, Z’ represents the transmitted light intensity corresponding to the standard sample spectrum diagram; △Zave is the average value of all △Z; σ represents the standard deviation of all △Z, ; obtain Z’ave and σ’ of the standard sample spectrum diagram, where, Z’ave represents the average value of all Z’, σ’ represents the standard deviation of all Z’, ; judge whether the perovskite photovoltaic module passing through the first line light source is qualified according to the following formula: when △Z ave / Z’ ave> ±5%, it is determined that the perovskite component passing through the first line light source is abnormal; when △Z ave / Z’ ave < ±5%, σ / σ’ > 110%, it is determined that the perovskite component passing through the first line light source is abnormal; when △Z ave / Z’ ave < ±5%, σ / σ’ < 110%, it is determined that the perovskite component passing through the first line light source is normal.

[0134] If, when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic component passes through the first line light source and the second line light source, △Z is greater than 0, it is determined that the perovskite absorption layer at this position on the perovskite photovoltaic component is too thin. If, when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic component passes through the first line light source and the second line light source, △Z is less than 0, it is determined that the perovskite absorption layer at this position on the perovskite photovoltaic component is too thick; if, when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic component passes through the first line light source, △Z < 0, and when passing through the second line light source, △Z ≥ 0, it is determined that PbI2 exists at this position; if, when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic component passes through the second line light source, △Z < 0, and when passing through the first line light source, △Z ≥ 0, it is determined that δ-FAPbI3 exists at this position.

[0135] When the perovskite component exits from the discharge port 902, it is determined that the perovskite component is abnormal and flows out of the automatic line at the blanking port; if it is determined that the perovskite component is normal, it will flow to the next process at the blanking port.

[0136] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical detection device for a perovskite absorption layer, characterized in that, It includes a detection system and an optical signal processing system; the detection system includes a conveying device, a first linear light source emitting device, a second linear light source emitting device, a first position sensor, a second position sensor, a first optical receiver and a second optical receiver; the detection system is placed in a sealed cabin; the first linear light source emitting device is used to provide a first linear light source, and the second linear light source emitting device is used to provide a second linear light source; The first optical receiver and the first linear light source emitting device are located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying device respectively, and the first optical receiver is arranged opposite to the first linear light source; the second optical receiver and the second linear light source emitting device are located on the upper and lower sides of the conveying device respectively, and the second optical receiver is arranged opposite to the second linear light source; The horizontal distance between the first linear light source and the second linear light source is greater than the length of the perovskite photovoltaic module; the first linear light source is a blue-green light source, and the second linear light source is a blue-violet light source; The first position sensor is arranged opposite to the first linear light source and on the outer side of the conveying device close to it; the second position sensor is arranged opposite to the second linear light source and on the outer side of the conveying device close to it; the first linear light source emitting device is electrically connected to the first position sensor; the second linear light source emitting device is electrically connected to the second position sensor; The first optical receiver and the second optical receiver receive optical signals at time intervals of 0.1 to 1 s, respectively obtaining a number of light intensity signals Z （x,y） , where x represents the abscissa of the position on the perovskite photovoltaic module corresponding to the light intensity signal, and y represents the ordinate of the position; The optical signal processing system makes the optical intensity signal Z （x,y） correspond one by one to the test positions on the perovskite photovoltaic module, and outputs a three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of the transmitted light intensity Z and the horizontal position; compares the three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram with a standard sample spectrum diagram, outputs a three-dimensional curve coordinate diagram of ΔZ and the horizontal position, and calculates ΔZave and σ; where ΔZ = Z - Z', Z' represents the transmitted light intensity corresponding to the standard sample spectrum diagram; ΔZave is the average value of all ΔZ; σ represents the standard deviation of all ΔZ, ; If, when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the first linear light source and the second linear light source, △Z is greater than 0, it is determined that the titanium ore absorption layer at this position on the perovskite photovoltaic module is too thin; If, when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the first linear light source and the second linear light source, △Z is less than 0, it is determined that the titanium ore absorption layer at this position on the perovskite photovoltaic module is too thick; If, when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the first linear light source, △Z < 0, and when passing through the second linear light source, △Z ≥ 0, it is determined that PbI2 exists at this position; If, when a certain position on the perovskite photovoltaic module passes through the second linear light source, △Z < 0, and when passing through the first linear light source, △Z ≥ 0, it is determined that δ-FAPbI3 exists at this position; 2. The optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer according to claim 1, wherein It includes at least one of the following features (1) to (5): (1) The conveying device includes two conveyor belts arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane; the two conveyor belts are respectively used to support the two ends of the perovskite photovoltaic module along its width direction; the projections of the first linear light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts are located respectively intersect with the two conveyor belts; the projections of the second linear light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts are located respectively intersect with the two conveyor belts; (2) The projections of the first linear light source or the second linear light source on the plane where the upper surfaces of the two conveyor belts are located respectively are perpendicular to any one of the conveyor belts; (3) The lengths of the first linear light source and the second linear light source are respectively greater than the width of the perovskite photovoltaic module; (4)The first linear light source emitting device includes a first light emitting device and a first baffle; the first baffle is located directly below or directly above the first light emitting device; (5)The second linear light source emitting device includes a second light emitting device and a second baffle; the second baffle is located directly below or directly above the second light emitting device.

3. The optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer according to claim 1, wherein, Comprising at least one of the following features (1) to (2): (1)The wavelength of the blue-green light source is 480 - 520 nm; (2)The wavelength of the blue-violet light source is 420 - 460 nm.

4. The optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer according to claim 1, wherein Comprising at least one of the following features (1) to (2): (1)The detection system further includes a gantry, the gantry includes a first cross beam, a second cross beam, two first side brackets, two second side brackets, and two bottom brackets; both ends of the first cross beam are vertically connected to the two first side brackets in the same direction, both ends of the second cross beam are vertically connected to the two second side brackets in the same direction, and one of the bottom brackets is connected between the first side bracket and the second side bracket on the same side; the two first side brackets, the two second side brackets, and the two bottom brackets are all located outside the conveying device; The first cross beam and the second cross beam are respectively located above the conveying device; the first cross beam is connected to the first linear light source emitting device or the first light receiver; The second cross beam is connected to the second linear light source emitting device or the second light receiver; (2)A black anti-reflection layer is respectively provided on the surface of the gantry.

5. The optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer according to claim 2, characterized in that Comprising at least one of the following features (1) to (3): (1)The width of the perovskite photovoltaic module on each conveyor belt is 5 - 20 mm respectively; (2)Along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the sealed chamber; (3)A black anti-reflection layer is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber.

6. A method for optically detecting a perovskite absorption layer by using an optical detection device for the perovskite absorption layer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Including the following steps: The perovskite photovoltaic module moves along with the conveying device, first passes through the first position sensor, and then passes through the second position sensor; or, first passes through the second position sensor, and then passes through the first position sensor; when the front end of the perovskite photovoltaic module reaches the first position sensor, the first linear light source emitting device opens the first baffle to form a first linear light source and irradiates the perovskite photovoltaic module, the first light receiver receives the optical signal of the first linear light source, and transmits it to the optical signal processing system for processing; when the perovskite photovoltaic module leaves the first position sensor, the first linear light source emitting device closes the first baffle, and the first light receiver stops collecting the optical signal of the first linear light source; When the perovskite photovoltaic module moves to the second position sensor, the second linear light source emitting device opens the second baffle to form a second linear light source and irradiates the perovskite photovoltaic module, the second light receiver receives the optical signal of the second linear light source, and transmits it to the optical signal processing system for processing; when the perovskite photovoltaic module leaves the second position sensor, the second linear light source emitting device closes the second baffle, and the second light receiver stops collecting the optical signal of the second linear light source; After the detection is completed, the optical signal processing system determines whether the perovskite photovoltaic module is qualified.

7. The method for optical detection of the titanium ore absorption layer according to claim 6, characterized in that, It includes at least one of the following features (1) to (2): (1) During the processes of the first line light source irradiation and the second line light source respectively irradiating the perovskite photovoltaic module, the fluctuations of the irradiance uniformity in the width direction of the perovskite photovoltaic module are both less than 2%, and the temporal uniformity is less than 1%; (2)The irradiance of the first line light source and the second line light source is 0.1~100 W / m 2 .

8. The method for optical detection of the titanium ore absorption layer according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple perovskite photovoltaic modules sequentially enter from the feed port of the sealed chamber, and after being detected, they are removed from the discharge port of the sealed chamber, and only one perovskite photovoltaic module is being detected in the optical detection device each time; during the process of the perovskite photovoltaic module being detected in the optical detection device, the feed port and the discharge port are always in a closed state.

9. The method for optical detection of the titanium ore absorption layer according to claim 6, characterized in that, Obtain Z’ave and σ’ of the standard sample spectrum, where Z’ave represents the average value of all Z’, and σ’ represents the standard deviation of all Z’. ; Judge whether the perovskite photovoltaic module passing through the first line light source and the second line light source is qualified according to the following formula: When △Z ave / Z’ ave > ±5%, it is determined that the perovskite component passing through the first line light source is abnormal; When △Z ave / Z’ aveE <±5%, σ / σ’> 110%, it is determined that the perovskite component passing through the first linear light source is abnormal; When △Z ave / Z’ ave <±5%, σ / σ’ < 110%, it is determined that the perovskite component passing through the first linear light source is normal.

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