A vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device and start-stop control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device and a start-stop control method. The vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device comprises a vehicle power system, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas container and a heat storage system, and can control three states of vehicle driving and starting the reactor, vehicle stopping and stopping the reactor, and vehicle driving and the heat pipe reactor cannot operate normally. Through the sequence of driver behavior-heat pipe reactor start-stop-vehicle start-stop, an intelligent start-stop auxiliary device and a start-stop control method combining the vehicle and the heat pipe reactor are formed; the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor provides power for the vehicle carried, and is combined with an internal combustion engine to provide double insurance for driving; the invention has the advantages of improving the mobile operation capability of the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor under potentially destructive transportation conditions or harsh operating environments, facilitating the rapid deployment of the reactor to disaster areas, remote areas, extremely cold areas, etc., so that the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor has higher safety, reliability and environmental protection, and achieves the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the energy field including nuclear energy and the vehicle engineering field, and relates to a vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device and a start-stop method, and specifically relates to a vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack or a mobile energy system. Background Art

[0002] The concept of heat pipe was first proposed by Gaugler in 1942, and invented by Grover of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in 1963. It mainly uses the phase change of the working fluid in the tube, the high latent heat of vaporization and condensation, and the capillary pumping phenomenon to transfer heat without external power. After decades of development, the concept of heat pipe has been applied to various fields, including applying heat pipe technology to the conceptual design of new reactors, or using heat pipe technology to improve the reliability of existing safety systems.

[0003] At present, the technology of large-scale nuclear power plants is relatively mature. Patent 202010002954.1 invented a start-stop system and method for reactors of large units, which can maintain the pressure under water / steam conditions and the flow change requirements during the start-up and shutdown of the reactor; Patent 201310020289.9 invented a start-stop auxiliary device for an integrated reactor, which can achieve the temperature and pressure increase of the first-circuit coolant during the reactor startup process; effectively establish the second-circuit starting pressure and starting flow, avoid the occurrence of flow instability, and effectively recover the working fluid and heat to shorten the startup time; but the above-mentioned start-stop device is only used for reactors and is not combined with vehicle start-stop. At present, the start-stop device of automobiles is also relatively mature, and many cars are equipped with a one-button start-stop function. Patent 201710849963.2 invented an automatic start-stop device for automobile engines, which greatly reduces fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, improves the economy of automobiles, and avoids emission pollution; Patent 202111653869.2 invented a control method for automatic start-stop of vehicles, which can reduce the triggering frequency of automatic start-stop, extend the service life of the engine, reduce the probability of traffic accidents, and bring better driving experience to drivers; but it is not related to reactors, especially heat pipe reactors. At present, most heat pipe reactors that can be transported by vehicles remain in the theoretical research and conceptual design stage, and the research on the mobility characteristics of vehicles combined with heat pipe start-stop has not yet been found.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary system and start-stop method that combines the vehicle's mobility characteristics, combines the vehicle with the heat pipe reactor, improves the start-stop efficiency, optimizes the working state of the heat pipe reactor, and improves the utilization efficiency of the heat pipe reactor. The device uses heat pipe technology to export the core heat. Compared with the working circuit of the traditional light water reactor, the arrangement structure is compact and the volume is small. At the same time, the heat pipe has high inherent safety, is easy to modularize, and is convenient for vehicle transportation. The heat pipe heat transfer adopts phase change heat transfer, and has high thermal efficiency. The transport vehicle carried by the heat pipe reactor complements the heat pipe reactor with the traditional automobile internal combustion engine, provides double insurance for vehicle power, implements the safety concept, improves reliability, and reduces fuel consumption at the same time, achieving the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction. Based on the above advantages, the device can be deployed in vehicle-mounted or other mobile heat pipe reactors, which is suitable for disaster areas, remote areas, extremely cold areas, etc., so that the mobile power unit has higher environmental protection, safety and reliability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a start-stop auxiliary device and a start-stop method for a vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack. The heat pipe stack is operated in combination with the vehicle on which it is carried, and the heat pipe stack and the traditional automobile internal combustion engine complement each other to provide dual protection for vehicle power. At the same time, the start-stop efficiency, safety, reliability and environmental protection of the heat pipe stack are improved, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0007] A vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device, the vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack comprises a reactor, a heat pipe and a heat exchanger, the reactor and the heat exchanger are connected through the heat pipe to extract the heat of the reactor, and the characteristic is that the vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device comprises a vehicle power system, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, a heat storage system, and sensors and heat absorption devices in the heat pipe stack; the heat exchanger has a first delivery pipeline connected to the vehicle power system and a second delivery pipeline connected to the heat storage system, the reactor has a third delivery pipeline and a fourth delivery pipeline connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, and the heat pipe has a fifth delivery pipeline connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, and an intelligent start-stop auxiliary device combining the vehicle power system and the heat pipe stack is formed through the first delivery pipeline, the second delivery pipeline, the third delivery pipeline, the fourth delivery pipeline and the fifth delivery pipeline.

[0008] The first delivery pipeline is used to deliver the heat of the reactor to the vehicle power system when the reactor is operating, and the second delivery pipeline is used to export the excess heat of the reactor to the heat storage system when the reactor is operating; the third delivery pipeline and the fifth delivery pipeline are used to deliver the heat of the heat storage system and the pressure of the pressure stabilizing system to the reactor and the heat pipe through the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container when the reactor is started to achieve the first set temperature and the first set pressure for startup; the fourth delivery pipeline is used to deliver the high-temperature and high-pressure gas of the reactor to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container when the reactor is shut down, so that the reactor is maintained at a second set temperature and a second set pressure suitable for shutdown.

[0009] The entire vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention only relies on a heat pipe assembly with very small gaps to export the core heat to the power system and the heat storage system. The control system of the start-stop auxiliary device controls three states including vehicle driving and stack operation, vehicle stopping and stack stopping, and vehicle driving and the heat pipe stack cannot operate normally. It is a start-stop method that operates in sequence through the driver's start-stop behavior-heat pipe stack start-stop-vehicle start-stop. The control system relies on the vehicle network and the self-organizing incremental learning neural network and the situational memory Markov decision process to perform data interactive control, forming an intelligent start-stop control combining the vehicle power system and the heat pipe stack, thereby realizing the intelligence of the start-stop auxiliary device.

[0010] A heat absorbing device is provided on the heat pipe. If the heat pipe operates at an excessively high temperature and the steam channel is too narrow, the speed of the steam in the channel may be close to the speed of sound. In such a case, the heat that can be carried by the fluid flow reaches a limit, that is, the speed of sound limit of the heat pipe. At this time, even if the cooling rate of the condensation section is changed, the heat that can be transferred by the heat pipe will not increase; therefore, the heat absorbing device is used to export the heat of the heat pipe to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container when the steam flow rate at the outlet of the evaporation section of the heat pipe is close to the speed of sound.

[0011] The heat absorbing device is a wraparound heat absorbing wire; the outer ring of the wraparound heat absorbing wire is insulated, and the inner ring of the wraparound heat absorbing wire exchanges heat with the evaporation section of the heat pipe. When the heat of the evaporation section of the heat pipe is too high and the intelligent sensor at the outlet of the evaporation section of the heat pipe detects that the steam flow rate is close to the sonic limit, the valve of the heat transfer pipe between the heat absorbing wire and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container is opened to introduce the heat in the heat absorbing wire into the container, and then store the heat in the heat storage system.

[0012] The intelligent sensor includes a data acquisition unit, a processing unit and a control unit; the data acquisition unit is a speed sensor for obtaining the steam speed of the heat pipe; the processing unit is used to analyze whether the speed is close to the speed of sound, and if it is close, a signal is given to the control unit to open the heat transfer pipe valve, otherwise it is not opened; the control unit is used to control the opening and closing of the heat transfer pipe valve according to the processing result of the processing unit, absorb the heat of the steam, and prevent the steam in the heat pipe channel from approaching the speed of sound limit.

[0013] The heat storage system is connected to the parking ventilation system, the automatic slide rail system, the driving recorder and the vehicle air-conditioning system to provide power to the parking ventilation system, the automatic slide rail system, the driving recorder and the vehicle air-conditioning system; the voltage stabilizing system is connected to the air-conditioning system to provide compression drive to the air-conditioning system.

[0014] The automatic slide rail system is arranged at the bottom of the heat pipe stack and is powered by the heat storage system; the automatic slide rail system includes a slide rail with rollers or tires and an operable slide rail bracket; earthquake-resistant cork is arranged on the periphery of the entire heat pipe stack, and the core and other key equipment are installed in armor made of boron carbide, lead, steel or lead steel to protect personnel and equipment from core radiation and reduce impact and damage during movement.

[0015] The vehicle power system is connected to the driving recorder and the vehicle air conditioning system, and is used to provide power to the driving recorder and the vehicle air conditioning system.

[0016] The heat in the heat exchanger is exported to the vehicle power system through the Brayton cycle of supercritical CO2 to drive the vehicle to operate.

[0017] A vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop control method, characterized in that:

[0018] When the vehicle is in motion and the reactor is in the startup state, the driving recorder, alarm system, air conditioning system, high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, heat storage system and pressure stabilization system are put into operation; the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container provides heat and pressure to the reactor and the evaporation section of the heat pipe, so that the reactor and the heat pipe are maintained at a first set temperature and a first set pressure suitable for startup;

[0019] When the vehicle stops and the reactor is shut down, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container will remove the heat and pressure of the reactor, so that the reactor is maintained at the second set temperature and second set pressure suitable for shutdown; the heat storage system provides energy to support the operation of the driving recorder, alarm system, air conditioning system, parking ventilation system and automatic slide rail system, and the voltage stabilization system can also provide compression drive for the air conditioning system;

[0020] The internal combustion engine provides power when the vehicle is moving and the heat pipe stack is not functioning properly.

[0021] The start and stop of the heat pipe reactor is controlled by the trigger time, so that after the driver steps on the brake pedal and shifts into neutral, the start and stop function is started after the parking time reaches the trigger time; the trigger time of the automatic start and stop of the reactor is determined based on the monitored road condition information, which includes vehicle spacing, traffic density, traffic lights, and road conditions; for example: when the red light countdown of the traffic light is t≤10s and the traffic density is K≤20 vehicles / km, the trigger time is increased to postpone the start of the automatic start and stop; when the red light countdown of the traffic light is t>10s and the traffic density is K>20 vehicles / km, the automatic start and stop needs to be started in time to reduce the trigger time and start the automatic start and stop in time.

[0022] The intelligent control system can combine the self-organizing incremental learning neural network and the situational memory Markov decision process algorithm, so that the trigger time generated by the intelligent control system is determined by the prediction model trained in the intelligent control system; the input of the prediction model is the road condition information monitored by the Internet of Vehicles, and the output of the prediction model is the trigger time.

[0023] The training method of the prediction model is: construct a data set consisting of road condition information and trigger time, and divide the data set into a training set and a test set; train the model according to the training set data; during training, by repeatedly calculating and correcting the connection weights, after the error reaches the preset accuracy, complete the self-organizing incremental learning neural network and situational memory Markov decision process learning of different road condition information; use the test set to test the trained model. And memorize them in the intelligent control system respectively, so that when encountering similar reactor conditions, similar road conditions or the same navigation route in the future, the trigger time can be adjusted faster. In order to realize the data interaction optimization control process.

[0024] During vehicle driving, when the heat pipe stack fails to work normally, the vehicle's internal combustion engine quickly starts working to ensure the normal driving of the vehicle, while collecting the exhaust waste heat generated by the internal combustion engine to assist in the rapid start-up of the heat pipe stack.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention, when the vehicle is running and the stack is in operation, the driving recorder, alarm, air conditioning system and heat storage system are put into operation. When the vehicle is stopped and the stack is stopped, the heat storage system can still provide heat to support the driving recorder, alarm, air conditioning system, parking ventilation system and automatic slide rail system. When the vehicle is running and the heat pipe stack cannot operate normally, the internal combustion engine provides power.

[0027] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention, the traditional automobile internal combustion engine equipped on the transport vehicle carrying the heat pipe stack and the heat pipe stack complement each other to provide double insurance for vehicle power. During the driving of the vehicle, when the heat pipe stack cannot work normally, the automobile internal combustion engine quickly starts to work to ensure the normal driving of the vehicle, and at the same time collects the exhaust waste heat generated by the internal combustion engine to assist the rapid start of the heat pipe stack, implements the safety concept, improves reliability, and reduces fuel consumption, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

[0028] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention can stop the heat pipe reactor synchronously when the vehicle stops. At this time, the auxiliary systems in the vehicle can still be supplied with energy by the heat storage system to work normally, including the sentinel mode driving recorder, alarm, air conditioning system, parking ventilation system, etc. When the heat pipe reactor is started, the heat storage system provides heat to the core and the evaporation section of the heat pipe, so that the core and the heat pipe are maintained at a temperature and pressure suitable for starting, improving the start-up efficiency and shortening the start-up time. When the heat pipe reactor is stopped, the heat storage system begins to absorb the heat of the core, so that the reactor is quickly maintained at a temperature and pressure suitable for stopping.

[0029] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention requires stricter management due to the particularity of the nuclear fuel in the heat pipe reactor. Therefore, when the vehicle is stopped, a sentinel mode driving recorder is set and an alarm system is installed to monitor the safety of the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor around the clock.

[0030] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention provides heat to the reactor core and the evaporation section of the heat pipe when the heat pipe reactor is started, so that the reactor core and the heat pipe are maintained at a temperature and pressure suitable for starting, thereby improving the start-up efficiency and shortening the start-up time.

[0031] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention is that when the heat pipe reactor is shut down, the heat storage system starts to absorb the heat of the reactor core, so that the reactor is quickly maintained at a temperature and pressure suitable for shutdown.

[0032] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention comprises an intelligent sensor including a data acquisition unit, a processing unit and a control unit; the data acquisition unit is a speed sensor for obtaining the steam speed of the heat pipe; the processing unit is used to analyze whether the speed is close to the speed of sound, and if so, a signal is given to the control unit to open the heat transfer pipe valve, otherwise it is not opened; the control unit is used to control the opening and closing of the heat transfer pipe valve according to the processing result of the processing unit, so as to absorb the heat of the steam and prevent the steam in the heat pipe channel from approaching the speed of sound limit.

[0033] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention has an automatic slide rail system arranged at the bottom of the heat pipe stack, which is powered by a heat storage system and includes a slide rail of rollers or tires and an operable slide rail bracket, so as to facilitate loading and unloading of the heat pipe stack. Anti-seismic cork is arranged on the periphery of the entire heat pipe stack, and the core and other key equipment are installed in armor made of boron carbide, lead, steel or lead steel, so as to protect personnel and equipment from core radiation and reduce impact and damage during movement.

[0034] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention connects the heat pipe stack to an external power system after the vehicle arrives at a designated location, and the vehicle driving power system no longer works.

[0035] The vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention comprises a vehicle power system connected to the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, a heat storage system and a voltage stabilizing system, and can control the efficient operation of three states: the vehicle is driving and the reactor is started, the vehicle is stopped and the reactor is stopped, and the vehicle is driving and the heat pipe reactor cannot operate normally. Through the sequence of driver behavior-heat pipe reactor start-stop-vehicle start-stop, a high-efficiency and intelligent start-stop auxiliary device and start-stop method combining the vehicle power system and the heat pipe reactor are formed. The present invention has the advantages of improving the mobile operation capability of the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor under potentially destructive transportation conditions or harsh operating environments, and is convenient for quickly deploying the reactor to areas where logistics needs to be paid attention to, such as disaster areas, remote areas, extremely cold areas, etc., so that the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor has higher safety, reliability and environmental protection, and achieves the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device;

[0037] Figure 2 The vehicle is in driving and the reactor is in operation;

[0038] Figure 3 The vehicle is stopped and the stack is stopped;

[0039] Figure 4 The vehicle is running and the heat pipe stack cannot operate normally;

[0040] Figure 5 Vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop control method;

[0041] Figure 6 Vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack;

[0042] Figure 7 Working principle of heat pipe;

[0043] In the figure: 1. Reactor; 2. Heat absorption device; 3. Heat pipe; 4. Heat exchanger; 5. Evaporation section; 6. Liquid absorption core; 7. Insulation section; 8. Gas working fluid; 9. Liquid working fluid; 10. Condensation section; 11. Automatic slide rail system; 12. Earthquake-resistant cork; 13. Intelligent sensor; 14. Temperature pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] This embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device, the structure of which is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes a reactor 1, a heat pipe 3 and a heat exchanger 4. The reactor 1 and the heat exchanger 4 are connected through the heat pipe 3 to extract the heat of the reactor 1. The vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device includes a vehicle power system, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, a pressure stabilization system and a heat storage system; the heat exchanger 4 has a first delivery pipeline connected to the vehicle power system and a second delivery pipeline connected to the heat storage system. The first delivery pipeline is used to deliver the heat of the reactor 1 to the vehicle power system when the reactor is running, and the second delivery pipeline is used to extract the excess heat of the reactor 1 to the heat storage system when the reactor is running; the The reactor has a third delivery pipeline and a fourth delivery pipeline connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, and the heat pipe 3 has a fifth delivery pipeline connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container. The third delivery pipeline and the fifth delivery pipeline are used to deliver the heat of the heat storage system and the pressure of the pressure stabilizing system to the reactor 1 and the heat pipe 3 through the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container when the reactor is started up to achieve the first set temperature and the first set pressure for starting up; the fourth delivery pipeline is used to deliver the high-temperature and high-pressure gas of the reactor 1 to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container when the reactor is shut down, so that the reactor is maintained at a second set temperature and a second set pressure suitable for shutdown.

[0046] In one embodiment, the temperature and pressure inside the reactor are monitored by a temperature pressure sensor 14, and the sensor 14 promptly feeds back the temperature and pressure of the core to the intelligent control system; taking the potassium heat pipe as an example, the first set temperature and the first set pressure are set to 770°C and 4MPa respectively; the second set temperature and the second set pressure are set to 63°C and 4MPa respectively.

[0047] The first set temperature and the first set pressure, the second set temperature and the second set pressure are all artificially set parameters and are not limited to the specific values ​​in the embodiment.

[0048] In one embodiment, a heat absorbing device 2 is provided on the heat pipe 3 for exporting the heat of the heat pipe 3 to the heat storage system when the steam flow rate of the heat pipe is close to the speed of sound.

[0049] In one embodiment, the heat absorbing device 2 is a wraparound heat absorbing wire; the outer ring of the wraparound heat absorbing wire is insulated, and the inner ring of the wraparound heat absorbing wire exchanges heat with the evaporation section of the heat pipe. When the heat of the evaporation section of the heat pipe is too high, and the intelligent sensor 13 at the outlet of the evaporation section of the heat pipe detects that the steam flow rate is close to the sonic limit, the heat transfer pipe valve between the heat absorbing wire and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container opens, and the heat in the heat absorbing wire is introduced into the container, and then the heat is stored in the heat storage system.

[0050] In one embodiment, the intelligent sensor 13 includes a data acquisition unit, a processing unit and a control unit; the data acquisition unit is a speed sensor for obtaining the steam speed of the heat pipe; the processing unit is used to analyze whether the steam flow rate at the outlet of the evaporation section of the heat pipe is close to the speed of sound, and if it is close, a signal is given to the control unit to turn on the heat absorption wire, otherwise the heat absorption wire is not turned on; the control unit is used to control the opening and closing of the heat absorption wire according to the processing result of the processing unit, absorb the heat of the steam, and prevent the steam in the heat pipe channel from approaching the speed of sound limit.

[0051] In one embodiment, the heat storage system is connected to the parking ventilation system, the automatic slide rail system, the driving recorder and the vehicle air-conditioning system to provide heat to the parking ventilation system, the automatic slide rail system, the driving recorder and the vehicle air-conditioning system; the voltage stabilizing system is connected to the air-conditioning system to provide compression drive to the air-conditioning system.

[0052] In one embodiment, an automatic slide system is arranged at the bottom of the heat pipe stack and is powered by a heat storage system; the automatic slide system includes a slide with rollers or tires and an operable slide bracket; earthquake-resistant cork is arranged around the periphery of the entire heat pipe stack, and the core and other key equipment are installed in armor made of boron carbide, lead, steel or lead steel to protect personnel and equipment from core radiation and reduce impact and damage during movement.

[0053] In one embodiment, the vehicle power system is connected to the driving recorder and the vehicle air conditioning system to provide power to the driving recorder and the vehicle air conditioning system.

[0054] In one embodiment, the heat in the heat exchanger is exported to the vehicle power system by means of supercritical CO2 through a Brayton cycle to drive the vehicle to operate.

[0055] The overall operation process of the start-stop auxiliary device of the present invention is as follows: when the vehicle is driving and the reactor 1 is running, the core heat is taken away to the heat exchanger 4 through the heat pipe 3, and energy conversion is performed in the heat exchanger 4 or heat is directly provided to the vehicle driving system and the heat storage system; when the vehicle stops, the reactor 1 is shut down, and the heat storage system and the voltage stabilization system output energy to the outside to maintain the operation of the vehicle auxiliary system.

[0056] Based on the above overall operation process:

[0057] When the vehicle is started and the reactor is running, Figure 2 As shown. First, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container provides energy for the reactor 1 and the heat pipe 3, so that they reach the temperature and pressure state suitable for starting the reactor in advance, shortening the start-up time; after starting operation, the heat exchanger 4 provides power to the vehicle driving system, and exports part of the heat to the heat storage system. At the same time, the vehicle driving system maintains the operation of the driving recorder and the air conditioning system. The outer ring surrounding the heat absorbing wire is insulated and only absorbs the heat of the heat pipe. When the heat is too high, the intelligent sensor 13 predicts that the steam flow rate reaches the sonic limit, the heat transfer pipe valve opens, and the heat absorbing wire continues to absorb heat and stores it in the heat system, ensuring the high-efficiency heat exchange of the heat pipe.

[0058] When the vehicle is shut down and the reactor is shut down, Figure 3 First, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure gas of the reactor 1, so that the reactor is maintained at a temperature and pressure suitable for shutdown, and the reactor is shut down quickly. At the same time, the heat storage system provides power to the sentinel mode driving recorder, alarm, air conditioning compressor, parking ventilation system and automatic slide rail system for loading and unloading heat pipe stacks; the voltage stabilization system provides compression drive for the air conditioning compressor.

[0059] When the vehicle is running but the heat pipe stack cannot operate normally, such as Figure 4 The automobile internal combustion engine replaces the heat pipe stack to provide driving power for the power system. At the same time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container and the exhaust gas waste heat collection device input energy to the core to assist the rapid start-up of the heat pipe stack.

[0060] The start and stop control method of the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor is as follows Figure 5 First, the road condition information is obtained based on the Internet of Vehicles technology, and then the trigger time of the reactor automatic start and stop is adjusted in real time according to the distance between vehicles, traffic density, traffic lights, and road conditions through the intelligent control system. After the driver steps on the brake pedal and shifts into neutral, the start and stop of the heat pipe reactor is controlled based on the trigger time, thereby linking the start and stop of the vehicle power system.

[0061] Vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack Figure 6 The anti-vibration cork 12 wrapped around the heat pipe stack ensures the reliable operation of the heat pipe stack during movement, and the automatic slide rail system 11 is located at the bottom of the heat pipe stack to facilitate loading and unloading of the heat pipe stack.

[0062] The working principle of heat pipe is as follows Figure 7 As shown. It shows the working state of the heat pipe when starting the reactor. The heat is transferred to the condensation section 10 in the heat exchanger through the evaporation section 5. The liquid in the tube core evaporates and takes away the heat. The heat is the evaporation latent heat of the working liquid. The gaseous working medium 8 flows from the adiabatic section 7 to the condensation section 10 of the heat pipe in the heat exchanger, condenses into liquid working medium 9, and releases latent heat to the heat exchanger for normal core operation. Under the action of the capillary force of the liquid wick 6, the liquid flows back to the evaporation section.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor start-stop auxiliary device, the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor comprising a reactor, a heat pipe and a heat exchanger, the reactor and the heat exchanger are connected through the heat pipe to extract the heat of the reactor, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device includes a vehicle power system, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, a heat storage system, and sensors and heat absorbing devices in the heat pipe stack; the heat exchanger has a first delivery pipeline connected to the vehicle power system and a second delivery pipeline connected to the heat storage system, the reactor has a third delivery pipeline and a fourth delivery pipeline connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, and the heat pipe has a fifth delivery pipeline connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container. The first delivery pipeline, the second delivery pipeline, the third delivery pipeline, the fourth delivery pipeline and the fifth delivery pipeline form an intelligent system combining the vehicle power system and the heat pipe stack. The first delivery pipeline is used to deliver the heat of the reactor to the vehicle power system when the reactor is running, and the second delivery pipeline is used to export the excess heat of the reactor to the heat storage system when the reactor is running; the third delivery pipeline and the fifth delivery pipeline are used to deliver the heat of the heat storage system and the pressure of the pressure stabilizing system to the reactor and the heat pipe through the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container when the reactor is started to achieve the first set temperature and the first set pressure for starting the reactor; the fourth delivery pipeline is used to deliver the high-temperature and high-pressure gas of the reactor to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container when the reactor is shut down, so that the reactor is maintained at a second set temperature and a second set pressure suitable for shutting down; The heat storage system is connected to the parking ventilation system, the automatic slide rail system, the driving recorder and the vehicle air-conditioning system, and is used to provide power to the parking ventilation system, the automatic slide rail system, the driving recorder and the vehicle air-conditioning system; at the same time, the voltage stabilizing system can also provide compression drive for the vehicle air-conditioning system.

2. The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat absorbing device is arranged on the heat pipe, which is used to export the heat of the heat pipe to the heat storage system when the steam flow velocity of the heat pipe is close to the speed of sound.

3. The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat absorption device is a surrounding heat absorption wire; the outer ring of the surrounding heat absorption wire is insulated, and the inner ring of the surrounding heat absorption wire exchanges heat with the evaporation section of the heat pipe. When the intelligent sensor at the outlet of the evaporation section of the heat pipe detects that the steam flow rate is close to the sonic limit, the heat transfer pipe valve between the surrounding heat absorption wire and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container opens, and the heat in the surrounding heat absorption wire is introduced into the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, and then the heat is stored in the heat storage system.

4. The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intelligent sensor includes a data acquisition unit, a processing unit and a control unit; the data acquisition unit is a speed sensor for obtaining the steam speed of the heat pipe; the processing unit is used to analyze whether the speed is close to the speed of sound, and if it is close, a signal is given to the control unit to turn on the surrounding heat absorption wire, otherwise the heat absorption wire is not turned on; the control unit is used to control the opening and closing of the surrounding heat absorption wire according to the processing result of the processing unit, absorb the heat of the steam, and prevent the steam in the heat pipe channel from approaching the speed of sound limit.

5. The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic slide rail system is arranged at the bottom of the heat pipe stack and is powered by the heat storage system; the automatic slide rail system includes a slide rail with rollers or tires and an operable slide rail bracket; earthquake-resistant cork is arranged on the periphery of the entire heat pipe stack, and the core and other key equipment are installed in radiation-proof and impact-resistant armor to protect personnel and equipment from core radiation and reduce impact and damage during movement.

6. The vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat in the heat exchanger is exported to the vehicle power system through the Brayton cycle of supercritical CO2 to drive the vehicle to operate.

7. A start-stop control method for a vehicle-mounted heat pipe stack start-stop auxiliary device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: When the vehicle is in motion and the reactor is in operation, the driving recorder, alarm system, vehicle air conditioning system, high-temperature and high-pressure gas container, heat storage system and pressure stabilizing system are put into operation; the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container provides heat and pressure to the reactor and the evaporation section of the heat pipe, so that the reactor and the heat pipe are maintained at a first set temperature and a first set pressure suitable for startup; when the vehicle is stopped and the reactor is stopped, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas container conducts the heat and pressure of the reactor, so that the reactor is maintained at a second set temperature and a second set pressure suitable for shutdown; the heat storage system provides energy to support the driving recorder, alarm system, vehicle air conditioning system, parking ventilation system and automatic slide rail system, and the pressure stabilizing system can provide compression drive for the vehicle air conditioning system; The internal combustion engine provides power when the vehicle is moving and the heat pipe stack is not functioning properly.

8. The start-stop control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The start and stop of the heat pipe reactor is controlled by the trigger time generated by the intelligent control system, so that after the driver steps on the brake pedal and shifts into neutral, the start and stop function is activated after the parking time reaches the trigger time; the trigger time for the automatic start and stop of the reactor is determined based on the monitored road condition information, which includes vehicle spacing, traffic density, traffic lights, and road conditions.

9. The start-stop control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the traffic light turns red , Traffic density When the traffic light turns red, increase the trigger time to delay the start of automatic start-stop; when the traffic light turns red, , Traffic density When the vehicle is in a state of emergency, it is necessary to start the automatic start-stop in time to reduce the triggering time and start the automatic start-stop in time.

10. The start-stop control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: A prediction model based on a self-organizing incremental learning neural network and a situational memory Markov decision process is constructed and trained in the intelligent control system. The trigger time generated by the intelligent control system is determined by the trained prediction model. The input of the prediction model is the road condition information monitored by the Internet of Vehicles, and the output of the prediction model is the trigger time.

11. The start-stop control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The training method of the prediction model is: constructing a data set consisting of road condition information and trigger time, dividing the data set into a training set and a test set; training the model according to the training set data; during training, by repeatedly calculating and correcting the connection weights, after the error reaches the preset accuracy, completing the self-organizing incremental learning neural network and situational memory Markov decision process learning of different road condition information; Use the test set to test the trained model and implement data interaction optimization control.

12. The start-stop control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: During vehicle driving, when the heat pipe stack fails to work normally, the vehicle's internal combustion engine quickly starts working to ensure the normal driving of the vehicle, while collecting the exhaust waste heat generated by the internal combustion engine to assist in the rapid start-up of the heat pipe stack.

13. The start-stop control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the vehicle stops, the heat pipe reactor will also stop at the same time. At this time, the auxiliary systems in the vehicle can still be supplied with energy by the heat storage system to work normally. Due to the special nature of nuclear fuel, a sentinel mode driving recorder and alarm are set when the vehicle stops to monitor the safety of the vehicle-mounted heat pipe reactor around the clock.

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