A device and method for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM tunnel shotcrete construction tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a scraping device for the surface of tunnel gunite spraying during TBM construction. The device comprises a frame mounted on a TBM gunite bridge between two gunite spraying devices, the frame being equipped with a scraping mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a forward and backward movement mechanism. The scraping mechanism comprises a mobile platform, a scraping arm, a scraping plate, and an adjustment cylinder. The rotating mechanism comprises a suspension fixedly connected to the bottom of the mobile platform, with gears disposed at each end of the suspension, each meshing with a corresponding tooth track. The forward and backward movement mechanism comprises a support frame symmetrically disposed on the inner side of the frame, the front end of the support frame being rotatably provided with sliding wheels, which drive the frame forward and backward along the main beam of the gunite bridge via a telescopic cylinder. The present invention solves the problems of uneven concrete thickness and uneven surface produced during conventional TBM tunnel gunite spraying, resulting in the need for manual secondary chiseling during subsequent secondary lining construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of TBM construction, and in particular to a device and a method for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM-constructed tunnel shotcrete. Background Art

[0002] After TBM excavation is completed, the tunnel needs to be promptly supported in the form of steel arch frame + steel mesh + shotcrete according to the geological conditions. When shotcrete construction is carried out on the tunnel where the steel arch frame and steel mesh have been completed, uneven concrete spraying thickness and uneven surface are often seen due to factors such as shotcrete quality and manual operation proficiency. During the later secondary lining construction positioning measurement, it is often found that the tunnel has different layers of shotcrete with excessive or insufficient thickness. In order to meet the concrete thickness requirements of the secondary lining construction, the excessively thick parts of the shotcrete (i.e., the under-excavated parts) need to be manually chiseled out with a jackhammer in advance. However, the insufficient parts of the shotcrete lead to excessive concrete consumption in the secondary lining construction. In order to completely solve this problem, avoid secondary treatment of the shotcrete surface before the tunnel secondary lining construction, and ensure the quality and efficiency of the secondary lining construction, the present invention designs a slag scraping device and a slag scraping method for the shotcrete surface of a TBM construction tunnel, which effectively improves the quality of the concrete spraying surface. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a device and method for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM tunnel shotcrete construction, so as to solve the problems of uneven concrete spraying thickness and uneven surface generated during the existing TBM tunnel concrete spraying construction process, which result in the need for manual secondary chiseling treatment during the subsequent secondary lining construction.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A scraping device for the surface of a TBM-constructed tunnel shotcrete is designed. The device comprises a frame, which is arranged on a TBM shotcrete bridge between two shotcrete equipments. The frame is provided with a scraping mechanism, a rotating movement mechanism, and a forward and backward movement mechanism.

[0006] The scraping mechanism includes a mobile platform, a scraping arm and an adjusting cylinder arranged on the top of the mobile platform. The bottom end of the scraping arm is hinged to the mobile platform, and a scraping plate is installed on the top of the scraping arm. The bottom end of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the mobile platform, and the other end is hinged to the scraping arm. A set of rotating moving mechanisms is provided on both sides of the bottom of the mobile platform.

[0007] The frame is arc-shaped, and two sets of arc-shaped tooth paths are arranged along the outer side of the frame. Arc-shaped baffles are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two tooth paths, and guide plates are arranged on the inner sides of the baffles.

[0008] The rotating movement mechanism includes a suspension fixedly connected to the bottom of the mobile platform, gears are respectively provided at both ends of the suspension, and a driving component for driving the gears on both sides to rotate is provided in the suspension, and the gears on both sides of the suspension are respectively meshed with corresponding tooth paths; mounting plates are respectively provided at positions outside each gear on both sides of the mobile platform, and two anti-deviation wheels and two running wheels are rotatably provided on the mounting plates, the two anti-deviation wheels are vertically arranged side by side and clamped on the upper and lower sides of the guide plate; the two running wheels are horizontally arranged side by side, connected to the mounting plate by a rotating shaft, and rotate and travel against the baffle;

[0009] The forward and backward moving mechanism includes a support frame symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the frame, a sliding wheel is rotatably arranged at the front end of the support frame, and a slide groove is respectively provided on both sides of the main beam of the shotcrete bridge, and the sliding wheel is rotatably installed in the slide groove; the support frames on both sides are connected to the main beam of the shotcrete bridge through a telescopic oil cylinder, one end of the telescopic oil cylinder is hinged on the main beam of the shotcrete bridge, and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the support frame, and the frame is driven to move forward and backward along the main beam of the shotcrete bridge through the telescopic oil cylinder.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the telescopic oil cylinder in the forward and backward moving mechanism can push the frame to move forward and backward along the shotcrete bridge to perform scraping treatment on different positions of the shotcrete surface; the rotating moving mechanism can drive the mobile platform to move along the arc direction of the frame, and the height of the scraper can be adjusted by adjusting the oil cylinder to achieve scraping and leveling treatment of the shotcrete surface.

[0011] The scraping device in the present invention is arranged on the TBM shotcrete bridge, located between the two shotcrete equipment. The scraping plate can promptly scrape and level the uneven concrete thickness and uneven surface generated during the concrete shotcrete construction process, effectively improving the surface quality of the concrete shotcrete and avoiding unnecessary costs caused by secondary treatment of the shotcrete surface before the tunnel secondary lining construction. At the same time, the device is used in conjunction with the TBM shotcrete equipment, and can carry out shotcrete construction and surface treatment after shotcrete during normal TBM excavation.

[0012] Preferably, a downwardly opening limiting groove is provided below the slide groove, and a limiting wheel is provided below the sliding wheel on the support frame, and the limiting wheel is rotatably installed in the limiting groove.

[0013] Preferably, at least two sliding wheels and at least one limiting wheel are provided at the front ends of the support frames on both sides.

[0014] Preferably, two scraping arms are provided in parallel, the two ends of the scraping plate are fixedly connected to the top ends of the two scraping arms respectively, and each scraping arm is correspondingly connected to an adjusting oil cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the scraper plate is a double-sided wedge-shaped structure.

[0016] Preferably, the driving component is a dual-shaft hydraulic motor or a dual-shaft electric motor, the output shafts at both ends of which are respectively connected to corresponding gears for driving the gears to rotate.

[0017] The present invention also relates to a method for scraping slag from the surface of a tunnel shotcrete during TBM construction, which uses the above-mentioned scraping device and comprises the following steps:

[0018] (1) The first rough spraying of concrete is carried out on the tunnel where the steel arch and steel mesh have been completed by using the TBM equipped spraying equipment with a large flow rate and fast spraying method;

[0019] (2) The tunnel after the first rough shotcrete operation is scraped and leveled by a scraping device from back to front and from top to bottom;

[0020] During the scraping process, the telescopic oil cylinder drives the frame to move forward and backward to scrape the slag on the shotcrete surface at different positions. The angle of the scraper is adjusted by adjusting the oil cylinder. The rotating moving mechanism drives the structure platform to move, so that the scraper can scrape and level the shotcrete surface.

[0021] (3) After scraping, the wet spraying operator uses the TBM-equipped spraying equipment to perform the second fine spraying operation using a small flow rate and uniform speed spraying method.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. By using a scraping device, the uneven thickness and uneven surface of the concrete spraying produced during the concrete spraying construction process are promptly scraped and leveled, avoiding the unnecessary cost of using manual jackhammers for secondary treatment of the shotcrete surface before the secondary lining construction of the tunnel.

[0024] 2. By adopting the operation method of coarse spraying + scraping + fine spraying, the surface flatness of the concrete after spraying is guaranteed, and the thickness requirements of the tunnel sprayed concrete are met, making the tunnel surface after fine spraying more flat and beautiful.

[0025] 3. The scraping device is arranged on the TBM shotcrete bridge, located between the two shotcrete equipment, realizing the coarse shotcrete + scraping + fine shotcrete water flow operation. It can operate simultaneously during the normal TBM excavation. While adding the scraping process, it does not reduce its overall construction efficiency.

[0026] 4. The scraping device is remotely operated. During the scraping process, the operator can maintain a certain safe distance from the scraping device to avoid personal injury caused by rocks falling from the rock wall during scraping, which can effectively ensure the safety of the operators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1It is used as the installation position of the scraping device for the surface of the TBM tunnel spraying construction of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in FIG;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part B in FIG;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part C in ;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part D in FIG;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a surface scraping device for shotcreting in a TBM tunnel construction according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of part E in FIG;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of part F in ;

[0035] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gear, anti-deflection wheel and travel wheel in the G part;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the scraper at one angle;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the scraper blade adjusted to another angle.

[0038] Numbers in the figure: 1 frame, 2 shotcrete equipment, 3 shotcrete bridge, 4 mobile platform, 5 scraper arm, 6 adjusting cylinder, 7 scraper plate, 8 tooth track, 9 baffle, 10 guide plate; 11 suspension, 12 gear, 13 drive component, 14 mounting plate, 15 anti-deviation wheel, 16 walking wheel, 17 support frame, 18 sliding wheel, 19 slide, 20 telescopic cylinder, 21 limit groove, 22 limit wheel, 23 shotcrete surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the examples, but the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention in detail and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Unless otherwise specified, the equipment components involved in the following examples are all conventional equipment components.

[0040] Example 1: A scraping device for the surface of a TBM tunnel shotcrete, see Figure 1, including a frame 1, which is arranged on a TBM shotcrete bridge 3 between two shotcrete equipment 2, and a scraping mechanism, a rotating movement mechanism and a forward and backward movement mechanism are arranged on the frame 1.

[0041] The scraping mechanism includes a mobile platform 4, a scraping arm 5 and an adjusting cylinder 6 arranged on the top of the mobile platform 4. Figure 3 The bottom end of the scraper arm 5 is hinged to the mobile platform 4, and a scraper plate 7 is mounted on the top of the scraper arm 5. The bottom end of the adjustment cylinder 6 is hinged to the mobile platform 4, and the other end is hinged to the scraper arm 5. A set of rotating movement mechanisms is provided on both sides of the bottom of the mobile platform 4. In this embodiment, two scraper arms 5 are provided in parallel. The ends of the scraper plates 7 are fixedly connected to the top of the two scraper arms 5, and each scraper arm 5 is connected to a corresponding adjustment cylinder 6.

[0042] The frame 1 is arc-shaped, and two groups of arc-shaped tooth paths 8 are provided along the outer side of the frame 1 . Arc-shaped baffles 9 are respectively provided on the outer sides of the two tooth paths 8 , and guide plates 10 are provided on the inner sides of the baffles 9 .

[0043] The rotary movement mechanism includes a suspension 11 fixedly connected to the bottom of the mobile platform 4, see Figure 4 、 Figure 5 Gears 12 are provided at both ends of the suspension 11, and a driving component 13 is provided inside the suspension 11 for driving the gears 12 on both sides to rotate. The gears 12 on both sides of the suspension 11 are respectively engaged with the corresponding tooth paths 8; mounting plates 14 are provided on both sides of the mobile platform 4 at positions outside each gear 12, and two anti-deviation wheels 15 and two running wheels 16 are rotatably provided on the mounting plates 14. The two anti-deviation wheels 15 are arranged vertically side by side and clamped on the upper and lower sides of the guide plate 10; the two running wheels 16 are arranged horizontally side by side, connected to the mounting plates 14 by a rotating shaft, and abut against the baffle 9 to rotate and travel. The driving component 13 is a dual-axis hydraulic motor or a dual-axis electric motor, and the output shafts at both ends are respectively connected to the corresponding gears 12 to drive the gears 12 to rotate.

[0044] The forward and backward moving mechanism includes a support frame 17 symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the frame 1, see Figure 6 、 Figure 7 , the front end of the support frame 17 is rotatably provided with a sliding wheel 18, and a slide groove 19 is provided on both sides of the main beam of the shotcrete bridge 3, and the sliding wheel 18 is rotatably installed in the slide groove 19; the support frames 17 on both sides are connected to the main beam of the shotcrete bridge 3 through a telescopic oil cylinder 20, one end of the telescopic oil cylinder 20 is hinged on the main beam of the shotcrete bridge 3, and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the support frame 17, and the frame 1 is driven to move forward and backward along the main beam of the shotcrete bridge 3 through the telescopic oil cylinder 20, see Figure 2A downwardly opening limiting groove 21 is provided below the slide 19, and a limiting wheel 22 is provided on the support frame 17 below the sliding wheel 18. The limiting wheel 22 is rotatably mounted within the limiting groove 21. In this embodiment, the support frame is arranged along the width of the frame, and two sliding wheels and two limiting wheels are provided at the front end of each support frame on both sides. The two sliding wheels are respectively provided near the edges of the frame on both sides.

[0045] The scraping device for the surface of the TBM tunnel shotcrete construction of the present invention is arranged on the TBM shotcrete bridge, located between the 1# shotcrete equipment and the 2# shotcrete equipment. The scraping device is combined with a hydraulic control system to timely scrape and level the uneven concrete spraying thickness and uneven surface generated during the concrete shotcrete construction process. When in use, the scraping mechanism is moved to the part where the shotcrete has been completed by the forward and backward moving mechanism and the rotating moving mechanism. The scraping plate is adjusted to the required height by adjusting the telescopic function of the oil cylinder. The scraping mechanism is controlled to rotate left and right to achieve scraping and leveling of the shotcrete surface. During the process, the height of the scraping plate can be appropriately adjusted according to the scraping and leveling effect.

[0046] Among them, the scraper plate is made of two 20mm thick steel plates and is fixed to the scraper arm with 8 M12P8.8 grade high-strength bolts. It can be easily replaced in time according to the wear of the scraper plate. The end of the scraper plate is designed as a double-sided wedge structure, which can realize the scraping function during the left and right rotation process.

[0047] The scraper arm is fixed on the mobile platform with an articulated structure. The scraper plate height is adjusted by controlling the angle of the scraper arm through the extension and retraction of the adjustment cylinder connected to the scraper arm. In this embodiment, the maximum adjustable angle of the scraper arm is 60°, and the maximum adjustable scraper plate height is 420mm.

[0048] The bottom of the mobile platform adopts a hydraulic drive motor + reduction box structure to control the movement of the gears along the arc-shaped tooth path. The walking wheels and anti-deviation wheels are used to limit the moving trajectory of the mobile platform. The left and right rotation function of the entire scraper mechanism is realized through gear transmission. The maximum rotation angle range is ±270°.

[0049] The frame is installed on the slides on both sides of the main beam of the shotcrete bridge through the sliding wheels on both sides. Its forward and backward movement is controlled by the telescopic cylinder, and the maximum forward and backward movable range is 4m.

[0050] The scraping device of the present invention can be controlled by a remote control. During the scraping process, the operator can maintain a safe distance from the scraping device to avoid personal injury caused by rocks falling from the rock wall during scraping. The specific control method can be implemented by those skilled in the art using existing control systems as needed, and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] Example 2: A method for scraping slag from the surface of a tunnel shotcrete during TBM construction, using the scraping device of Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0052] (1) The first rough shotcrete operation of the tunnel with completed steel arch and steel mesh is carried out by using the No. 1 shotcrete equipment equipped with the TBM with a large flow rate and fast spraying method;

[0053] (2) The tunnel after the first rough shotcrete operation is scraped and leveled by a scraping device from back to front and from top to bottom;

[0054] During the scraping process, the telescopic oil cylinder drives the frame to move forward and backward to scrape the slag on the shotcrete surface at different positions. The angle of the scraper is adjusted by adjusting the oil cylinder. The rotating moving mechanism drives the structure platform to move, so that the scraper can scrape and level the shotcrete surface.

[0055] (3) After scraping, the wet spraying operator uses the 2# spraying equipment configured by the TBM to perform the second fine spraying operation using a small flow and uniform speed spraying method.

[0056] It is important to note that after the first coat of rough shotcrete is completed, scraping must be performed promptly to avoid prolonged stagnation, which can lead to the scraping device becoming inoperable when the concrete strength is high. During scraping, the initial adjustment of the scraper blade height prevents it from being inserted too deeply into the shotcrete surface, which can cause large areas of shotcrete to fall during the scraping process. This can be achieved by scraping the shotcrete surface repeatedly at a low depth. After scraping, the second coat of fine shotcrete is performed as the final shotcrete step. A strict, low-flow, uniform-speed spraying method is used to supplement the spraying of honeycombs created by scraping or areas not covered by the rough shotcrete due to insufficient thickness, ensuring a smooth, uneven surface.

[0057] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, the specific parameters in the above embodiments may be modified to form multiple specific embodiments, which are all within the common variation range of the present invention and will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A method for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM-constructed tunnel shotcrete, comprising a device for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM-constructed tunnel shotcrete; The TBM construction tunnel shotcrete surface scraping device includes a frame, which is arranged on the TBM shotcrete bridge between two shotcrete equipments, and is characterized in that: The frame is provided with a scraping mechanism, a rotating movement mechanism and a forward and backward movement mechanism; The scraping mechanism includes a mobile platform, a scraping arm and an adjusting cylinder arranged on the top of the mobile platform. The bottom end of the scraping arm is hinged to the mobile platform, and a scraping plate is installed on the top of the scraping arm. The bottom end of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the mobile platform, and the other end is hinged to the scraping arm. A set of rotating moving mechanisms is provided on both sides of the bottom of the mobile platform. The frame is arc-shaped, and two sets of arc-shaped tooth paths are arranged along the outer side of the frame. Arc-shaped baffles are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two tooth paths, and guide plates are arranged on the inner sides of the baffles. The rotating movement mechanism includes a suspension fixedly connected to the bottom of the mobile platform, gears are respectively provided at both ends of the suspension, and a driving component for driving the gears on both sides to rotate is provided in the suspension, and the gears on both sides of the suspension are respectively meshed with corresponding tooth paths; mounting plates are respectively provided at positions outside each gear on both sides of the mobile platform, and two anti-deviation wheels and two running wheels are rotatably provided on the mounting plates, the two anti-deviation wheels are vertically arranged side by side and clamped on the upper and lower sides of the guide plate; the two running wheels are horizontally arranged side by side, connected to the mounting plate by a rotating shaft, and rotate and travel against the baffle; The forward and backward moving mechanism includes a support frame symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the frame, a sliding wheel is rotatably provided at the front end of the support frame, and a slide groove is provided on both sides of the main beam of the shotcrete bridge, and the sliding wheel is rotatably installed in the slide groove; the support frames on both sides are connected to the main beam of the shotcrete bridge through a telescopic oil cylinder, one end of the telescopic oil cylinder is hinged on the main beam of the shotcrete bridge, and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the support frame, and the frame is driven to move forward and backward along the main beam of the shotcrete bridge through the telescopic oil cylinder; The scraping method uses the TBM tunnel shotcrete surface scraping device, including the following steps: (1) The first rough spraying of concrete is carried out on the tunnel where the steel arch and steel mesh have been completed by using the TBM equipped spraying equipment with a large flow rate and fast spraying method; (2) The tunnel after the first rough shotcrete operation is scraped and leveled by a scraping device from back to front and from top to bottom; During the scraping process, the telescopic oil cylinder drives the frame to move forward and backward to scrape the slag on the shotcrete surface at different positions. The angle of the scraper is adjusted by adjusting the oil cylinder. The rotating moving mechanism drives the structure platform to move, so that the scraper can scrape and level the shotcrete surface. (3) After scraping, the wet spraying operator uses the TBM-equipped spraying equipment to perform the second fine spraying operation using a small flow rate and uniform speed spraying method.

2. The method for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM tunnel shotcrete construction according to claim 1, wherein: A downwardly opening limiting groove is provided below the slide groove, and a limiting wheel is provided on the support frame below the sliding wheel. The limiting wheel is rotatably installed in the limiting groove.

3. The method for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM tunnel shotcrete construction according to claim 1, wherein: At least two sliding wheels and at least one limiting wheel are provided at the front ends of the support frames on both sides.

4. The method for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM tunnel shotcrete construction according to claim 1, wherein: Two scraping arms are arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the scraping plate are fixedly connected to the top ends of the two scraping arms respectively, and each scraping arm is correspondingly connected to an adjusting oil cylinder.

5. The method for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM tunnel shotcrete construction according to claim 1, wherein: The end of the scraper plate is a double-sided wedge-shaped structure.

6. The method for scraping slag from the surface of a TBM tunnel shotcrete construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component is a dual-shaft hydraulic motor or a dual-shaft electric motor, the output shafts at both ends of which are respectively connected to corresponding gears for driving the gears to rotate.

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