Dual-light-path compensation detection optical system and 5G-based gas leakage detection system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of artificial intelligence, and discloses a dual optical path compensation detection optical system and a gas leakage detection system based on 5G. In the present invention, two infrared light sources work alternately, and the infrared light is divided into reflected light and transmitted light after passing through a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror. The reflected light is incident on a spectral signal analyzer to obtain the spectral intensity of the background light, and the diffracted light generated after the transmitted light passes through a sampling grating is incident on a photodetector. The photodetector transmits the diffracted light intensity to the spectral signal analyzer. The absorption spectral intensity passing through the gas detection chamber is subjected to differential calculation in the spectral signal analyzer to obtain a differential signal. The gas leakage information is obtained by interpreting the differential signal, and the detection result is transmitted to a remote terminal server in real time through a 5G private network transmission unit. In the 5G coverage area, real-time acquisition and transmission of data to the remote terminal server can realize real-time monitoring of the gas to be measured and real-time discrimination of gas leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of artificial intelligence, and relates to a dual optical path compensation detection optical system and a gas leakage detection system based on 5G. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of natural gas, almost all industrial production uses natural gas as energy for heating, smelting, baking, etc. The use of natural gas is mostly transported in the form of pipelines, and the gas transmission volume is controlled by gas valves. Natural gas is likely to leak at the joints of natural gas pipelines and in areas such as gas valves. Therefore, doing a good job in natural gas pipeline leak detection is the key to ensuring industrial safety production. As the "neural network" of future cities, enterprises and society are increasingly paying attention to the safety and environmental protection of gas pipelines. The safety inspection of gas pipelines, especially leak detection, is becoming more and more important.

[0003] The natural gas leakage laser remote sensing detector can point the laser detector at the area to be measured, such as the reflector behind the pipeline, the ground surface, etc. During the moving scan process, after the detector receives the laser beam reflected by the leakage gas mass to measure the leakage signal on the reflection path, it converts them into audio signals that can be heard by the human ear and simultaneously displays them on the color liquid crystal large screen. The effective value and maximum value of the continuous sound decibels are displayed in different colors and values on the horizontal bar light column at the bottom of the liquid crystal screen.

[0004] Traditional gas leakage detection methods mainly rely on gas sensors for manual inspection. The detection range is small, and it is difficult to perform all-weather real-time inspection on key area parts, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs and wasting a large amount of manpower and material resources.

[0005] In addition, in actual detection, situations where pipelines or facilities are difficult to reach or even cannot be reached (such as highways, locked courtyards, pipelines under bridges, in flower beds, above rivers, external risers of high-rise buildings, inside rooms, or other difficult-to-access locations, etc.) often occur, posing potential safety hazards to gas pipeline safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the problems pointed out in the background art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0007] The present invention first provides a dual optical path compensation detection optical system, including: a first infrared light source, a second infrared light source, a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a first sampling grating, a second sampling grating, a gas detection cavity, and a spectral signal analyzer;

[0008] For intelligent gas leakage detection, let the two characteristic spectral absorption center wavelengths of the gas to be measured be λ 1 、λ 2 ;

[0009] The first infrared light source and the second infrared light source work alternately;

[0010] The central wavelength of the light emitted by the first infrared light source is λ 1 , and its propagation path is the first optical path;

[0011] A first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is arranged on the first optical path, and the light intensity transmission and reflection ratio of the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is K 1 , and the first optical path is divided into a first reflected light and a first transmitted light after passing through the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror;

[0012] The first reflected light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the spectral intensity distribution I b (λ 1 );

[0013] The first-order diffracted light generated by the first transmitted light after passing through the first sampling grating is incident on the first photodetector, and the first photodetector transmits the light intensity I p1 to the spectral signal analyzer, and the diffraction efficiency η 1 of the first sampling grating;

[0014] The light that the first transmitted light passes through the gas detection chamber after passing through the first sampling grating is the first absorption light, and the first absorption light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the first absorption spectral intensity distribution I s (λ 1 );

[0015] In the spectral signal analyzer, the I b (λ 1 ) and I p1 of the first optical path collected, I s (λ 1 ) are subjected to differential calculation to obtain the first optical path differential signal: D(λ 1 ) = I b (λ 1 ) - K 1 * I s (λ 1 ) / (1 - η 1 );

[0016] Correspondingly, the central wavelength of the light emitted by the second infrared light source is λ 2 , and its propagation path is the second optical path;

[0017] A second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is arranged on the second optical path, and the light intensity transmission and reflection ratio of the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is K 2 , and the second optical path is divided into a second reflected light and a second transmitted light after passing through the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror;

[0018] The second reflected light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the spectral intensity distribution I of the second background light b (λ 2 );

[0019] The first-order diffracted light generated by the second transmitted light passing through the second sampling grating is incident on the second photodetector, and the second photodetector transmits the light intensity I p2 to the spectral signal analyzer. The diffraction efficiency η of the second sampling grating 2 ;

[0020] The light that passes through the gas detection cavity after the transmitted light of the second transmitted light passes through the second sampling grating is the second absorption light. The second absorption light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the second absorption spectral intensity distribution I s (λ 2 );

[0021] In the spectral signal analyzer, the I b (λ 2 ) and I p2 of the second optical path collected are s (λ 2 ) are subjected to differential calculation to obtain the second optical path differential signal: D(λ 2 ) = I b (λ 2 ) - K 2 * I s (λ 2 ) / (1 - η 2 ).

[0022] In this technical solution, the first infrared light source and the second infrared light source work alternately, which can be achieved by level modulation of the infrared light source. When the level modulation of the first infrared light source is at a low level, the level modulation of the second infrared light source is at a high level. After the modulation lasts for a predetermined time, the level modulation of the first infrared light source is at a high level, and at the same time, the level modulation of the second infrared light source is at a low level. In this way, the first infrared light source and the second infrared light source work alternately to emit light according to the set frequency. By using two infrared light sources alternately, the absorption spectra of two bands can be detected simultaneously, improving the detection accuracy and reducing the false alarm rate;

[0023] Using a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror to divide the optical path into transmitted light and reflected light, and the reflected light enters the spectral signal analyzer as the background spectral signal, which can monitor the test environment and the fluctuation of the infrared light source optical power in real time;

[0024] Using a sampling grating to sample the transmitted light can monitor the working state of the infrared light source in real time and feedback the light intensity entering the gas detection cavity at this time;

[0025] Using dual optical path compensation, the background spectrum and the absorption spectrum are subjected to differential calculation to calculate the real-time differential signal D(λ1 ) and D(λ 2 ), the gas to be measured is inhaled into the gas detection chamber. Since the gas to be measured has two absorption peaks at λ 1 and λ 2 , the intensity distribution I s of the light absorption spectrum emitted from the gas detection chamber decreases, and the differential signal increases. When the value of the differential spectrum signal is greater than the preset value, it indicates that gas leakage has occurred, so it can be determined that there is a leakage in the natural gas pipeline at this place; since the environmental background signal is filtered out in the differential signal, the influence of the environmental and infrared light source optical power fluctuations can be eliminated in real time, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0026] The preferred solution is: it further includes a first band-stop filter and a second band-stop filter; the first band-stop filter is arranged at the light output port of the first infrared light source, and the second band-stop filter is arranged at the light output port of the second infrared light source. Thus, a band light source with a specific central wavelength is realized by using a common infrared light source and a band-stop filter, and the cost is significantly lower than that of an infrared laser.

[0027] The alternating working frequency of the preferred first infrared light source and the second infrared light source is set to 100 Hz to 200 Hz. At this frequency, it only takes 0.005 to 0.01 s to complete one cycle, which can meet the real-time detection requirements.

[0028] In a possible implementation manner, the first sampling grating and the second sampling grating are the same sampling grating. For example, a reflector is used to turn both the first transmitted light and the second transmitted light onto the same sampling grating. Since the wavelengths of the first optical path and the second optical path are different, their diffraction angles passing through the same sampling grating are different, so their diffracted lights can be sampled and detected respectively.

[0029] In a possible implementation manner, the gas detection chamber is provided with an air pump to pump the gas to be measured into the gas detection chamber from the gas inlet and discharge it from the gas outlet.

[0030] In a possible implementation manner, a heat-insulating layer is arranged outside the gas detection chamber, which can ensure that the temperature in the gas detection chamber is not affected by the ambient temperature, and temperature drift will cause drift of the infrared absorption spectrum.

[0031] Based on the above dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system, the present invention further proposes a gas leakage detection system based on 5G, which includes a remote terminal server, an intelligent mobile inspection system, a dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system configured on the intelligent mobile inspection system, and a 5G private network transmission unit; the remote terminal server issues position coordinates to the intelligent mobile inspection system, the intelligent mobile inspection system receives the position coordinates through the 5G private network transmission unit, conducts detection through the dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system, and sends the detection results to the remote terminal server in real time through the 5G private network transmission unit. The remote terminal server is used to send and receive the position coordinates of the intelligent mobile inspection system, and receive and store the background spectral signal, absorption spectral signal, and diffracted light signal in the spectral signal analyzer.

[0032] Within the 5G coverage area, it can meet the requirements of high - speed rate, high reliability, and low - latency transmission of data for the intelligent mobile inspection system and the dual - optical - path compensation detection system. A large amount of data is collected in real time and transmitted to the remote terminal server through the 5G private network, enabling real - time monitoring of the measured gas and real - time discrimination of gas leakage.

[0033] The intelligent mobile inspection system includes a moving part and a lidar positioning part. The intelligent mobile inspection system moves back and forth in a predetermined area for inspection at a set speed, and the lidar real - time locates the position of the intelligent mobile inspection system. The intelligent mobile inspection system conducts inspections at a predetermined speed, and the lidar real - time locates its position. Once an abnormal situation occurs in the data collected by the spectral signal analyzer, the abnormal position information can be judged in real time.

[0034] The inspection speed of the intelligent mobile inspection system is 0.1m / s - 0.2m / s. Within this speed range, the intelligent mobile inspection system can ensure that the displacement within one period of the level modulation of the infrared light source is a small amount relative to the entire pipeline, preventing missed inspection of points. Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the dual - optical - path compensation detection system in Embodiment 1;

[0036] Among them: 1a is the first optical path, 1b is the first reflected light, 1c is the first transmitted light, 1d is the first absorbed light, 2a is the second optical path, 2b is the second reflected light, 2c is the second transmitted light, and 2d is the second absorbed light.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the TTL modulation level pulses of the first infrared light source and the second infrared light source;

[0038] Among them, (a) is the TTL modulation level pulse of the first infrared light source; (b) is the TTL modulation level pulse of the second infrared light source.

[0039] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the dual - optical - path compensation detection system in Embodiment 2;

[0040] Among them: 1 is the first infrared light source, 2 is the second infrared light source, 3 is the first band - stop filter, 4 is the second band - stop filter, 5 is the first semi - transparent and semi - reflecting mirror, 6 is the second semi - transparent and semi - reflecting mirror, 7 is the first beam deflector, 8 is the second beam deflector, 9 is the third beam deflector, 10 is the sampling grating, 11 is the fourth beam deflector, 12 is the gas outlet, 13 is the first photodetector, 14 is the second photodetector, 15 is the thermal insulation layer, 16 is the gas detection chamber, 17 is the fifth beam deflector, 18 is the sixth beam deflector, 19 is the gas inlet, 20 is the spectral signal analyzer. Specific implementation mode

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the following will further describe this application in detail in combination with the attached drawings. The following terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] A dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system for intelligent gas leakage detection, including: a first infrared light source, a second infrared light source, a first semi - transparent and semi - reflecting mirror, a second semi - transparent and semi - reflecting mirror, a first sampling grating, a second sampling grating, a gas detection chamber, and a spectral signal analyzer;

[0044] The two characteristic spectral absorption center wavelengths of the gas to be measured are λ 1 and λ 2 ; Table 1 gives a list of absorption spectral wavelengths for partial gas spectral analysis. In the table, λ 1 and λ 2 are the two characteristic absorption spectral wavelengths of the gas to be measured;

[0045] The first infrared light source and the second infrared light source work alternately;

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, the center wavelength of the light emitted by the first infrared light source is λ 1 , and its propagation path is the first optical path 1a;

[0047] A first semi - transparent and semi - reflecting mirror is arranged on the first optical path. The light intensity transmission - reflection ratio of the first semi - transparent and semi - reflecting mirror is K 1 , and after the first optical path passes through the first semi - transparent and semi - reflecting mirror, it is divided into a first reflected light 1b and a first transmitted light 1c;

[0048] The first reflected light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the spectral intensity distribution I of the first background light b (λ 1 );

[0049] The first-order diffracted light generated by the first transmitted light passing through the first sampling grating is incident on the first photodetector, and the first photodetector transmits the light intensity I p1 to the spectral signal analyzer. The diffraction efficiency η of the first sampling grating 1 ;

[0050] The light after the first transmitted light passes through the first sampling grating and then passes through the gas detection chamber is the first absorption light 1d. The first absorption light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the spectral intensity distribution I of the first absorption spectrum s (λ 1 );

[0051] In the spectral signal analyzer, the I b (λ 1 ) and I p1 and I s (λ 1 ) of the first optical path collected are subjected to differential calculation to obtain the first optical path differential signal: D(λ 1 ) = I b (λ 1 ) - K 1 *I s (λ 1 ) / (1 - η 1 );

[0052] Correspondingly, the central wavelength of the light emitted by the second infrared light source is λ 2 , and its propagation path is the second optical path 2a;

[0053] A second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is provided on the second optical path. The light intensity transmission and reflection ratio of the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is K 2 . After passing through the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, the second optical path is divided into a second reflected light 2b and a second transmitted light 2c;

[0054] The second reflected light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the spectral intensity distribution I of the second background light b (λ 2 );

[0055] The first-order diffracted light generated by the second transmitted light passing through the second sampling grating is incident on the second photodetector, and the second photodetector transmits the light intensity I p2 to the spectral signal analyzer. The diffraction efficiency η of the second sampling grating 2 ;

[0056] The light of the second transmitted light passing through the gas detection chamber after passing through the second sampling grating is the second absorption light 2d. The second absorption light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the second absorption spectrum intensity distribution I s (λ 2 );

[0057] In the spectral signal analyzer, the I b (λ 2 ) of the second optical path collected, I p2 , I s (λ 2 ) are subjected to differential calculation to obtain the second optical path differential signal: D(λ 2 ) = I b (λ 2 ) - K 2 * I s (λ 2 ) / (1 - η 2 ).

[0058] The usage method of the double optical path compensation detection optical system includes the following steps;

[0059] (1). System initialization,

[0060] Calibrate the light intensity transmission and reflection ratio K 1 of the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror. Let the first infrared light source work, and use the first photodetector to measure the light intensity I 11 of the transmitted light and the light intensity I 12 of the reflected light respectively. The proportional coefficient of transmission and reflection is K 1 = I 11 / I 12 ;

[0061] Calibrate the light intensity transmission and reflection ratio K 2 of the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror. Let the second infrared light source work, and use the second photodetector to measure the light intensity I 21 of the transmitted light and the light intensity I 22 of the reflected light respectively. The proportional coefficient of transmission and reflection is K 2 = I 21 / I 22 ;

[0062] (2) Calibration of the diffraction efficiency of the sampling grating,

[0063] Let the first infrared light source work. After the light on the first optical path passes through the first sampling grating, use the first photodetector to measure the light intensity I t1 of the first transmitted light and the light intensity I d1 of the diffracted light respectively. Then the diffraction efficiency η 1 of the first sampling grating at λ 1 = I d1 / (I d1 +I t1 );

[0064] Let the second infrared light source work. After the light on the second optical path passes through the second sampling grating, the second photodetector measures the light intensity I t2 of the transmitted light and the light intensity I d2 of the diffracted light respectively. Then the diffraction efficiency η 2 of the second sampling grating at λ 2 =I d2 / (I d2 +I t2 ); The first photodetector and the second photodetector obtain the diffracted light intensity. Through the diffraction efficiency of the sampling grating, the light intensity information incident on the sampling grating can be fed back to monitor the working state of the light source in real time.

[0065] (3) The first infrared light source and the second infrared light source work alternately. As Figure 2 shown, when the level modulation of the first infrared light source is at a low level, the level modulation of the second infrared light source is at a high level. After the modulation lasts for a predetermined time, the level modulation of the first infrared light source is at a high level, and at the same time the level modulation of the second infrared light source is at a low level. Alternating in this way realizes that the first infrared light source and the second infrared light source emit light alternately according to the set frequency;

[0066] The dual optical path compensation detection system starts to continuously collect the gas in the target area. The first infrared light source and the second infrared light source work alternately. The background spectral signal, absorption spectral signal collected by the absorption spectral analyzer and the light intensity signals of the first photodetector and the second photodetector are cached in the signal transmitter;

[0067] Calculate the real-time D(λ 1 ) and D(λ 2 ). If the differential spectral signal values at λ 1 and λ 2 are both greater than the threshold value, it indicates that the measured gas has two absorption peaks at λ 1 and λ 2 , which exactly conforms to the infrared absorption spectral characteristics of the measured gas. Then it is determined that there is a leak in the pipeline of the measured gas at that place.

[0068] Table 1. List of absorption spectral wavelengths for spectral analysis of different gases

[0069] Measured gas <![CDATA[Absorption spectral wavelength (λ 1 , λ 2 )]]> Ammonia 1.51μm, 10.3μm Carbon monoxide 1.57μm, 2.34μm Nitrous oxide 2.25μm, 4.47μm Hydrogen sulfide 1.58μm, 2.54μm Hydrogen chloride 1.74μm, 3.40μm Hydrogen fluoride 1.27μm, 2.45μm Hydrogen bromide 1.34μm, 4.10μm Methane 1.33μm, 1.66μm Ethane 1.67μm, 3.36μm Ethylene 1.62μm, 3.15μm Propane 1.68μm, 3.37μm Acetylene 1.52μm, 3.03μm Formaldehyde 3.56μm, 5.66μm Hydrogen cyanide 1.54μm, 2.99μm

[0070] Example 2

[0071] A dual optical path compensation detection optical system based on Example 1, as Figure 3The components shown include: a first infrared light source 1, a second infrared light source 2, a first band-stop filter 3, a second band-stop filter 4, a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 5, a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 6, a first beam deflector 7, a second beam deflector 8, a third beam deflector 9, a sampling grating 10, a fourth beam deflector 11, a gas outlet 12, a first photodetector 13, a second photodetector 14, a thermal insulation layer 15, a gas detection chamber 16, a fifth beam deflector 17, a sixth beam deflector 18, a gas inlet 19, and a spectral signal analyzer 20;

[0072] The gas to be measured is methane, and the two characteristic spectral absorption center wavelengths λ 1 , λ 2 are respectively: 1.33 μm and 1.66 μm;

[0073] The first infrared light source and the second infrared light source work alternately;

[0074] The light emitted by the first infrared light source has a wavelength range of 1.1 μm - 1.8 μm. The first band-stop filter is 1.33 μm ± 0.1 μm. After the light with a wavelength range of 1.1 μm - 1.8 μm emitted by the first infrared light source passes through the first band-stop filter of 1.33 μm ± 0.1 μm, the wavelength range of the light is limited to 1.23 μm - 1.43 μm, and the optical center wavelength of the light in the first optical path becomes 1.33 μm;

[0075] The light emitted by the second infrared light source has a wavelength range of 1.1 μm - 1.8 μm. The second band-stop filter is 1.66 μm ± 0.1 μm. After the light with a wavelength range of 1.1 μm - 1.8 μm emitted by the second infrared light source passes through the second band-stop filter of 1.66 μm ± 0.1 μm, the wavelength range of the light is limited to 1.56 μm - 1.76 μm, and the optical center wavelength of the light in the second optical path becomes 1.66 μm;

[0076] The first beam deflector 7 is used to deflect both the first transmitted light and the second transmitted light onto the same sampling grating 10. Since the wavelengths of the first optical path and the second optical path are different, their diffraction angles through the same sampling grating are different. Therefore, their diffracted lights can be sampled and detected separately;

[0077] The second beam deflector 8 is used to deflect the first reflected light to the spectral signal analyzer, and the third beam deflector 9 is used to deflect the second reflected light to the spectral signal analyzer;

[0078] The fourth beam deflector 11 is used to deflect the first absorbed light and the second absorbed light to the spectral signal analyzer;

[0079] The fifth beam deflector 17 and the sixth beam deflector 18 provided in the gas detection chamber 16 are used to increase the optical path of the infrared light in the gas detection chamber so that it can be fully absorbed at the absorption spectral wavelength.

[0080] Embodiment III

[0081] A 5G-based gas leakage detection system for detecting natural gas pipeline leakage in a pipe gallery, including a remote terminal server, an intelligent mobile inspection system arranged in the pipe gallery,

[0082] a dual-light-path compensation detection optical system configured on the intelligent mobile inspection system, and a 5G private network transmission unit;

[0083] a radio frequency unit (RRU),

[0084] a pipe gallery local data center, a leaky cable, a baseband processing unit (BBU), a transmission PTN, an edge computing device (MEC). The radio frequency unit is arranged in the pipe gallery, and the baseband processing unit and the edge computing device are arranged in the pipe gallery local data center;

[0085] The radio frequency unit in the pipe gallery is connected to the edge computing device through a leaky cable;

[0086] The edge computing device consists of a blade server, a switch, and a firewall;

[0087] The blade server sends data to the remote terminal server through the baseband processing unit.

[0088] The 5G private network transmission unit, the baseband processing unit, and the edge computing device implement the 5GtoB private network function. Only signaling data passes through the public network, and user data does not leave the pipe gallery, ensuring data security.

[0089] The edge computing device implements the 5GtoB private network function. Only signaling data passes through the public network, and user data does not leave the pipe gallery, ensuring data security.

Claims

1. A dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system, Characterized in that, The optical system includes: a first infrared light source, a second infrared light source, a first semi - transparent and semi - reflective mirror, a second semi - transparent and semi - reflective mirror, a first sampling grating, a second sampling grating, a gas detection chamber, and a spectral signal analyzer; The optical system is used in intelligent gas leakage detection. The two characteristic spectral absorption center wavelengths of the measured gas are λ 1 , 2 ; The first infrared light source and the second infrared light source work alternately. The central wavelength of the light emitted by the first infrared light source is λ 1 , and its propagation path is the first optical path; A first beam splitter is disposed on a first optical path, and the light intensity transmission and reflection ratio of the first beam splitter is K 1 , and after passing through the first beam splitter, the first optical path is divided into a first reflected light and a first transmitted light; The first reflected light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the spectral intensity distribution I b (λ 1 ); The first-order diffracted light generated after the first transmitted light passes through the first sampling grating is incident on the first photodetector, and the first photodetector transmits the light intensity I p1 to the spectral signal analyzer, and the diffraction efficiency η of the first sampling grating 1 ; The first transmitted light passes through the first sampling grating, and the light after passing through the gas detection chamber is the first absorption light. The first absorption light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the first absorption spectral intensity distribution I s (λ 1 ); In the spectral signal analyzer, perform differential calculations on I of the first optical path collected b (λ 1 ), I p1 , I s (λ 1 ) to obtain the differential signal of the first optical path: D(λ 1 ) = I b (λ 1 ) - I s (λ 1 ) / [K 1 * (1 - η 1 )]; Correspondingly, the central wavelength of the light emitted by the second infrared light source is λ 2 , and its propagation path is the second optical path; A second half-transmissive and half-reflective mirror is disposed on the second optical path, and the light intensity transmission and reflection ratio of the second half-transmissive and half-reflective mirror is K 2 , and after passing through the second half-transmissive and half-reflective mirror, the second optical path is divided into a second reflected light and a second transmitted light; The second reflected light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the spectral intensity distribution I b (λ 2 ); The first-order diffracted light generated after the second transmitted light passes through the second sampling grating is incident on the second photodetector, and the second photodetector transmits the light intensity I p2 to the spectral signal analyzer, and the diffraction efficiency η of the second sampling grating 2 ; The light that passes through the gas detection chamber after the transmitted light of the second sampling grating passes through the second transmitted light is the second absorption light. The second absorption light is incident on the spectral signal analyzer to obtain the second absorption spectral intensity distribution I s (λ 2 ); In the spectral signal analyzer, perform differential calculation on I of the second optical path collected b (λ 2 ), I p2 , I s (λ 2 ) to obtain the differential signal of the second optical path: D(λ 2 ) = I b (λ 2 ) - I s (λ 2 ) / [K 2 * (1 - η 2 )].

2. The dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system according to claim 1, Characterized in that: It further includes a first band - stop filter and a second band - stop filter; the first band - stop filter is arranged at the light - emitting port of the first infrared light source, and the second band - stop filter is arranged at the light - emitting port of the second infrared light source.

3. The dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The alternating working frequency of the first infrared light source and the second infrared light source is set to 100Hz - 200Hz.

4. The dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The first sampling grating and the second sampling grating are the same sampling grating.

5. The dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The gas detection chamber is provided with an air pump, and the gas to be measured is pumped into the gas detection chamber through the gas inlet and discharged through the gas outlet.

6. The dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system according to claim 1, Characterized in that: There is a heat - insulating layer outside the gas detection chamber.

7. A method for using the dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, Characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) System initialization, Calibrate the light intensity transmittance and reflectance ratio K of the first half-transmissive and half-reflective mirror 1 , by operating the first infrared light source and using the first photodetector to measure the light intensity I of the transmitted light 11 and the light intensity I of the reflected light 12 , K 1 = I 11 / I 12 ; Calibrate the light intensity transmittance and reflectance ratio K of the second semi-transmissive and semi-reflective mirror 2 , the method is to turn on the second infrared light source, and use the second photodetector to measure the light intensity I of the transmitted light 21 and the light intensity I of the reflected light 22 , K 2 = I 21 / I 22 ; (2) Calibration of the diffraction efficiency of the sampling grating, Turn on the first infrared light source. After the light on the first optical path passes through the first sampling grating, use the first photodetector to measure the light intensity I of the first transmitted light respectively t1 and the light intensity I of the diffracted light d1 . Then the diffraction efficiency η of the first sampling grating at λ 1 is η 1 =I d1 / (I d1 +I t1 ); Turn on the second infrared light source. After the light on the second optical path passes through the second sampling grating, use the second photodetector to measure the light intensity I of the transmitted light respectively t2 and the light intensity I of the diffracted light d2 . Then the diffraction efficiency η of the second sampling grating at λ 2 is η 2 = I d2 / (I d2 + I t2 ); When the level modulation of the first infrared light source is at a low level, the level modulation of the second infrared light source is at a high level. After the modulation lasts for a predetermined time, the level modulation of the first infrared light source is at a high level, and at the same time, the level modulation of the second infrared light source is at a low level, and so on alternately. The dual optical path compensation detection system starts to continuously collect the gas in the target area and calculates the real-time D(λ 1 ) and D(λ 2 ). If the differential spectral signal values at λ 1 and λ 2 are both greater than the threshold, it indicates that the measured gas has two absorption peaks at λ 1 and λ 2 , which conforms to the infrared absorption spectral characteristics of the measured gas, then it is determined that there is a gas leak.

8. A gas leakage detection system based on 5G, Including: A remote terminal server and an intelligent mobile inspection system, characterized in that: the intelligent mobile inspection system is configured with a 5G private network transmission unit and the dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the remote terminal server sends location coordinates to the intelligent mobile inspection system, the intelligent mobile inspection system receives the location coordinates through the 5G private network transmission unit, and conducts detection through the dual - optical - path compensation detection optical system and sends the detection result to the remote terminal server in real time through the 5G private network transmission unit.

9. The 5G - based gas leakage detection system according to claim 8, Characterized in that: The intelligent mobile inspection system includes: a moving component and a lidar positioning component; the intelligent mobile inspection system moves back and forth in a predetermined area for inspection at a set speed, and the lidar real - time locates the position of the intelligent mobile inspection system.

10. The 5G - based gas leakage detection system according to claim 9, Characterized in that: The inspection speed of the intelligent mobile inspection system is 0.1m / s - 0.2m / s.

Images