Water Conservancy Monitoring and Disaster Simulation Methods Based on Digital Twins

Abstract

A digital twin-based method for water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation includes: 1) modeling the terrain of water conservancy stations and refining the model of water conservancy monitoring equipment using 3D modeling tools according to actual needs, and importing the models into Unreal Engine to construct realistic reservoir station models; 2) using a database to obtain sensor data collected by water conservancy monitoring equipment at water conservancy stations; 3) constructing twin models and simulation models of water conservancy monitoring equipment, and mapping the sensor data of real water conservancy monitoring equipment to the water conservancy monitoring equipment model through data mapping; 4) quickly constructing simulation scenarios of water conservancy stations according to the actual situation of the water conservancy stations, and completing the corresponding water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital twins, specifically to a method for water conservancy monitoring and disaster prediction based on digital twins. Background Technology

[0002] With global changes and rapid economic and social development, extreme hydrological events are occurring frequently, leading to an increasingly prominent contradiction between water supply and demand in my country, seriously threatening my country's water security, food security, and ecological environment security. Rapid economic and social development and the occurrence of extreme events place higher demands on water resource security and the safe and efficient operation of water conservancy projects. Comprehensively promoting the construction of smart water conservancy is an important measure to accelerate the modernization of water conservancy in the new era. Taking smart water conservancy construction as the focus and breakthrough point for promoting water conservancy modernization, we should accelerate its development and significantly improve the level of water conservancy modernization.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, various water conservancy monitoring and flood control methods based on digital twins have been developed. Bo Zhong proposed a water conservancy monitoring method and system based on digital twins (Bo Zhong. Water Conservancy Monitoring Method and System Based on Digital Twins [P]. Chinese Patent: CN113139659A, 2021-07-20.). This method acquires sensor data from water conservancy stations and presents the station's operational status in a visual manner within a digital twin display model. Additionally, an inference model is designed, primarily outputting fault-solving strategies corresponding to the station's status data. However, this system design only visually displays the station's operational status; it does not predict potential floods and lacks independent operational capability. Nie Junkun proposed a digital twin-based flood control and drainage system and early warning method for the entire land space (Nie Junkun. Digital Twin-based Flood Control and Drainage System and Early Warning Method for the Entire Land Space [P]. Chinese Patent: CN114240119A, 2022-03-25.). This system mainly achieves flood and drainage forecasting and early warning for the entire land space by constructing a flood control and drainage system. The system collects and organizes historical precipitation data to generate a precipitation database and maps it to a digital twin watershed model to simulate and forecast flood and drainage conditions. This system model requires extremely large amounts of data, is relatively complex to build, and only realizes the simulation and forecasting of flood disasters, without real-time monitoring and management of the water conservancy system. The functions of the above two systems are relatively simple, and there is still a certain gap between them and a smart water conservancy system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings and problems of existing systems, such as limited functionality and complex setup, this invention provides a method for water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation based on digital twins, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Based on actual needs, use 3D modeling tools to model the terrain of water conservancy stations and refine the model of water conservancy monitoring equipment, then import them into Unreal Engine to build a realistic reservoir station model.

[0006] Step 2: Use the database to obtain the sensor data collected by the water conservancy monitoring equipment at the water conservancy station;

[0007] Step 3: Construct a twin model and a projection model of the water conservancy monitoring equipment, and map the sensor data of the real water conservancy monitoring equipment into the water conservancy monitoring equipment model through data mapping;

[0008] Step 4: Based on the above steps and the actual situation of the water conservancy stations, quickly construct the simulation scenario of the water conservancy stations and complete the corresponding water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation work.

[0009] Specifically, step 1 includes:

[0010] First, in the GIS plugin of the 3D modeling tool, select a specific location, add elements such as buildings, rivers, and scenery, and export the data as an FBX file format supported by Unreal Engine. Then, model the water monitoring equipment to scale using the 3D modeling tool, perform texturing and rendering on the created model file, and finally export the processed model as an FBX file format that Unreal Engine can import.

[0011] Commonly used water conservancy monitoring equipment at water conservancy stations includes water level detectors, water flow velocity measuring instruments, and total station robots. For monitoring equipment with motion attributes, such as total station robots, kinematic modeling needs to be performed according to the physical parameters of the actual monitoring equipment, and the posture needs to be changed according to the rotation angle.

[0012] Specifically, step 2 includes:

[0013] 2.1 Install the relational database MySQL and the caching database Redis. MySQL is used as the information storage center for the water conservancy monitoring equipment, mainly storing equipment information tables, equipment data tables, and other data. Redis is used as the interaction center between physical and virtual signals. Data such as control equipment I / O signals and water conservancy monitoring equipment sensor values ​​from the data acquisition software are stored in Redis in key-value format, and the data values ​​are updated in real time according to the operation of the control program.

[0014] 2.2 The water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation system reads data values ​​stored in the database in real time and saves the simulation operation status to the database in key-value format driven by actual signal values. At the same time, a simulation database is created as a specific data storage center to store data such as reservoir area and extreme values ​​of dam opening and water release rates, meeting the data needs of the simulation system.

[0015] Specifically, step 3 includes:

[0016] 3.1 The construction of the twin and extrapolation models requires the water conservancy monitoring equipment model built in step 1 and the sensor data collected by the water conservancy monitoring equipment at the water conservancy stations obtained in step 2. The water conservancy monitoring equipment model built in step 1 is imported into Unreal Engine.

[0017] 3.2 Construction of the Twin Model: First, a control blueprint is created in Unreal Engine as the interactive interface of the twin model. Each interactive interface corresponds to a water conservancy monitoring equipment model. The interactive interface of the twin model is used to display the operating status and operating data of the water conservancy monitoring equipment. Therefore, each interactive interface needs to access the real-time data of the corresponding water conservancy monitoring equipment. Here, the sensor data collected by the water conservancy monitoring equipment at the water conservancy station obtained in step 2 is used. The correspondence between the water conservancy monitoring equipment model and the data is determined by the water conservancy monitoring equipment information provided by the database MySQL. After the correspondence is determined, the real-time water conservancy monitoring data in the cache database Redis can be connected to the data interface of the interactive interface, and a display threshold is set for the data. When the data is abnormal, a data abnormality is prompted, and the abnormality signal is transmitted to the site through the error control signal. The real-time water conservancy monitoring data can be dynamically refreshed during operation.

[0018] 3.3 Construction of the simulation model: First, control blueprints are created in Unreal Engine as the interactive interface of the simulation model. Each interactive interface corresponds to a water conservancy monitoring equipment model. The simulation system uses fewer simulation models than the twin system, including water injection valves and dam gates. Then, input options are set in the interactive interface of the simulation model. The input options are used for users to input values, such as the water injection volume of the water injection valve and the opening speed of the dam gate. The values ​​input by the input options can drive the corresponding models in the scene to perform corresponding actions. Next, a reference data prompt bar is added to the input option position of the interactive interface of the simulation model. The data of the reference data prompt bar comes from the simulation database in step 2. The reference data prompt bar has an upper limit prompt bar for the water injection volume of the water injection valve and an upper limit prompt bar for the opening speed of the dam gate. The upper limit data for the water injection volume of the water injection valve is shown in formula (1), where S is the area of ​​the reservoir, h max h is the highest water level measured. now This is the latest water level.

[0019] W max =S(h max -h now (1)

[0020] Specifically, step 4 includes:

[0021] 4.1 Import the terrain data FBX file into the scene. Based on the type and location of the actual water monitoring equipment at the water conservancy stations, selectively drag the twin model and the simulation model into the water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation system. Click "Run" to start the system. You can choose to enter either the twin system or the simulation system.

[0022] 4.2 Upon entering the twin system, the operating status and data of various water conservancy monitoring equipment at the water conservancy station can be observed. Under most conditions, the equipment operates normally, and the twin system can display the equipment's operating status and data correctly. In case of emergencies or equipment malfunctions, the data will indicate an anomaly, triggering an early warning. The twin system will display an anomaly signal, and the location of the malfunctioning equipment will also display an anomaly signal, alerting the administrator to the anomaly and indicating its specific location, allowing the administrator to quickly locate and resolve the problem. Simultaneously with the twin system alarm, it sends an error control signal, which is transmitted to the field equipment. The field alarm device is activated, alerting the on-site administrator to the anomaly and prompting them to check the equipment as soon as possible. Once the problem with the malfunctioning equipment is resolved, the data received by the twin system returns to normal, and the simulation scenario returns to a normal monitoring environment.

[0023] 4.3 Upon entering the simulation system, you can set the water injection volume of the injection valves and the opening speed of the dam gates. When setting these parameters, a reference data prompt bar will appear, providing reference data for the parameter settings. For example, setting the water injection volume will display the maximum injection value, and setting the dam gate opening speed will display the dam's recent maximum discharge speed. Next, you can set the injection volume to start the injection process. Water will then be injected into the reservoir. The continuous water injection allows you to monitor the reservoir's carrying capacity. Once the injection valves are full, you can choose to open the dam gates to release water. Adjusting the opening rate allows you to monitor the downstream carrying capacity, enabling simulations of potential heavy rainfall disasters.

[0024] The present invention discloses a water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation method based on digital twins. It is built on Unreal Engine to simulate the operation scenario of real water conservancy stations and provides a visualized 3D model and user interface. It is mainly divided into four parts: the establishment of water conservancy station terrain model and water conservancy monitoring equipment model, the acquisition of sensor data collected by water conservancy monitoring equipment, the construction of twin model and simulation model of water conservancy monitoring equipment, and the construction of water conservancy station simulation scenario.

[0025] First, topographic data of a water conservancy station is constructed using 3D modeling tools. Then, the water conservancy monitoring equipment is meticulously modeled using these tools. The completed model file is then textured and rendered. After processing, the water conservancy monitoring equipment model is converted to FBX file format and imported into Unreal Engine to construct a realistic water conservancy station model. Next, a MySQL database is used as the information storage center for the water conservancy monitoring equipment, and a Redis database is used as the interaction center for physical and virtual signals to obtain sensor data from the water conservancy station. This sensor data is updated in real time according to the control program's operation. Finally, based on the water conservancy monitoring equipment model and the sensor data collected by the equipment, a twin model and a projection model of the water conservancy monitoring equipment are constructed. In the twin model, control blueprints are created as the interactive interface, and each interface is connected to the real-time data of the corresponding water monitoring equipment. These interfaces display the operating status and data of the monitoring equipment. In the simulation system, control blueprints are also created as the interactive interface for the simulation model. These interfaces can be set with input values ​​to control the simulation model, thus enabling control of the simulation system. Finally, a simulation scenario of the water conservancy station is constructed. In summary, this method provides a water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation approach that integrates water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation. It not only enables remote water conservancy monitoring of water conservancy stations but also allows for virtual simulation of potential heavy rainfall disasters, facilitating safe management of water conservancy stations by enterprises.

[0026] The advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation method based on digital twins. This method, based on the Unreal Engine simulation platform, achieves a 1:1 replication of real-world scenarios through large-scale modeling of water conservancy station scenes and refined modeling of water conservancy monitoring equipment. Data acquisition and transmission technologies are used to obtain data from water conservancy monitoring equipment at water conservancy stations. Finally, a twin model and a simulation model of the water conservancy monitoring equipment are constructed, and sensor data from the real water conservancy monitoring equipment are mapped into the water conservancy monitoring equipment model through data mapping. Ultimately, this enables remote monitoring of reservoir operations in a virtual simulation scenario, providing timely warnings of abnormal equipment and situations, minimizing risks and losses. It also allows for virtual simulations of potential heavy rainfall disasters, helping managers predict reservoir carrying capacity and be well-prepared to mitigate risks during disasters. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A flowchart of a water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation method based on digital twins provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the system entry interface provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 The simulation effect diagram shows the water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation method based on digital twin provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, this invention provides a method for water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation based on digital twins. This method is built on Unreal Engine and mainly consists of four parts: establishing a terrain model of a water conservancy station and a model of a water conservancy monitoring equipment; acquiring sensor data collected by the water conservancy monitoring equipment; constructing a twin model and a simulation model of the water conservancy monitoring equipment; and constructing a simulation scenario of a water conservancy station.

[0032] The creation of terrain models for water conservancy stations and water conservancy monitoring equipment models requires constructing terrain data for a specific water conservancy station using 3D modeling tools based on actual needs, and then using these tools to create detailed models of the water conservancy monitoring equipment before importing them into Unreal Engine. Alternatively, the GIS plugin for Blender software can be used to acquire the terrain of a specified water conservancy station, adding information such as buildings and rivers, and then exporting the data as an FBX file. This exported FBX file can be imported into Unreal Engine. Based on the attributes and functions of different water conservancy monitoring equipment, SolidWorks software is used to model the water conservancy monitoring equipment for each station. The created model files are then textured and rendered, and finally exported as FBX files, a format that Unreal Engine supports for import.

[0033] The sensor data collected by the water conservancy monitoring equipment is acquired through the installation of a relational database, MySQL, and a caching database, Redis. MySQL serves as the information storage center for the water conservancy monitoring equipment, primarily storing equipment information tables and equipment data tables. Redis acts as the interaction center between physical and virtual signals; data such as control device I / O signals from the data acquisition software and sensor values ​​from the water conservancy monitoring equipment are stored in Redis in key-value format. The water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation system reads the data values ​​stored in the database in real time and saves the simulation operation status to the database in key-value format, driven by actual signal values. Simultaneously, a simulation database is created as a specific data storage center to store data such as reservoir area and extreme values ​​of dam opening and release rates, meeting the data requirements of the simulation system.

[0034] The construction of the twin model and the inference model mainly includes the construction of the twin model and the construction of the inference system. Twin model construction: First, a control blueprint is created in Unreal Engine as the interactive interface of the twin model. Each interactive interface corresponds to a water conservancy monitoring equipment model. The interactive interface of the twin model is used to display the operating status and data of the water conservancy monitoring equipment. Therefore, each interactive interface needs to access the real-time data of the corresponding water conservancy monitoring equipment. Here, the sensor data collected by the water conservancy monitoring equipment at the water conservancy station obtained in step 2 is used. The correspondence between the water conservancy monitoring equipment model and the data is determined by the water conservancy monitoring equipment information provided by the MySQL database. After the correspondence is determined, the real-time water conservancy monitoring data in the cached Redis database can be connected to the data interface of the interactive interface, and a display threshold is set for the data. When the data is abnormal, a data abnormality is indicated, and the abnormal signal is transmitted to the site through an error control signal. The real-time water conservancy monitoring data can be dynamically refreshed during operation.

[0035] Construction of the simulation model: First, control blueprints are created in Unreal Engine as the interactive interface of the simulation model. Each interactive interface corresponds to a water conservancy monitoring equipment model. The simulation system uses fewer simulation models than the twin system, including water injection valves and dam gates. Then, input options are set in the interactive interface of the simulation model. The input options are used for users to input values, such as the water injection volume of the water injection valve and the opening speed of the dam gate. The values ​​input by the input options can drive the corresponding models in the scene to perform corresponding actions. Next, a reference data prompt bar is added to the input option position of the interactive interface of the simulation model. The data of the reference data prompt bar comes from the simulation database in step 2. The reference data prompt bar has an upper limit prompt bar for the water injection volume of the water injection valve and an upper limit prompt bar for the opening speed of the dam gate. The upper limit data for the water injection volume of the water injection valve is shown in formula (1), where S is the area of ​​the reservoir, h max h is the highest water level measured. now This is the latest water level.

[0036] W max =S(h max -h now (1)

[0037] Finally, drag the terrain data FBX file into the scene. Based on the type and location of the actual water monitoring equipment at a specific water conservancy station, selectively drag the twin model and the simulation model into the simulation scene. Click "Run," and the system will begin running. The entry interface is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, users can choose to enter the twin system or the simulation system to complete the corresponding virtual debugging work.

[0038] First, you enter the virtual twin system. Once inside, you can observe the operating status and data of various water conservancy monitoring devices at the water conservancy stations. Under most conditions, the equipment operates normally, and the simulation scene can display the equipment's operating status and data correctly. Figure 3 The image shown is a monitoring screen of the reservoir obtained from a simulation scenario. In the event of an emergency or equipment malfunction, the data will indicate an anomaly, triggering an early warning. An anomaly signal will appear in the simulation scenario, and simultaneously, an anomaly signal will also appear at the location of the malfunctioning device, alerting the administrator to the anomaly and its specific location. This allows the administrator to quickly locate and resolve the issue. Simultaneously with the simulation scenario alarm, an error control device I / O signal is sent to the field device via data transmission. The field alarm device is activated, alerting the on-site administrator to the anomaly and prompting them to check the equipment as soon as possible. Once the problem with the malfunctioning device is resolved, the data received by the simulation scenario will return to normal, and the simulation scenario will resume normal monitoring.

[0039] Once inside the simulation system, users can select and set the water injection volume of the injection valves and the opening speed of the dam gates. Setting these parameters provides data prompts; for example, setting the injection volume indicates the corresponding rise in reservoir water level, and setting the dam gate opening speed indicates the dam's recent maximum discharge rate. Next, the system initiates water injection, allowing for monitoring of the reservoir's carrying capacity. After the injection valves are full, the system allows users to open the dam gates and adjust the discharge rate to monitor downstream carrying capacity, thus enabling simulations of potential heavy rainfall disasters.

[0040] The above summarizes the invention. Based on the Unreal Engine simulation platform, it achieves a 1:1 replication of real-world scenarios through large-scale modeling of water conservancy station scenes and detailed modeling of water conservancy monitoring equipment. Data acquisition and transmission technologies enable the acquisition of data from water conservancy monitoring equipment at water conservancy stations. Finally, it constructs twin models and simulation models of the water conservancy monitoring equipment, mapping sensor data from real equipment onto the equipment models. Ultimately, this allows for remote monitoring of reservoir operations in a virtual simulation environment, providing timely warnings of abnormal equipment and situations, minimizing risks and losses. Furthermore, the software also enables virtual simulations of potential heavy rainfall disasters, helping managers predict reservoir carrying capacity and prepare for potential disasters, thus reducing risks.

[0041] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] This invention discloses a water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation method based on digital twins. In use, users simply select the model corresponding to the actual scenario from the twin model and the simulation model, place it into the simulation environment, and quickly construct the required water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation system through simple operations, without the need for actual water conservancy monitoring equipment. The system designed by this method consists of two subsystems: a water conservancy monitoring subsystem that provides remote monitoring of reservoir operations in a virtual simulation environment, and a disaster simulation subsystem that simulates potential heavy rainfall disasters, facilitating safe management of water conservancy sites by enterprises.

[0043] The embodiments described in this specification are merely examples of implementations of the inventive concept. The scope of protection of this invention should not be considered as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments. The scope of protection of this invention also extends to equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A method for water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation based on digital twins, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Based on actual needs, use 3D modeling tools to model the terrain of water conservancy stations and refine the model of water conservancy monitoring equipment, then import them into Unreal Engine to build a realistic reservoir station model. Step 2: Use the database to obtain the sensor data collected by the water conservancy monitoring equipment at the water conservancy station; Step 3: Construct a twin model and a projection model of the water conservancy monitoring equipment, and map the sensor data of the real water conservancy monitoring equipment into the water conservancy monitoring equipment model through data mapping; Step 4: Based on the above steps and according to the actual situation of the water conservancy station, quickly construct the simulation scenario of the water conservancy station and complete the corresponding water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation work. Step 2 specifically includes: 2.1 Install the relational database MySQL and the caching database Redis; use MySQL as the information storage center for water conservancy monitoring equipment, storing equipment information tables and equipment data tables; use Redis as the interaction center for physical and virtual signals. The control equipment I / O signals and water conservancy monitoring equipment sensor values ​​in the data acquisition software will be stored in Redis in key-value format, and the data values ​​will be refreshed in real time according to the operation of the control program. 2.2 The water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation system will read the data values ​​stored in the database in real time, and save the simulation operation status in the database in key-value format driven by the actual signal values; at the same time, a simulation database is created as a specific data storage center to store extreme data such as reservoir area and dam opening and water release rate. The storage rule of this database is to only record the extreme values ​​of specific data from the Redis database. Step 3 specifically includes: 3.1 Import the water conservancy monitoring equipment model built in step 1 into Unreal Engine; 3.2 Construction of the Twin Model: First, control blueprints are created in Unreal Engine as the interactive interface of the twin model. Each interactive interface corresponds to a water conservancy monitoring equipment model. The interactive interface of the twin model is used to display the operating status and operating data of the water conservancy monitoring equipment. Therefore, each interactive interface needs to access the real-time data of the corresponding water conservancy monitoring equipment. Here, the sensor data collected by the water conservancy monitoring equipment at the water conservancy station obtained in step 2 is used. The correspondence between the water conservancy monitoring equipment model and the data is determined by the water conservancy monitoring equipment information provided by the database MySQL. After the correspondence is determined, the real-time water conservancy monitoring data in the cache database Redis is connected to the data interface of the interactive interface, and a display threshold is set for the data. When the data is abnormal, the data abnormality is prompted, and the abnormal signal is transmitted to the site through the error control signal. The real-time water conservancy monitoring data can be dynamically refreshed during operation. 3.3 Construction of the simulation model: First, control blueprints are created in Unreal Engine as the interactive interface of the simulation model. Each interactive interface corresponds to a water conservancy monitoring equipment model. The simulation system uses fewer simulation models than the twin system, including water injection valves and dam gates. Then, input options are set in the interactive interface of the simulation model. The input options are entered by the user, including the water injection volume of the water injection valve and the opening speed of the dam gate. The input values ​​drive the corresponding model in the scene to perform corresponding actions. Next, a reference data prompt bar is added to the input option position of the interactive interface of the simulation model. The data of the reference data prompt bar comes from the simulation database in step 2. The reference data prompt bar has an upper limit prompt bar for the water injection volume of the water injection valve and an upper limit prompt bar for the opening speed of the dam gate. The upper limit data for the water injection volume of the water injection valve is shown in formula (1), where S is the area of ​​the reservoir, h max h is the highest water level measured. now The latest water level; W max =S(h max -h now ) (1) Step 4 specifically includes: 4.1 Import the terrain data FBX file into the scene. Based on the type and location of the actual water conservancy monitoring equipment at the water conservancy station, select and drag the twin model and simulation model into the water conservancy monitoring and disaster simulation system. Click Run, and the system will start running, entering the twin system or the simulation system. 4.2 First, upon entering the twin system, one can observe the operating status and data of various water conservancy monitoring equipment at the water conservancy station. When the equipment is operating normally, the twin system displays the operating status and data as normal. In case of emergencies or equipment malfunctions, the data will indicate the anomaly, triggering an early warning. The twin system will display an anomaly signal, and the location of the malfunctioning equipment will also display an anomaly signal, alerting the administrator to the anomaly and indicating its specific location. This allows the administrator to quickly locate the malfunctioning equipment, find the problem, and restore it. Simultaneously with the twin system alarm, it sends an error control signal, which is transmitted to the field equipment. The field alarm device is activated, alerting the on-site administrator to the anomaly and prompting them to check the equipment as soon as possible. Once the problem with the malfunctioning equipment is resolved, the data received by the twin system returns to normal, and the simulation scenario returns to a normal monitoring environment. 4.3 Enter the simulation system and set the water injection volume of the injection valve and the opening speed of the dam gate. When setting the water injection volume of the injection valve and the opening speed of the dam gate, a reference data prompt bar will appear, providing reference data for parameter settings. Specifically, when setting the water injection volume of the injection valve, the maximum water injection volume will be displayed, and when setting the opening speed of the dam gate, the maximum recent water release speed of the dam will be displayed. Next, set the water injection volume and start the water injection. At this time, water will be injected into the reservoir. The continuous injection of water allows for the observation of the reservoir's carrying capacity. After the water injection valve has finished filling, the dam gate will open and release water. Adjusting the opening and releasing rate also allows for the observation of the downstream carrying capacity, realizing the simulation of heavy rainfall disasters.

Images