A battery heating system and heating method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of automotive technology, specifically a battery heating system and control method. It includes an insulation layer, an external heat exchange liquid layer, a heat storage liquid, a fan-shaped battery pack, an internal heat exchange liquid layer, a retractable heat insulation baffle, and a spacing adjuster. The internal heat exchange liquid layer is fixed to the upper surface of the exhaust pipe. The fan-shaped battery pack, the external heat exchange liquid layer, and the insulation layer are sequentially fixed above the internal heat exchange liquid layer. The heat storage liquid covers the fan-shaped battery pack, uniformly transferring heat to it. One end of the spacing adjuster is fixedly connected to the fan-shaped battery pack. A retractable heat insulation baffle is installed inside the fan-shaped battery pack. The internal heat exchange liquid layer, the heat insulation baffle, and the spacing adjuster are connected to a controller. This invention can control the rapid heating and insulation of the battery through multiple methods, achieving energy savings and solving the problems of slow battery temperature rise rate, poor insulation effect, and high heating energy consumption in existing batteries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automotive technology, specifically a battery heating system and heating method. Background Technology

[0002] When a power battery is fully charged and left to rest, its temperature will gradually equalize with the ambient temperature. In winter, this can lead to excessively low battery temperatures and performance degradation. Therefore, batteries need to have heating and insulation functions to maintain them within a reasonable temperature range.

[0003] Under low temperature conditions, the performance of power batteries cannot be normal. A high-efficiency heating system is needed to heat them to ensure that their performance can meet the usage requirements. Traditional plug-in heat preservation uses the charging pile and internal heating system to heat the battery. After plugging in the plug, it can no longer continue to heat the battery, and the battery heat preservation effect is poor. The battery temperature drops rapidly after plugging in the plug at low temperatures.

[0004] In addition, current battery insulation methods are mainly passive insulation and active insulation. Passive insulation involves adding insulation materials inside the battery pack to reduce heat exchange between the battery and the external environment. Active insulation mainly uses charging piles and heating elements to maintain the battery within a certain temperature range. Battery heating methods mainly use heat-generating elements such as PTC and motors to transfer heat to the battery. These methods have problems such as high heating energy consumption, slow battery temperature rise rate, and poor insulation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a battery heating system and heating method that can control the rapid heating of the battery and keep it warm through multiple methods, thereby saving energy and solving the problems of slow temperature rise rate, poor heat preservation effect and high heating energy consumption of existing batteries.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery heating system, including an insulation layer 1, an external heat exchange liquid layer 2, a heat storage liquid 3, a fan-shaped battery pack, an internal heat exchange liquid layer 5, a retractable heat insulation baffle 6, and a spacing adjuster 7; the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5 is fixed to the upper surface of an exhaust pipe 14; the fan-shaped battery pack, the external heat exchange liquid layer 2, and the insulation layer 1 are sequentially fixed above the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5; the heat storage liquid 3 covers the fan-shaped battery pack, uniformly transferring heat to the fan-shaped battery pack; one end of the spacing adjuster 7 is fixedly connected to the fan-shaped battery pack; the retractable heat insulation baffle 6 is provided inside the fan-shaped battery pack; the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5, the retractable heat insulation baffle 6, and the spacing adjuster 7 are connected to a controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the fan-shaped battery pack includes a battery bracket 41, a fan-shaped battery cell 42, and an external insulating protective layer 43; the battery bracket 41 and the fan-shaped battery cell 42 are an integral structure; the bottom of the fan-shaped battery cell 42 is annularly surrounding the surface of the battery bracket 41; the upper part of the fan-shaped battery cell 42 is provided with an external insulating protective layer 43; the bottom of the fan-shaped battery pack is in complete contact with the surface of the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5.

[0009] Furthermore, the battery bracket 41 has a built-in retractable heat insulation baffle 6 to isolate heat transfer between the exhaust pipe 14 and the fan-shaped battery cell 42; the retractable heat insulation baffle 6 is divided into three layers, which are respectively connected to the controller; the controller transmits the control signal to the retractable heat insulation baffle 6, and the retractable heat insulation baffle 6 is inserted into the battery bracket 41 to isolate heat transfer from the exhaust pipe 14.

[0010] Furthermore, the spacing adjuster 7 includes an upper rod 71, a lower rod 72, a spring 73, a sealed piston 74, and a filling liquid 75; the upper end of the upper rod 71 is fixedly connected to the battery bracket 41; the lower end of the upper rod 71 is fitted inside the lower rod 72; the filling liquid 75 is disposed at the bottom of the lower rod 72; the sealed piston 74 is disposed above the filling liquid 75; the upper end of the sealed piston 74 contacts one end of the spring 73; the other end of the spring 73 is connected to the upper rod 71; by controlling the filling amount of the filling liquid 75, the upper rod 71 and the battery bracket 41 are moved, thereby adjusting the distance between the fan-shaped battery pack and the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5; the controller controls the filling amount of the filling liquid 75, moves the sealed piston 74 and the spring 73 by the filling amount of the filling liquid 75, and the spring 73 pulls the upper rod 71 and the battery bracket 41 to move, thereby adjusting the spacing between the fan-shaped battery pack and the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5, and adjusting the amount of heat transfer between the two.

[0011] Furthermore, the thermal storage liquid 3 has a built-in heating device; the heating device is connected to the charging pile; the heating device is used to heat the thermal storage liquid 3.

[0012] Furthermore, the external heat exchange liquid layer 2 is connected to the controlled b end of the solenoid valve 8; the a end of the solenoid valve 8 is connected to the heater core 9; the heater core 9 is connected to the water pump 10; the c end of the solenoid valve 8 is connected to the thermostat 11; the thermostat 11 is connected to the radiator 12; the water pump 10, the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5, and the radiator 12 are all connected to the engine water jacket 13; the engine water jacket 13 is connected to the temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is connected to the controller; and the controller is connected to the b end of the solenoid valve 8.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat storage liquid 3 is a crystallizable liquid.

[0014] Further, the liquid flow directions in the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5 and the external heat exchange liquid layer 2 are the same.

[0015] Further, the controller includes a main module controller, a first sub-module controller, a second sub-module controller, and a third sub-module controller; the first sub-module controller is configured to calculate the size that the spacing adjuster 7 needs to adjust, and linearly interpolate in LookupTable1 according to the signal input by the sensor to obtain the required adjustment gap; the second sub-module controller is configured to calculate the required heating power of the heating device, and linearly interpolate in LookupTable2 to obtain the required heating power; the third sub-module controller is configured to calculate the required number of layers of the retractable heat insulation baffle 6; the main module controller is configured to receive the control signals after the first sub-module controller, the second sub-module controller, and the third sub-module controller have completed their calculations, and perform secondary correction according to the signals. For example, when the battery temperature T_B < T1, it indicates that the battery temperature is in an extremely low state and the battery needs to be heated. At this time, the adjustment distance of the spacing adjuster 7 is set to 0, that is, the two surfaces are in contact, so as to heat the sector battery pack to the maximum extent, and the control signal is transmitted to the actuator, and finally the actuators respond to the control signal.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery heating method, which is implemented by a battery heating system, and includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Collect the battery temperature T_B, the ambient wind speed S_W, and the ambient temperature T_E through sensors, and input the collected battery temperature T_B, ambient wind speed S_W, and ambient temperature T_E into the sub-module controller through a signal transmission channel;

[0018] Step 2: After the signal is transmitted to the sub-module controller, calculations are started on the received signal. Among them, the first sub-module controller calculates the size that the spacing adjuster 7 needs to adjust, and linearly interpolates in LookupTable1 according to the signal input by the sensor to obtain the required adjustment gap; the second sub-module controller calculates the required heating power of the heating device, and linearly interpolates in LookupTable2 to obtain the required heating power; the third sub-module controller calculates the required number of layers of the retractable heat insulation baffle 6, and performs dead zone control according to the input signal. For example, when the temperature is lower than T2, the first retractable heat insulation plate leaves the battery bracket 41, and when the temperature is higher than T3, the first retractable heat insulation plate returns to the battery bracket 41;

[0019] Step 3: The first sub-module controller, the second sub-module controller, and the third sub-module controller transmit the calculated control signals to the main module controller. The main module controller performs secondary correction based on the signals. For example, when the battery temperature T_B < T1, it indicates that the battery temperature is in an extremely low state at this time, and the battery needs to be heated. At this time, the adjustment distance of the distance regulator 7 is set to 0, that is, the two surfaces are in contact, and the fan-shaped battery pack is heated to the maximum extent;

[0020] Step 4: The main module controller transmits the control signals to the actuators through the signal transmission channel, and finally realizes the response of each actuator to the control signals.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1) When the charging gun is disconnected, the large specific heat capacity supersaturated liquid around the fan-shaped battery pack crystallizes and releases a large amount of heat, which can still continue to heat and keep warm the battery;

[0023] 2) After the fan-shaped battery pack and the engine exhaust pipe are integrated, the liquid in the battery heating system can absorb the heat of the tail pipe and transfer it to the fan-shaped battery pack under low-temperature conditions, which can heat the fan-shaped battery pack and improve the space utilization rate between the vehicle chassis and the exhaust pipe;

[0024] 3) The heat receiving area of the fan-shaped battery pack is larger than that of the ordinary square battery, which is beneficial to the transfer of heat to the fan-shaped battery pack;

[0025] 4) The spacing adjustment device, the retractable heat insulation baffle device, and the built-in heating device of the fan-shaped battery pack and the internal heat exchange liquid layer in the present invention can automatically adjust the heat transferred to the battery according to the heating requirements and control strategies of the battery, preventing the phenomenon of overheating or insufficient heating of the battery;

[0026] 5) The present invention adopts a liquid double-layer flow, which can realize the simultaneous heat transfer of the internal and external heat exchange liquid layers to the fan-shaped battery pack. The battery pack is heated evenly as a whole, and the overall temperature rise effect of the battery can be effectively improved;

[0027] 6) The fan-shaped battery core and the battery bracket in the present invention are of an integrated structure, without additional fixing structures, which can effectively reduce the heat transfer path to the battery and improve the heat transfer effect. Description of the Drawings

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0029] Figure 1This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery heating system according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spacing adjuster.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the internal heat exchange fluid layer and the engine water jacket.

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the fan-shaped battery cell and the retractable heat insulation baffle.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the spacing adjuster, battery bracket, external heat exchange liquid layer, and insulation layer.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe structure;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal heat exchange liquid layer.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of the internal heat exchange liquid layer.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of the external heat exchange liquid layer.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a battery heating method according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a detailed flowchart of a battery heating method according to the present invention.

[0040] In the picture:

[0041] 1. Insulation layer;

[0042] 2. External heat exchange liquid layer;

[0043] 3. Heat storage liquid;

[0044] 41. Battery bracket; 42. Fan-shaped battery cell; 43. External insulation protective layer;

[0045] 5. Internal heat exchange liquid layer;

[0046] 6. Retractable heat insulation baffle;

[0047] 7. Spacing adjuster;

[0048] 71. Upper rod; 72. Lower rod; 73. Spring; 74. Sealing piston; 75. Filling liquid;

[0049] 8. Solenoid valve;

[0050] 9. Warm air core;

[0051] 10. Water pump;

[0052] 11. Thermostat;

[0053] 12. Radiator;

[0054] 13. Engine water jacket;

[0055] 14. Exhaust pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0057] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0058] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] See Figures 1-6 A battery heating system includes an insulation layer 1, an external heat exchange liquid layer 2, a heat storage liquid 3, a fan-shaped battery pack, an internal heat exchange liquid layer 5, a retractable heat insulation baffle 6, and a spacing adjuster 7.

[0062] See Figure 1 The internal heat exchange liquid layer 5 is fixed to the upper surface of the exhaust pipe 14; a fan-shaped battery pack, an external heat exchange liquid layer 2, and an insulation layer 1 are sequentially fixed above the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5; the heat storage liquid 3 covers the fan-shaped battery pack, uniformly transferring heat to the fan-shaped battery pack; one end of the spacing adjuster 7 is fixedly connected to the fan-shaped battery pack; a retractable heat insulation baffle 6 is provided inside the fan-shaped battery pack; the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5, the retractable heat insulation baffle 6, and the spacing adjuster 7 are connected to the controller.

[0063] See Figure 3 The thermal storage liquid 3 is composed of a crystallizable liquid with a large specific heat capacity, which can completely cover the fan-shaped battery pack. The thermal storage liquid (with built-in heating device) can heat the battery when the vehicle is in motion. When the battery charging port is fully charged, the heating device inside the thermal storage liquid intermittently heats the thermal storage liquid for a certain period of time to maintain the battery temperature within a certain range. In addition, after the user fully charges the battery and drives away from the charging station, the thermal storage liquid undergoes a crystallization reaction, which releases a large amount of heat during the process.

[0064] See Figure 2 The fan-shaped battery pack includes a battery bracket 41, a fan-shaped battery cell 42, and an external insulating protective layer 43; the battery bracket 41 and the fan-shaped battery cell 42 are an integral structure; the bottom of the fan-shaped battery cell 42 is annularly surrounding the surface of the battery bracket 41; the upper part of the fan-shaped battery cell 42 is provided with an external insulating protective layer 43; the bottom of the fan-shaped battery pack is in complete contact with the surface of the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5.

[0065] See Figure 1 After the fan-shaped battery cell 42 and the engine exhaust pipe 14 are integrated, the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5 can absorb the heat of the tailpipe and transfer it to the fan-shaped battery cell 42 under low temperature conditions, which can heat the fan-shaped battery cell 42 and improve the space utilization between the vehicle chassis and the exhaust pipe. In addition, the fan-shaped battery cell 42 has a larger heat-receiving area than ordinary square batteries, which is conducive to the transfer of heat to the fan-shaped battery cell 42.

[0066] See Figure 1The fan-shaped battery pack and the external heat exchange liquid layer 2 are filled with heat storage liquid 3. The two are not in direct contact. The insulation material can be evenly covered on the surface of the external heat exchange liquid layer 2, which effectively blocks the contact between the fan-shaped battery cell 42 and the heat-conducting medium and the heat transfer. This avoids the phenomenon that the fan-shaped battery cell 42 has a low temperature and poor insulation effect due to excessive local heat dissipation.

[0067] The integrated design of the fan-shaped battery cell 42 and the bracket can be made of metals with high thermal conductivity, such as copper and aluminum, without any restrictions on the specific materials.

[0068] See Figure 3 and Figure 7 The external heat exchange liquid layer 2 is connected to the controlled b-end of the solenoid valve 8; the a-end of the solenoid valve 8 is connected to the heater core 9; the heater core 9 is connected to the water pump 10; the c-end of the solenoid valve 8 is connected to the thermostat 11; the thermostat 11 is connected to the radiator 12; the water pump 10, the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5, and the radiator 12 are all connected to the engine water jacket 13; the engine water jacket 13 is connected to the temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is connected to the controller; and the controller is connected to the b-end of the solenoid valve 8. When the engine coolant temperature is greater than a certain temperature threshold Tf, the controlled b-end of the solenoid valve opens, allowing hot water from the engine to flow into the external heat exchange liquid layer. Heat is transferred from the engine to the heat storage liquid and the fan-shaped battery pack through convection and heat conduction. When the engine coolant temperature is lower than the temperature threshold Tf2, the controlled b-end of the solenoid valve closes, preventing hot water from flowing into the external heat exchange liquid layer, and heating stops.

[0069] See Figure 1 and Figure 4 The battery bracket 41 has a built-in retractable heat insulation baffle 6 to isolate heat transfer between the exhaust pipe 14 and the fan-shaped battery cell 42. The retractable heat insulation baffle 6 has three layers, each connected to a controller. The controller transmits control signals to the retractable heat insulation baffle 6, which is then inserted into the battery bracket 41 to isolate heat transfer from the exhaust pipe 14. The control mechanism is connected to a third submodule controller. The third submodule controller calculates the required number of layers of the retractable heat insulation baffle 6 and transmits the result to the control mechanism. When the temperature of the fan-shaped battery pack is too high, the three layers of retractable heat insulation baffle 6 are sequentially inserted into the battery bracket 41 according to different temperature thresholds to isolate heat transfer from the exhaust pipe 14.

[0070] See Figure 2, the spacing adjuster 7 includes an upper rod 71, a lower rod 72, a spring 73, a sealed piston 74, and a filling liquid 75; the upper end of the upper rod 71 is fixedly connected to the battery bracket 41; the lower end of the upper rod 71 is sleeved inside the lower rod 72; the bottom of the lower rod 72 is provided with the filling liquid 75; the sealed piston 74 is arranged above the filling liquid 75; the upper part of the sealed piston 74 contacts one end of the spring 73; the other end of the spring 73 is connected to the upper rod 71; by controlling the filling amount of the filling liquid 75, the upper rod 71 and the battery bracket 41 are moved, so as to adjust the distance between the sector battery pack and the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5; the filling amount of the filling liquid 75 is controlled by the first sub-module controller; by the filling amount of the filling liquid 75, the sealed piston 74 and the spring 73 are moved, and the upper rod 71 and the battery bracket 41 are pulled by the spring 73 to move, so as to adjust the spacing between the sector battery pack and the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5, and adjust the magnitude of heat transfer between the two. The filling amount of the filling liquid 75 can be controlled by controlling hydraulic pressure, air pressure, etc.

[0071] Refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the liquid flow directions in the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5 and the external heat exchange liquid layer 2 are the same. Through this double-layer flow, convective heat transfer between the heat source and the battery is realized, so as to achieve the purpose that both the upper and lower parts of the sector battery pack can be heated, and the overall temperature rise rate is increased.

[0072] Refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the controller includes a main module controller, a first sub-module controller, a second sub-module controller, and a third sub-module controller; the first sub-module controller is used to calculate the size that the spacing adjuster 7 needs to adjust, and linearly interpolate in LookupTable1 according to the battery temperature signal input by the sensor to obtain the required adjustment gap; the second sub-module controller is used to calculate the required heating power of the heating device, and linearly interpolate in LookupTable2 to obtain the required heating power; the third sub-module controller is used to calculate the required number of layers of the retractable heat insulation baffle 6; the main module controller is used to receive the control signals calculated by the first sub-module controller, the second sub-module controller, and the third sub-module controller, and perform secondary correction according to the battery temperature signal. For example, when the battery temperature T_B < T1, it means that the battery temperature is in an extremely low state at this time and the battery needs to be heated. At this time, the adjustment distance of the spacing adjuster 7 is set to 0, that is, the two surfaces are in contact, and the sector battery pack is heated to the maximum extent, and the control signal is transmitted to the actuator, and finally the actuators respond to the control signal.

[0073] In summary, there are five heating methods in the present invention, which are specifically as follows:

[0074] Heating Method 1: During vehicle operation, the engine exhaust generates a large amount of heat, and the surface temperature of the exhaust pipe 14 is extremely high. The internal heat exchange liquid layer 5 flows, and the heat inside the exhaust pipe 14 is exchanged to the heat storage liquid 3 through convection heat transfer. The heat storage liquid 3 covers the fan-shaped battery pack, which can evenly transfer heat to the fan-shaped battery pack. If the temperature of the fan-shaped battery pack is low, the distance between the fan-shaped battery pack and the internal heat exchange liquid layer 5 can be reduced by the spacing adjuster 7 to improve the heat exchange efficiency. If the temperature of the fan-shaped battery pack 4 is already high, the distance between the fan-shaped battery pack and the heat exchange liquid layer can be increased to reduce heat transfer and achieve the purpose of reasonably controlling the battery temperature.

[0075] Heating method 2: During the parking charging process, the built-in heating device heats the thermal storage liquid 3, which transfers heat to the fan-shaped battery pack. Since the fan-shaped battery cell 42 is completely immersed in the thermal storage liquid 3, the heat exchange area between it and the fan-shaped battery cell 42 is increased, the battery heat exchange capacity is enhanced, and the battery reaches the target temperature quickly.

[0076] Heating method 3: After being fully charged, the user drives away from the charging station and stops. At this time, there is no external power supply. The internal heat storage liquid 3 undergoes a crystallization reaction. The heat released in this process can continue to heat and keep the battery warm, so that the fan-shaped battery pack 4 can be maintained within a certain temperature range for a long time.

[0077] Heating method 4: Heating of the external heat exchange liquid layer 2. This invention also introduces engine hot water. When the engine water temperature is greater than a certain temperature threshold Tf, the controlled b end of the solenoid valve 8 opens, and the engine hot water enters the external heat exchange liquid layer 2. The engine heat is transferred to the heat storage liquid 3 and the fan-shaped battery pack 4 through convection heat transfer and heat conduction. When the engine water temperature is lower than the temperature threshold Tf2, the controlled b end of the solenoid valve 8 closes, and the engine hot water cannot enter the external heat exchange liquid layer 2, and heating stops.

[0078] Heating Method 5: During driving, when the engine output power is low or during the start-up phase, the heat from the engine coolant and exhaust pipe 14 is insufficient to meet the temperature rise requirements of the fan-shaped battery pack 4. The built-in heating device needs to supplement additional heat. At this time, the battery heating method is that the engine hot water, exhaust pipe heat, and heating device are three heat sources that work together to heat the battery, which can meet the battery heating requirements.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] A battery heating method, implemented through a battery heating system, includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 1: Collect battery temperature T_B, ambient wind speed S_W, and ambient temperature T_E using sensors, and input these data to the submodule controller via a signal transmission channel.

[0082] Step 2: After the signal is transmitted to the sub-module controller, the received signal starts to be calculated. Among them, the first sub-module controller calculates the size that the spacing adjuster 7 needs to adjust, and linearly interpolates in LookupTable1 according to the signal input by the sensor to obtain the required adjustment gap; the second sub-module controller calculates the required heating power of the heating device, and linearly interpolates in LookupTable2 to obtain the required heating power; the third sub-module controller calculates the required number of layers of the retractable heat insulation baffle 6, and performs hysteresis control according to the input signal. For example, when the temperature is lower than T2, the first retractable heat insulation baffle 6 leaves the battery support 41, and when the temperature is higher than T3, the first retractable heat insulation baffle 6 returns to the battery support 41.

[0083] Step 3: The first sub-module controller, the second sub-module controller, and the third sub-module controller transmit the calculated control signals to the main-module controller. The main-module controller performs secondary correction according to the signals. For example, when the battery temperature T_B < T1, it means that the battery temperature is in an extremely low state at this time and the battery needs to be heated. At this time, the adjustment distance of the spacing adjuster 7 is set to 0, that is, the two surfaces are in contact, so as to heat the fan-shaped battery pack 4 to the maximum extent.

[0084] Step 4: The main-module controller transmits the control signal to the actuator through the signal transmission channel, and finally realizes the response of each actuator to the control signal.

[0085] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent substitutions or changes according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention. These simple variations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0086] In addition, it should be noted that, in the case of no contradiction, the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable way. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not separately describe various possible combination methods.

[0087] In addition, any combination can be made between various different embodiments of the present invention, as long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention, it should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery heating system, characterized in that, The device includes an insulation layer (1), an external heat exchange liquid layer (2), a heat storage liquid (3), a fan-shaped battery pack, an internal heat exchange liquid layer (5), a retractable heat insulation baffle (6), and a spacing adjuster (7). The internal heat exchange liquid layer (5) is fixed to the upper surface of the exhaust pipe (14). The fan-shaped battery pack, the external heat exchange liquid layer (2), and the insulation layer (1) are fixed sequentially above the internal heat exchange liquid layer (5). The heat storage liquid (3) covers the fan-shaped battery pack and evenly transfers heat to it. One end of the spacing adjuster (7) is fixedly connected to the fan-shaped battery pack and is used to adjust the distance between the fan-shaped battery pack and the internal heat exchange liquid layer (5). The fan-shaped battery pack is equipped with a retractable heat insulation baffle (6). The internal heat exchange liquid layer (5), the retractable heat insulation baffle (6), and the spacing adjuster (7) are connected to a controller. The heat storage liquid (3) has a built-in heating device, which is connected to a charging pile. The heat storage liquid (3) is a crystallizable liquid with a large specific heat capacity. Liquid; the external heat exchange liquid layer (2) is connected to the controlled b end of the solenoid valve (8); the a end of the solenoid valve (8) is connected to the heater core (9); the heater core (9) is connected to the water pump (10); the c end of the solenoid valve (8) is connected to the thermostat (11); the thermostat (11) is connected to the radiator (12); the water pump (10), the internal heat exchange liquid layer (5), and the radiator (12) are all connected to the engine water jacket (13); the engine water jacket (13) The temperature sensor is connected to the controller; the controller is connected to the b end of the solenoid valve (8); the fan-shaped battery pack includes a battery bracket (41), a fan-shaped cell (42) and an external insulating protective layer (43); the battery bracket (41) and the fan-shaped cell (42) are an integral structure; the bottom of the fan-shaped cell (42) is arranged in a ring around the surface of the battery bracket (41); the upper part of the fan-shaped cell (42) is provided with an external insulating protective layer (43).

2. The battery heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the fan-shaped battery pack and the surface of the internal heat exchange liquid layer (5) are in complete contact.

3. The battery heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery bracket (41) has a built-in retractable heat insulation baffle (6) to isolate the heat transfer between the exhaust pipe (14) and the fan-shaped battery cell (42); the retractable heat insulation baffle (6) is divided into three layers, which are connected to the controller respectively; the controller transmits the control signal to the retractable heat insulation baffle (6), and the retractable heat insulation baffle (6) is inserted into the battery bracket (41) to isolate the heat transfer of the exhaust pipe (14).

4. A battery heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spacing adjuster (7) includes an upper rod (71), a lower rod (72), a spring (73), a sealed piston (74), and a filling liquid (75); the upper end of the upper rod (71) is fixedly connected to the battery bracket (41); the lower end of the upper rod (71) is sleeved inside the lower rod (72); the filling liquid (75) is arranged at the bottom of the lower rod (72); the sealed piston (74) is arranged above the filling liquid (75); the upper part of the sealed piston (74) contacts one end of the spring (73); the other end of the spring (73) is connected to the upper rod (71); by controlling the filling amount of the filling liquid (75), the upper rod (71) and the battery bracket (41) are moved, so as to adjust the distance between the sector battery pack and the internal heat exchange liquid layer (5); the controller controls the filling amount of the filling liquid (75), moves the sealed piston (74) and the spring (73) through the filling amount of the filling liquid (75), and the upper rod (71) and the battery bracket (41) are moved by the traction of the spring (73), so as to adjust the spacing between the sector battery pack and the internal heat exchange liquid layer (5), and adjust the magnitude of heat transfer between the two.

5. A battery heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid flow directions in the internal heat exchange liquid layer (5) and the external heat exchange liquid layer (2) are the same.

6. A battery heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The controller includes a main module controller, a first sub-module controller, a second sub-module controller, and a third sub-module controller; the first sub-module controller is used to calculate the size to be adjusted by the spacing adjuster (7), and linearly interpolate in LookupTable1 according to the signal input by the sensor to obtain the required adjustment gap; the second sub-module controller is used to calculate the required heating power of the heating device, and linearly interpolate in LookupTable2 to obtain the required heating power; the third sub-module controller is used to calculate the required number of layers of the retractable heat insulation baffle (6); the main module controller is used to receive the control signals after the first sub-module controller, the second sub-module controller, and the third sub-module controller complete the calculation, and perform secondary correction according to the signals. When the battery temperature T_B < T1, it indicates that the battery temperature is in an extremely low state at this time and the battery needs to be heated. At this time, the adjustment distance of the spacing adjuster (7) is set to 0, that is, the two surfaces are in contact, and the sector battery pack is heated to the maximum extent, and the control signal is transmitted to the actuator, and finally each actuator responds to the control signal.

7. A battery heating method, implemented by the battery heating system of claim 6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect the battery temperature T_B, the ambient wind speed S_W, and the ambient temperature T_E through sensors, and input the collected battery temperature T_B, the ambient wind speed S_W, and the ambient temperature T_E into the sub-module controller through the signal transmission channel; Step 2: After the signal is transmitted to the sub-module controller, the received signal is immediately calculated. Among them, the first sub-module controller calculates the size that the spacing regulator (7) needs to adjust, and linearly interpolates in LookupTable1 according to the signal input by the sensor to obtain the required adjusted gap; the second sub-module controller calculates the required heating power of the heating device, and linearly interpolates in LookupTable2 to obtain the required heating power; the third sub-module controller calculates the required number of layers of the retractable heat insulation baffle (6), and performs deadband control according to the input signal. When the temperature is lower than T2, the first retractable heat insulation plate leaves the battery bracket (41). When the temperature is higher than T3, the first retractable heat insulation plate returns to the battery bracket (41). Step 3: The first sub-module controller, the second sub-module controller, and the third sub-module controller transmit the calculated control signals to the main module controller. The main module controller performs secondary correction according to the signals. When the battery temperature T_B < T1, it means that the battery temperature is in an extremely low state at this time, and the battery needs to be heated. At this time, the adjustment distance of the spacing regulator (7) is set to 0, that is, the two surfaces are in contact, so as to heat the fan-shaped battery pack to the maximum extent. Step 4: The main module controller transmits the control signals to the actuator through the signal transmission channel, and finally realizes the response of each actuator to the control signals.

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