A slot antenna for a global positioning system and an electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a slot antenna of a global positioning system and electronic equipment, the slot antenna comprises: a first metal segment, a first position of the first metal segment is grounded; a second metal segment, the second metal segment has a slot between the first metal segment, a second position of the second metal segment is connected to a feed point of the slot antenna; a third metal segment, the third metal segment intersects with the second metal segment; a third position of the third metal segment is grounded through a capacitor; wherein the first metal segment, the second metal segment and the third metal segment belong to a metal frame of the electronic equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to a Global Position System (GPS) antenna and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the related art, a GPS antenna is arranged on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), and the radiation direction of electromagnetic waves of a radiator is adjusted through a radiation sheet. However, the installation environment of the PCB makes the space where the GPS antenna is located relatively narrow, and it is difficult to implement a large reflector due to the blockage of large-size components in the structure stack, the adjustment of the radiation direction is limited, and the performance of the GPS antenna needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0003] Embodiments of the present application aim to provide a slot antenna of a Global Position System and an electronic device.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a slot antenna of a Global Position System, comprising:

[0005] a first metal segment, a first position of the first metal segment being grounded;

[0006] a second metal segment, the second metal segment having a slot with the first metal segment, a second position of the second metal segment being connected to a feed point of the slot antenna;

[0007] a third metal segment, the third metal segment intersecting the second metal segment, a third position of the third metal segment being grounded through a capacitor;

[0008] wherein the first metal segment, the second metal segment, and the third metal segment belong to a metal frame of an electronic device.

[0009] In some embodiments, the radiator of the slot antenna comprises:

[0010] a first radiator, the first radiator being a metal part of the first metal segment from the first position to the slot;

[0011] a second radiator, the second radiator being a metal part of the second metal segment from the slot to an intersection point, the intersection point being a point where the third metal segment intersects the second metal segment;

[0012] a third radiator, the third radiator being a metal part of the third metal segment from the intersection point to the third position.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the case that the slot antenna is excited, the electric field at the slot is stronger than the electric field at any point on the first metal segment and the electric field at any point on the second metal segment, the direction of the electric field at the slot is parallel to the first metal segment and the second metal segment, the direction of the electric field at any point on the first metal segment is perpendicular to the first metal segment, and the direction of the electric field at any point on the second metal segment is perpendicular to the second metal segment.

[0014] In some embodiments, in the case that the slot antenna is excited, the slot antenna forms a loop current, the loop current path enters the second radiator, the third radiator, the capacitor, the edge of the metal sheet as the ground of the electronic device from the feeding point, enters the first radiator, the slot and the second radiator through the ground on the first radiator.

[0015] In some embodiments, the ground is located in the middle of the first side of the metal frame.

[0016] In some embodiments, the slot is located at one quarter of the first side.

[0017] In some embodiments, the slot antenna further comprises:

[0018] a fourth radiator, the fourth radiator being a metal part of the third metal segment from the third position to another slot;

[0019] the length of the fourth radiator is less than one fourth of the wavelength of the corresponding operating frequency of the slot antenna; and

[0020] the length of the fourth radiator is less than the length from the third position to the slot on the metal frame.

[0021] In some embodiments, the second position of the second metal segment is close to the slot.

[0022] In some embodiments, the third position of the third metal segment is close to the edge corner of the metal frame where the slot antenna is located.

[0023] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, comprising a metal frame; the metal frame comprises first to third metal segments;

[0024] the first metal segment has a first position connected to the ground;

[0025] the second metal segment has a slot with the first metal segment, and the second metal segment has a second position connected to a feeding point of the slot antenna;

[0026] a third metal segment intersecting the second metal segment; a third position of the third metal segment being grounded through a capacitor.

[0027] In the embodiments of the present application, the first position of the first metal segment is grounded, a slot is arranged between the second metal segment and the first metal segment, the second position of the second metal segment is connected to a feed point of the slot antenna, the third metal segment intersects the second metal segment, and the third position of the third metal segment is grounded through a capacitor. Through the structure, the slot antenna can excite a ring current of one wavelength, form a difference mode signal of odd symmetry, and the energy ratio of the upper hemisphere of the antenna is relatively high, that is, the performance of the antenna is relatively good.

[0028] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, rather than limiting the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings incorporated into the specification and forming a part of the specification, show embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification, serve to explain the technical solutions of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a slot structure provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2a A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the third metal segment and the second metal segment provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2b Another schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the third metal segment and the second metal segment provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a slot antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of a slot antenna in an excited state provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of a slot antenna in an excited state provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the GPS direction of a slot antenna in an excited state provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of an electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the related application, and not to limit the application. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the application are shown in the drawings.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application only, and is not intended to limit the present application.

[0040] In the following description, “some embodiments” are related to a subset of all possible embodiments, but it can be understood that “some embodiments” can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms “first”, “second”, “third” involved in the embodiments of the present application are only used to distinguish similar objects, and do not represent the specific order of the objects. It can be understood that “first”, “second”, “third” can be interchanged in specific order or sequence as allowed, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0042] The GPS antenna usually requires that the antenna pattern of the device for receiving GPS signals points to the zenith direction in the positioning or navigation process. The upper hemisphere energy ratio is a parameter representing this performance.

[0043] At present, the GPS antenna of most handheld terminal devices is arranged on a PCB, and a flexible printed circuit (FPC) is combined to improve the performance of the GPS antenna. However, this scheme needs to be repeatedly debugged, and the wiring of the GPS antenna is limited by the material of the PCB, so that the upper hemisphere energy ratio of the GPS antenna cannot be significantly greater than half of the omnidirectional efficiency, thereby limiting the further improvement of the performance of the GPS antenna.

[0044] In some embodiments, the radiation direction of electromagnetic waves of the radiator is adjusted by the reflector. For example, for a GPS antenna comprising a printed circuit (PCB) board, a reflector, an antenna feed point, an antenna feed point and a radiator, wherein the antenna feed point and the antenna feed point are electrically connected with the radiator; the antenna feed point and the antenna feed point are located on the front surface of the PCB board, and the reflector is located on the back surface of the PCB board. Due to the small space of the reflector, it is difficult to implement a large reflector due to the blocking of large-size components in the structure stack, and the effect is greatly limited.

[0045] Based on the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a slot antenna of a global positioning system, which can be applied to an electronic device; as shown in the figure, Figure 1 The slot antenna 10 comprises:

[0046] A first metal segment 11, a first position of the first metal segment 11 is grounded;

[0047] A second metal segment 12, the second metal segment 12 has a slot 13 between the first metal segment 11, and a second position of the second metal segment 12 is connected to a feed point 14 of the slot antenna;

[0048] A third metal segment 15, the third metal segment 15 intersects with the second metal segment 12; a third position of the third metal segment 15 is grounded through a capacitor 16;

[0049] Wherein, the first metal segment 11, the second metal segment 12 and the third metal segment 15 belong to a metal frame of the electronic device.

[0050] Here, the electronic device is not specifically limited, and the electronic device can be a terminal, which can be implemented by a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone, an iPad, a notebook computer and other mobile terminals with wireless communication capability. It can be understood that according to the communication function of the mobile terminal, different communication function mobile terminals are installed with antenna structures working in different frequency bands.

[0051] In an embodiment, the slot antenna 10 can be part of a metal frame. Because the slot antenna 10 is provided with a slot, it is called a slot antenna.

[0052] In some possible embodiments, the first position of the first metal segment 11 can be the end of the first metal segment 11. Here, the first position of the first metal segment 11 can be directly connected to other metal segments in the metal middle frame. For example, the first position of the first metal segment 11 can be directly connected to a ground metal segment; the ground metal segment can be a ground metal segment corresponding to the front camera position of the terminal device in the metal frame.

[0053] It can be understood that the ground in the embodiments of the present application can be a ground layer of a PCB of an electronic device.

[0054] In some possible implementation manners, the second metal segment 12 can be located at a corner position of a metal frame of an electronic device; correspondingly, the shape of the second metal segment 12 can be an inverted L shape at this time.

[0055] In a possible implementation manner, the feed point 14 of the slot antenna refers to a signal feeding position of each metal segment of the slot antenna 10, which provides an input signal to the slot antenna 10.

[0056] In a possible implementation manner, the third metal segment 15 intersects with the second metal segment 12 in at least two cases as follows:

[0057] Case 1: The third metal segment 15 can be a metal segment partially coinciding with the second metal segment 12, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein the overlapping part of the third metal segment 15 and the second metal segment 12 is 20. Figure 2a

[0058] Case 2: The third metal segment 15 can be connected with the second metal segment 12 at a third position of the third metal segment 15, as shown in FIG. 2. Figure 2b

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, the first position of the first metal segment is grounded, a slot is arranged between the second metal segment and the first metal segment, the second position of the second metal segment is connected with the feed point of the slot antenna, the third metal segment intersects with the second metal segment, and the third position of the third metal segment is grounded through a capacitor. Through the structure, the slot antenna can excite a ring-shaped current of one wavelength, form a difference mode signal of odd symmetry, and the energy ratio of the upper hemisphere of the antenna is relatively high, that is, the performance of the antenna is relatively good.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, the radiator of the slot antenna includes:

[0061] The first radiator is a metal part of the first metal segment 11 from the first position to the slot 13;

[0062] The second radiator is a metal part of the second metal segment 12 from the slot 13 to an intersection point, the intersection point being a point where the third metal segment 15 intersects with the second metal segment 12;

[0063] The third radiator is a metal part of the third metal segment 15 from the intersection point to the third position.

[0064] ​​In the embodiment of the present application, in the case of exciting the slot antenna 10, the electric field at the slot 13 is superior to the electric field at any point on the first metal segment 11 and the electric field at any point on the second metal segment 12, the direction of the electric field at the slot 13 is parallel to the first metal segment 11 and the second metal segment 12, the direction of the electric field at any point on the first metal segment 11 is perpendicular to the first metal segment 11, and the direction of the electric field at any point on the second metal segment 12 is perpendicular to the second metal segment 12.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, in the case of exciting the slot antenna 10, the slot antenna 10 forms a loop current, the loop current path enters the second radiator 12, the third radiator 15, the capacitor 16, the edge of the metal sheet as the ground of the electronic device from the feeding point, enters the first radiator, the slot 13 and the second radiator 12 through the ground on the first radiator.

[0066] Here, the metal sheet of the ground of the electronic device can be the ground layer of the PCB of the electronic device; the ground of the first radiator is connected with the ground metal segment corresponding to the front camera position of the terminal device in the metal frame.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the ground is located in the middle of the first side of the metal frame.

[0068] Here, the first side of the metal frame refers to the upper frame of the metal frame from the user side in the case that the electronic device is a mobile terminal and the mobile terminal faces the user; in the case that the electronic device is a mobile terminal, the first side of the metal frame refers to the short side close to the camera of the mobile terminal.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, the slot 13 is located at one quarter of the first side.

[0070] Here, the width of the slot 13 is not greater than 1.8 mm (millimeter).

[0071] It can be understood that, in order to excite the GPS mode, the slot 13 must be arranged in the slot antenna 10 according to the boundary condition of Maxwell equations.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, the slot antenna 10 further comprises: a fourth radiator, the fourth radiator is the metal part of the third metal segment 15 from the third position to another slot 17;

[0073] The length of the fourth radiator is less than one quarter of the wavelength of the working frequency corresponding to the slot antenna 10; and

[0074] The length of the fourth radiator is less than the length from the third position on the metal frame to the slot 13.

[0075] Here, the signal wavelength λ of the slot antenna 10 corresponding to the operating frequency is g which can be expressed as:

[0076] (1) ;

[0077] where λ0 is the wavelength in free space; ε r is the dielectric constant of a printed circuit board (PCB) ; ; C is the speed of light; and f is the operating frequency of the second antenna.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, the second position of the second metal segment 12 is close to the slot 13. It can be understood that the second position of the second metal segment 12 is the signal feeding position of the slot antenna, and the closer the signal feeding position of the slot antenna is to the slot 13, the stronger the electric field formed at the slot 13.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present application, the third position of the third metal segment 15 is close to the corner of the metal frame where the slot antenna 10 is located.

[0080] In a possible implementation, the corner of the metal frame where the slot antenna 10 is located can be the upper left corner of the metal frame as viewed from the user side when the electronic device is a mobile terminal and the mobile terminal is facing the user.

[0081] Since the third position of the third metal segment 15 is grounded through the capacitor 16, the capacitor 16 is close to the corner of the metal frame where the slot antenna 10 is located.

[0082] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 3, which includes a parasitic branch 301, a first slot 302, a grounding capacitor Cp, a matching branch 303, a capacitive feeding network 304, and a second slot 305. Figure 3

[0083] The main features of each component are as follows:

[0084] 1) The electrical size of the parasitic branch 301 should be less than that of the main radiation branch (from the first slot 302 to the second slot 305), otherwise there will be a dip in the radiation efficiency;

[0085] ​2) The gap 302 must exist in order to excite the GPS mode; the width of the gap 302 is no more than 1.8mm, and the position of the gap 302 should be close to 1 / 4 of the width of the body; that is, 1 / 4 of the short side of the electronic device.

[0086] 3) The forward-facing grounding stub 306 needs to be located in the middle position;

[0087] 4) The distance between the feed position 307 and the gap 302 is approximately 1 / 4 wavelength (freq=2.45GHz), ensuring high efficiency for WiFi 2.4GHz. Furthermore, the feed method is capacitive feed 308, i.e., a series capacitor connection. The capacitive feed 308 is an enlarged diagram of the capacitive feed network 304. It can be seen that the capacitive feed 308 provides the signal source to the gap slot antenna through a series branch formed by the signal source and the capacitor connected in series.

[0088] 5) This application is not sensitive to the grounding capacitance Cp value; Cp only affects the position of the GPS Smith chart but does not change the peak efficiency. However, it is sensitive to the position of Cp, as the position of Cp affects cross-polarization, causing pattern distortion, and the position should be closer to the corners.

[0089] On the other hand, Cp, the L-shaped stub, and the feed form an even-symmetric common-mode signal on the inner wall of the mid-frame antenna, further enhancing the horizontal current.

[0090] 6) Matching stub 303 is from the fracture to Cp; matching stub 303 is used to adjust the matching and increase the electrical size. The electrical size of matching stub 303 should be less than 1 / 4 wavelength (freq=1.575GHz) and also less than the size between Cp and fracture 302.

[0091] 7) The embodiments of this application have low sensitivity to airspace, and the smaller the airspace, the higher the radiation efficiency.

[0092] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of a slot antenna under excitation conditions, provided as an embodiment of this application, is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the slot antenna generates a loop current under excitation. The path of the loop current is from the feed point 401 of the slot antenna to the upper left corner of the metal frame (corresponding to...). Figure 1 The second radiator in the middle), then down along the metal frame (entering the corresponding Figure 1 The third radiator in the middle) continues until the feed point 402 of the connected capacitor, then enters the edge of the ground layer through the capacitor, and then passes through the ground terminal in the middle of the metal frame (corresponding to the connection). Figure 3 The ground of the first radiator of the front-facing grounding stub 306 enters the metal frame (corresponding to...) Figure 1 The first radiator in the middle), finally passing through the fracture (corresponding toFigure 1 the slot 13 or Figure 3 the slot 302) to the feed point 401 of the second radiator slot antenna.

[0093] It can be understood that, due to the existence of the slot 302 in the slot antenna, the slot antenna can form a loop current as shown in Figure 4 , and the loop current is an odd-symmetry differential mode signal, which changes the boundary condition. Here, the wavelength of the loop current is one wavelength (freq = 1.575 GHz).

[0094] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of a slot antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application under excitation is shown in Figure 5 , the outer surface current at the slot 50 of the slot antenna under excitation is zero, and the inner wall current is not zero, the electric field is the strongest and the direction is parallel to the metal middle frame, and the rest is perpendicular to the metal middle frame.

[0095] That is, the electric field at the third slot 50 is better than the electric field at any point on the first metal segment and the electric field at any point on the second metal segment, the direction of the electric field at the slot 50 is parallel to the first metal segment and the second metal segment, the direction of the electric field at any point on the first metal segment is perpendicular to the first metal segment, and the direction of the electric field at any point on the second metal segment is perpendicular to the second metal segment.

[0096] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the slot direction of a slot antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application under excitation is shown in Figure 6 , the radiation energy of the slot antenna is concentrated in the upper hemisphere, and the radiation energy at 601 is the strongest.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, the upper hemisphere energy ratio of the slot antenna is greater than 70%, while the upper hemisphere energy ratio of the slot antenna in the industry can only be close to 50%, and the upper hemisphere energy ratio is greatly improved. At the same time, the radiation efficiency is also greatly improved.

[0098] On the basis of the above embodiment, an electronic device is provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 7 , the electronic device includes a metal frame 70; the metal frame 70 includes a first metal segment 701, a second metal segment 702 and a third metal segment 703;

[0099] The first metal segment 701, the first position of the first metal segment 701 is grounded 706;

[0100] a second metal segment 702 having a gap 704 with the first metal segment 701, a second position of the second metal segment 702 connecting a feed point 705 of the slot antenna;

[0101] a third metal segment 703 intersecting the second metal segment 702, a third position of the third metal segment 703 being grounded through a capacitor Cp 706.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present application, the metal frame 70 in the electronic device includes the part corresponding to the black bold body.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, the radiator of the slot antenna includes:

[0104] a first radiator being a metal part of the first metal segment 701 from the first position to the gap 704;

[0105] a second radiator being a metal part of the second metal segment 702 from the gap 704 to an intersection point, the intersection point being a point where the third metal segment 703 intersects the second metal segment 702;

[0106] a third radiator being a metal part of the third metal segment 703 from the intersection point to the third position.

[0107] The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The methods disclosed in the several method embodiments provided by the present disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict, to obtain new method embodiments. The features disclosed in the several product embodiments provided by the present disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict, to obtain new product embodiments. The features disclosed in the several method or device embodiments provided by the present disclosure can be combined arbitrarily without conflict, to obtain new method or device embodiments.

[0108] The above is merely specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A slot antenna for a global positioning system, characterized by, The antenna comprises: a first metal segment, a first position of the first metal segment being grounded; a second metal segment, a gap being between the first metal segment and the second metal segment, a second position of the second metal segment connecting the gap, a feed point of the slot antenna, the feed point being close to the gap; a third metal segment, the third metal segment intersecting the second metal segment, a third position of the third metal segment being grounded through a capacitor Cp, the third metal segment being divided into an upper part and a lower part from the third position; wherein the first metal segment, the second metal segment and the third metal segment belong to a metal frame of an electronic device, the slot antenna excites a mode of a global positioning system, so that a ring current is formed on the electronic device; the capacitor Cp and the second metal segment and the third metal segment form an L-shaped branch, and the feed point forms a common mode signal with the inner wall of the middle frame antenna to improve the horizontal direction current.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator of the slot antenna comprises: a first radiator, the first radiator being a metal part of the first metal segment from the first position to the gap; a second radiator, the second radiator being a metal part of the second metal segment from the gap to an intersection point, the intersection point being a point where the third metal segment intersects the second metal segment; a third radiator, the third radiator being a metal part of the third metal segment from the intersection point to the third position.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, In the case of exciting the slot antenna, the electric field at the gap is better than the electric field at any point on the first metal segment and the electric field at any point on the second metal segment, the direction of the electric field at the gap is parallel to the first metal segment and the second metal segment, the direction of the electric field at any point on the first metal segment is perpendicular to the first metal segment, and the direction of the electric field at any point on the second metal segment is perpendicular to the second metal segment.

4. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, In the case of exciting the slot antenna, the slot antenna forms the ring current, the path of the ring current enters the second radiator from the feed point, the third radiator, the capacitor, the edge of the metal sheet as the ground of the electronic device, enters the first radiator through the ground on the first radiator, the gap and the second radiator.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The ground is located in the middle of the first side of the metal frame.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The gap is located at a quarter of the first side.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The slot antenna further comprises: a fourth radiator, the fourth radiator being a metal part of the third metal segment from the third position to another gap; the length of the fourth radiator is less than one quarter of the wavelength of the corresponding operating frequency of the slot antenna; and the length of the fourth radiator is less than the length from the third position to the gap on the metal frame.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The second position of the second metal segment is close to the gap.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The third position of the third metal segment is close to the edge corner of the metal frame where the slot antenna is located.

10. An electronic device, comprising: The metal frame comprises first to third metal segments. A first metal segment, a first position of the first metal segment is grounded; A second metal segment, a gap is between the first metal segment and the second metal segment, a second position of the second metal segment is connected to a feed point of a slot antenna of a global positioning system, the feed point is close to the gap; A third metal segment, the third metal segment intersects with the second metal segment, a third position of the third metal segment is grounded through a capacitor Cp, the third metal segment is divided into an upper part and a lower part from the third position; Wherein, the slot antenna excites a mode of the global positioning system, so that a ring current is formed on the electronic device; the capacitor Cp and the second metal segment and the third metal segment form an L-shaped branch, and the feed point forms a common mode signal with the even symmetry in the inner wall of the middle frame antenna to improve the horizontal direction current.

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