Lithium battery material decomposing machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of battery recycling technology, and in particular to a lithium battery material decomposition machine. The lithium battery material decomposition machine includes a housing, a rotor, an impeller, and a drive unit. The housing has an internal cavity, and its surface has an inlet and an outlet communicating with the cavity. The inner wall of the housing has several protrusions. The rotor includes a shaft, a partition, several disks, and several blades. The shaft is rotatably connected to the housing. The partition is mounted on the shaft and divides the cavity into several chambers. Each chamber houses one disk and several blades fixed to the disk. The disks are mounted on the shaft. A gap is formed between the edge of the partition away from the shaft axis and the protrusions, connecting the several chambers. The impeller generates airflow from the inlet to the outlet. The drive unit drives the rotor and impeller to rotate. That is, this embodiment of the invention improves the efficiency of lithium battery material decomposition through the design of multiple chambers and blades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery recycling technology, and in particular to a lithium battery material decomposition machine. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, due to their numerous advantages, are now widely used in mobile phones, electric vehicles, automobiles, and other applications. However, if used batteries are not recycled and reused, the development of batteries will damage the ecological environment and further harm the healthy development of human society.

[0003] When dismantling used batteries, they are generally broken down into black powder, copper, iron, and aluminum, with black powder particles typically reaching 10-12mm in size. Further refining is desired, ideally reducing them to powder form for better extraction of copper and aluminum. Currently, many crushing devices for copper and aluminum particles exist on the market. These devices utilize a combination of high-speed rotating blades and stationary blades with gaps between them, causing the particles to abrade and thus achieving crushing. Screens are also included to filter the particle size. In current technology, a particle size of 3-4mm is already considered the limit for crushed output. Another method is grinding copper and aluminum particles, but while this method can produce very fine particles, it is extremely inefficient, yielding only about 500 kg per hour. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lithium battery material decomposition machine to improve the efficiency of lithium battery material decomposition.

[0005] A lithium battery material decomposition machine is provided, comprising a housing, a rotor, an impeller, and a drive device. The housing has an internal cavity, and its surface has an inlet and an outlet communicating with the cavity. The inner wall of the housing has several protrusions. The rotor includes a shaft, a partition, several disks, and several blades. The shaft is rotatably connected to the housing. The partition is mounted on the shaft and divides the cavity into several chambers. Each chamber houses one disk and several blades fixed to the disk. The disks are mounted on the shaft and coaxially with it. The blades are spaced apart from the center of the disks. There is a certain distance between one end of the rotating shaft and the protrusion. The edge of the partition away from the axis of the rotating shaft is provided with a gap between it and the protrusion. The gap connects several chambers. The impeller is coaxially arranged with the rotor. The feed inlet is located close to the impeller. The discharge outlet is located at the end of the housing away from the impeller. Several chambers are located between the feed inlet and the discharge outlet. The feed inlet, several chambers and the discharge outlet form an airflow channel. The impeller is used to generate airflow from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet. The driving device is used to drive the rotor and the impeller to rotate.

[0006] Optionally, the partition plate is provided with a through hole, the rotating shaft passes through the through hole, and the through hole connects to several of the chambers.

[0007] Optionally, the protrusion is strip-shaped, extends through several of the chambers, and is arranged parallel to the rotating shaft; the protrusion is distributed at equal angles around the axis of the housing on the inner wall of the housing.

[0008] Optionally, the protrusion faces the surface of the blade with a circular arc transition.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of the disks are arranged at equal intervals on the rotating shaft; a plurality of the blades are arranged at equal angles on the disks.

[0010] Optionally, several blades on adjacent disks are staggered.

[0011] Optionally, the blade includes a first blade and a second blade, the first blade is mounted on the disk, the second blade is detachably mounted on the first blade, and the distance between the end of the second blade away from the axis of rotation and the protrusion is less than the distance between the end of the first blade away from the axis of rotation and the protrusion.

[0012] Optionally, several second leaves are mounted on the same side of several first leaves; the distance between the end of several second leaves away from the axis of rotation and the protrusion is the same.

[0013] Optionally, the impeller is located near the edge of the chamber, and the feed inlet is located at the top of the impeller.

[0014] Optionally, the partition closest to the discharge port has a plurality of scraper blades on the side away from the impeller, and the scraper blades are distributed at equal angles around the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the lithium battery material decomposition machine of this invention has the following advantages:

[0016] The lithium battery material splitting machine includes a housing, a rotor, an impeller, and a drive unit. The casing has an internal cavity, and its surface has an inlet and an outlet communicating with the cavity. The inner wall of the casing has several protrusions. The rotor includes a shaft, a partition, several disks, and several blades. The shaft is rotatably connected to the casing. The partition is mounted on the shaft and divides the cavity into several chambers. Each chamber houses a disk and several blades fixed to the disk. The disk is mounted on the shaft and is coaxial with it. Several blades are spaced around the center of the disk. The end of the blade facing away from the shaft is at a certain distance from the protrusions. The edge of the partition facing away from the shaft axis has a gap between it and the protrusions, which connects the several chambers. The impeller is coaxial with the rotor. The inlet is located near the impeller, and the outlet is located at the end of the casing away from the impeller. Several chambers are located between the inlet and the outlet, forming an airflow channel. The impeller generates airflow from the inlet to the outlet. A drive unit drives the rotor and impeller to rotate.

[0017] When the drive unit is turned on, the rotor and impeller rotate. Material particles are poured into the feed inlet, and driven by the airflow generated by the impeller, the particles move towards the discharge outlet. During this movement, the particles pass through several chambers, where blades agitate them. Multiple chambers perform multi-stage agitation, reducing the particle diameter from large to small. This agitation process is the particle crushing process. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention improves the efficiency of lithium battery material decomposition through the design of multiple chambers and blades. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lithium battery material decomposition machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a lithium battery material decomposition machine.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a lithium battery material decomposition machine.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a side cross-sectional view of a lithium battery material decomposition machine.

[0022] In the diagram, 100 is the shell; 101 is the cavity; 102 is the inlet; 103 is the outlet; 104 is the chamber; 105 is the gap; and 110 is the protrusion.

[0023] 200, Rotor; 210, Shaft; 220, Partition; 221, Through hole; 222, Scraper; 230, Disc; 240, Blade; 241, First blade; 242, Second blade;

[0024] 300. Impeller;

[0025] 400. Drive device. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] Please refer to this as well. Figure 1-4 The document provides schematic diagrams, longitudinal sectional views, transverse sectional views, and side sectional views of the lithium battery material decomposition machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. This lithium battery material decomposition machine includes a housing 100, a rotor 200, an impeller 300, and a drive unit. The housing 100 is the foundation of the equipment. The rotor 200 mainly functions to beat the battery material particles. The impeller 300 generates aerodynamics, and the drive unit drives the rotor 200 and the impeller 300. The individual components will be described in detail below.

[0030] Regarding the housing 100, an internal cavity 101 is provided. The surface of the housing 100 has an inlet 102 and an outlet 103 communicating with the cavity 101. The inner wall of the housing 100 has several protrusions 110. These protrusions 110 are used to cooperate with the rotor 200 to refine the material. Preferably, the protrusions 110 are distributed in a strip shape within the cavity 101, penetrating several cavities 101, and are arranged parallel to the axis of the rotor 200. More preferably, the protrusions 110 are distributed at equal angles around the axis of the housing 100 on the inner wall of the housing 100, forming grooves between the protrusions 110, which can be used to accommodate material particles. Simultaneously, the particles in the grooves move towards the outlet 103 with the airflow. To prevent particles from getting stuck between the rotor 200 and the protrusions 110, not only is there a gap between the protrusions 110 and the rotor 200, but the surface of the protrusions 110 facing the rotor 200 is also designed with a rounded transition.

[0031] The rotor 200 includes a shaft 210, a partition 220, several disks 230, and several blades 240. The shaft 210 is rotatably connected to the housing 100. The partition 220 is mounted on the shaft 210 and divides the cavity 101 into several chambers 104, each chamber 104 housing a disk 230 and several blades 240 fixed on the disk 230. The disk 230 is mounted on the shaft 210 and is coaxial with the shaft 210. The several blades 240 are spaced around the center of the disk 230. To prevent the rotation of the blades 240 from interfering with the protrusions 110, a certain distance is maintained between the end of the blades 240 facing away from the shaft 210 and the protrusions 110. Similarly, to prevent the rotation of the partition 220 from interfering with the protrusions 110, a gap 105 is provided between the edge of the partition 220 facing away from the axis of the shaft 210 and the protrusions 110. The gap 105 connects several chambers 104, and material particles can flow into each chamber 104 through the gap 105.

[0032] It is worth mentioning that, in order to make the airflow effect of carrying material particles more significant, a through hole 221 is provided on the partition 220, and the rotating shaft 210 passes through the through hole 221. The through hole 221 also serves to connect several chambers 104. The material can flow through the various chambers 104 not only through the gap 105, but also through the through hole 221. In this way, an airflow channel of several chambers 104 is formed between the feed inlet 102 and the discharge outlet 103.

[0033] For ease of installation and rotational balance, several discs 230 are evenly spaced on the rotating shaft 210, and several blades 240 are evenly spaced on the discs 230. In this embodiment, there are 8 chambers 104. Except for the chamber 104 near the discharge port 103, the 7 chambers 104 correspond to 7 discs 230, and there are 7 groups of blades 240, with 12 blades in each group, and each blade 240 is spaced 30 degrees apart. For better grinding effect, the blades 240 between adjacent discs 230 can be staggered, resulting in 24 blades 240 distributed in one chamber 104. This is approximately equivalent to each blade 240 being spaced 15 degrees apart. The finer the arrangement of the blades 240, the smaller the particles after being struck by the blades, and the more thoroughly the material is decomposed.

[0034] Further, the blade 240 includes a first blade 241 and a second blade 242. The first blade 241 is mounted on the disk 230, and the second blade 242 is detachably mounted on the first blade 241. In this embodiment, a threaded connection is used; in other embodiments, riveting or other methods may also be used. The second blade 242 mainly functions to beat particles. After a period of use, pits may appear on its surface, so it can be replaced. In addition, the second blade 242 is closer to the protrusion 110 on the inner wall of the housing 100 than the first blade 241. Specifically, the distance between the end of the second blade 242 away from the axis of the rotating shaft 210 and the protrusion 110 is less than the distance between the end of the first blade 241 away from the axis of the rotating shaft 210 and the protrusion 110.

[0035] Furthermore, for the convenience of a unified design for the blades 240, several second blades 242 are mounted on the same side of several first blades 241, ensuring that the spacing angle between the several second blades 242 is the same. It is understandable that, based on the design of the unified blade 240 style, the distance between the end of several second blades 242 away from the axis of rotation 210 and the protrusion 110 is the same.

[0036] It is worth mentioning that the baffle 220 closest to the discharge port 103 has several scraper blades 222 on the side away from the impeller 300. The scraper blades 222 are distributed at equal angles around the axis of the rotating shaft 210. The scraper blades 222 have the function of collecting the beaten particles and discharging them out of the discharge port 103.

[0037] The impeller 300 is coaxially arranged with the rotor 200. The feed inlet 102 is located near the impeller 300, and the discharge outlet 103 is located at the end of the housing 100 away from the impeller 300. Several chambers 104 are located between the feed inlet 102 and the discharge outlet 103. The feed inlet 102, the chambers 104, and the discharge outlet 103 form an airflow channel, and the impeller 300 generates airflow from the feed inlet 102 to the discharge outlet 103. Preferably, the chambers 104 near the edge of the impeller 300 are located, and the feed inlet 102 is located at the top of the impeller 300. The walls of the space containing the impeller 300 are provided with wear-resistant plates, which to some extent resist material wear.

[0038] The drive unit 400 is used to drive the rotor 200 and impeller 300 to rotate. The drive unit 400 adopts a conventional design and can use a pulley to drive the rotor 200.

[0039] The usage process in this embodiment is as follows: The drive device is turned on, and the rotor and impeller rotate. Material particles are poured into the feed inlet. Driven by the airflow generated by the impeller, the particles move towards the discharge outlet. During this movement, the particles pass through several chambers. The first and second blades in each chamber beat the particles, with the second blade playing a more significant role. Multiple chambers perform multi-stage beating, reducing the particle diameter from large to small. The process of the blades beating the particles is the process of pulverizing them. Finally, the particles are collected by a scraper and discharged through the discharge outlet.

[0040] In summary, this invention utilizes a staggered blade arrangement design to repeatedly beat the material, ensuring that the diameter of the discharged particles meets requirements. The rotor speed also determines the particle size and discharge efficiency. Tests have shown that when the rotor speed is below 500 rpm, the discharged particles are 6-7 mm in size, with a discharge rate of 800 kg per hour; when the speed is between 500-100 rpm, the discharged particles are 4-5 mm in size, with a discharge rate of 1-1.2 tons per hour; and when the speed is at 1200 rpm, the discharged particles are less than 1 mm in size, with a discharge rate of 1.7-2 tons per hour.

[0041] It should be noted that while the preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided in the specification and accompanying drawings, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are not intended to impose additional limitations on the content of the present invention; their purpose is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present invention. Furthermore, the above-described technical features can be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, all of which are considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Moreover, those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery material decomposition machine, characterized in that, include: The shell has an internal cavity, and the surface of the shell has an inlet and an outlet that communicate with the cavity. The inner wall of the shell has several protrusions. The rotor includes a rotating shaft, a partition, several disks, and several blades. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the housing. The partition is mounted on the rotating shaft and divides the cavity into several chambers. Each chamber houses one disk and several blades fixed on the disk. The disk is mounted on the rotating shaft and is coaxial with the rotating shaft. Several blades are spaced around the center of the disk. There is a certain distance between the end of the blade away from the rotating shaft and the protrusion. A gap is provided between the edge of the partition away from the axis of the rotating shaft and the protrusion, and the gap connects the several chambers. An impeller is coaxially arranged with the rotor. The feed inlet is located close to the impeller, and the discharge outlet is located at the end of the housing away from the impeller. Several chambers are arranged between the feed inlet and the discharge outlet. The feed inlet, the several chambers, and the discharge outlet form an airflow channel. The impeller is used to generate airflow from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet. A drive device for driving the rotor and the impeller to rotate; The protrusions are strip-shaped, penetrate several of the chambers, and are arranged parallel to the rotating shaft; the protrusions are distributed at equal angles around the axis of the housing on the inner wall of the housing, and grooves are formed between the protrusions. The grooves can be used to accommodate material particles, and the particles in the grooves move towards the discharge port with the airflow.

2. The lithium battery material decomposition machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partition plate has a through hole, the rotating shaft passes through the through hole, and the through hole connects to several of the chambers.

3. The lithium battery material decomposition machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusion faces the surface of the blade with a rounded transition.

4. The lithium battery material decomposition machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several of the aforementioned disks are arranged at equal intervals on the rotating shaft; Several blades are arranged at equal angles on the disk.

5. The lithium battery material decomposition machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, Several blades on adjacent disks are staggered.

6. The lithium battery material decomposition machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade includes a first blade and a second blade. The first blade is mounted on the disk, and the second blade is detachably mounted on the first blade. The distance between the end of the second blade away from the axis of rotation and the protrusion is less than the distance between the end of the first blade away from the axis of rotation and the protrusion.

7. The lithium battery material decomposition machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, Several second leaves are mounted on the same side of several first leaves; The distance between the end of each of the second leaves furthest from the axis of rotation and the protrusion is the same.

8. The lithium battery material decomposition machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impeller is located in the chamber near its edge, and the feed inlet is located at the top of the impeller.

9. The lithium battery material decomposition machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partition closest to the discharge port has several scraper blades on the side away from the impeller, and the scraper blades are distributed at equal angles around the axis of the rotating shaft.

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