Small diameter drainage pipe shield machine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of pipe dredging equipment, and in particular, relates to a shield machine for small-diameter drainage pipes. The technology includes a casing and a drill bit. A driving mechanism is provided in the casing, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the drill bit to rotate. A partition is provided in the casing, and the partition divides the casing into a first chamber on the front side of the casing and a second chamber on the rear side of the casing. The rear end of the casing is connected to a water pipe interface and multiple reverse thrust nozzles extending backward, and the water pipe interface and the multiple reverse thrust nozzles are both connected to the second chamber; the driving mechanism is installed in the first chamber, and the driving mechanism is provided with a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft extends out of the casing and is connected to the center of the drill bit, and the end of the transmission shaft extending out of the center of the casing is provided with an axially extending blind hole, and the outer wall of the transmission shaft away from the drill bit is provided with a water inlet hole, and the water inlet hole is connected to the blind hole. The pipeline can be dredged without digging up the road surface, which reduces the construction workload and shortens the construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of pipeline dredging equipment, and in particular relates to a shield machine for small-diameter drainage pipelines. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of cities, underground pipelines are becoming outdated, and blockages in underground sewage pipes are a common occurrence in major cities. Currently, large-sized pipes are usually unblocked manually, with corresponding equipment to assist in the construction. However, there is no corresponding construction equipment for pipes with a diameter of less than 300mm. Small-diameter pipes often suffer from two diseases: collapse, which causes blockage within the pipe; and local compression and deformation of the top of the pipe, which causes the pipe diameter to decrease locally. For these two diseases, the road surface is usually dug up to unclog the pipe, which requires a large amount of work and a long construction period, and has a significant impact on the surrounding living environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above deficiencies in the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a small-diameter drainage pipe shield machine that can dredge the pipe without digging up the road surface, thereby reducing the construction workload, shortening the construction period, and thus reducing the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0004] The small-diameter drainage pipe shield machine includes a casing and a drill bit. A driving mechanism is provided in the casing, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the drill bit to rotate. A partition is provided in the casing, and the partition divides the casing into a first chamber on the front side of the casing and a second chamber on the rear side of the casing. The rear end of the casing is connected to a water pipe interface and a plurality of reverse thrust nozzles extending backward, and the water pipe interface and the plurality of reverse thrust nozzles are both connected to the second chamber; the driving mechanism is installed in the first chamber, and the driving mechanism is provided with a transmission shaft, one end of which extends out of the casing and connects to the drill bit. The drive shaft is connected at the center, and a blind hole extending axially is opened at one end of the drive shaft extending out of the center of the casing. A water inlet is opened on the outer wall of the drive shaft away from the drill bit, and the water inlet is connected to the blind hole. A collar is arranged on the outer cover of the drive shaft, and the collar is fixedly installed in the first chamber. The inner wall of the collar is sealed with the outer wall of the drive shaft. The collar is sleeved outside the blind hole, and an annular groove connected to the blind hole is opened on the inner wall of the collar. A conduit is installed on the collar, one end of the conduit is connected to the annular groove, and the other end is connected to the second chamber. A water outlet is opened in the center of the drill bit, and the water outlet is connected to the blind hole.

[0005] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a driving motor, the motor shaft of the driving motor is in driving connection with the transmission shaft, an isolation sleeve recessed into the second chamber is provided on the partition, and the driving motor is installed in the isolation sleeve.

[0006] Furthermore, a sealing plate is provided at the rear end of the casing, and the reverse thrust nozzle and the water pipe interface are both installed on the sealing plate. A guide tube extending inward is provided on the inner side of the sealing plate, one end of the guide tube is connected to the sealing plate and communicated with the water pipe interface, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the drive motor.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a turbine, the worm gear shaft of the turbine is connected to the transmission shaft through the partition, a sealing plate is provided at the rear end of the casing, the reverse thrust nozzle and the water pipe interface are both installed on the sealing plate, and the water pipe interface is installed at the center of the sealing plate, and an inwardly extending guide pipe is provided on the inner side of the sealing plate, one end of the guide pipe is connected to the sealing plate and communicated with the water pipe interface, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the turbine.

[0008] Furthermore, the drill bit is provided with a plurality of groups of grinding teeth arranged in a straight line, and the plurality of groups of grinding teeth are radially distributed with the center of the drill bit as the center of the circle.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of slag discharge grooves are provided on the surface of the drill bit. The plurality of slag discharge grooves are radially distributed with the center of the drill bit as the center of the circle, and are staggered with the plurality of groups of grinding teeth.

[0010] Furthermore, the drill bit is a conical structure with the center protruding forward.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer walls at both ends of the casing are connected with a plurality of evenly surrounding support feet, one end of the support foot is connected to the casing, and the other end is tilted and extended backward, and a pulley is installed on the outer side surface of the support foot away from one end of the casing.

[0012] Furthermore, a gear rack is fixedly installed in the first chamber, and a sun gear is provided at the center of the side of the gear rack facing the partition. An output shaft is provided on the sun gear, which passes through the gear rack and is connected to the transmission shaft. A ring gear is also provided on the outside of the sun gear, and a plurality of planetary gears are provided between the ring gear and the sun gear. The plurality of planetary gears are all meshed with the sun gear and the ring gear, and are connected to the gear rack through the axle. A transmission frame is provided on the side of the ring gear away from the gear rack, and an input shaft is installed at the center of the transmission frame.

[0013] Furthermore, a flange is provided on the outer edge of the collar, a plurality of connecting bolts are provided on the flange, the connecting bolts pass through the flange and are connected to the gear frame, a support tube is sleeved on the connecting bolts, and the support tube is located between the flange and the gear frame.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The drill bit is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism built into the casing, and the entire structure moves forward under the action of the reverse thrust mechanism. It can move forward in the pipeline and clear the blocked position in the pipeline through the drill bit at the same time. The clearing work can be completed without digging up the road surface, and the blockage broken by the drill bit can be removed backwards under the action of the reverse thrust mechanism, reducing the maintenance workload after clearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a variable speed transmission structure;

[0020] The names of the components in the figure are: 1. Grinding gear, 2. Drill bit, 3. Slag chute, 4. Support foot, 5. Pulley, 6. Casing, 7. Reverse thrust nozzle, 8. Water pipe interface, 9. Closing plate, 10. Diversion pipe, 11. Isolation sleeve, 12. Partition, 13. Input shaft, 14. Output shaft, 15. Support pipe, 16. Water inlet, 17. Collar, 18. Drive shaft, 19. Connecting flange, 20. Water outlet, 21. Gear rack, 22. Ring gear, 23. Planetary gear, 24. Sun gear, 25. Transmission rack, 26. Drive motor, 27. Turbine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0022] A small-diameter drainage pipe tunnel boring machine described in this embodiment includes a casing 6 and a drill bit 2. A driving mechanism is provided in the casing 6, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the drill bit 2 to rotate. A partition 12 is provided in the casing 6, and the partition 12 divides the casing 6 into a first chamber on the front side of the casing 6 and a second chamber on the rear side of the casing 6. The rear end of the casing 6 is connected to a water pipe interface 8 and a plurality of reverse thrust nozzles 7 extending backward, and the water pipe interface 8 and the plurality of reverse thrust nozzles 7 are both connected to the second chamber; the driving mechanism is installed in the first chamber, and the driving mechanism is provided with a transmission shaft 18, one end of which extends out of the casing 6 and is connected to the drill bit 2 The drive shaft 18 is connected at the center, and a blind hole extending in the axial direction is opened at one end of the center of the casing 6. A water inlet hole 16 is opened on the outer wall of the drive shaft 18 away from the drill bit 2, and the water inlet hole 16 is connected to the blind hole. The drive shaft 18 is covered with a collar 17, and the collar 17 is fixedly installed in the first chamber. The inner wall of the collar 17 is sealed with the outer wall of the drive shaft 18. The collar 17 is sleeved outside the blind hole, and the inner wall of the collar 17 is provided with an annular groove communicating with the blind hole. A conduit is installed on the collar 17, one end of the conduit is communicated with the annular groove, and the other end is communicated with the second chamber. A water outlet hole 20 is opened in the center of the drill bit 2, and the water outlet hole 20 is communicated with the blind hole.

[0023] The water pipe interface 8 is used to connect the high-pressure water pipe. The high-pressure water pipe supplies high-pressure water into the second chamber through the water pipe interface 8 by connecting the high-pressure water pump as the power source. After the high-pressure water fills the second chamber, it is sprayed backward by the reverse thrust nozzle 7. The high-pressure water flow sprayed backward forms a reaction force that pushes forward. The reaction force acts on the casing 6 to push the entire structure forward. The driving mechanism is installed in the first chamber and drives the drill bit 2 to rotate through the transmission shaft 18. A connecting flange 19 can be provided on the transmission shaft 18 as a connection structure with the drill bit 2. Under the action of the reaction force, the drill bit 2 moves forward along with the entire structure to break the blockage in the passing pipe. The water in the second chamber will be injected into the annular groove in the collar 17 through the conduit, and injected into the blind hole starting on the transmission shaft 18 through the blind hole, and finally ejected forward from the water outlet 20 on the drill bit 2. The sprayed water flow will clear the blockage in front of the drill bit 2. The flushing is performed to clean and loosen the blockage when the drill bit 2 is not in contact with the blockage. After the drill bit 2 comes into contact with the blockage, the blockage broken by the drill bit 2 can be flushed to the vicinity of the drill bit 2, so that the broken blockage moves to the side of the drill bit 2 to prevent the broken blockage from accumulating in front of the drill bit 2. As the sprayed water accumulates, the broken blockage can be flushed and removed to the rear side, thereby increasing the forward speed of the drill bit 2. Moreover, the water flow sprayed backward by the reverse thrust nozzle 7 can flush the broken blockage backward when moving forward, so as to facilitate its removal after the dredging work is completed. At the beginning of the cleaning work, it is only necessary to dig vertical shafts at both ends of the blocked pipe and connect them to the pipe to carry out the cleaning work. There is no need to dig up the blocked pipe as a whole, which reduces the construction volume, reduces the pre-construction preparation and the subsequent backfilling process time, and thus reduces the impact on the living environment around the construction site. Example

[0024] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. The drive mechanism is a drive motor 26, the motor shaft of which is in driving connection with the transmission shaft 18. An isolation sleeve 11 recessed into the second chamber is provided on the partition 12, and the drive motor 26 is mounted within the isolation sleeve 11. The isolation sleeve 11 is located within the second chamber. In operation, the second chamber is filled with flowing high-pressure water. Heat exchange through the water keeps the isolation sleeve 11 at a relatively low temperature, thereby keeping the drive motor 26 at its bottom temperature, preventing the drive motor 26 from overheating and damage due to excessive heat accumulation during long-term operation. Example

[0025] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. A sealing plate 9 is provided at the rear end of the casing 6. The reverse thrust nozzle 7 and the water pipe interface 8 are both mounted on the sealing plate 9. An inwardly extending flow guide tube 10 is provided on the inner side of the sealing plate 9. One end of the flow guide tube 10 is connected to the sealing plate 9 and communicated with the water pipe interface 8, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the drive motor 26. The sealing plate 9 can be detachably connected to the casing 6 by threaded engagement, or can be fixedly connected to the casing 6 by welding or other means. With the cooperation of the partition 12, a closed chamber is formed in the casing 6. The sealing plate 9 serves as the installation base for the reverse thrust nozzle 7 and the water pipe interface 8. At the same time, a flow guide tube 10 is provided in communication with the water pipe interface 8. When the high-pressure water flow enters from the water pipe interface 8, it will first flush the isolation sleeve 11 under the constraint of the flow guide tube 10, which is conducive to cooling the isolation sleeve 11. Example

[0026] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. The driving mechanism is a turbine 27. The worm gear shaft of the turbine 27 passes through the partition 12 and is connected to the transmission shaft 18. The rear end of the housing 6 is provided with a sealing plate 9. The reverse thrust nozzle 7 and the water pipe interface 8 are both mounted on the sealing plate 9, and the water pipe interface 8 is mounted at the center of the sealing plate 9. The inner side of the sealing plate 9 is provided with an inwardly extending guide pipe 10. One end of the guide pipe 10 is connected to the sealing plate 9 and communicates with the water pipe interface 8, and the other end is sleeved on the outside of the turbine 27. When the high-pressure water flow enters through the water pipe interface 8, it will flow inward in the guide pipe 10 and then be discharged backward from the reverse thrust nozzle 7. When the high-pressure water flow flows in the guide pipe 10, it will drive the turbine 27 to rotate, and then drive the transmission shaft 18 to rotate through the worm gear shaft, so that the power of the high-pressure water flow is fully utilized. Example

[0027] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. The drill bit 2 is provided with several groups of grinding teeth 1 arranged in a straight line. These groups of grinding teeth 1 are radially distributed around the center of the drill bit 2. The grinding teeth 1 rotate along with the drill bit 2, breaking up blockages within the pipe and enhancing the crushing effectiveness of the drill bit 2. The grinding teeth 1 may be protruding structures such as pointed teeth. Example

[0028] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. The surface of the drill bit 2 is provided with a plurality of slag discharge grooves 3. These grooves 3 are radially distributed from the center of the drill bit 2 and interspersed with the groups of grinding teeth 1. The slag discharge grooves 3 serve as a storage space for blockages broken by the drill bit 2 and also as a flow channel for water injected from the water outlet 20 between the drill bit 2 and the blockage, facilitating the outward flow of broken blockages within the slag discharge grooves 3. Example

[0029] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. The drill bit 2 has a conical structure with the center protruding forward. This allows the drill bit 2 to have a smaller contact surface with the blockage in the initial stage, facilitating the removal of the blockage. Furthermore, after the drill bit 2 enters the blockage, a conical surface that expands backward is formed, facilitating the removal of the broken blockage backwards under the scouring of the water flow. Example

[0030] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. Multiple, evenly spaced support legs 4 are connected to the outer walls of both ends of the housing 6. One end of each support leg 4 is connected to the housing 6, while the other end extends rearward and tilted. Pulleys 5 are mounted on the outer side of the support leg 4, away from the end of the housing 6. The support legs 4 can be made of a flexible plate-like structure, such as thin steel plate. Under pressure, they can bend inward, using the connection point with the housing 6 as a fulcrum, or as a whole, while maintaining support for the inner wall of the pipe being cleaned. The pulleys 5, which serve as the contact point between the support legs 4 and the pipe being cleaned, can reduce friction through rolling support when the overall structure moves. Example

[0031] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. A gear rack 21 is also fixedly installed in the first chamber. A sun gear 24 is provided at the center of the gear rack 21 facing the partition 12. The sun gear 24 is provided with an output shaft 14 that passes through the gear rack 21 and is connected to the transmission shaft 18. A ring gear 22 is also provided on the outside of the sun gear 24. A plurality of planetary gears 23 are provided between the ring gear 22 and the sun gear 24. The plurality of planetary gears 23 are all engaged with the sun gear 24 and the ring gear 22, and are connected to the gear rack 21 through the axle. A transmission frame 25 is provided on the side of the ring gear 22 away from the gear rack 21, and an input shaft 13 is installed at the center of the transmission frame 25. The output shaft 14 can be connected to the transmission shaft 18 through a spline fit or a coupling and other structures, and the input shaft 13 can be connected to the motor shaft of the drive motor 26 or the worm gear shaft of the turbine 27 through a spline fit or a coupling and other structures to realize transmission. When the input shaft 13 rotates, it drives the transmission frame 25 and the sun gear 24 to rotate, and then drives the planetary gears 23 to rotate. Since the gear frame 21 is in a fixed installation state, the planetary gears 23 will be in a self-rotating state and drive the sun gear 24, and then drive the output shaft 14 to rotate, thereby realizing the transmission of the power of the drive motor 26 or the turbine 27 to the transmission shaft 18, and since the ring gear 22 is sleeved on the outside of the sun gear 24, the gear frame 21, the ring gear 22, the planetary gears 23 and the sun gear 24 constitute a variable speed transmission structure, which drives the small diameter to rotate by the large diameter, thereby increasing the output rotation speed of the transmission shaft 18. Example

[0032] This embodiment further illustrates the technology. A flange is provided on the outer edge of the collar 17. Multiple connecting bolts are provided on the flange. These connecting bolts pass through the flange and connect to the gear frame 21. A support tube 15 is sleeved over the connecting bolts. The support tube 15 is located between the flange and the gear frame 21. The gear frame 21 is in a fixed installation state and serves as the mounting base for the collar 17. While the connecting bolts are used to connect the collar 17, the support tube 15 allows the distance between the collar 17 and the gear frame 21 to be fixed. Furthermore, the support tube 15 can be adjusted to accommodate different lengths depending on the specific position of the water inlet 16 on the transmission shaft 18.

Claims

1. A shield machine for a small-diameter drainage pipe, comprising a casing (6) and a drill bit (2), wherein a driving mechanism is provided in the casing (6), and the driving mechanism is used to drive the drill bit (2) to rotate, and is characterized in that: A partition (12) is provided in the casing (6), and the partition (12) divides the casing (6) into a first chamber on the front side of the casing (6) and a second chamber on the rear side of the casing (6). The rear end of the casing (6) is connected to a water pipe interface (8) and a plurality of reverse thrust nozzles (7) extending backward. The water pipe interface (8) and the plurality of reverse thrust nozzles (7) are both connected to the second chamber. The driving mechanism is installed in the first chamber. The driving mechanism is provided with a transmission shaft (18). One end of the transmission shaft (18) extends outside the casing (6) and is connected to the center of the drill bit (2). The end of the transmission shaft (18) extending outside the center of the casing (6) is provided with a shaft extending in the axial direction. The blind hole extends outward, a water inlet hole (16) is formed on the outer wall of the transmission shaft (18) away from the drill bit (2), and the water inlet hole (16) is communicated with the blind hole. The transmission shaft (18) is covered with a collar (17), and the collar (17) is fixedly installed in the first chamber. The inner wall of the collar (17) is sealed with the outer wall of the transmission shaft (18). The collar (17) is sleeved outside the blind hole, and the inner wall of the collar (17) is provided with an annular groove communicated with the blind hole. A conduit is installed on the collar (17), and one end of the conduit is communicated with the annular groove, and the other end is communicated with the second chamber. A water outlet hole (20) is formed in the center of the drill bit (2), and the water outlet hole (20) is communicated with the blind hole. The driving mechanism is a driving motor (26), the motor shaft of the driving motor (26) is drivingly connected to the transmission shaft (18), the partition (12) is provided with an isolation sleeve (11) recessed into the second chamber, and the driving motor (26) is installed in the isolation sleeve (11); A sealing plate (9) is provided at the rear end of the housing (6), the reverse thrust nozzle (7) and the water pipe interface (8) are both mounted on the sealing plate (9), an inwardly extending flow guide tube (10) is provided on the inner side of the sealing plate (9), one end of the flow guide tube (10) is connected to the sealing plate (9) and communicated with the water pipe interface (8), and the other end is sleeved outside the driving motor (26); The drill bit (2) is provided with a plurality of groups of grinding teeth (1) arranged in a straight line, and the plurality of groups of grinding teeth (1) are radially distributed with the center of the drill bit (2) as the center of the circle.

2. The small-diameter drainage pipe shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of slag discharge grooves (3) are provided on the surface of the drill bit (2), and the plurality of slag discharge grooves (3) are radially distributed with the center of the drill bit (2) as the center of the circle, and are staggered with the plurality of groups of grinding teeth (1).

3. The small-diameter drainage pipe shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drill bit (2) is a conical structure with the center protruding forward.

4. The shield machine for small-diameter drainage pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls at both ends of the housing (6) are connected to a plurality of evenly surrounding support legs (4), one end of the support leg (4) is connected to the housing (6), and the other end is tilted and extends backward, and a pulley (5) is installed on the outer side surface of the support leg (4) away from the end of the housing (6).

5. The shield machine for small-diameter drainage pipes according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A gear rack (21) is fixedly installed in the first chamber. A sun gear (24) is provided at the center of the gear rack (21) facing the partition (12). An output shaft (14) is provided on the sun gear (24) and passes through the gear rack (21) and is connected to the transmission shaft (18). A ring gear (22) is also provided outside the sun gear (24). A plurality of planetary gears (23) are provided between the ring gear (22) and the sun gear (24). The plurality of planetary gears (23) are all meshed with the sun gear (24) and the ring gear (22) and are connected to the gear rack (21) through a wheel shaft. A transmission rack (25) is provided on the side of the ring gear (22) away from the gear rack (21), and an input shaft (13) is installed at the center of the transmission rack (25).

6. The shield machine for small-diameter drainage pipes according to claim 5, characterized in that: A flange is provided on the outer edge of the collar (17), and a plurality of connecting bolts are provided on the flange. The connecting bolts pass through the flange and are connected to the gear frame (21). A support tube (15) is sleeved on the connecting bolts, and the support tube (15) is located between the flange and the gear frame (21).

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