Multi-means advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnel

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-means advanced detection methods of water-rich karst tunnel, it is characterized in that, including the following steps, determine three-dimensional tunnel geological generalization model;According to three-dimensional tunnel geological generalization model, the distribution position of tunnel advanced drilling is determined;The advanced drilling vehicle is moved to advanced drilling, and is set on the drill bit for detection detection sensor;Advanced drilling vehicle is fixed, and the drill rod on the mast is driven drill bit to align drilling and drill deep into by using back and forth movement impact power head, using the quick rod system in advanced drilling vehicle, drill rod can realize unmanned automation efficient rod, drill rod can realize automatic connection, can quickly drill, so that detection sensor can quickly and efficiently drill inside condition in time response, and transmit to external system processing mechanism, realize advanced detection, using quick rod system, can effectively speed up drilling efficiency, to improve the efficiency of advanced detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of advanced detection technology, specifically relating to a multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] At present, my country has achieved remarkable construction results, and the demand for materials in various regions is constantly increasing. However, the insufficient road transport capacity and transportation costs will hinder regional economic development. In the southwestern region of my country, the terrain is complex. In order to reduce costs while protecting the environment, tunnels are used for construction in mountainous areas. Therefore, tunnel engineering has become an indispensable key project in engineering construction.

[0003] During tunnel construction, various complex geological conditions are encountered. With the increasing occurrence of geological structures involving sudden water and mudflows, tunnel construction safety is severely constrained. The tunnel completion time plays a crucial role in controlling the highway opening time. Blindly pursuing construction speed will violate construction specifications, potentially leading to tunnel collapses or geological disasters such as mudslides and water inrushes, affecting construction progress and, in severe cases, threatening personal safety. Therefore, preliminary work such as tunnel surveys and hydrological investigations is conducted before tunnel construction. However, due to the variability and complexity of geological structures, the surveyed structures often differ significantly from the actual structures, failing to reflect the true situation. This makes it difficult to draw effective conclusions about the actual geological problems of the construction project through surveys. Uncertain geological conditions are often hidden "time bombs" during construction, potentially causing significant damage to the project. This not only affects the construction period and increases project investment but also may damage equipment and threaten the safety of construction personnel. Therefore, for tunnel construction, it is essential to control geological forecasting and obtain geological conditions ahead of the tunnel through effective detection methods.

[0004] Most existing advanced detection methods use drilling rigs to drill holes and then use various sensors to sense the inside of the holes, thereby making advance predictions about the conditions inside the tunnel. However, existing drilling rigs require manual addition of rods, which is inefficient and affects the overall progress. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0007] A multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: Obtain the structural topography, predicted adverse geological structures, and engineering tunnel conditions within the tunnel area; perform geometric modeling based on the structural topography, predicted adverse geological structures, and engineering tunnel conditions to determine a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalization model;

[0009] S2: Determine the distribution location of tunnel advance boreholes based on the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalization model;

[0010] S3: Move the advanced drilling vehicle to the advanced drilling location and set a detection sensor on the drill bit for detection.

[0011] S4: Fix the advanced drilling vehicle. Use the reciprocating impact power head to drive the drill rod on the mast to align the drill bit with the borehole for deep drilling. Utilize the rapid rod mounting system inside the advanced drilling vehicle to enable unmanned, automated, and efficient rod mounting. The drill rod can be automatically connected, allowing for rapid drilling. This enables the detection sensors to quickly and efficiently sense the conditions inside the borehole and transmit the data to the external system processing mechanism, achieving advanced detection.

[0012] Furthermore, the advanced drilling vehicle includes a base, a traveling mechanism for driving the base to move, a mast that can move up and down and is set above the base, a positioning sleeve set at one end of the mast and used for limiting the drill rod, and an impact power head for driving the drill rod to drill. The mast includes two slide plates that are fixedly connected to each other and are parallel to each other. The impact power head is slidably connected to the slide plates, and the positioning sleeve is set at the other end of the slide plates.

[0013] Furthermore, the rapid rod loading system includes a feeding plate, a positioning arc plate, and a storage trough. A base plate is fixedly connected between the sliding plates. An adjustment plate that can move back and forth is provided on the base plate. The upper end of the adjustment plate is provided with a feeding plate that can move up and down. The feeding plate is provided with symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected positioning arc plates. The positioning arc plates are semi-circular. One end of the positioning arc plate is provided with a limiting arc plate that can be opened and closed and is used to limit the drill rod. The sliding plates are provided with storage troughs for storing drill rods. One side wall of the storage trough located on one side of the positioning arc plate is provided with an opening and closing discharge plate for guiding the drill rod into the positioning arc plate. The positioning arc plate is provided with a rotatable adjustment wheel for driving the drill rod to rotate.

[0014] Furthermore, the base plate is provided with symmetrically distributed first hydraulic rods for driving the mast to move up and down, and the mast is provided with fixedly connected connecting plates on both sides, with the outer side of the connecting plates fixedly connected to the first hydraulic rods.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the positioning arc plate is provided with an adjustment groove, the adjustment wheel is set in the adjustment groove, the feeding plate is provided with a first adjustment motor for driving the adjustment wheel to rotate, and a second adjustment motor is provided on one side of the positioning arc plate for driving the limiting arc plate to rotate.

[0016] Furthermore, the base plate is provided with a sliding groove, and a connecting plate is provided in the sliding groove. A second hydraulic rod is also fixedly connected to one end of the sliding groove and used to drive the connecting plate to move back and forth. A third hydraulic rod is provided symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected on the connecting plate. The upper end of the third hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the feeding plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the storage tank is provided with a discharge port, the discharge plate is rotatably disposed in the discharge port, the storage tank is provided with a rotatable first adjusting rod, and the storage tank is provided with a first discharge line for driving the drill rod to separate from the discharge port. One end of the first discharge line is fixedly connected to the end of the first adjusting rod, and the other end of the first discharge line is fixedly connected to the bottom of the discharge port.

[0018] Furthermore, the storage tank is also equipped with a rotatable second adjusting rod, and the two ends of the discharge plate are provided with a fixedly connected second discharge line, the extension end of the second discharge line being fixedly connected to the second adjusting rod.

[0019] Furthermore, the positioning sleeve is detachably connected to the mast, there are two first discharge lines, the bottom of the storage tank is through-type, and the bottom of the storage tank is provided with symmetrically distributed sliders that can move back and forth. The sliders are provided with elastic bands that are telescopic and used to restore the first discharge lines to their initial positions. The extended end of the elastic bands is fixedly connected to the first discharge lines. The bottom of the storage tank is provided with recycling tanks on both sides for storing the sliders. The base plate located directly below the mast is provided with a storage tank corresponding to the storage tank and used for storing drill rods. The storage tank is provided with a lifting plate that can move up and down and is used to drive the drill rods to rise.

[0020] A rapid rod-mounting method for an advanced drilling rig used in drilling water-rich karst tunnels includes the following steps:

[0021] (1) First, the advanced drilling vehicle is transported to the drilling site by the walking mechanism, and then the first hydraulic rod is started, the mast rises, so that the drill bit on the positioning sleeve corresponds to the drilling hole;

[0022] (2) Then, the impact power head is used to drill the drill rod with the drill bit into the borehole. When one drill rod is completely drilled in, the impact power head is separated from the end of the drill rod and moved to the end. Then, the discharge plate on one side of the storage tank is opened so that the discharge plate is tilted. Then, the first discharge line is used to raise the drill rod so that the uppermost drill rod moves with the discharge plate into the positioning arc plate. Then, the limiting arc plate is rotated to limit the drill rod with the positioning arc plate.

[0023] (3) Next, the third hydraulic rod is used to make the drill rod in the positioning arc plate move upward to the position sleeve and the impact power head. The second hydraulic rod is used to make the drill rod move towards the drill rod entering the borehole. When the drill rod contacts the end of the drill rod in the borehole, since most of the connection between the drill rods is a threaded connection, the rotation of the adjusting wheel can drive the drill rod in the positioning arc plate to rotate, so that the drill rod in the positioning arc plate and the drill rod in the borehole are connected by threads, thus realizing the connection between the drill rods, that is, quick rod mounting. Then the impact power head is moved to connect with the corresponding end of the drill rod, and the drill bit is moved towards the depth of the borehole.

[0024] (4) After the connection is completed, rotate the limiting arc plate to release the fixing of the drill rod, and then restore the initial position through the second hydraulic rod and the third hydraulic rod to wait for the next rod to be lifted;

[0025] (5) When there are not enough drill rods in the storage tank, separate the positioning sleeve from the mast, hang the positioning sleeve on the outside of the drill hole, move the mast down to the base, slide the slider into the recycling tank, move the first discharge line to both ends of the storage tank, use the lifting plate to push the drill rods in the storage tank into the storage tank, and then let the slider return to the initial position. The first discharge line has completed the fixing of the drill rods, and the drilling rods in the storage tank have been fed. Then let the mast return to the initial position, fix the positioning sleeve to the end of the mast, and then repeat the above steps to realize the sequential feeding of the rods.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0027] The rapid rod-up system enables unmanned rod-up operations, effectively improving drilling efficiency, thereby increasing the efficiency of advance detection and improving the overall progress. Furthermore, the automated retrieval of drill rods is also achieved, making it convenient and quick, further enhancing overall efficiency.

[0028] Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, indicating how the principles of the invention can be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in scope as a result.

[0029] Features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for features in other embodiments.

[0030] It should be emphasized that the term "including / comprises" as used herein refers to the presence of a feature, whole, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, or components. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the advanced drilling vehicle structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the base and the mast provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate and slide plate structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the base plate and the loading plate provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a top view of the discharge plate and the loading plate provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the storage tank and the slider provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the base plate and the lifting plate provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Storage tank; 12. Lifting plate; 13. Fourth hydraulic rod; 14. Unlocking rod; 2. Walking mechanism; 3. Drill bit; 4. Mast; 40. Slide plate; 41. Storage tank; 411. Discharge port; 412. Drill rod; 413. First adjusting rod; 414. Second adjusting rod; 415. Discharge plate; 416. First discharge line; 417. Second discharge line; 418. Guide plate; 419. Third adjusting motor; 42. Base plate; 421. Third hydraulic rod; 422. Slide groove; 423. Second hydraulic rod; 43. Feeding plate; 431. Adjusting wheel; 432. Limiting arc plate; 433. Support leg; 434. Positioning arc plate; 435. Second adjusting motor; 436. Adjusting groove; 437. First adjusting motor; 438. Notch groove; 44. Slider; 441. Elastic band; 442. Return spring; 443. Recycling groove; 444. Unlocking line; 445. Unlocking groove; 446. Limiting groove; 5. Impact power head; 6. First hydraulic rod; 61. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0041] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or may be interposed with another element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or may be interposed with another element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Please see Figures 1-7 A multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels includes the following steps:

[0045] S1: Obtain the structural topography, predicted adverse geological structures, and engineering tunnel conditions within the tunnel area; perform geometric modeling based on the structural topography, predicted adverse geological structures, and engineering tunnel conditions to determine a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalization model;

[0046] S2: Determine the distribution location of tunnel advance boreholes based on the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalization model;

[0047] S3: Move the advanced drilling vehicle to the advanced drilling location and set a detection sensor on the drill bit 3 for detection;

[0048] S4: Fix the advanced drilling vehicle. Use the reciprocating impact power head 5 to drive the drill rod 412 on the mast 4 to align the drill bit 3 with the borehole and drill deeply. Utilize the quick rod mounting system inside the advanced drilling vehicle to enable the drill rod 412 to be mounted automatically and efficiently. The drill rod 412 can be automatically connected and drill quickly. This allows the detection sensor to quickly and efficiently sense the situation inside the borehole and transmit it to the external system processing mechanism, achieving advanced detection.

[0049] Furthermore, the advanced drilling vehicle includes a base 1, a traveling mechanism 2 for driving the base 1 to move, a mast 4 that can move up and down and is set above the base 1, a positioning sleeve set at one end of the mast 4 and used to limit the drill rod 412, and an impact power head 5 for driving the drill rod 412 to drill. The mast 4 includes two slide plates 40 that are fixedly connected to each other and are parallel to each other. The impact power head 5 is slidably connected to the slide plates 40, and the positioning sleeve is set at the other end of the slide plates 40.

[0050] Furthermore, the walking mechanism 2 is a tracked conveyor.

[0051] Furthermore, the rapid rod mounting system includes a feeding plate 43, a positioning arc plate 434, and a storage trough 41. A base plate 42 is fixedly connected between the sliding plates 40. An adjustment plate that can move back and forth is provided on the base plate 42. The upper end of the adjustment plate is provided with a feeding plate 43 that can move up and down. The feeding plate 43 is provided with symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected positioning arc plates 434. The positioning arc plates 434 are semi-circular. One end of the positioning arc plate 434 is provided with a limiting arc plate 432 that can be opened and closed and is used to limit the drill rod 412. The sliding plates 40 are provided with storage troughs 41 for storing the drill rod 412. One side wall of the storage trough 41 located on one side of the positioning arc plate 434 is provided with an opening and closing discharge plate 415 for guiding the drill rod 412 into the positioning arc plate 434. The positioning arc plate 434 is provided with a rotatable adjustment wheel 431 for driving the drill rod 412 to rotate.

[0052] Furthermore, the bottom of the positioning arc plate 434 is provided with a support foot 433 for fixing to the feeding plate 43.

[0053] Furthermore, the feeding plate 43 has symmetrically distributed notches and grooves 438 on both sides, and the discharge plate 415 has a guide plate 418 fixedly connected to the end of the discharge plate 415, which corresponds to the notches and grooves 438.

[0054] The design of the guide plate 418 is more conducive to the descent of the feed plate 43 when the drill rod 412 is being recovered. The guide plate 418 can move accurately and without obstruction to the bottom of the drill rod 412, which facilitates the recovery of the drill rod 412.

[0055] Furthermore, the base plate 42 is provided with symmetrically distributed first hydraulic rods 6 for driving the mast 4 to move up and down, and the mast 4 is provided with connecting plates 61 fixedly connected on both sides, and the outer side of the connecting plates 61 is fixedly connected to the first hydraulic rods 6.

[0056] Furthermore, the bottom of the positioning arc plate 434 is provided with an adjustment groove 436, the adjustment wheel 431 is disposed in the adjustment groove 436, the feeding plate 43 is provided with a first adjustment motor 437 for driving the adjustment wheel 431 to rotate, and a second adjustment motor 435 for driving the limiting arc plate 432 to rotate is provided on one side of the positioning arc plate 434.

[0057] Furthermore, the base plate 42 is provided with a sliding groove 422, and a connecting plate 61 is provided in the sliding groove 422. A second hydraulic rod 423 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding groove 422 and used to drive the connecting plate 61 to move back and forth. A third hydraulic rod 421 is symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected on the connecting plate 61. The upper end of the third hydraulic rod 421 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the feeding plate 43.

[0058] The rotational connection between the third hydraulic rod 421 and the feeding plate 43 allows the drill rod 412 to be retrieved into the corresponding storage tank 41 when it needs to be retrieved. This is achieved by tilting the discharge plate 415 of the corresponding storage tank 41 upwards. When the falling drill rod 412 moves to the discharge plate 415, the third hydraulic rod 421 on the side of the discharge plate 415 continues to fall until it stops. This also causes the positioning arc plate 434 to tilt, making it easier for the drill rod 412 to enter the discharge plate 415 and facilitating its retrieval.

[0059] Furthermore, the storage tank 41 is provided with a discharge port 411, the discharge plate 415 is rotatably disposed in the discharge port 411, the storage tank 41 is provided with a rotatable first adjusting rod 413, the storage tank 41 is provided with a first discharge line 416 for driving the drill rod 412 to separate from the discharge port 411, one end of the first discharge line 416 is fixedly connected to the end of the first adjusting rod 413, and the other end of the first discharge line 416 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the discharge port 411.

[0060] The design of the first discharge line 416 allows the first adjusting rod 413 to drive the winding of the first discharge line 416. The first discharge line 416 drives the drill rod 412 inside the storage tank 41 to rise sequentially, thereby discharging sequentially from the discharge port 411.

[0061] Furthermore, all of the storage tanks 41 are inclined.

[0062] The inclined design makes it easier to discharge drill pipe 412.

[0063] Furthermore, a third adjusting motor 419 for driving the first adjusting rod 413 to rotate is provided on one side of the storage tank, and a fourth adjusting motor for driving the second adjusting rod 414 to rotate is also provided on one side of the storage tank 41.

[0064] Furthermore, the storage tank 41 is also provided with a rotatable second adjusting rod 414, and the two ends of the discharge plate 415 are provided with a fixedly connected second discharge line 417, the extension end of the second discharge line 417 being fixedly connected to the second adjusting rod 414.

[0065] Furthermore, the positioning sleeve is detachably connected to the mast 4. There are two first discharge lines 416. The bottom of the storage tank 41 is through-type, and the bottom of the storage tank 41 is provided with symmetrically distributed sliders 44 that can move back and forth. The sliders 44 are provided with elastic bands 441 that are telescopic and used to restore the first discharge line 416 to its initial position. The extended end of the elastic band 441 is fixedly connected to the first discharge line 416. The bottom sides of the storage tank 41 are provided with recycling tanks 443 for storing the sliders 44. The bottom plate 42 located directly below the mast 4 is provided with a storage tank 11 corresponding to the storage tank 41 and used to store the drill rod 412. The storage tank 11 is provided with a lifting plate 12 that can move up and down and is used to drive the drill rod 412 to rise.

[0066] Furthermore, the bottom of the lifting plate 12 is provided with a fourth hydraulic rod 13 for driving the lifting plate 12 to move up and down.

[0067] Furthermore, the storage tank 41 is provided with symmetrically distributed limiting grooves 446 for the slider 44 to slide back and forth, and each limiting groove 446 is provided with a reset spring 442 for driving the slider 44 to return to its initial position.

[0068] Furthermore, both ends of the storage tank 11 are provided with symmetrically distributed unlocking rods 14, and the outer side of the recycling tank 443 is provided with unlocking slots 445 corresponding to the unlocking rods 14. Unlocking lines 444 are provided in the unlocking slots 445. One end of the unlocking line 444 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the unlocking slot 445, and the other end of the unlocking line 444 moves through the side wall of the unlocking slot 445 and is fixedly connected to the slider 44.

[0069] The design of the unlocking rod 14, unlocking groove 445, and unlocking line 444 utilizes the downward force of the mast 4 to push the unlocking rod 14 towards the unlocking line 444. The unlocking line 444 then drives the slider 44 towards the recycling trough 443. However, after the mast 4 moves upward, the unlocking line 444 loosens, and the slider 44 automatically returns to its initial position due to the elasticity of the return spring 442. It then moves to the bottom of the drill rod 412, where the first discharge line 416 fixes the drill rod 412. As long as the lifting plate 12 descends to the position of the slider 44, the unlocking rod 14 separates from the unlocking line 444, and the slider 44 moves to the bottom of the drill rod 412. The buffer distance of the lifting plate 12 within the storage trough 41 can be set.

[0070] A rapid rod-mounting method for an advanced drilling rig used in drilling water-rich karst tunnels includes the following steps:

[0071] (1) First, the advanced drilling vehicle is transported to the drilling site by the walking mechanism 2, and then the first hydraulic rod 6 is started, the mast 4 rises, so that the drill bit 3 on the positioning sleeve corresponds to the drilling hole;

[0072] (2) Then, the impact power head 5 is used to drill the drill rod 412 with the drill bit 3 into the drill hole. When one drill rod 412 is completely drilled in, the impact power head 5 is separated from the end of the drill rod 412 and moved to the end. Then, the discharge plate 415 on one side of the storage tank 41 is opened so that the discharge plate 415 is tilted. Then, the first discharge line 416 is used to raise the drill rod 412 so that the uppermost drill rod 412 moves into the positioning arc plate 434 along with the discharge plate 415. Then, the limiting arc plate 432 is rotated by the rotation of the limiting arc plate 432, and the drilling rod 412 is limited by the positioning arc plate 434.

[0073] (3) Next, the third hydraulic rod 421 is used to make the drill rod 412 in the positioning arc plate 434 rise to the position sleeve and the impact power head 5. The second hydraulic rod 423 is used to make the drill rod 412 move towards the drill rod 412 entering the drill hole. When the drill rod 412 contacts the end of the drill rod 412 in the drill hole, since most of the connection between the drill rods 412 is a threaded connection, the rotation of the adjusting wheel 431 can drive the drill rod 412 in the positioning arc plate 434 to rotate, so that the drill rod 412 in the positioning arc plate 434 and the drill rod 412 in the drill hole are connected by threads, thus realizing the connection between the drill rods 412, that is, quick rod mounting. Then the impact power head 5 is moved to connect with the corresponding end of the drill rod 412.

[0074] (4) After the connection is completed, the limiting arc plate 432 is rotated to release the fixation of the drill rod 412. Then, the initial position is restored through the second hydraulic rod 423 and the third hydraulic rod 421, waiting for the next rod to be lifted.

[0075] (5) When there are not enough drill rods 412 in the storage tank 41, the positioning sleeve is separated from the mast 4, the positioning sleeve is hung on the outside of the drill hole, the mast 4 moves down to the base 1, the slider 44 slides into the recycling tank 443, the first discharge line 416 moves to both ends of the storage tank 41, the lifting plate 12 pushes the drill rods 412 in the storage tank 11 into the storage tank 41, and then the slider 44 returns to the initial position. The first discharge line 416 completes the fixing of the drill rods 412. The drill rods 412 in the storage tank 41 are loaded. Then the mast 4 returns to the initial position, the positioning sleeve is fixed to the end of the mast 4, and then the above steps are repeated to realize the sequential loading of the rods.

[0076] (6) When drill rod 412 needs to be retrieved, first activate the third hydraulic rod 421 to move the positioning arc plate 434 to the bottom of drill rod 412. Then activate the second adjusting motor 435 to drive the limiting arc plate 432 to rotate and engage with the positioning arc plate 434 to limit drill rod 412. Then activate the first adjusting motor 437 to rotate the adjusting wheel 431 in the opposite direction to separate drill rod 412. At the same time, activate the second hydraulic rod 423 to move the connecting plate 61 outward synchronously, so that drill rod 412 can be stably separated. After drill rod 412 is separated, activate the third hydraulic rod 421 to move the connecting plate 61 outward synchronously. The pressure rod 421 causes the feeding plate 43 to move downwards. At the same time, the fourth adjusting motor of the storage tank 41 on the side that needs to be recycled is started, causing the discharge plate 415 to tilt outwards. This causes the end of the guide plate 418 to move to the bottom of the positioning arc plate 434. When the positioning arc plate 434 moves to the bottom of the guide plate 418, the third hydraulic rod 421 on the side near the guide plate 418 continues to move downwards, while the third hydraulic rod 421 on the other side moves downwards slowly. This allows the positioning arc plate 434 to tilt, enabling the drill rod 412 inside the positioning arc plate 434 to separate and roll onto the guide plate 418 as the positioning arc plate 434 tilts. The drill rod 412 then enters the storage tank 41 through the guide plate 418 and the discharge plate 415, thus achieving automatic recycling of the drill rod 412. The above operation is then repeated to achieve sequential recycling of the drill rod 412.

[0077] The method by which the drill bit 3 achieves drilling through the impact power head 5 is a common existing technology in the field of tunnel drilling, so this application will not describe it in detail.

[0078] Any numerical values ​​cited herein include all values ​​ranging from a lower limit to an upper limit, increasing by one unit, with at least two units between any lower and any higher value. For example, if the quantity of a component or a process variable (e.g., temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is described as ranging from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, more preferably from 30 to 70, it is intended to illustrate that values ​​such as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32 are also explicitly listed in this specification. For values ​​less than 1, a unit is appropriately considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, etc. These are merely examples intended for explicit expression, and it can be assumed that all possible combinations of values ​​listed between the minimum and maximum values ​​are similarly explicitly stated in this specification.

[0079] Unless otherwise stated, all ranges include the endpoints and all numbers between them. The terms "approximately" or "about" used with ranges apply to both endpoints of the range. Thus, "approximately 20 to 30" is intended to cover "approximately 20 to approximately 30," including at least the specified endpoints.

[0080] All articles and references disclosed herein, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term “substantially constitutes…” used to describe a combination should include the identified elements, components, parts, or steps, as well as other elements, components, parts, or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novelty of the combination. The use of the terms “comprising” or “including” to describe combinations of elements, components, parts, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments substantially constituted by such elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of the term “may” herein is intended to indicate that any described attribute included by “may” is optional.

[0081] Multiple elements, components, parts, or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part, or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part, or step can be divided into multiple separate elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of "a" or "an" to describe an element, component, part, or step does not imply the exclusion of other elements, components, parts, or steps.

[0082] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. Many embodiments and applications beyond the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of this teaching should not be determined by reference to the above description, but rather by reference to the appended claims and the full scope of their equivalents. For purposes of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the preceding claims is not intended as a waiver of that subject matter, nor should it be construed as an indication that the inventors have not considered that subject matter as part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the structural topography, predicted adverse geological structures, and engineering tunnel conditions within the tunnel area; perform geometric modeling based on the structural topography, predicted adverse geological structures, and engineering tunnel conditions to determine a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalization model; S2: Determine the distribution location of tunnel advance boreholes based on the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalization model; S3: Move the advanced drilling vehicle to the advanced drilling location and set a detection sensor on the drill bit for detection. S4: Fix the advanced drilling vehicle. Use the reciprocating impact power head to drive the drill rod on the mast to align the drill bit with the borehole for drilling. Utilize the rapid rod mounting system inside the advanced drilling vehicle to enable unmanned, automated, and efficient rod mounting. The drill rod can be automatically connected and drilled quickly. The detection sensors can quickly and efficiently sense the situation inside the borehole and transmit it to the external system processing mechanism to achieve advanced detection. The advanced drilling vehicle includes a base, a walking mechanism for driving the base to move, a mast that can move up and down and is set above the base, a positioning sleeve set at one end of the mast and used to limit the drill rod, and an impact power head for driving the drill rod to drill. The mast includes two slide plates that are fixedly connected to each other and are parallel to each other. The impact power head is slidably connected to the slide plates, and the positioning sleeve is set at the other end of the slide plates. The rapid rod loading system includes a feeding plate, a positioning arc plate, and a storage trough. A base plate is fixedly connected between the sliding plates. An adjustable plate that can move back and forth is provided on the base plate. The upper end of the adjustable plate is provided with a feeding plate that can move up and down. The feeding plate is provided with symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected positioning arc plates. The positioning arc plates are semi-circular. One end of the positioning arc plate is provided with an opening and closing limiting arc plate for limiting the drill rod. The sliding plates are provided with storage troughs for storing the drill rod. One side wall of the storage trough located on one side of the positioning arc plate is provided with an opening and closing discharge plate for guiding the drill rod into the positioning arc plate. The positioning arc plate is provided with a rotatable adjusting wheel for driving the drill rod to rotate.

2. The multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is provided with symmetrically distributed first hydraulic rods for driving the mast up and down. The mast is provided with connecting plates fixedly connected to both sides, and the outer side of the connecting plates is fixedly connected to the first hydraulic rods.

3. The multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the positioning arc plate is provided with an adjustment groove, the adjustment wheel is set in the adjustment groove, the feeding plate is provided with a first adjustment motor for driving the adjustment wheel to rotate, and a second adjustment motor is provided on one side of the positioning arc plate for driving the limiting arc plate to rotate.

4. The multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is provided with a sliding groove, and a connecting plate is provided in the sliding groove. A second hydraulic rod is also provided at one end of the sliding groove and is fixedly connected to drive the connecting plate to move back and forth. A third hydraulic rod is provided on the connecting plate and is symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected. The upper end of the third hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the feeding plate.

5. The multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage tank is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge plate is rotatably installed in the discharge port. The storage tank is provided with a rotatable first adjusting rod, and the storage tank is provided with a first discharge line for driving the drill rod to separate from the discharge port. One end of the first discharge line is fixedly connected to the end of the first adjusting rod, and the other end of the first discharge line is fixedly connected to the bottom of the discharge port.

6. The multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage tank is also equipped with a rotatable second adjusting rod, and the two ends of the discharge plate are provided with a fixedly connected second discharge line, the extension end of the second discharge line being fixedly connected to the second adjusting rod.

7. The multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning sleeve is detachably connected to the mast. There are two first discharge lines. The bottom of the storage tank is through-type, and the bottom of the storage tank is provided with symmetrically distributed sliders that can move back and forth. The sliders are provided with elastic bands that are telescopic and used to restore the first discharge lines to their initial positions. The extended end of the elastic bands is fixedly connected to the first discharge lines. The bottom of the storage tank is provided with recycling tanks for storing sliders on both sides. The bottom plate located directly below the mast is provided with a storage tank corresponding to the storage tank and used for storing drill rods. The storage tank is provided with a lifting plate that can move up and down and is used to drive the drill rods to rise.

8. A method for rapid installation of a drilling rig in a multi-method advanced detection method for water-rich karst tunnels as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) First, the advanced drilling vehicle is transported to the drilling site by the walking mechanism, and then the first hydraulic rod is started, the mast is raised, so that the drill bit on the positioning sleeve corresponds to the drilling hole; (2) Then, the impact power head is used to drill the drill rod with the drill bit into the borehole. When a drill rod is completely drilled in, the impact power head is separated from the end of the drill rod and moved to the end. Then, the discharge plate on one side of the storage tank is opened so that the discharge plate is tilted. Then, the first discharge line is used to raise the drill rod so that the uppermost drill rod moves into the positioning arc plate with the discharge plate. Then, the limiting arc plate is rotated to limit the drill rod with the positioning arc plate. (3) Then, using the third hydraulic rod, the drill rod in the positioning arc plate is raised to the position between the positioning sleeve and the impact power head. Using the second hydraulic rod, the drill rod is moved towards the drill rod entering the borehole. When the drill rod contacts the end of the drill rod in the borehole, since most of the connections between the drill rods are threaded connections, the rotation of the adjusting wheel can drive the drill rod in the positioning arc plate to rotate, so that the drill rod in the positioning arc plate and the drill rod in the borehole are connected by threads, thus realizing the connection between the drill rods, i.e., quick rod mounting. Then, the impact power head is moved to connect with the corresponding end of the drill rod. (4) After the connection is completed, rotate the limiting arc plate to release the fixing of the drill rod, and then restore the initial position through the second hydraulic rod and the third hydraulic rod to wait for the next rod to be lifted; (5) When there are not enough drill rods in the storage tank, separate the positioning sleeve from the mast, hang the positioning sleeve on the outside of the drill hole, move the mast down to the base, slide the slider into the recycling tank, move the first discharge line to both ends of the storage tank, use the lifting plate to push the drill rod in the storage tank into the storage tank, and then let the slider return to the initial position. The first discharge line has completed the fixing of the drill rod, and the drill rod in the storage tank has been loaded. Then let the mast return to the initial position, fix the positioning sleeve to the end of the mast, and then repeat the above steps to realize the sequential loading of the rod.

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