An automatic detection device for deformation of communication towers and its detection method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for automatically detecting deformation of a communication tower and a detection method thereof, which includes a fixed base, a stress column, and a deformation automatic detection component. The stress column is universally hinged to the fixed base and is tightly connected to the easily deformed part of the communication tower. The deformation automatic detection component includes a support base, a deformation piezoelectric part, and a buffer part. The support base is connected to the fixed base, the deformation piezoelectric part is arranged on the support base, and an extrusion part is provided on the stress column. In the present invention, the other end of the stress column is tightly connected to the easily deformed parts of each leg of the communication tower, so that when deformation occurs, the stress column can be subjected to tensile forces in various directions, generating displacements in corresponding directions. Furthermore, the extrusion part on the stress column can generate an extrusion force on the deformation piezoelectric part in the corresponding direction, causing a change in the charge amount of the deformation piezoelectric part. The change in the charge amount increases with the increase of the extrusion force, and according to the comparison between the detected charge amount value and the corresponding threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is determined for maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication tower detection, and particularly to an automatic detection device for communication tower deformation and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of mobile communication networks, as an important auxiliary device for mobile communication, the communication tower has a direct impact on the quality of the wireless network. Although the foundation of the mobile communication tower installed in the wild is firm, due to the long-term influence of crustal movement, weather environment, and human construction (such as wild blasting in the case of building roads), it is prone to tilt. When the tilt reaches a certain degree, or due to the stress change of the tower caused by the tilt, it is possible for the tower to deform, thus triggering serious accidents such as abnormal working conditions or even collapse. Moreover, the top area of the tower is relatively high, resulting in inconvenient manual measurement, large visual measurement errors of personnel, and high risks for workers working at heights.

[0003] Currently, in the prior art, most tower deformation detection works adopt the method of sensor detection; for example:

[0004] The prior art with the application number 201620456363.0 discloses a power tower deformation monitoring device based on Beidou technology, including a housing arranged on the tower tip of the tower, a Beidou satellite signal receiving antenna arranged on the surface of the housing, an inclination measurement device, a wireless public network signal transmitting antenna, and a solar panel, as well as a Beidou satellite signal processing board, a microprocessor, an SD card, a wireless communication module, and a storage battery arranged inside the housing. By setting an inclination measurement device, a wireless communication module, and a wireless public network signal transmitting antenna, etc., the real-time deformation state information of each tower can be sent to a remote monitoring platform for centralized monitoring and unified management, avoiding manual inspection and troubleshooting, being able to detect potential hazards in a timely manner, minimizing the harm caused by failures, improving work efficiency, reducing labor costs, protecting power transmission equipment, and reducing the occurrence of power transmission line failures. The housing is fixed on the tower tip of the tower with stainless steel screws, with a relatively tight contact, firm fixation, convenient installation and adjustment, being able to adapt to towers with different tower-shaped structures, and improving the reliability, compatibility, and convenience of tower deformation measurement.

[0005] In the prior art with the application number 202021399312.1, a power tower inclination monitoring device is disclosed, which relates to the technical field of tower monitoring. It includes a tower, and antennas for monitoring the tower are respectively arranged on both axial sides of the tower. A monitoring terminal is also arranged on the tower. The monitoring terminal includes a board receiver, a data parser, and a wireless communicator. The output end of the antenna is connected to the input end of the board receiver, the output end of the board receiver is connected to the input end of the data parser, and the output end of the data parser is connected to the Beidou backend monitoring platform through the wireless communicator; it sends the two attitude angle data of the current tower to the board receiver through two antennas for data collection. The board receiver sends the received data to the data parser for data processing, and finally obtains the two-dimensional attitude angle of the tower through calculation, that is, obtains the current inclination deformation condition of the tower; at the same time, according to the two-dimensional attitude angles of the tower corresponding to the data obtained multiple times in sequence, the inclination deformation trend of the tower can also be predicted;

[0006] In the prior art, there is also a method of using a mechanical detection mechanism to perform deformation detection work on iron towers. For example:

[0007] In the prior art with the application number 201610932027.3, a communication tower deformation automatic detection device and a communication tower are disclosed. It includes a base, a detection main frame, a track ball, a spring, a connecting rod, and a rheostat. The base is fixed on the cross beam of the communication tower; the base is in a disk shape as a whole, and several radially uniformly distributed tracks are provided on the upper surface. The tracks are in a groove shape, and a track ball is arranged in each track. The detection main frame is in a column shape as a whole, and a sliding rheostat is arranged inside the detection main frame. The sliding rheostat has a sliding piece and a rheostat main body. One end of the rheostat main body is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection main frame, and the other end is slidably connected to the sliding piece. The detection main frame is welded and fixed at the middle position of the upper surface of the base. Springs with the same number as the tracks are respectively installed in the corresponding tracks. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the track ball, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection main frame. Connecting rods with the same number as the tracks are arranged in the same direction as the spring installation direction. One end is fixedly connected to the track ball, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding piece. When the base tilts and the track ball moves due to its own gravity, it drives the connecting rod and the sliding piece of the sliding rheostat to move synchronously, and further changes the resistance output of the sliding rheostat;

[0008] Based on the research and analysis of the above prior art, the applicant found that: in the prior art, whether it is sensor detection or rheostat detection, the corresponding detection equipment is installed at a certain place on the iron tower, that is, the displacement and inclination states at a certain place on the iron tower represent the state of the entire iron tower; during this detection process, since the detection equipment cannot be connected to all the easily deformable areas of the iron tower, that is, the detection equipment is used as a part of the structure of the iron tower, there are large measurement errors;

[0009] In order to reduce the errors existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the applicant has developed an automatic detection device for the deformation of a communication tower that can be connected to all the easily deformable areas of the tower. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide an automatic detection device for the deformation of a communication tower and its detection method. Compared with the traditional single-point deformation detection technology, the detection device is directly arranged inside the communication tower, connected to all the easily deformable areas of the tower through force-bearing columns, and the deformation of the force-bearing columns is converted into piezoelectric information of the corresponding piezoelectric areas.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses an automatic detection device for the deformation of a communication tower, including a fixed base, a force-bearing column, and a deformation automatic detection component. One end of the force-bearing column is universally hinged to the fixed base, and the other end of the force-bearing column is tightly connected to the easily deformable parts of each leg of the communication tower; the deformation automatic detection component includes a support base, a deformation piezoelectric part, and a buffer part. The support base is connected to the fixed base. The support base has an annular channel, and a plurality of the deformation piezoelectric parts are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the annular channel. The plurality of deformation piezoelectric parts enclose a deformation space for the force-bearing column to pass through, and extrusion parts corresponding to each of the deformation piezoelectric parts are respectively arranged on the force-bearing column; both ends of the buffer part are respectively hinged to the inner wall of the annular channel and the outer wall of the force-bearing column. The hinged positions on the annular channel are located between adjacent deformation piezoelectric parts, and when the buffer part returns to its initial position, there is a deformation gap between the extrusion part and the deformation piezoelectric part.

[0012] Preferably, the deformation piezoelectric part is of an arc structure, the outer wall of the arc structure is attached to the inner wall of the annular channel, and the inner wall of the arc structure is attached to the outer wall of the extrusion part.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of the deformation piezoelectric parts are all in the same plane.

[0014] Preferably, reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer wall of the annular channel, and the reinforcing ribs are all in the installation areas of the deformation piezoelectric parts.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the buffer part is universally hinged to the inner wall of the annular channel, and the other end is universally hinged to the outer wall of the force-bearing column.

[0016] Preferably, the support base is connected to the fixed base through a lifting mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the force-bearing column is tensionally connected to the deformable part of the communication tower through horizontally arranged steel cables, and lifting lugs for fixing the steel cables are arranged on the force-bearing column; the stretching direction of each steel cable corresponds to the extrusion direction of each extrusion part.

[0018] Preferably, the number of the lifting lugs is the same as the number of the legs of the communication tower.

[0019] Preferably, the buffer part includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. One end of the first connecting rod is provided with a connecting hole for the second connecting rod to insert, and a return spring is arranged between the bottom of the connecting hole and the inserting end of the second connecting rod; the other end of the first connecting rod is universally hinged to the inner wall of the annular channel, and the non-inserting end of the second connecting rod is universally hinged to the outer wall of the force-bearing column.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for automatically detecting the deformation of a communication tower, including the following contents:

[0021] Installation work: Install the fixed base in the communication tower deformation automatic detection device on the ground or in a firm area of the communication tower; sleeved the deformation automatic detection component on the force-bearing column, and then respectively connect the two ends of the force-bearing column to the fixed base and tensionally connect to the deformable parts of each leg of the communication tower; install the support base in the deformation automatic detection component at the lifting end of the lifting mechanism, and adjust the lifting to the position of the extrusion part of the force-bearing column and then fix it.

[0022] Detection work: When any leg of the communication tower is deformed, the force-bearing column undergoes a displacement in the corresponding direction under the traction of the cable. During the movement, the buffer part rotates and expands and contracts, and at the same time, the deformation piezoelectric part in the displacement direction is extruded by the corresponding extrusion part, generating a charge detection value, and transmitting the charge detection value to the server. When the charge detection value is less than the first threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is the third-level maintenance; when the charge detection value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is the second-level maintenance; when the charge detection value is greater than the second threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is the first-level maintenance.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. At the other end of the force-bearing column in the present invention, it is tightly connected to the easily deformable parts of each leg of the communication tower. When deformation occurs, the force-bearing column can be subjected to tensile forces in all directions, generating displacements in the corresponding directions. Furthermore, the extrusion part on the force-bearing column can exert an extrusion force on the deformation piezoelectric part in the corresponding direction, causing a change in the charge quantity of the deformation piezoelectric part. The change in the charge quantity increases with the increase in the extrusion force. And according to the comparison between the detected charge quantity value and the corresponding threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is determined for maintenance; it should be noted here that: the number of pulling forces and pulling directions of the force-bearing column, the number and setting directions of the extrusion parts, and the number and setting directions of the deformation piezoelectric parts are all adapted to the number and setting positions of the legs of the communication tower to ensure that when the legs deform, the force-bearing column can be accurately pulled, and the extrusion of the extrusion part on the deformation piezoelectric part can be completed;

[0025] 2. In order to ensure that the instantaneous displacement of the force-bearing column will not cause violent damage to the deformation piezoelectric part, a buffer part with both ends hinged is provided between the force-bearing column and the support base. During the movement of the force-bearing column, the buffer part is first compressed, and then the extrusion part comes into contact with and extrudes the deformation piezoelectric part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The following further specific descriptions of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become clearer.

[0027] Figure 1 It is an installation schematic diagram of the automatic detection device for the deformation of the communication tower;

[0028] Figure 2 It is an overall structure schematic diagram of the automatic detection device for the deformation of the communication tower;

[0029] Figure 3 For Figure 2 Partial structure schematic diagram;

[0030] Figure 4 For Figure 3 Cross-sectional view;

[0031] Figure 5 For Figure 3 Top view;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic diagram of the force-bearing column;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the buffer part.

[0034] Description of reference numerals: 1, communication tower; 2, automatic deformation detection device; 3, fixed base; 4, stress column; 5, automatic deformation detection component; 6, support base; 7, deformation piezoelectric part; 8, buffer part; 9, annular channel; 10, extrusion part; 11, deformation gap; 12, reinforcing rib; 13, lifting mechanism; 14, steel cable; 15, lifting lug; 16, first connecting rod; 17, second connecting rod; 18, return spring. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] This embodiment discloses an automatic deformation detection device 2 for a communication tower. The device includes a fixed base 3, a stress column 4, and an automatic deformation detection component 5. These three parts of the structure are the basic components to achieve the basic function of deformation detection. Of course, it does not exclude that other parts of the structure may also be included, such as other auxiliary sensors, inclination sensors, etc.;

[0036] One end of the stress column 4 is universally hinged to the fixed base 3. Among them, the universal hinge structure can be to purchase a separate ball joint structure and fixedly connect one end of the stress column 4 to the ball joint structure, or directly set one end of the stress column 4 as a spherical structure and set a spherical connection groove on the fixed base 3 that matches the spherical structure, as long as the universal hinge structure can be achieved; the other end of the stress column 4 is tightly connected to the easily deformable parts of each leg of the communication tower 1. Among them, the tight connection structure can be a rigid connection structure such as a connecting rod. At this time, during the stress displacement process of the stress column 4, it is necessary to first overcome the supporting force of other connecting rods, that is, the connecting rod not only plays a role in pulling the corresponding stress column 4, but also plays a role in supporting the leg of the communication tower. However, after the connecting rod is damaged, it needs to be replaced, and its reusability is poor; the tight connection structure can also be a flexible connection structure such as a steel cable 14. Generally, during the stress displacement process of the stress column 4, it is not necessary to overcome the supporting force of other steel cables 14, that is, the steel cable 14 only plays a role in pulling the corresponding stress column 4, and its reusability is good; in special cases, other steel cables 14 may also inhibit the movement of the stress column 4. At this time, it is necessary to first break or detach other steel cables 14 before piezoelectric detection can be carried out; as a specific implementation method, the stress column 4 is tightly connected to the easily deformable part of the communication tower 1 through a horizontally or otherwise arranged steel cable 14, and lifting lugs 15 for fixing the steel cable 14 are provided on the stress column 4; the stretching direction of each steel cable 14 corresponds to the extrusion direction of each extrusion part 10.

[0037] As the main functional component of the present invention, the deformation automatic detection component 5 includes a support base 6, a deformation piezoelectric part 7 and a buffer part 8. The support base 6 is connected to the fixed base 3. Among them, the fixed base 3 is installed on the ground or in a firm area of the communication tower 1, such as the support section near the ground on the leg of the communication tower 1, which has good structural stability. Compared with the middle and top sections of the leg, it is not easy to have structural deformation; the support base 6 can be fixedly connected to the fixed base 3 or connected to the fixed base 3 through a lifting mechanism 13. For example, the lifting mechanism 13 can be a lifting oil cylinder or a lifting screw rod and other structures to meet the lifting function. Preferably, some lifting mechanisms 13 with better lateral force resistance are selected to avoid the problem of damage to the lifting mechanism 13 caused by lateral force during the piezoelectric generation process, which is beneficial to the maintenance work after deformation.

[0038] The support base 6 is provided with an annular channel 9. Along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the annular channel 9, a number of deformation piezoelectric parts 7 are arranged at intervals. The number of deformation piezoelectric parts 7 encloses a deformation space for the force-bearing column 4 to pass through. Extrusion parts 10 corresponding to each deformation piezoelectric part 7 are respectively arranged on the force-bearing column 4. Both ends of the buffer part 8 are hinged to the inner wall of the annular channel 9 and the outer wall of the force-bearing column 4 respectively. The hinged positions on the annular channel 9 are located between adjacent deformation piezoelectric parts 7. When the buffer part 8 returns to its initial position, there is a deformation gap 11 between the extrusion part 10 and the deformation piezoelectric part 7. Among them, the deformation piezoelectric part 7 is a piezoelectric ceramic or other piezoelectric structures that can generate piezoelectric effects. The specific structure will not be elaborated. There are also components such as charge amplifiers used in conjunction with the piezoelectric ceramic to obtain the electric charge quantity of the piezoelectric ceramic.

[0039] The deformation process of the above technical solution is as follows: When the force-bearing column 4 is stressed and generates displacement in the corresponding direction, the buffer part 8 at the corresponding direction shrinks, and the opposite buffer part 8 elongates. Its shrinkage and elongation amounts must be greater than the deformation gap 11. For example, the size of the deformation gap 11 is one-half to one-third of the shrinkage and elongation amounts to slow down the instantaneous deformation of the force-bearing column 4; that is, in order to ensure that the instantaneous displacement of the force-bearing column 4 will not cause violent damage to the deformation piezoelectric part 7, in the present invention, a buffer part 8 with both ends hinged is provided between the force-bearing column 4 and the support base 6. During the movement of the force-bearing column 4, the buffer part 8 is first compressed, and then the extrusion part 10 contacts and squeezes the deformation piezoelectric part 7; in order to facilitate the shrinkage and elongation actions of the buffer part 8 and avoid the problem of moving dead points, one end of the buffer part 8 is universally hinged to the inner wall of the annular channel 9, fully ensuring the smooth movement of the buffer part 8.

[0040] During the movement of the force-bearing column 4, it may be affected by a lateral force, resulting in uneven force on the buffer part 8 during its movement. Therefore, on the one hand, the compression surface area of the deformable piezoelectric part 7 is arranged to be larger than the extrusion surface area of the extrusion part 10, so that when the extrusion part 10 is offset, it can still be covered by the deformable piezoelectric part 7. On the other hand, the deformable piezoelectric part 7 is set as an arc structure, the outer wall of the arc structure fits with the inner wall of the annular channel 9, and the inner wall of the arc structure fits with the outer wall of the extrusion part 10, so that the extrusion part 10 can be completely fitted with the deformable piezoelectric part 7 during the extrusion process.

[0041] As an implementation manner, several deformable piezoelectric parts 7 in the present invention are all in the same plane; of course, the deformable piezoelectric parts 7 can also be arranged at intervals adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and offset in the axial direction, and can be selected according to the actual situation, and the piezoelectric effect can be realized.

[0042] In order to ensure the structural strength of the annular channel 9, reinforcing ribs 12 are provided on the outer wall of the annular channel 9 in the present invention. In particular, it is necessary to ensure the strength at the installation area of the deformable piezoelectric part 7, and reinforcing ribs 12 can be provided in each installation area.

[0043] As a specific implementation manner, the number of lifting lugs 15 in the present invention is the same as the number of legs of the communication tower 1.

[0044] As a specific implementation manner, the buffer part 8 in the present invention includes a first connecting rod 16 and a second connecting rod 17. One end of the first connecting rod 16 is provided with a connecting hole for the second connecting rod 17 to insert, and a return spring 18 is arranged between the bottom of the connecting hole and the insertion end of the second connecting rod 17; the other end of the first connecting rod 16 is universally hinged to the inner wall of the annular channel 9, and the non-insertion end of the second connecting rod 17 is universally hinged to the outer wall of the force-bearing column 4.

[0045] The present invention also provides a method for automatically detecting the deformation of a communication tower, including the following content:

[0046] Installation work: Install the fixed base 3 in the communication tower deformation automatic detection device 2 on the ground or in a firm area of the communication tower 1; sleeved the deformation automatic detection component 5 on the force-bearing column 4, and then connect the two ends of the force-bearing column 4 to the fixed base 3 and the easily deformable parts of each leg of the communication tower 1 in a tensioned manner; install the support base 6 in the deformation automatic detection component 5 at the lifting end of the lifting mechanism 13, and adjust the lifting to the position of the extrusion part 10 of the force-bearing column 4 and then fix it.

[0047] Detection work: When any leg of the communication tower 1 is deformed, the stress column 4 undergoes displacement in the corresponding direction under the pulling of the cable anchor. During the movement, the buffer part 8 rotates and expands and contracts. At the same time, the deformed piezoelectric part 7 in the displacement direction is squeezed by the corresponding squeezing part 10, generating a charge detection value, and transmitting this charge detection value to the server. When the charge detection value is less than the first threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is the third-level maintenance; when the charge detection value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is the second-level maintenance; when the charge detection value is greater than the second threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is the first-level maintenance. Among them, the first-level maintenance is the most serious level and requires immediate emergency repair. The selection of the threshold can be made according to the actual situation and will not be elaborated here.

[0048] The present invention provides an idea and method for an automatic detection device for the deformation of a communication tower and its detection method. There are many methods and ways to specifically implement this technical solution. The above is only the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Each component not clearly defined in this embodiment can be realized by using existing technologies.

Claims

1. An automatic detection device for the deformation of a communication tower, characterized in that It includes a fixed base (3), a force-bearing column (4) and a deformation automatic detection component (5). One end of the force-bearing column (4) is universally hinged to the fixed base (3), and the other end of the force-bearing column (4) is tensionally connected to the easily deformable parts of each leg of the external communication tower (1); the deformation automatic detection component (5) includes a support base (6), a deformation piezoelectric part (7) and a buffer part (8). The support base (6) is connected to the fixed base (3). The support base (6) has an annular channel (9). A number of deformation piezoelectric parts (7) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the annular channel (9). The number of deformation piezoelectric parts (7) encloses a deformation space for the force-bearing column (4) to pass through. Extrusion parts (10) corresponding to each of the deformation piezoelectric parts (7) are respectively arranged on the force-bearing column (4); One end of the buffer part is universally hinged to the inner wall of the annular channel (9), and the other end is universally hinged to the outer wall of the force-bearing column (4); The hinged position on the annular channel (9) is located between adjacent deformation piezoelectric parts (7), and when the buffer part returns to its initial position, there is a deformation gap (11) between the extrusion part (10) and the deformation piezoelectric part (7). A lifting lug (15) for fixing a steel cable (14) is arranged on the force-bearing column (4); The number of the lifting lugs (15) is the same as the number of the legs of the communication tower (1). The force-bearing column (4) is tensionally connected to the easily deformable part of the communication tower (1) through a horizontally arranged steel cable (14), and the stretching direction of each steel cable (14) corresponds to the extrusion direction of each extrusion part (10).

2. The automatic deformation detection device for a communication tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformation piezoelectric part (7) is of an arc structure. The outer wall of the arc structure is attached to the inner wall of the annular channel (9), and the inner wall of the arc structure is attached to the outer wall of the extrusion part (10).

3. The automatic deformation detection device for a communication tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, A number of the deformation piezoelectric parts (7) are all in the same plane.

4. The automatic deformation detection device for a communication tower according to claim 3, wherein A number of reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer wall of the annular channel (9), and the reinforcing ribs are arranged in the installation area of the deformation piezoelectric part.

5. The automatic deformation detection device for a communication tower according to claim 1, wherein, The support base (6) is connected to the fixed base (3) through a lifting mechanism (13).

6. The automatic deformation detection device for a communication tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer part (8) includes a first connecting rod (16) and a second connecting rod (17). One end of the first connecting rod (16) has a connecting hole for the second connecting rod (17) to be inserted. A return spring (18) is arranged between the bottom of the connecting hole and the inserted end of the second connecting rod (17); The other end of the first connecting rod (16) is universally hinged to the inner wall of the annular channel (9), and the non-inserted end of the second connecting rod (17) is universally hinged to the outer wall of the force-bearing column (4).

7. An automatic detection method for the deformation of a communication tower, which is implemented by using the automatic detection device for the deformation of a communication tower described in claim 5, is characterized in that, The detection method includes the following contents: Installation work: Install the fixed base (3) in the communication tower deformation automatic detection device (2) on the ground or in a firm area of the communication tower (1); sleeved the deformation automatic detection component (5) on the force-bearing column (4), then connect one end of the force-bearing column (4) to the fixed base (3), and the other end is tightly connected to the easily deformable parts of each leg of the communication tower (1); install the support base (6) in the deformation automatic detection component (5) at the lifting end of the lifting mechanism (13), and adjust the lifting to the position of the extrusion part (10) of the force-bearing column (4) and then fix it. Detection work: When any leg of the communication tower (1) is deformed, the force-bearing column (4) undergoes a displacement in the corresponding direction under the traction of the steel cable (14). During the movement, the buffer part (8) rotates and expands and contracts. At the same time, the deformation piezoelectric part (7) in the displacement direction is squeezed by the corresponding extrusion part (10), generating a charge detection value, and transmitting this charge detection value to the server. When the charge detection value is less than the first threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is the third-level maintenance; when the charge detection value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is the second-level maintenance; when the charge detection value is greater than the second threshold, the corresponding maintenance level is the first-level maintenance.

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