Vertical hole drilling machine and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vertical hole drilling machine and its construction method. The vertical hole drilling machine includes a main machine and a drill head. A hydraulic module and an electrical control module are provided on the side of the main machine. The main machine includes a lower frame body and an upper frame body, and a lifting mechanism is provided between them. A traveling mechanism and a supporting mechanism are provided on the lower frame body, and a clamping and swinging mechanism is provided on the upper frame body. Guide rails are provided on opposite sides of the upper frame body, and a movable tilting gantry is provided on the guide rails. A suspension mechanism is provided on the movable tilting gantry. The clamping and swinging mechanism is connected to the casing, and the suspension mechanism is connected to the drill head. The construction method includes main machine assembly, leveling, casing installation, the drill head reaching the working position and working, and drilling completion. The present invention is convenient, reliable, efficient and economical to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hole-forming machine and a construction method thereof, and particularly to a vertical hole-forming machine and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A deep foundation composed of piles and a pile cap connecting the pile tops or a single-pile foundation connecting columns and pile foundations is simply called a pile foundation.

[0003] Previously, basically, it was made by deep excavation, then supporting steel bars and pouring concrete. Among them, there are various underground hole-forming methods for deep excavation, such as manual hole-digging, mechanical Luoyang shovel hole-forming, grab bucket hole-forming, positive and reverse circulation rotary drilling, impact drilling, rotary drilling rig hole-forming, etc. Manual hole-digging has potential safety hazards, slow construction progress, and poor adaptability to geology; the mechanical Luoyang shovel hole-forming method is only suitable for dry hole-forming of small-diameter pile holes and has poor adaptability to geology; the principle of grab bucket hole-forming is similar to that of the mechanical Luoyang shovel, both using the winch as the power, using the free fall to impact the soil body, and then using the pulley amplitude change to close the grab bucket petals and lift the soil to the ground. The impact force of grab bucket hole-forming is limited, and it is difficult to make progress when encountering hard soil or rock strata; for the positive and reverse circulation drilling and impact drilling hole-forming methods, the amount of mud and slag treatment is large, the moisture content in the dug mud and slag is high, it is difficult to discard the soil, the lifting speed of the mud and slag is slow, and the slag and stone cannot be directly lifted, resulting in low construction efficiency, large floor area of the mud pit, and serious environmental pollution; for the rotary drilling rig hole-forming method, although the work efficiency is improved, it is limited by the depth of the pile hole. When encountering hard soil or rock strata, it is also difficult for the rock-embedded helix and core drill of the rotary drilling rig to make progress, and the efficiency is low.

[0004] Currently, in hard rock working conditions, there are two main types of commonly used methods for tunnel or other rock-breaking construction. The first type is the drill and blast method, that is, drilling holes and placing explosives, and using the shock wave energy formed after the explosion of the explosives to break the rock mass. This method is widely used due to its high construction efficiency; the second type of method is the non-blasting mechanical method and the shield method. However, non-blasting methods such as the shield method often encounter randomly distributed spherical granite and bedrock, and the spherical granite has different shapes, sizes, and strengths, and the bedrock makes the rock and soil layers in the tunnel uneven in hardness. In such strata, the tunneling efficiency is low, the cutter head and cutters are severely worn, and it is easy to produce cutter jamming, cutter deviation, cutter dropping, cutter side wear, line deviation, etc. The treatment speed is slow, affecting the construction progress. Sometimes, even the design needs to be changed, resulting in high cost. For tunnels with a short construction distance, the economic benefit is poor. And small excavation equipment such as cantilever tunnel boring machines and breaker hammers have limited operating capabilities. For hard rock working conditions with a Prandtl hardness coefficient exceeding f6, the construction efficiency is low and the tools are worn quickly, resulting in limited use of this method in hard rock working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Object of the Invention: The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a convenient, reliable, efficient and economical vertical hole-forming technology, applicable to vertical hole-forming machines and methods under various working conditions.

[0006] Technical solution: To solve the above technical problems, the vertical hole drilling machine of the present invention includes a main machine and a machine head. A hydraulic module and an electrical control module are provided on the side of the main machine. The main machine includes a lower frame body and an upper frame body. A lifting mechanism is provided between them. A traveling mechanism and a supporting mechanism are provided on the lower frame body. A clamping and swinging mechanism is provided on the upper frame body. Guide rails are provided on opposite sides of the upper frame body. A movable tipping gantry is provided on the guide rails. A suspension mechanism is provided on the movable tipping gantry. The clamping and swinging mechanism is connected to the casing, and the suspension mechanism is connected to the machine head.

[0007] Further, the machine head includes a rotary drilling head, a combination head of a breaker grab, and a rock-breaking head;

[0008] The rotary drilling head includes a connecting platform I. A number of inner support mechanisms I are evenly provided on the side of the connecting platform I. A slag discharge hopper is connected below the connecting platform I.

[0009] The inner support mechanism I includes an inner support block I and an inner support oil cylinder I. The inner end of the inner support block I is connected to the inner support oil cylinder I. The inner support oil cylinder I is provided in the connecting platform I.

[0010] The combination head of the breaker grab includes a connecting platform II. A number of inner support mechanisms II are evenly provided on the side of the connecting platform II. A number of grab mechanisms and a breaking mechanism are connected below the connecting platform II.

[0011] The inner support mechanism II includes an inner support block II and an inner support oil cylinder II. The inner end of the inner support block II is connected to the inner support oil cylinder II. The inner support oil cylinder II is provided in the connecting platform II.

[0012] The grab mechanism includes a grab bracket. The upper part of the grab bracket is connected to the connecting platform II through a grab lifting oil cylinder. A number of guide columns are provided beside the grab lifting oil cylinder. The grab lifting oil cylinder is provided on the connecting platform II. The guide columns pass through the connecting platform II and are connected to the grab bracket. A grab is movably provided at the lower part of the grab bracket. A grab opening and closing oil cylinder is provided at the connection between the grab bracket and the grab.

[0013] The breaking mechanism includes a breaking bracket connected to the connecting platform II. A breaker is movably provided at the lower part of the breaking bracket. A breaker oil cylinder is provided at the connection between the breaking bracket and the breaker.

[0014] A wire hole is provided in the middle of the connecting platform II. A number of lifting lugs are provided on the connecting platform II outside the wire hole.

[0015] The rock-breaking head includes an upper support. A number of inner support mechanisms III are evenly arranged on the side of the upper support. A slewing mechanism is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the upper support. A lower support is arranged below the slewing mechanism. A number of drilling mechanisms and rock-cracking mechanisms are connected and arranged on the lower support. The drilling mechanism is connected to the lower support through a drilling slide rail, and the rock-cracking mechanism is connected to the lower support through a rock-cracking slide rail;

[0016] The inner support mechanism III includes an inner support block III and an inner support oil cylinder III. The inner end of the inner support block III is connected to the inner support oil cylinder III, and the inner support oil cylinder III is arranged on the upper support;

[0017] The slewing mechanism includes a slewing disc reducer and a motor I. The motor I is connected to the slewing disc reducer. The upper end of the slewing disc reducer is fixedly connected to the upper support, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower support;

[0018] The drilling mechanism includes a slide block I. A drill is arranged on the slide block I. The slide block I is connected to a sprocket and chain mechanism. The sprocket and chain mechanism is arranged in the drilling slide rail. A motor II is arranged at one end of the sprocket and chain mechanism. The motor II drives the sprocket and chain mechanism and the slide block I to slide on the drilling slide rail;

[0019] The rock-cracking mechanism includes a slide block II. A rock-cracker is arranged on the slide block II. The slide block II is connected to one end of an oil cylinder. The oil cylinder is arranged in the rock-cracking slide rail. The oil cylinder drives the slide block II to slide on the rock-cracking slide rail.

[0020] Further, four grab mechanisms are evenly connected and arranged below the connecting platform II. There is a spacing between adjacent grab mechanisms. A crushing mechanism is arranged within this spacing. A grab lifting oil cylinder and two guide columns are connected to the upper part of the grab support. The guide columns are arranged on both sides of the grab lifting oil cylinder.

[0021] Further, three drills and three rock-crackers are respectively provided. The drills are evenly distributed below the lower support. A rock-cracker is arranged between every two adjacent drills. The rotation centers of the drills and the rock-cracking centers of the rock-crackers are arranged on the same circumference.

[0022] Further, both the lifting mechanism and the support mechanism adopt oil cylinder mechanisms.

[0023] Further, the traveling mechanism adopts a crawler structure.

[0024] Further, the clamping and swinging mechanism includes a fixed ring plate. A clamping ring plate is arranged at each end of the fixed ring plate. A clamping oil cylinder is arranged between the clamping ring plates. Each clamping ring plate is connected to a swinging oil cylinder.

[0025] Furthermore, the movable tilting gantry includes a gantry support. At the connection between the gantry support and the guide rail, there are connecting seats Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The gantry support is hinged to the connecting seat Ⅰ, and the gantry support is detachably installed with the connecting seat Ⅱ.

[0026] Furthermore, the casing includes a bottom casing and a connecting casing. The bottom casing includes a cylinder Ⅰ. At the bottom of the cylinder Ⅰ, there are sawteeth, and at the upper part of the cylinder Ⅰ, there is a connecting step Ⅰ. The connecting casing includes a cylinder Ⅱ. At the upper part of the cylinder Ⅱ, there is a connecting step Ⅱ.

[0027] The construction method of the vertical hole drilling machine includes the following steps.

[0028] (1) Main machine assembly: After each component is transported to the site by cableway and assembled into the main machine on-site, after the assembly is completed, it walks to the tower position through the traveling mechanism.

[0029] (2) Leveling: The support mechanism at the bottom of the lower frame body extends to lift the main machine off the ground, and the main machine is ensured to be level by adjusting through the support mechanism.

[0030] (3) Casing installation: The casing is hoisted by the suspension mechanism on the movable tilting gantry. The movable tilting gantry can move in the horizontal direction of the main machine. The suspension mechanism can achieve 360° rotation. The lifting mechanism is in the extended state, the clamping oil cylinder contracts, and the fixed ring and the clamping ring clamp the casing.

[0031] (4) The head reaches the working position: The head is conveyed horizontally through the movable tilting gantry of the main machine, and the head is conveyed vertically through the suspension mechanism on the movable tilting gantry, and the head is conveyed to the bottom of the casing.

[0032] (5) The head works:

[0033] (5.1) The rotating head works: After the rotating head reaches the working position, the inner support mechanism on its side pushes out and maintains pressure to form a stable connection with the casing. The casing is driven to rotate by the telescopic swing oil cylinder. The casing drives the rotating head to rotate, and the casing is pressed into the vertical direction by the retraction of the lifting mechanism. The rotating head discharges soil in a timely manner.

[0034] (5.2) Operation of the breaker grab combination head: When encountering soft rock during tunneling, replace the rotary head with the breaker grab combination head. Transport the breaker grab combination head to the bottom of the casing. After reaching the working position, the internal support mechanism on its side extends to maintain pressure, forming a stable connection with the casing. At this time, the working state of the head is the breaker breaking state. The grab lifting cylinder contracts, and at the same time, the grab opening and closing cylinder contracts, making the four-piece grab at the topmost position. The four breakers are controlled to open and close by the breaker cylinder. Then, the casing is rotated by the telescopic swing cylinder on the vertical drilling machine. The casing drives the head to rotate, and the casing is pressed into the vertical direction by the retraction of the lifting mechanism on the vertical drilling machine, realizing the head breaking tunneling process. Then, the breaker cylinder of the head contracts, and the breaker returns to the zero position. The grab lifting cylinder extends to avoid the breaker and form an excavation space. The grab opening and closing cylinder extends and retracts to grab the muck. The internal support mechanism of the head retracts, and at the same time, the movable tipping gantry lifts the head to discharge the muck;

[0035] (5.3) Operation of the rock-breaking head: When encountering hard rock during tunneling, replace the breaker grab combination head with the rock-breaking head. Transport the rock-breaking head to the bottom of the casing. After reaching the working position, the internal support mechanism on its side extends to maintain pressure, forming a stable connection with the casing. Then, the drilling mechanism drills the rock layer. After drilling N holes according to requirements, the drilling mechanism returns to the initial position. After the slewing mechanism slews a certain angle, the rock splitting mechanism inserts into the just-drilled hole, and the rock splitting mechanism starts to work, impacting and breaking the rock. Repeat several times until the entire rock layer is in a cracked state. Then, replace the rock-breaking head with the breaker grab combination head. Transport the breaker grab combination head to the bottom of the casing. After reaching the working position, the internal support mechanism on its side extends to maintain pressure, forming a stable connection with the casing, and repeat the breaking and muck discharging;

[0036] (6) Drilling is completed.

[0037] The drill and rock splitter in the present invention belong to the prior art.

[0038] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of the present invention are as follows: The overall structure of the present invention is reasonably arranged, and the weight of each single piece is less than 2 tons. It can realize the functions of cableway and self-propelled walking, with a low walking height and can climb a slope of 30°. A casing is provided, which has the ability to break rocks by itself. In the case of poor geological conditions, the steel casing can be used as a support to effectively deal with the problem of deep well collapse. The rotary head is used for soft soil layers. After the soil is excavated by a lotus grab or a rotary bucket and then grabbed, the soil is dumped by a suspension mechanism. The combination head of a breaker and a grab is used for soft rocks. A connecting platform is adopted to combine an inner support mechanism, a grab mechanism and a breaking mechanism. The inner support mechanism includes inner support blocks and inner support cylinders. The inner support blocks are stably connected to the inner wall of the casing by being pushed out by the inner support cylinders to facilitate the subsequent work of the breaking mechanism and the grab mechanism. The breaking mechanism includes a breaking support, a breaker and a breaker cylinder arranged at their connection. The opening and closing angle of the breaker is controlled by the breaker cylinder to align with the soft rock for convenient breaking. After breaking, the crushed stones are extracted by the grab mechanism. The grab mechanism includes a grab support, a grab, a grab opening and closing cylinder arranged at the connection between the grab support and the grab, and a grab lifting cylinder and a guide post arranged on the upper part of the grab support. The lifting of the grab is controlled by the grab lifting cylinder, and the opening and closing of the grab are controlled by the grab opening and closing cylinder. The rock-breaking head is used for hard rocks. The inner support mechanism includes inner support blocks and inner support cylinders. The inner support blocks are stably connected to the inner wall of the casing by being pushed out by the inner support cylinders to facilitate the subsequent work of the drilling mechanism and the rock splitting mechanism. A slewing mechanism is arranged between the upper support and the lower support, and the slewing mechanism drives the lower support to rotate. The slewing mechanism includes a slewing disc reducer and a motor Ⅰ, which is convenient and reliable to use. Three drilling mechanisms are evenly arranged below the lower support, and a rock splitting mechanism is arranged between two adjacent drilling mechanisms. The drilling mechanism includes a motor Ⅱ, a sprocket and chain mechanism, a slide block Ⅰ, and a drill. The motor Ⅱ drives the sprocket and chain mechanism and the slide block Ⅰ to slide on the drilling slide rail. The three drills drill holes at the same time, drilling three holes each time and drilling in multiple times. The rock splitting mechanism includes an oil cylinder, a slide block Ⅱ, and a rock splitter. The oil cylinder drives the slide block Ⅱ to slide on the rock splitting slide rail. In addition, the rotation center of the drill and the rock splitting center of the rock splitter are arranged on the same circumference. After the drilling mechanism finishes working and returns to the initial position, the slewing mechanism slews a certain angle, and then the three rock splitters are inserted into the drilled holes for rock splitting. After repeating several times, the entire rock layer is in a cracked state. The overall safety is high, and it is applicable to projects such as vertical wells and horizontal tunnels, and can also be used in other occasions at any angle. It has a powerful rock-breaking ability and can achieve a rock-breaking ability of 20 - 100 Mpa. The present invention is convenient and reliable to use, efficient and economical. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is the structure schematic diagram of the lower frame body of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper frame body in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic assembly structure diagram of the lower frame body and the upper frame body in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic connection structure diagram of the fixed ring plate, the clamping ring plate and the clamping oil cylinder in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the combined head of the breaker grab in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the combined head of the breaker grab in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rock-breaking head in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the rock-breaking head in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom casing in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 11 It is a diagram of the gantry support in the lying-down state in the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 11As shown in the figure, the vertical hole drilling machine of the present invention includes a main machine and a machine head. A hydraulic module 1 and an electrical control module 2 are provided on the side of the main machine. The main machine includes a lower frame body 3 and an upper frame body 4. A lifting oil cylinder mechanism is provided between them. A crawler structure and a support oil cylinder mechanism are provided on the lower frame body 3. A clamping and swinging mechanism 8 is provided on the upper frame body 4. The clamping and swinging mechanism 8 includes a fixed ring plate 45. A clamping ring plate 46 is provided at each end of the fixed ring plate 45. A clamping oil cylinder 47 is provided between the clamping ring plates 46. Each clamping ring plate 46 is connected to a swinging oil cylinder. Guide rails 9 are provided on opposite sides of the upper frame body 4. A movable tilting gantry 10 is provided on the guide rails 9. The movable tilting gantry 10 includes a gantry support 48. A connecting seat I 49 and a connecting seat II 50 are provided at the connection between the gantry support 48 and the guide rail 9. The gantry support 48 is hinged to the connecting seat I 49. The gantry support 48 is detachably installed with the connecting seat II 50. A suspension mechanism 11 is provided on the movable tilting gantry 10. The clamping and swinging mechanism 8 is connected to the casing. The suspension mechanism 11 is connected to the machine head.

[0052] As Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown in the figure, the machine head includes a rotary drilling head, a combination head of a breaker grab, and a rock breaking head;

[0053] The rotary drilling head includes a connecting platform I 12. Four inner support mechanisms I 13 are evenly provided on the side of the connecting platform I 12. A slag discharge hopper 14 is connected below the connecting platform I 12.

[0054] The inner support mechanism I 13 includes an inner support block I and an inner support oil cylinder I. The inner end of the inner support block I is connected to the inner support oil cylinder I. The inner support oil cylinder I is provided in the connecting platform I 12.

[0055] The combination head of the breaker grab includes a connecting platform II 15. Four inner support mechanisms II 16 are evenly provided on the side of the connecting platform II 15. Four grab mechanisms 17 are evenly connected below the connecting platform II 15. There is a spacing between adjacent grab mechanisms 17. A breaking mechanism 18 is arranged within this spacing;

[0056] The inner support mechanism II 16 includes an inner support block II 19 and an inner support oil cylinder II 20. The inner end of the inner support block II 19 is connected to the inner support oil cylinder II 20. The inner support oil cylinder II 20 is provided in the connecting platform II 15.

[0057] The grab mechanism 17 includes a grab support 21. At the upper part of the grab support 21, a grab lifting oil cylinder 22 and two guide columns 23 are connected and provided. The guide columns 23 are arranged on both sides of the grab lifting oil cylinder 22. The upper part of the grab support 21 is connected to the connecting platform II 15 through the grab lifting oil cylinder 22. The grab lifting oil cylinder 22 is arranged on the connecting platform II 15. The guide columns 23 pass through the connecting platform II 15 and are connected to the grab support 21. At the lower part of the grab support 21, a grab 24 is movably arranged. At the connection between the grab support 21 and the grab 24, a grab opening and closing oil cylinder 25 is provided.

[0058] The crushing mechanism 18 includes a crushing support 26 connected to the connecting platform II 15. At the lower part of the crushing support 26, a crushing hammer 27 is movably arranged. At the connection between the crushing support 26 and the crushing hammer 27, a crushing hammer oil cylinder 28 is provided.

[0059] A wire hole is provided in the middle of the connecting platform II 15. A number of lifting lugs are provided on the connecting platform II 15 outside the wire hole.

[0060] The rock breaking head includes an upper support 29. On the side of the upper support 29, four inner support mechanisms III are evenly provided. In the middle of the lower part of the upper support 29, a slewing mechanism 30 is provided. At the lower part of the slewing mechanism 30, a lower support 31 is provided. On the lower support 31, three drilling mechanisms 32 and three rock splitting mechanisms 33 are connected and provided. The drilling mechanism 32 is connected to the lower support 31 through a drilling slide rail 34. The rock splitting mechanism 33 is connected to the lower support 31 through a rock splitting slide rail 35.

[0061] The inner support mechanism III includes an inner support block III and an inner support oil cylinder III. The inner end of the inner support block III is connected to the inner support oil cylinder III. The inner support oil cylinder III is arranged on the upper support 29.

[0062] The slewing mechanism 30 includes a slewing disc reducer 36 and a motor I 37. The motor I 37 is connected to the slewing disc reducer 36. The upper end of the slewing disc reducer 36 is fixedly connected to the upper support 29, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower support 31.

[0063] The drilling mechanism 32 includes a slide block I 38. On the slide block I 38, a drill 39 is provided. The slide block I 38 is connected to a sprocket and chain mechanism 40. The sprocket and chain mechanism 40 is arranged in the drilling slide rail 34. At one end of the sprocket and chain mechanism 40, a motor II 41 is provided. The motor II 41 drives the sprocket and chain mechanism 40 and the slide block I 38 to slide on the drilling slide rail 34.

[0064] The rock splitting mechanism 33 includes a second sliding seat 42, on which a rock splitter 43 is provided. The second sliding seat 42 is connected to one end of an oil cylinder 44. The oil cylinder 44 is arranged in a rock splitting slide rail 35. The oil cylinder 44 drives the second sliding seat 42 to slide on the rock splitting slide rail 35. The drillers 39 are evenly distributed below the lower support 31. A rock splitter 43 is arranged between two adjacent drillers 39. The rotation centers of the drillers 39 and the rock splitting centers of the rock splitters 43 are located on the same circumference.

[0065] As Figure 10 shown, the casing includes a bottom casing and a connecting casing. The bottom casing includes a first cylinder body 51, on the bottom of which sawteeth 52 are provided, and on the upper part of which a connecting step I 53 is provided. The connecting casing includes a second cylinder body, on the upper part of which a connecting step II is provided.

[0066] The construction method of the vertical hole drilling machine includes the following steps:

[0067] (1) Main machine assembly: After each component is transported to the site by cableway and assembled into the main machine on site, the main machine walks to the tower position through the traveling mechanism after assembly.

[0068] (2) Leveling: The support mechanism at the bottom of the lower frame body extends to lift the main machine off the ground, and the main machine is ensured to be level by adjusting through the support mechanism.

[0069] (3) Casing installation: The casing is hoisted by the suspension mechanism on the movable tipping gantry. The movable tipping gantry can move in the horizontal direction of the main machine, the suspension mechanism can rotate 360°, the lifting mechanism is in the extended state, the clamping oil cylinder contracts, and the fixed ring and the clamping ring clamp the casing.

[0070] (4) The machine head reaches the working position: The machine head is conveyed horizontally through the horizontal conveyor of the movable tipping gantry of the main machine, and the machine head is conveyed vertically through the suspension mechanism on the movable tipping gantry, and the machine head is conveyed to the bottom of the casing.

[0071] (5) The machine head works:

[0072] (5.1) The rotating machine head works: After the rotating machine head reaches the working position, the inner support mechanism on its side pushes out to maintain pressure, so that it forms a stable connection with the casing. The casing is driven to rotate by the telescopic swing oil cylinder. The casing drives the rotating machine head to rotate, and the casing is pressed into the vertical direction by retracting the lifting mechanism. The rotating machine head discharges soil in due time.

[0073] (5.2) Operation of the breaker grab combined head: When encountering soft rock during tunneling, replace the rotary head with the breaker grab combined head, and transport the breaker grab combined head to the bottom of the casing. After reaching the working position, the internal support mechanism on its side extends to maintain pressure, forming a stable connection with the casing. At this time, the working state of the head is the breaking state of the breaker. The grab lifting cylinder contracts, and at the same time, the grab opening and closing cylinder contracts, making the four-piece grab at the topmost position. The four breakers are controlled to open and close by the breaker cylinder. Then, the casing is rotated by the telescopic swing cylinder on the vertical drilling machine. The casing drives the head to rotate, and the casing is pressed into the vertical direction by retracting the lifting mechanism on the vertical drilling machine, realizing the tunneling process of the head breaking. Then, the breaker cylinder of the head contracts, and the breaker returns to the zero position. The grab lifting cylinder extends to avoid the breaker and form a digging space. The grab opening and closing cylinder extends and retracts to grab the muck. The internal support mechanism of the head retracts, and at the same time, the movable tipping gantry lifts the head to discharge the muck;

[0074] (5.3) Operation of the rock-breaking head: When encountering hard rock during tunneling, replace the breaker grab combined head with the rock-breaking head, and transport the rock-breaking head to the bottom of the casing. After reaching the working position, the internal support mechanism on its side extends to maintain pressure, forming a stable connection with the casing. Then, the drilling mechanism drills the rock layer. After drilling N holes according to requirements, the drilling mechanism returns to the initial position. After the slewing mechanism slews a certain angle, the rock splitting mechanism inserts into the just-drilled hole, and the rock splitting mechanism starts to work, impacting and breaking the rock. Repeat several times until the entire rock layer is in a cracked state. Then, replace the rock-breaking head with the breaker grab combined head, and transport the breaker grab combined head to the bottom of the casing. After reaching the working position, the internal support mechanism on its side extends to maintain pressure, forming a stable connection with the casing, and repeat the breaking and muck discharging;

[0075] (6) Drilling is completed.

[0076] The overall structure of the present invention is reasonably arranged, and the weight of each single piece is less than 2 tons. It can achieve the functions of cableway and self-propelled walking, with a low walking height and can climb a slope of 30°. A steel casing is provided, which has the ability to break rocks by itself. In the case of poor geological conditions, the steel casing can be used as a support to effectively deal with the problem of deep well collapse. The rotary head is used for soft soil layers. After the soil is excavated by a lotus grab or a rotary bucket and then grabbed, the soil is dumped by a suspension mechanism. The combination head of a breaker grab is used for soft rocks. It adopts a connecting platform to combine an inner support mechanism, a grab mechanism and a breaking mechanism. The inner support mechanism includes inner support blocks and inner support cylinders. The inner support blocks are stably connected to the inner wall of the casing by being pushed out by the inner support cylinders, so as to facilitate the subsequent work of the breaking mechanism and the grab mechanism. The breaking mechanism includes a breaking support, a breaker and a breaker cylinder arranged at their connection. The opening and closing angle of the breaker is controlled by the breaker cylinder to align with the soft rock for convenient breaking. After breaking, the crushed stones are extracted by the grab mechanism. The grab mechanism includes a grab support, a grab, a grab opening and closing cylinder arranged at the connection between the grab support and the grab, and a grab lifting cylinder and a guide post arranged on the upper part of the grab support. The lifting of the grab is controlled by the grab lifting cylinder, and the opening and closing of the grab are controlled by the grab opening and closing cylinder. The rock-breaking head is used for hard rocks. The inner support mechanism includes inner support blocks and inner support cylinders. The inner support blocks are stably connected to the inner wall of the casing by being pushed out by the inner support cylinders, so as to facilitate the subsequent work of the drilling mechanism and the rock splitting mechanism. A slewing mechanism is arranged between the upper support and the lower support, and the slewing mechanism drives the lower support to rotate. The slewing mechanism includes a slewing disc reducer and a motor Ⅰ, which is convenient and reliable to use. Three drilling mechanisms are evenly arranged below the lower support, and a rock splitting mechanism is arranged between two adjacent drilling mechanisms. The drilling mechanism includes a motor Ⅱ, a sprocket and chain mechanism, a slide block Ⅰ and a drill. The motor Ⅱ drives the sprocket and chain mechanism and the slide block Ⅰ to slide on the drilling slide rail. Three drills drill holes at the same time, drilling three holes each time, and drilling in multiple times. The rock splitting mechanism includes an oil cylinder, a slide block Ⅱ and a rock splitter. The oil cylinder drives the slide block Ⅱ to slide on the rock splitting slide rail. In addition, the rotation center of the drill and the rock splitting center of the rock splitter are arranged on the same circumference. After the drilling mechanism finishes working and returns to the initial position, the slewing mechanism slews a certain angle, and then three rock splitters are inserted into the drilled holes for rock splitting. After repeating several times, the whole rock layer is in a cracked state. The overall safety is high, and it is applicable to projects such as vertical wells and horizontal tunnels, and can also be used in other occasions at any angle. It has a strong rock-breaking ability and can achieve a rock-breaking ability of 20 - 100 Mpa. The present invention is convenient and reliable to use, efficient and economical.

[0077] The present invention provides an idea and method. There are many specific methods and ways to implement this technical solution. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Each component not clearly defined in this embodiment can be implemented by using existing technologies.

Claims

1. Vertical hole drilling machine, characterized in that: It includes a main machine and a machine head. A hydraulic module (1) and an electrical control module (2) are provided on the side of the main machine. The main machine includes a lower frame body (3) and an upper frame body (4). A lifting mechanism (5) is provided between them. A traveling mechanism (6) and a support mechanism (7) are provided on the lower frame body (3). A clamping and swinging mechanism (8) is provided on the upper frame body (4). Guide rails (9) are provided on opposite sides of the upper frame body (4). A movable tipping gantry (10) is provided on the guide rails (9). A suspension mechanism (11) is provided on the movable tipping gantry (10). The clamping and swinging mechanism (8) is connected to the casing, and the suspension mechanism (11) is connected to the machine head; The machine head includes a rotary drilling machine head, a combination machine head of a breaker grab, and a rock breaking machine head; The rotary drilling machine head includes a connecting platform I (12). A number of inner support mechanisms I (13) are evenly provided on the side of the connecting platform I (12). A slag discharge hopper (14) is connected and provided below the connecting platform I (12), The inner support mechanism I (13) includes an inner support block I and an inner support oil cylinder I. The inner end of the inner support block I is connected to the inner support oil cylinder I. The inner support oil cylinder I is provided in the connecting platform I (12); The combination machine head of the breaker grab includes a connecting platform II (15). A number of inner support mechanisms II (16) are evenly provided on the side of the connecting platform II (15). A number of grab mechanisms (17) and a breaking mechanism (18) are connected and provided below the connecting platform II (15); The inner support mechanism II (16) includes an inner support block II (19) and an inner support oil cylinder II (20). The inner end of the inner support block II (19) is connected to the inner support oil cylinder II (20). The inner support oil cylinder II (20) is provided in the connecting platform II (15), The grab mechanism (17) includes a grab support (21). The upper part of the grab support (21) is connected to the connecting platform II (15) through a grab lifting oil cylinder (22). A number of guide columns (23) are provided beside the grab lifting oil cylinder (22). The grab lifting oil cylinder (22) is provided on the connecting platform II (15). The guide columns (23) pass through the connecting platform II (15) and are connected to the grab support (21). A grab (24) is movably provided at the lower part of the grab support (21). A grab opening and closing oil cylinder (25) is provided at the connection between the grab support (21) and the grab (24), The breaking mechanism (18) includes a breaking support (26) connected to the connecting platform II (15). A breaker (27) is movably provided at the lower part of the breaking support (26). A breaker oil cylinder (28) is provided at the connection between the breaking support (26) and the breaker (27); A wire hole is provided in the middle of the connecting platform II (15). A number of lifting lugs are provided on the connecting platform II (15) outside the wire hole; The rock-breaking head includes an upper support (29). A number of inner support mechanisms III are evenly arranged on the side of the upper support (29). A slewing mechanism (30) is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the upper support (29). A lower support (31) is arranged below the slewing mechanism (30). A number of drilling mechanisms (32) and rock-cracking mechanisms (33) are connected and arranged on the lower support (31). The drilling mechanism (32) is connected to the lower support (31) through a drilling slide rail (34). The rock-cracking mechanism (33) is connected to the lower support (31) through a rock-cracking slide rail (35). The inner support mechanism III includes an inner support block III and an inner support oil cylinder III. The inner end of the inner support block III is connected to the inner support oil cylinder III. The inner support oil cylinder III is arranged on the upper support (29). The slewing mechanism (30) includes a slewing disc reducer (36) and a motor I (37). The motor I (37) is connected to the slewing disc reducer (36). The upper end of the slewing disc reducer (36) is fixedly connected to the upper support (29), and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower support (31). The drilling mechanism (32) includes a slide seat I (38). A drill (39) is arranged on the slide seat I (38). The slide seat I (38) is connected to a sprocket and chain mechanism (40). The sprocket and chain mechanism (40) is arranged in the drilling slide rail (34). A motor II (41) is arranged at one end of the sprocket and chain mechanism (40). The motor II (41) drives the sprocket and chain mechanism (40) and the slide seat I (38) to slide on the drilling slide rail (34). The rock-cracking mechanism (33) includes a slide seat II (42). A rock-cracker (43) is arranged on the slide seat II (42). The slide seat II (42) is connected to one end of an oil cylinder (44). The oil cylinder (44) is arranged in the rock-cracking slide rail (35). The oil cylinder (44) drives the slide seat II (42) to slide on the rock-cracking slide rail (35). Both the lifting mechanism (5) and the supporting mechanism (7) adopt oil cylinder mechanisms.

2. The vertical hole drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four grab mechanisms (17) are evenly connected and arranged below the connecting platform II (15). There is a space between adjacent grab mechanisms (17). A crushing mechanism (18) is arranged in this space. A grab lifting oil cylinder (22) and two guide columns (23) are connected and arranged on the upper part of the grab support (21). The guide columns (23) are arranged on both sides of the grab lifting oil cylinder (22).

3. The vertical hole drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three drills (39) and three rock-crackers (43) are provided respectively. The drills (39) are evenly distributed below the lower support (31). A rock-cracker (43) is arranged between two adjacent drills (39). The rotation centers of the drills (39) and the rock-cracking centers of the rock-crackers (43) are arranged on the same circumference.

4. The vertical hole drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traveling mechanism (6) adopts a crawler structure.

5. The vertical hole drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein: The clamping and swinging mechanism (8) includes a fixed ring plate (45). A clamping ring plate (46) is arranged at each end of the fixed ring plate (45). A clamping oil cylinder (47) is arranged between the clamping ring plates (46). Each clamping ring plate (46) is connected to a swinging oil cylinder.

6. The vertical hole drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein: The movable tilting gantry (10) includes a gantry support (48). At the connection between the gantry support (48) and the guide rail (9), a connecting seat I (49) and a connecting seat II (50) are provided. The gantry support (48) is hinged to the connecting seat I (49), and the gantry support (48) is detachably installed with the connecting seat II (50).

7. The vertical hole drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casing includes a bottom casing and a connecting casing. The bottom casing includes a cylinder body I (51). At the bottom of the cylinder body I (51), sawteeth (52) are provided. At the upper part of the cylinder body I (51), a connecting step I (53) is provided. The connecting casing includes a cylinder body II. At the upper part of the cylinder body II, a connecting step II is provided.

8. The construction method of the vertical hole drilling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps (1) Assembly of the main machine: After each component is transported to the site by the cableway, it is assembled into the main machine on-site. After the assembly is completed, it walks to the tower position through the traveling mechanism; (2) Leveling: The support mechanism at the bottom of the lower frame body extends to lift the main machine off the ground, and the main machine is ensured to be level by adjusting through the support mechanism; (3) Installation of the casing: The casing is hoisted by the suspension mechanism on the movable tilting gantry. The movable tilting gantry can move in the horizontal direction of the main machine. The suspension mechanism can achieve 360° rotation. The lifting mechanism is in the extended state, the clamping oil cylinder contracts, and the fixed ring plate and the clamping ring plate clamp the casing; (4) The head reaches the working position: The head is conveyed horizontally through the movable tilting gantry of the main machine, and the head is conveyed vertically through the suspension mechanism on the movable tilting gantry, and the head is conveyed to the bottom of the casing; (5) The head works (5.1) The rotating head works: After the rotating head reaches the working position, the inner support mechanism on its side pops out and keeps pressure to form a stable connection with the casing. The casing is driven to rotate by the telescopic swing oil cylinder. The rotating head is driven to rotate by the casing, and the casing is pressed into the vertical direction by retracting the lifting mechanism. The rotating head discharges soil in a timely manner; (5.2) The combined head of the breaker and grab works: When encountering soft rock during tunneling, the rotating head is replaced with the combined head of the breaker and grab. The combined head of the breaker and grab is conveyed to the bottom of the casing. After reaching the working position, the inner support mechanism II on its side pops out and keeps pressure to form a stable connection with the casing. At this time, the working state of the head is the breaking state of the breaker. The grab lifting oil cylinder contracts, and at the same time, the grab opening and closing oil cylinder contracts, so that the four-piece grab is at the topmost position. The four breakers are controlled to open and close by the breaker oil cylinder. Then, the casing is driven to rotate by the telescopic swing oil cylinder on the vertical drilling machine. The head is driven to rotate by the casing, and the casing is pressed into the vertical direction by retracting the lifting mechanism on the vertical drilling machine to realize the head breaking tunneling process. Then, the breaker oil cylinder of the head contracts, the breaker returns to the zero position, the grab lifting oil cylinder extends to avoid the breaker to form an excavation space, the grab opening and closing oil cylinder expands and contracts to grab the muck, the inner support mechanism II of the head retracts, and at the same time, the movable tilting gantry lifts the head to discharge the slag; (5.3) Working of the rock-breaking head: When encountering hard rock during tunneling, replace the breaker grab combination head with the rock-breaking head, and convey the rock-breaking head to the bottom of the casing. After reaching the working position, the internal support mechanism Ⅲ on its side extends and maintains pressure to form a stable connection with the casing. Then, the drilling mechanism drills the rock layer. After drilling N holes as required, the drilling mechanism returns to the initial position. After the slewing mechanism slews a certain angle, the rock splitting mechanism inserts into the just-drilled holes and starts working to impact and break the rock. Repeat several times until the entire rock layer is in a cracked state. Then, replace the rock-breaking head with the breaker grab combination head, convey the breaker grab combination head to the bottom of the casing. After reaching the working position, the internal support mechanism Ⅲ on its side extends and maintains pressure to form a stable connection with the casing, and repeat the process of breaking and slag discharging; (6) Drilling completed.

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