Fan structure and air conditioning

Abstract

The present invention provides a fan structure and air conditioner, wherein the fan structure includes a fan, a guide ring located at the fan outlet and having at least one ventilation hole on its circumference, a lifting device for driving the fan to rise and fall axially along the guide ring, and a pressure detection device for detecting the fan inlet pressure. When the fan inlet pressure exceeds a preset threshold, the lifting device controls the lifting device to drive the fan to rise axially along the guide ring to a position above the ventilation hole. The fan structure and air conditioner provided by the present invention determine whether the unit is in a defrost condition by detecting the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchanger fins. If so, the fan is controlled to rise from an initial height to a ventilation height where the fan blades are higher than the ventilation hole of the guide ring, thereby ventilating and cooling the motor while adjusting the internal and external pressure difference to reduce the fan load, further reducing motor heat generation and improving efficiency. The fan structure and air conditioner provided by the present invention are particularly suitable for outdoor units of air conditioner modules to ventilate and dissipate heat from the fan motor and improve efficiency under harsh defrost conditions of the heat exchanger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioners, and more particularly, relates to a fan structure and an air conditioner that are particularly suitable for an air conditioner module. Background Art

[0002] At present, the fan of the air-conditioning module usually adopts the structure of motor + fan blade + guide ring + mesh cover + panel. The motor shell is a stretched aluminum shell or a drum iron shell, and there is no independent fan at the tail of the motor. For the fan of this structure, if the motor cooling relies solely on the motor shaft to drive the fan blades at the head to rotate and take away part of the heat, it cannot achieve sufficient cooling effect. It also needs to rely on the fin gap of the heat exchanger in the air duct below the fan assembly as ventilation between the downwind port (air inlet) and the external environment, to achieve convection ventilation between the upper and lower air ports of the fan, thereby improving the cooling and heat dissipation effect of the fan motor.

[0003] When the heat exchanger unit is used as the outdoor unit of a modular air conditioner, if it is used in winter in the north and some southern regions, the heat exchanger of the heat exchanger unit is usually used as the outdoor unit evaporator (the indoor unit heat exchanger uses a condenser at this time). When the outdoor ambient temperature is high and the fins of the outdoor unit heat exchanger unit are not affected by frost, the heat exchanger unit can achieve smooth convection ventilation of the upper and lower air outlets through the gaps between the fins of the heat exchanger. At this time, the heat dissipation of the fan motor can be guaranteed and the unit can be in normal working condition.

[0004] When the outdoor ambient temperature is low, the gap between the fins of the outdoor unit's heat exchanger becomes smaller due to frost. As the resistance of the heat exchanger at the downwind outlet increases, the air flow entering the unit from the downwind outlet decreases, resulting in a decrease in heat exchange efficiency. At this time, the unit needs to turn on the defrost function, converting the outdoor unit heat exchanger from an evaporator to a condenser (at this time, the indoor unit heat exchanger is converted from a condenser to an evaporator), and using the outdoor unit heat exchanger to release heat to the external environment to achieve defrosting. However, it is a slow process to fully achieve defrosting. During this process, the fan at the upwind outlet continues to draw air from the inside of the unit to the outside, causing the static pressure inside the unit to gradually decrease and the absolute value of the negative pressure to increase. Therefore, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the unit continues to increase, which in turn causes the fan load torque and resistance to gradually increase, ultimately resulting in an increase in fan load, reduced efficiency, excessive current, and increased heat.

[0005] When the heat exchanger is severely frosted, it may even cause the downwind outlet of the unit to be blocked, resulting in too low static pressure inside the unit, severe fan load and motor heating. After testing, the load and temperature rise of the fan motor increased rapidly when operating under high and low voltage defrosting extreme conditions, and the motor load under defrosting conditions was about three times that of normal conditions. At this time, the fan efficiency dropped sharply and the motor temperature rose sharply. The existing technical solutions to the above problems mainly increase the design margin of the motor at the beginning of the design, such as stacking thick copper structures to increase the amount of copper heat dissipation structure of the motor. However, such technical solutions are bound to significantly increase the cost of the unit and have poor heat dissipation protection for the motor.

[0006] Therefore, the low efficiency and high heat generation of the fan motor of the outdoor heat exchanger unit of the traditional air-conditioning module under the defrosting condition in a low-temperature environment are technical problems that need to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems of low fan motor efficiency and high heat generation of the outdoor heat exchanger unit of the existing air conditioning module under low temperature environment defrosting conditions, the present invention proposes a fan structure and air conditioner that are particularly suitable for the air conditioning module.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A fan structure is provided, comprising:

[0010] A fan, a guide ring located at the air outlet of the fan and with at least one ventilation hole on its circumferential side, a lifting device for driving the fan to rise and fall axially along the guide ring, a pressure detection device for detecting the fan inlet pressure, and a controller for controlling the lifting device to drive the fan to rise along the axial direction of the guide ring to the top of the ventilation hole when the fan inlet pressure is greater than a preset threshold.

[0011] Furthermore, when the air inlet pressure of the fan is less than or equal to a preset threshold, the controller controls the lifting device to drive the fan to fall back below the ventilation hole along the axial direction of the guide ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the sensor device converts the detected fan inlet pressure into an electrical signal and sends it to the controller.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting device adopts a hydraulic device.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydraulic device comprises:

[0015] at least one hydraulic cylinder;

[0016] A hydraulic rod is provided between the hydraulic cylinder and the bottom of the fan, and changes its distance from the hydraulic cylinder as the pressure of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder changes, thereby driving the bottom of the fan to rise or fall relative to the hydraulic cylinder;

[0017] a pressure inlet pipeline, provided with a first valve and connected to the inlet of the hydraulic cylinder;

[0018] The pressure outlet pipeline is provided with a second valve and is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0019] Furthermore, the controller controls the distance between the hydraulic rod and the corresponding hydraulic cylinder by controlling the first valve and the second valve, thereby controlling the rising or falling stroke of the fan.

[0020] Preferably, the hydraulic device includes four hydraulic cylinders, each hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic rod, and the peripheral sides of the motor of the fan are respectively installed on the corresponding hydraulic rods of the four hydraulic cylinders.

[0021] Furthermore, the lifting device adopts an eccentric wheel device.

[0022] Furthermore, the lifting device adopts a magnetic levitation device.

[0023] Preferably, when a plurality of ventilation holes are provided, the plurality of ventilation holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide ring at the same height.

[0024] The present invention also provides an air conditioner, which adopts the above-mentioned fan structure.

[0025] Furthermore, when the lifting device adopts a hydraulic device, the inlet of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic device is connected to the exhaust pipe of the air conditioner compressor through a pressure inlet pipeline, and the outlet of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic device is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor through a pressure outlet pipeline. The pressure inlet pipeline and the pressure outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a first valve and a second valve.

[0026] Furthermore, the pressure detection device adopts a pressure sensor arranged on the inside of the fin of the heat exchanger of the air conditioner, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the first valve and the second valve respectively adopt a first electromagnetic expansion valve and a second electromagnetic expansion valve, and the first electromagnetic expansion valve and the second electromagnetic expansion valve are respectively electrically connected to the controller through signal transmission lines.

[0027] Furthermore, the air conditioner includes an air conditioner module.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the fan structure and air conditioner provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The fan structure and air conditioner using the same provided by the present invention detect the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchanger fins through a pressure sensor to determine whether the unit is in a severe defrosting condition. If so, the lifting device is controlled to drive the fan to rise from the initial height to a ventilation height where the fan blades are higher than the ventilation holes of the guide ring, thereby achieving ventilation and cooling of the fan motor while adjusting the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the unit, thereby reducing the fan load resistance, and ultimately further reducing the fan motor current and heat generation, thereby improving the fan efficiency under severe defrosting conditions and avoiding shutdown due to overcurrent protection; and when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the unit is normal, it is determined that the unit is defrosting. At this time, the lifting device is controlled to drive the fan to fall back from the ventilation height to the initial height, and the ventilation and heat dissipation structure is in a closed state under normal operating conditions of the unit, and will not affect the overall performance of the unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a fan structure provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a guide ring of an embodiment of a fan structure provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the logic control of ventilation using the fan structure of the air conditioner provided by the present invention.

[0033] Among them, the main marks of the drawings in the figure are:

[0034] 1. Frame; 11. Support plate; 2. Hydraulic cylinder; 21. Hydraulic rod; 3. Fan; 31. Motor; 32. Fan blades; 4. Guide ring; 41. Ventilation hole; 5. Dust screen; 6. Pressure inlet pipe; 61. First valve; 7. Pressure outlet pipe; 71. Second valve; 8. Controller; 81. Signal transmission line; 9. Compressor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clear, the following is a summary of the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention. Figure 1-3 The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a fan structure, comprising:

[0037] The fan 3; the guide ring 4 is fixedly mounted at the air outlet of the fan 3, and a plurality of ventilation holes 41 are provided on the circumference of the guide ring 4; the lifting device is used to drive the fan 3 to rise and fall along the axial direction of the guide ring 4; in this embodiment, the fan 3 is composed of a motor 31 and a fan blade 32 nested on the output shaft of the motor 31, and the motor 31 is fixedly mounted on the lifting device, and the fan blade 32 of the fan 3 is located inside the guide ring 4, and the lifting device and the guide ring 4 are both fixedly mounted on the frame 1 below the fan 3; a pressure detection device (not shown in the figure) is used to calculate the fan inlet pressure; the controller 8 preferably adopts a control motherboard, and the pressure The sensor is electrically connected. When the fan inlet pressure is greater than a preset threshold, the controller 8 controls the lifting device to drive the fan 3 from its initial height below the ventilation hole 41 along the axial direction of the guide ring 4 to the ventilation height above the ventilation hole 41, that is, controls the fan 3 to rise and fall between the initial height and the ventilation height. In this embodiment, when the fan inlet pressure is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the controller 8 controls the lifting device to drive or release the fan 3, so that the fan 3, under the driving of the lifting device or when the lifting device is released, overcomes the weight and uses its own gravity to return from the ventilation height along the axial direction of the guide ring 4 to the initial height. In this embodiment, the pressure detection device converts the detected fan inlet pressure into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller 8.

[0038] In this embodiment, the lifting device utilizes a hydraulic system, comprising at least one hydraulic cylinder 2 mounted on a frame 1; a hydraulic rod 21 disposed between the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the bottom of the fan 3. The distance between the hydraulic rod and the hydraulic cylinder 2 changes as the pressure in the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 2 changes, driving the bottom of the fan 3 to raise or lower the fan 3 as a whole relative to the hydraulic cylinder 2; a pressure inlet line 6, equipped with a first valve 61, connected to the inlet of the hydraulic cylinder 2; and a pressure outlet line 7, equipped with a second valve 71, connected to the outlet of the hydraulic cylinder 2. In this embodiment, a controller controls the distance between the hydraulic rod and the corresponding hydraulic cylinder by controlling the first and second valves, thereby controlling the raising or lowering stroke of the fan 3.

[0039] In this embodiment, the motor 31 of the fan 3 is mounted on the hydraulic rod 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 2. The hydraulic rod 21 serves as the ejection moving part of the hydraulic device to drive the motor 31 and the fan blades 32 of the fan 3 as a whole upward until the height of the fan blades 3 is higher than the ventilation hole 41 by a certain height to the ventilation height, or the fan 3 is driven downward to the initial height by the hydraulic rod 21. As a preferred embodiment, the frame 1 includes: a base, which is preferably a rectangular base, on which a plurality of support plates 11 are fixedly mounted, the guide ring is mounted on the support plate 11, and each hydraulic cylinder 2 of the lifting device is fixedly mounted on the base. As a preferred embodiment, four support plates 11 are respectively provided at the four corners of the base. The hydraulic device includes four hydraulic cylinders 2 mounted on the frame 1, and the peripheral sides of the motor 31 of the fan 3 are respectively mounted on the corresponding hydraulic rods 21 of the four hydraulic cylinders 2 through connecting plates.

[0040] In one embodiment, the lifting device adopts an eccentric wheel device, which includes a driving member electrically connected to the controller 8 and mounted on the frame 1, and an eccentric wheel mechanism connected between the driving member and the fan 3; when the pressure difference is greater than a preset threshold, the controller 8 controls the driving member to drive the eccentric wheel mechanism to drive the fan 3 to rise until the blade height of the fan 3 is higher than a certain height of the ventilation hole 41, and the controller 8 controls the driving member to stop rotating to keep the fan 3 at this height; when the pressure difference is less than the preset threshold, the controller 8 controls the driving member to drive the eccentric wheel mechanism to drive the fan 3 back until the fan 3 returns to its initial height, and the controller 8 controls the driving member to stop. In this embodiment, the driving member is preferably a drive motor, and other driving members such as a rotary cylinder can also be used.

[0041] In another embodiment, the lifting device adopts a magnetic levitation device, which includes an electromagnet core located below the fan 3 and installed on the frame 1, and the motor 31 of the fan 3 is made of a magnetic material (such as iron, nickel, etc. ferromagnetic materials) that can be affected by the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnet core when the pressure difference is greater than the preset threshold value, the controller 8 controls the electromagnet core to pass a high-frequency power supply to generate a high-frequency electromagnetic field, and the fan 3 generates an induced eddy current corresponding to the high-frequency electromagnetic field, and the fan 3 is caused to move under the action of the induced eddy current and the electromagnetic force (Lorentz force) of the high-frequency electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnet core and the electromagnetic force provided on the frame 1. Under the guidance of the guide structure, the fan 3 overcomes the gravity and rises until the fan 3 blades are higher than the ventilation hole 41. At this time, the controller 8 controls the frequency of the electromagnetic field to balance the upward lifting force of the electromagnetic force on the fan 3 with the gravity of the fan 3. At this time, the fan 3 remains suspended above the ventilation hole 41. When the pressure difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the controller 8 controls the electromagnet core to disconnect the high-frequency power supply, demagnetize the high-frequency electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnet core, and release the electromagnetic force that drives the fan 3 to overcome its own weight. At this time, the fan 3 relies on its own gravity to return to its initial height along the guide structure. In this embodiment, the guide structure can be a guide rail, a guide column, or other structure.

[0042] In this embodiment, the plurality of ventilation holes 41 are uniformly radially distributed at the same height along the circumference of the guide ring 4. In other embodiments, at least two groups of ventilation holes 41 may be provided axially along the guide ring 4, each group of ventilation holes 41 including a plurality of the ventilation holes 41 uniformly radially distributed at the same height along the circumference of the guide ring 4.

[0043] In one embodiment, it also includes: a dustproof mesh cover 5 arranged at the air outlet end of the top of the guide ring 4 and covering the air outlet of the fan 3. The dustproof mesh cover 5 is preferably detachably connected to the top of the guide ring 4 using a snap-on structure, and can also be detachably connected to the top of the guide ring 4 using threaded fasteners such as screws and bolts.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the motor 31 of the fan 3 is a brushless DC motor 31 .

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the fan blades 32 of the fan 3 are axial flow fan blades 32 , the guide ring 4 is an annular structure, and the diameter of the fan blades 32 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide ring 4 .

[0046] The present invention also provides an air conditioner that utilizes the aforementioned fan structure. As a preferred embodiment, the air conditioner utilizes an air conditioning module, comprising a heat exchanger, an air duct, and a fan 3, wherein the fan structure is described above. In this embodiment, the module is an outdoor unit, and the air conditioning module includes a reversing valve, enabling the corresponding heat exchangers of both the indoor and outdoor units to switch between a condenser and an evaporator (when the indoor unit's heat exchanger is a condenser, the outdoor unit's heat exchanger is an evaporator; when the indoor unit's heat exchanger is an evaporator, the outdoor unit's heat exchanger is a condenser). This heat pump system.

[0047] In this embodiment, the pressure detection device includes: a pressure sensor, which is arranged on the inner side of the heat exchanger fin at the air inlet end of the air duct of the unit below the fan 3 (located on one side inside the air duct); the controller 8 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and the lifting device; the air inlet pressure is the gas environment pressure inside the fin of the heat exchanger at the air inlet end measured by the pressure sensor. Since the ambient atmospheric pressure outside the heat exchanger (the heat exchanger fin is located on the side outside the air duct) is unchanged, and the air duct inside the heat exchanger fin connected to the fan 3 under the defrosting condition is in a state of reduced static pressure and increased pressure (increased absolute value of negative pressure), the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor inside the heat exchanger fin can reflect the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchanger, the air duct and the unit.

[0048] In this embodiment, the air inlet of hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to the exhaust pipe of compressor 9 of the heat exchanger unit via air inlet pipe 6, and the air outlet of hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to the intake pipe of compressor 9 via air outlet pipe 7. The air inlet pipe 6 and the air outlet pipe 7 are respectively provided with an electronic expansion valve for air inlet pipe 6 and an electronic expansion valve for air outlet pipe 7. The electronic expansion valves for air inlet pipe 6 and air outlet pipe 7 are respectively connected to controller 8 via signal transmission lines 81. When the pressure difference is less than a preset threshold, controller 8 controls the electronic expansion valve for air outlet pipe 7 to open and the electronic expansion valve for air inlet pipe 6 to close. Compressed gas flows from hydraulic cylinder 2 through air outlet pipe 7 and the intake pipe of compressor 9 into compressor 9, causing hydraulic rod 21 to drive fan 3 back to its initial height. Controller 8 then controls the electronic expansion valve for air outlet pipe 7 to close.

[0049] The air conditioner provided by the present invention uses the above-mentioned fan structure to perform logical control of ventilation, including the following steps:

[0050] The pressure detection device continuously detects the fan inlet pressure P1 in the heat exchanger through the pressure sensor, converts the pressure P1 into an electrical signal I1, and sends the electrical signal I1 to the controller 8; the controller 8 determines whether the absolute value of the electrical signal I1 is greater than the preset value I0; if I1>I0, it is determined that the outdoor heat exchanger unit is in a low-temperature environment defrosting condition. At this time, the gap between the heat exchanger fins of the unit becomes smaller due to frost, the ventilation resistance of the downwind port of the unit increases, and the heat exchange is weakened. It may even be that the entire downwind port is blocked, the static pressure inside the unit is reduced, and the absolute value of the pressure difference I1 between the inside and outside of the unit is greater than the preset value I0, and the fan 3 motor 31 is in a high-load, high-heat state.

[0051] At this time, the controller 8 analyzes and processes the electrical signal I1 to calculate the stroke H1 that matches the hydraulic rod 21 of the lifting device and I1, and generates a corresponding control signal based on the stroke H1 to control the lifting device to drive the fan 3 from the initial height where the fan blades 32 are lower than the ventilation holes 41 of the guide ring, and rise to a ventilation height above the ventilation holes 41, so that the interior of the unit is ventilated with the external environment through the ventilation holes 41. At this time, the motor 31 of the fan 3 is cooled by the ventilation effect of the ventilation holes 41. At the same time, the ventilation of the ventilation holes 41 increases the static pressure inside the unit and reduces the pressure difference I1 between the inside and outside of the unit. The resistance load of the motor 31 of the fan 3 tends to decrease smoothly, and the current and heat generation of the motor 31 are further reduced and gradually stabilized, thereby ensuring that the motor 31 of the fan 3 returns to normal and stable operation under the low-temperature defrosting condition, avoiding shutdown due to overcurrent protection, and under this condition, improving the fan 3 and heat exchange efficiency, reducing energy consumption, avoiding damage to the fan 3, thereby protecting the fan 3 and the unit, and increasing the service life of the heat exchanger unit and the air-conditioning module.

[0052] If I1≤I0, it is determined that the defrosting operation of the unit is completed and the pressure difference between the internal and external pressures of the unit has returned to the specified value that meets normal working conditions. Then the controller 8 generates a corresponding control signal to control the lifting device to drive the fan 3 back to the initial height.

[0053] In this embodiment, the lifting device adopts a hydraulic device. If I1>I0, that is, when the air intake pressure is greater than the preset threshold value, the controller 8 simultaneously controls the electronic expansion valve of the air intake pipe 6 to open and the electronic expansion valve of the air outlet pipe 7 to close, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows from the compressor 9 into the hydraulic cylinder 2 through the exhaust pipe of the compressor 9 and the air intake pipe 6, so that the hydraulic rod 21 lifts the fan 3 to a height H1, and the controller 8 controls the electronic expansion valve of the air intake pipe 6 to close to keep the fan 3 at this height; if I1≤I0, the controller 8 simultaneously controls the electronic expansion valve of the air intake pipe 6 to close and the electronic expansion valve of the air outlet pipe 7 to open, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows from the hydraulic cylinder 2 into the compressor 9 through the outlet pipe 7 and the suction pipe of the compressor 9, so that the hydraulic rod 21 drives the fan 3 back to the initial height, and the controller 8 controls the electronic expansion valve of the air outlet pipe 7 to close.

[0054] In one embodiment, the hydraulic device can be replaced by a mechanical lifting device such as a crank connecting rod, an eccentric wheel mechanism, etc., which is arranged on the frame 1 and connected between the frame 1 and the fan 3. If I1>I0, the controller 8 generates a corresponding control signal according to the stroke H1 to control the drive motor to drive the crank connecting rod or the eccentric wheel mechanism to drive the fan 3 from the initial height to the height H1 to the ventilation height, and the controller 8 controls the drive motor to stop so that the fan 3 remains at the ventilation height; if I1≤I0, the controller 8 generates a corresponding control signal to control the drive motor to drive the crank connecting rod or the eccentric wheel mechanism to drive the fan 3 back to the initial height, and the controller 8 controls the drive motor to stop so that the fan 3 remains at the initial height.

[0055] In another embodiment, the hydraulic device may use an electromagnet core disposed on the frame 1 and below the fan 3. If I1>I0, the controller 8 generates a corresponding control signal according to the stroke H1 to control the electromagnet core to energize and generate a high-frequency electromagnetic field of a certain intensity. The fan 3 is made of a magnetic material that can be affected by the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet core when energized. When the fan 3 is within the range of the high-frequency electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnet core when energized, high-frequency eddy currents are induced on the surface of the magnetic material of the fan 3. The high-frequency eddy currents interact with the high-frequency electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnet core when energized, causing the fan 3 to be subjected to a Lorentz force. Under the guidance of the guide structure provided on the frame 1, the direction of the Lorentz force can be opposite to the direction of gravity of the fan 3, and the initial Lorentz force can be greater than the gravity, so that the fan 3 rises. When the fan blades 32 of the fan 3 rise from the initial height H1 to the ventilation height, the controller 8 controls the change of the power of the high-frequency power supply of the electromagnetic core so that the Lorentz force is reduced to be equal to the gravity, so that the fan 3 can be kept in electromagnetic suspension at the height H1; if I1≤I0, the controller 8 generates a corresponding control signal to control the electromagnetic core to cut off the power and demagnetize, so that the fan 3 falls back to the initial height under the action of its own gravity and the guidance of the guide structure.

[0056] The fan structure, air conditioning module, and heat exchanger ventilation control method provided by the present invention significantly increase the service life of the fan 3 under harsh defrosting conditions while ensuring the stability of the unit's normal operation. During the fan 3 design phase, the service factor of the motor design can be reduced, improving motor efficiency and saving raw materials used in the heat dissipation structure used in the fan 3 motor manufacturing process. These methods are particularly suitable for defrosting outdoor units of fan 3 in winter. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fan structure, characterized in that: include: A fan, a guide ring located at the fan's air outlet and having at least one ventilation hole on its circumference, a lifting device for driving the fan to rise and fall axially along the guide ring, a pressure detection device for detecting the fan's inlet air pressure, and a controller for controlling the lifting device to drive the fan to rise axially along the guide ring to a position above the ventilation hole when the fan's inlet air pressure exceeds a preset threshold; When the air inlet pressure of the fan is less than or equal to a preset threshold, the controller controls the lifting device to drive the fan to fall back below the ventilation hole along the axial direction of the guide ring.

2. The fan structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure detection device converts the detected fan inlet pressure into an electrical signal and sends it to the controller.

3. The fan structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lifting device adopts a hydraulic device.

4. The fan structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic device comprises: at least one hydraulic cylinder; a hydraulic rod, disposed between the hydraulic cylinder and the bottom of the fan, and changing the distance between the hydraulic rod and the hydraulic cylinder as the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder corresponding thereto changes, thereby driving the bottom of the fan to rise or fall relative to the hydraulic cylinder; a pressure inlet pipeline, provided with a first valve and connected to the inlet of the hydraulic cylinder; The pressure outlet pipeline is provided with a second valve and is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic cylinder.

5. The fan structure according to claim 4, wherein the controller controls the distance between the hydraulic rod and the corresponding hydraulic cylinder by controlling the first valve and the second valve, thereby controlling the rising or falling stroke of the fan.

6. The fan structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic device includes four hydraulic cylinders, each hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic rod, and the motor circumference of the fan is respectively installed on the corresponding hydraulic rods of the four hydraulic cylinders.

7. The fan structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lifting device adopts an eccentric wheel device.

8. The fan structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lifting device adopts a magnetic suspension device.

9. The fan structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a plurality of ventilation holes are provided, the plurality of ventilation holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide ring at the same height.

10. An air conditioner, characterized in that: The air conditioner adopts the fan structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The air conditioner according to claim 10, wherein: When the lifting device adopts a hydraulic device, the inlet of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic device is connected to the exhaust pipe of the compressor of the air conditioner through a pressure inlet pipeline, and the outlet of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic device is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor through a pressure outlet pipeline. The pressure inlet pipeline and the pressure outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a first valve and a second valve.

12. The air conditioner according to claim 11, wherein The pressure detection device uses a pressure sensor provided on the inner side of the fin of the heat exchanger of the air conditioner, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller. The first valve and the second valve respectively use a first electromagnetic expansion valve and a second electromagnetic expansion valve, and the first electromagnetic expansion valve and the second electromagnetic expansion valve are respectively electrically connected to the controller through signal transmission lines.

13. The air conditioner according to claim 10, wherein: The air conditioner includes an air conditioner module.

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