A measuring instrument for detecting the flow direction and flow rate of groundwater under the action of thermal pulse excitation

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of geological survey, and discloses a measuring instrument for detecting groundwater flow velocity and direction by temperature sensing under thermal pulse excitation. The measuring instrument comprises a shooting speed control assembly, the shooting speed control assembly comprises a control shell, a mounting chamber and a liquid storage cavity; a proportional electromagnet, an elastic member and a piston are arranged in the mounting chamber, the proportional electromagnet is connected with the control shell, the elastic member is arranged below the proportional electromagnet, the lower end of the elastic member is connected with the piston, a heating assembly is arranged below the inside of the liquid storage cavity, the piston is slidingly connected with the control shell, and the heating assembly is connected with the inner wall of the control shell. The present application is provided with a quantitative injection assembly, the quantitative injection assembly can suck liquid in the environment to be detected into the instrument, and process the sucked solution into an inductive solution with specific temperature and ejection speed, so that the inductive solution for detection is not needed to be manually added, and the use convenience of the measuring instrument is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological exploration technology, and specifically relates to a measuring instrument for detecting the flow velocity and direction of groundwater under thermal pulse excitation. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing extraction of surface water resources year by year, the utilization of groundwater resources has also changed. At the same time, groundwater pollution is becoming increasingly serious, making the rational extraction and pollution prevention of groundwater resources a focus of attention. For the scientific development and utilization of groundwater resources, it is essential to fully understand and master groundwater hydrological parameters, among which the seepage velocity and direction of groundwater are crucial data. Determining the direction and velocity of groundwater flow not only provides a solid guarantee for underground safe production and the design and construction of underground buildings, but also provides a fundamental scientific basis for the efficient development of various underground mineral resources.

[0003] Hydrogeological investigation, also known as "hydrogeological survey", is a hydrogeological investigation and research work aimed at clarifying the hydrogeological conditions of a region. By detecting changes in groundwater parameters, it aims to understand the causes, distribution and movement patterns of groundwater and surface water, and then propose prevention and control suggestions.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN213456988U discloses a groundwater flow velocity detection instrument for hydrogeological surveys. This patented technology utilizes water flow to drive blades and a rotor, and calculates the water flow velocity by detecting the rotation angle of the rotor. Existing water flow velocity detection technologies mostly employ mechanical detection components. Due to the large inertial resistance, mechanical structures are unable to measure smaller water flow velocities.

[0005] Existing technologies also employ non-mechanical methods for detecting flow velocity, which indirectly measure fluid velocity by injecting a highly ionized auxiliary solution into the water flow. However, when the auxiliary solution is depleted, it needs to be refilled, making the process cumbersome. Furthermore, most existing technologies only detect the flow velocity of water, which cannot meet engineering needs when complex flow parameters such as the direction of undercurrents are required. Therefore, the detection function is relatively limited and the technology is inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a measuring instrument for detecting the flow velocity and direction of groundwater under thermal pulse excitation. The measuring instrument includes a velocity control component, which includes a control housing, an installation chamber, and a liquid storage chamber.

[0007] The mounting chamber is equipped with a proportional electromagnet, an elastic element, and a piston. The proportional electromagnet is connected to the control housing. The elastic element is located below the proportional electromagnet, and its lower end is connected to the piston. A heating assembly is located below the interior of the liquid storage chamber. The piston is slidably connected to the control housing, and the heating assembly is connected to the inner wall of the control housing.

[0008] Furthermore, the control housing includes a first housing, a fourth housing, a second housing, and a third housing. The fourth housing is fixedly disposed below the first housing, the third housing is fixedly disposed below the second housing, and the second housing is fixedly disposed on the upper inner wall of the first housing. The second housing and the third housing form an installation chamber, and the first housing, the fourth housing, the second housing, and the third housing form a liquid storage chamber. The heating component is connected to the inner wall of the first housing, the piston passes through the third housing and slides in cooperation with the third housing, and the heating component is connected to the inner wall of the first housing.

[0009] Furthermore, a conical hole is provided in the middle of the fourth housing, and a conical part is provided at the lower end of the piston. The conical part cooperates with the conical hole, and the piston moves up and down to realize the opening and closing of the liquid storage cavity. A first through hole and a second through hole are provided on the first housing, and the first through hole is located in the middle of the first housing.

[0010] Furthermore, the measuring instrument also includes a quantitative injection component and a detection component. The injection rate control component is fixedly installed below the quantitative injection component, and the detection component is fixedly installed below the injection rate control component. The quantitative injection component includes a canister. The lower end of the canister is provided with a lower end cover and a second sealing ring. The upper end of the canister is provided with an upper end cover and a first sealing ring. Both the upper end cover and the lower end cover are provided with a central through hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the interior of the can body is provided with an inner core, the lower end of which is connected to the lower end cap. The inner core has a first slot, a second slot, and a third slot. The first slot is located near the bottom of the inner core, the third slot is located above the first slot, and the second slot is located on both sides of the third slot. A partition plate is provided between the second and third slots and is integrally fixed to the inner core. The first slot is equipped with an injection cylinder, the second slot has a card that slides in it, and the third slot has a bearing installed in it.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner core substrate is also provided with a bearing positioning block, which is located directly above the bearing. The lower half of the inner core substrate has a mounting hole at its center, which is located below and communicates with the third slot. The mounting hole is coaxial with the third slot. The inner core substrate is also provided with a mounting plate, which is located near the upper end of the inner core substrate. An encoder motor is fixed above the mounting plate, and a coupling is provided below it. The shaft of the encoder motor passes through the mounting plate and is connected to the upper end of the coupling. A lead screw is provided at the lower end of the coupling.

[0013] Furthermore, the lead screw is provided with a push rod positioning block, the lead screw passes through the push rod positioning block and is threadedly engaged with the push rod positioning block, the push rod positioning block has at least one side being a plane, the plane being in contact with the inner end face of the inner core matrix, the upper end of the inner core matrix is ​​provided with a control main board, the upper end of the control main board is provided with a sealing baffle, a support assembly is provided between the control main board and the sealing baffle, an injection push rod is provided in the injection cylinder in a sliding connection, one end of the injection push rod is engaged with the push rod positioning block, the other end is placed in the injection cylinder, a waterproof barrier is also provided between the sealing baffle and the upper end cap, the waterproof barrier is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower end of the push rod positioning block is provided with a snap-fit ​​assembly, which includes a snap-fit ​​unit and a mounting groove. The snap-fit ​​unit is slidably disposed on the side wall of the mounting groove. The detection assembly includes a support portion fixedly connected to the lower part of the fourth housing. A probe positioning portion is fixedly disposed below the support portion, and temperature probes are evenly arranged on the probe positioning portion.

[0015] Furthermore, the probe positioning part is configured as a first probe positioning part, the end face for mounting the temperature probe is configured as a plane, and the temperature probes are evenly arranged on the end face of the first probe positioning part facing the fourth housing.

[0016] Furthermore, the probe positioning part is configured as a second probe positioning part, which has a spherical mesh structure, and the temperature probes are evenly arranged on the second probe positioning part.

[0017] The present invention is equipped with a quantitative injection component, which can draw liquid from the environment to be tested into the instrument and process the drawn solution into a sensing solution with a specific temperature and ejection rate. There is no need to manually add the sensing solution for detection, which improves the ease of use of the measuring instrument.

[0018] The present invention includes a velocity control component capable of controlling the ejection speed of the sensing solution. The velocity control component can adjust the ejection speed of the sensing solution according to the fluid flow rate of the environment to be measured, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the measuring instrument and enhancing its applicability.

[0019] This invention employs a temperature-sensing measurement method, which is suitable for situations where the fluid flow rate in the measured environment is low, thereby improving the detection accuracy and sensitivity of the measuring instrument.

[0020] This invention utilizes the relative position of the temperature probe and the outlet of the sensing solution, the outlet velocity of the sensing solution, and the temperature value sensed by the detection component to determine the flow velocity and direction of the liquid environment under test. It detects the flow direction and velocity of the fluid in the test environment in various directions in space, rather than the flow direction and velocity in a single horizontal direction, thus achieving diversified measurement functions.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 An exploded view of the quantitative injection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the quantitative injection component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the quantitative injection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the push rod positioning block according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 7 A partial structural schematic diagram of the measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 8 A partial structural schematic diagram of the measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 9 A theoretical model diagram of an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 10 A flowchart illustrating the flow velocity and direction calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Quantitative injection assembly; 2. Inner core matrix; 3. Lower end cap; 4. Injection rate control assembly; 5. Detection assembly; 100. Tank body; 101. Upper end cap; 102. First sealing ring; 103. First bolt group; 104. Second bolt group; 105. Sealing baffle; 106. Support assembly; 107. Control main board; 21. Central through hole; 211. Third bolt group; 212. Nut positioning plate; 213. Push rod positioning block; 2131. Snap-fit ​​unit; 2132. Mounting groove; 22. Waterproof partition; 221. Encoding motor; 222. Coupling; 223. Lead screw; 224. Bearing; 231. Bearing positioning block; 232. Fourth bolt group; 233. Card; 241. Injection... 242. Injection tube; 243. First slot; 251. Fifth bolt group; 261. Second slot; 262. Bolt receiving hole; 263. Mounting hole; 264. Third slot; 301. Second sealing ring; 302. Sixth bolt group; 401. First housing; 402. First through hole; 403. Second through hole; 404. Second housing; 405. Proportional electromagnet; 406. Elastic element; 407. Third housing; 408. Heating assembly; 409. Piston; 410. Conical part; 411. Conical hole; 412. Liquid storage chamber; 413. Fourth housing; 501. Support part; 502. Temperature probe; 503. First probe positioning part; 504. Second probe positioning part. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] This invention discloses a measuring instrument for detecting groundwater flow velocity and direction under thermal pulse excitation, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the groundwater flow velocity and direction measuring instrument includes a quantitative injection component 1, a jet rate control component 4, and a detection component 5. The quantitative injection component 1 draws liquid from the environment to be detected into the measuring instrument and processes the drawn-in solution into a sensing solution with a specific temperature and jet rate. When the sensing solution is insufficient, liquid from the environment to be detected can be drawn into the device again to obtain a sensing solution that meets the usage requirements, without the need for manual re-addition of the sensing solution.

[0036] The injection rate control component 4 is fixedly installed below the quantitative injection component 1 to control the injection rate of the sensing solution. When the flow rate is high, the injection rate of the sensing solution can be increased to adapt to different intensity measurement environments, thereby improving the detection sensitivity of the measuring device.

[0037] The detection component 5 is fixedly installed below the injection rate control component 4 and is used to collect the temperature value of the sensing solution falling on the detection component 5. The quantitative injection component 1 and the injection rate control component 4 work together to generate a sensing solution with a certain injection velocity and temperature. The fluid in the test environment will change the injection trajectory of the sensing solution. The detection component 5 uses a temperature sensing measurement method to collect the position of the sensing solution, obtain the relative position of the temperature probe 502 and the injection point of the sensing solution, and combine the injection velocity of the sensing solution and the temperature value sensed by the detection component 5 to determine the flow velocity and direction of the fluid in the test liquid environment.

[0038] The quantitative injection assembly 1 includes a canister 100, such as Figure 2 As shown, the lower end of the tank body 100 is provided with a lower end cover 3. The lower end cover 3 is installed at the lower end of the tank body 100 by a sixth bolt group 302. One end of the lower end cover 3 is provided with a sealing ring, which is fixedly connected to the lower end cover 3. A second sealing ring 301 is provided in the middle of the sealing ring. The outer diameter of the sealing ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the tank body 100. The setting of the sealing ring and the second sealing ring 301 can ensure the sealing effect of the lower end cover 3 on the tank body 100.

[0039] The tank body 100 has an inner core 2 located above the lower end cover 3. The inner core 2 is connected to the sealing ring on the lower end cover 3 via a fifth bolt group 251. The inner core 2 has a first slot 243, a second slot 261, and a third slot 264. Figure 3 As shown, the first slot 243 is located near the bottom of the inner substrate 2, the third slot 264 is located above the first slot 243, and the second slot 261 is located on both sides of the third slot 264. A partition plate is provided between the second slot 261 and the third slot 264. The partition plate is integrally fixed on the inner substrate 2. The first slot 243 is used to install the syringe 241. The second slot 261 is provided with a slidingly connected card 233. The card 233 is used to axially position the syringe 241 and prevent the syringe 241 from moving circumferentially during use.

[0040] A bearing 224 is installed in the third slot 264. A bearing positioning block 231 is also provided on the inner base 2. The bearing positioning block 231 is fixedly connected to the inner base 2 by the fourth bolt group 232. The bearing positioning block 231 is located directly above the bearing 224 and fits against the upper end of the bearing 224 to limit the bearing 224 in the third slot 264. Bolt receiving holes 262 are opened on both end faces of the bearing positioning block 231. When the fourth bolt group 232 fixes the bearing positioning block 231 on the inner base 2, the bolt head of the fourth bolt group 232 is placed in the bolt receiving hole 262 to prevent the bolt head from interfering with the inner wall of the tank 100.

[0041] The lower half of the inner substrate 2 has a mounting hole 263 at its center. The mounting hole 263 is located directly below and communicates with the third slot 264. The mounting hole 263 and the third slot 264 are arranged coaxially. The inner substrate 2 also has a mounting plate for mounting the encoder motor 221. The mounting plate is located near the upper end of the inner substrate 2. The encoder motor 221 is mounted on the upper part of the mounting plate by bolts. A coupling 222 is located below the mounting plate. The shaft of the encoder motor 221 passes through the mounting plate and is connected to one end of the coupling 222. The other end of the coupling 222 is provided with a lead screw 223. The upper end of the lead screw 223 is connected to the coupling 222. The encoder motor 221 drives the lead screw 223 to rotate through the coupling 222. The lower end of the lead screw 223 is placed in the mounting hole 263 to prevent the lead screw 223 from moving radially.

[0042] The lead screw 223 is provided with a push rod positioning block 213. The lead screw 223 passes through the push rod positioning block 213 and is threadedly engaged with the push rod positioning block 213. The present invention does not specifically limit the shape of the push rod positioning block 213. The push rod positioning block 213 can slide up and down in the inner substrate 2 under the drive of the lead screw 223. For example, the push rod positioning block 213 has at least one side as a plane, and at least one plane is in contact with the inner end face of the inner substrate 2.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the push rod positioning block 213 is provided with at least two limiting rods on its side end, and the ends of the two limiting rods are in contact with the inner end face of the inner core substrate 2.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the push rod positioning block 213 is provided with a slidingly connected guide rod. One end of the guide rod is connected to the mounting plate and the other end is connected to the partition plate. The guide rod can prevent the push rod positioning block 213 from rotating with the lead screw 223, so that it can move up and down in the inner base 2 under the drive of the lead screw 223 by means of threaded engagement.

[0045] The push rod positioning block 213 is provided with a nut positioning piece 212. The nut positioning piece 212 is connected to the push rod positioning block 213 through the third bolt group 211. The nut positioning piece 212 is used to fix the relative position of the nut and the push rod positioning block 213.

[0046] The upper end of the inner substrate 2 is provided with a control main board 107, which is connected to the inner substrate 2 by a second bolt group 104. The upper end of the control main board 107 is provided with a sealing baffle 105, and a support component 106 is provided between the control main board 107 and the sealing baffle 105. The support component 106 can ensure that there is sufficient space between the control main board 107 and the sealing baffle 105 to prevent the sealing baffle 105 from contacting the control main board 107 and causing damage to the control main board 107. The syringe 241 is provided with a slidingly connected injection push rod 242. One end of the injection push rod 242 is provided with a sealing gasket, which is placed inside the syringe 241 and tightly fitted to the inner wall of the syringe 241. The other end of the injection push rod 242 is engaged with the push rod positioning block 213. The lower end of the syringe 241 is provided with a detachable needle.

[0047] The push rod positioning block 213 can drive the injection push rod 242 to move up and down inside the injection cylinder 241. The upper end of the tank body 100 is provided with an upper end cover 101. The upper end cover 101 is installed on the upper end face of the tank body 100 by the first bolt group 103. The lower end of the upper end cover 101 is integrally provided with a sealing ring. The side wall of the sealing ring is provided with an annular groove. The annular groove is provided with a first sealing ring 102. The upper end cover 101 is provided with a central through hole 21 for introducing the power cord. At the same time, a watertight medium is poured in. The watertight medium can prevent liquid from entering the measuring instrument. The lower end cover 3 is also provided with a central through hole 21. The central through hole 21 on the lower end cover 3 is used to pour in the watertight medium. The lower end cover 3 is also provided with a through hole to facilitate the bottom of the injection cylinder 241 to extend. The water inlet and outlet pipes at the lower end of the injection cylinder 241 pass through the through hole.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to achieve a better waterproof effect, a waterproof spacer 22 is further provided between the sealing baffle 105 and the upper end cap 101, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the waterproof partition 22 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the tank 100. The waterproof partition 22 and the sealing baffle 105 form a watertight medium layer for waterproofing, preventing fluids from the external environment from flowing into the tank 100. The interiors of the first sealing ring 102 and the second sealing ring 301 are in close contact with the upper end cover 101 and the lower end cover 3, respectively, and the exteriors are tightly fitted to the inner wall of the tank 100, thus sealing the upper and lower ends of the tank 100. The power cord of the control board 107 is led out from the central through hole 21, and an appropriate amount of watertight medium is injected from the central through hole 21 to fill the space enclosed by the waterproof partition 22, the sealing baffle 105 and the inner wall of the tank 100, forming a watertight medium layer to waterproof and seal the power cord lead-out position.

[0049] During the operation of the measuring instrument, the control motherboard 107 controls the encoder motor 221 to rotate and receives the parameters returned by the encoder motor 221, thereby accurately controlling the motor speed and the number of rotations. Then, the lead screw 223 controls the distance that the push rod positioning block 213 moves up and down, so that the injection moves down a certain distance and injects a quantitative amount of solution.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, to improve the ease of engagement between the injection plunger 242 and the plunger positioning block 213, a engagement component is provided at the lower end of the plunger positioning block 213, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the snap-fit ​​assembly is connected to the lower end face of the push rod positioning block 213. The snap-fit ​​assembly includes snap-fit ​​units 2131 and mounting grooves 2132. The mounting grooves 2132 are integrally set at the lower end of the push rod positioning block 213. The upper end of the injection push rod 242 is placed in the mounting grooves 2132. The mounting grooves 2132 are provided with snap-fit ​​units 2131 arranged in a circumferential array. The snap-fit ​​units 2131 can slide on the side wall of the mounting grooves 2132. During installation, only a slight pressure is needed to press the top of the injection push rod 242 to snap it into the snap-fit ​​assembly.

[0051] The rate-of-fire control assembly 4 includes a control housing, a mounting chamber, and a liquid storage chamber 412. The control housing includes a first housing 401, a fourth housing 413, a second housing 404, and a third housing 407, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the upper end of the first housing 401 is fixedly connected to the lower end cover 3, and the lower end of the first housing 401 is provided with a fixedly connected fourth housing 413, and a tapered hole 411 is provided in the middle of the fourth housing 413.

[0052] The upper end of the first housing 401 is provided with a first through hole 402 and a second through hole 403. Both the first through hole 402 and the second through hole 403 are connected to the internal space of the first housing 401. The first through hole 402 is located in the middle of the first housing 401 and is used to lead out the wire of the proportional electromagnet 405. The needle at the lower end of the syringe 241 passes through the first through hole 402 and extends into the first housing 401. The inner core of the first housing 401 is fixedly connected to the second housing 404. The lower end of the second housing 404 is provided with a fixedly connected third housing 407. The second housing 404 and the third housing 407 form an installation chamber. The installation chamber is provided from top to bottom with a fixedly connected proportional electromagnet 405, an elastic element 406 (spring, elastic washer) and a piston 409 made of a magnetically attractable material.

[0053] The proportional electromagnet 405 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner wall of the second housing 404. The elastic element 406 is located below the proportional electromagnet 405. In this embodiment, one end of the elastic element 406 is connected to the proportional electromagnet 405, and the other end is connected to the upper end face of the piston 409. In some embodiments of the present invention, one end of the elastic element 406 is connected to the inner wall of the second housing 404 through a connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the upper end face of the piston 409. The piston 409 includes an upper end face, a cylindrical bolt, and a conical portion 410. The upper end face of the piston 409 is used to limit the axial movement of the piston 409. The cylindrical bolt of the piston 409 passes through the third housing 407 and slides in cooperation with the third housing 407. The conical portion 410 is located below the third housing 407. The piston 409 moves up and down to realize the opening and closing of the liquid storage chamber 412.

[0054] When the magnetism generated by the proportional electromagnet 405 increases, the attractive force on the piston 409 gradually increases, causing the piston 409 to move upward and compress the elastic element 406. When the magnetism generated by the proportional electromagnet 405 decreases, the attractive force on the piston 409 gradually decreases, the elastic element 406 rebounds, causing the piston 409 to move downward. When the magnetism generated by the proportional electromagnet 405 is at its minimum or non-existent, the length of the elastic element 406 is at its maximum. At this time, the conical portion 410 and the conical hole 411 fit tightly together. The conical portion 410 and the conical hole 411 ensure that the ejection speed of the induced solution is variable.

[0055] The first housing 401, the fourth housing 413, the second housing 404, and the third housing 407 form a liquid storage cavity 412. A heating component 408 is provided at the lower part of the liquid storage cavity 412, and the heating component 408 is connected to the inner wall of the first housing 401. During detection, the quantitative injection component 1 draws a quantitative amount of solution into the liquid storage cavity 412 and discharges it through the conical hole 411. When the gap between the conical part 410 and the conical hole 411 becomes smaller, the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the conical hole 411 will increase because the flow rate is constant. Therefore, the piston 409 can be moved up and down by controlling the proportional electromagnet 405 to control the size of the gap between the conical part 410 and the conical hole 411, thereby controlling the ejection speed of the sensing solution.

[0056] The detection component 5 includes a support part 501 fixedly connected to the lower part of the fourth housing 413. A probe positioning part for mounting temperature probes 502 is fixedly provided below the support part 501. Temperature probes 502 are evenly arranged on the probe positioning part.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the probe positioning part is configured as a first probe positioning part 503, the end face of the first probe positioning part 503 for mounting the temperature probe 502 is configured as a plane, the end face for mounting the temperature probe 502 is parallel to the lower end face of the fourth housing 413, and the temperature probes 502 are evenly arranged on the end face of the first probe positioning part 503 facing the fourth housing 413.

[0058] In use, the heating component 408 heats the solution inside the storage chamber 412. When the temperature reaches a specified level, the proportional electromagnet 405 is energized to adjust the gap between the conical part 410 and the conical hole 411. At this time, the metering injection component is activated, causing the solution inside the storage chamber 412 to be ejected from the conical hole 411, thus obtaining a sensing solution with a specific ejection speed, temperature, and flow rate. The ejected sensing solution with a certain temperature is sensed by the temperature probe 502 below the conical hole 411 and the data is transmitted to the control main board 107. The control main board 107 processes the data based on the temperature values ​​sensed by all the temperature probes 502, compares the difference between the ejection time and the sensing time of the temperature probes 502, and calculates the flow rate and direction of the fluid flowing between the fourth housing 413 and the first probe positioning part 503.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to meet the requirement that detection can be performed in any direction in the space of the fluid environment to be measured, the probe positioning part is configured as a second probe positioning part 504, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the second probe positioning part 504 has a spherical mesh structure, and the temperature probes 502 are evenly arranged on the second probe positioning part 504. When the sensing solution with a certain temperature is ejected from the conical hole 411, the flow trajectory of the sensing solution will be changed by the fluid being measured flowing through the probe positioning part, and then sensed by the temperature probe 502 in the corresponding position, so that the spatial flow direction of the fluid can be determined, not just the horizontal direction.

[0060] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In the initial state, the push rod positioning block 213 is at its maximum stroke position, and the invention is placed in the test environment. Then, the proportional electromagnet 405 is energized, creating a large gap between the conical part 410 and the conical hole 411. At this time, the encoder motor 221 is started, which in turn drives the push rod positioning block 213 and the injection push rod 242 upward through the lead screw 223, thereby creating a negative pressure inside the liquid storage chamber 412. As a result, a small amount of the test solution is drawn in and fills the liquid storage chamber 412 and the injection cylinder 241. At this time, the proportional electromagnet 405 is de-energized, the piston 409 is rebounded by the elastic element 406, the conical part 410 and the conical hole 411 are tightly fitted, and the gap between the conical part 410 and the conical hole 411 disappears. Thus, the initial operation is completed.

[0061] During operation, the heating assembly 408 is activated to heat the solution in the storage chamber 412. When a specific temperature is reached, a current of varying magnitude is applied to the proportional electromagnet 405, creating a controllable gap between the conical portion 410 and the conical orifice 411. Simultaneously, the encoder motor 221 is activated, causing the injection push rod 242 to move downwards a specified distance, thereby forcing a certain volume of solution from the storage chamber 412 through the gap between the conical portion 410 and the conical orifice 411, thus generating an inductive solution with a specific ejection velocity and temperature.

[0062] Next, the solution in the test environment flows through the probe positioning section, thereby changing the direction of movement of the sensing solution. That is, the ejected sensing solution tends to follow the flow of the solution in the test environment; in other words, the sensing solution superimposes the motion vector of the solution in the test environment. Since the ejected sensing solution has a certain initial velocity, it will not completely follow the flow of the solution in the test environment and will eventually fall onto the temperature probe 502 on the probe positioning section, where it will be sensed. Then, the corresponding temperature probe 502 transmits the data containing temperature information to the control mainboard 107. Combining the ejection time, the position of the temperature probe 502, and the temperature at each point, the flow direction and velocity of the solution in the test environment are determined. At this point, a single test step is completed, and the next operation is repeated after a certain interval.

[0063] When the cycle reaches a certain number of times, the solution drawn into the syringe 241 is exhausted. At this point, the encoder motor 221 is activated to reverse, causing the push rod positioning block 213 to return upwards, drawing a small amount of the test environment solution back into the syringe 241, repeating the initial process. The sensing solution used in this invention is essentially the test environment solution; therefore, as long as there is solution in the test environment, the sensing solution can be continuously obtained. This invention eliminates the cumbersome process of repeatedly adding high-ionization solutions required in existing technologies, improving the ease of use of the measuring instrument.

[0064] like Figure 9 As shown in the theoretical model diagram of this embodiment of the invention, the ejected sensing solution flows towards the detection component 5 at a velocity and is eventually sensed by the temperature probe 502. During the process of the sensing solution flowing towards the detection component 5, its flow trajectory is altered by the fluid in the test environment. The flow velocity of the fluid in the test environment is... Furthermore, the sensing solution at a certain temperature will diffuse, meaning that multiple temperature probes 502 can detect the sensing solution. Therefore, the coordinates of the temperature probes 502 that detected the sensing solution are obtained, which are also the coordinates of the sensing solution falling on the surface of the detection component 5. The corresponding temperature values ​​of the sensing solution collected by each temperature probe 502 are... Assuming the sensing solution does not diffuse, only one temperature probe 502 can detect the sensing solution. Therefore, the initial coordinates of the sensing solution falling on the surface of the detection component 5 are: , L Let be the horizontal distance between the exit point of the sensing solution and the initial coordinates. H The distance between the ejection point of the sensing solution and the surface of the detection component 5 in the vertical direction.

[0065] like Figure 10 As shown, the specific process for solving the flow velocity and direction in this invention is as follows:

[0066] S1. Detect the coordinates of the sensing solution falling on the surface of the detection component 5. and the temperature of the sensing solution at the corresponding point ;

[0067] S2. In Select a coordinate and assign it to the initial coordinate. ; The present invention selects, as an example Assign initial coordinates; the specific formula is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] S3. Correct the initial coordinates by vector summation of the coordinates of the detected sensing solution falling on the surface of the detection component, and assign the corrected initial coordinates to ( The specific formula is as follows:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, S i ( x i , y i ) is the first i The coordinates of the temperature probe 502 that detected the sensing solution; Ti is the temperature detected by the i-th temperature probe 502 that detected the sensing solution;

[0073] S4. Set the initial x-coordinate correction level. X error Initial coordinate ordinate correction level Y errorThe algorithm then determines whether the corrected initial coordinates meet the steady-state requirements. A smaller correction level parameter approximates the actual value, but this increases the number of iterations. If the condition is not met, the algorithm returns to step S3. If the condition is met, the corrected initial coordinates are used as the final determined initial coordinates. The steady-state requirements are as follows:

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] S5. Perform polar coordinate transformation on the finally determined initial coordinates to obtain... S 0 ( r , θ This yields intermediate parameters for calculating flow velocity and direction; the conversion process is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] S6. Based on the intermediate parameters of calculated velocity and direction, calculate the fluid velocity and direction in the environment under test; the calculation formula is as follows:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, The flow rate of the fluid in the detected liquid environment; This indicates the direction of fluid flow in the detected liquid environment.

[0081] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring instrument for detecting the velocity and direction of groundwater flow under thermal pulse excitation, the measuring instrument comprising a jet velocity control component (4), characterized in that, The rate of fire control assembly (4) includes a control housing, a mounting chamber, and a liquid storage chamber (412). The mounting chamber is provided with a proportional electromagnet (405), an elastic element (406) and a piston (409). The proportional electromagnet (405) is connected to the control housing. The elastic element (406) is located below the proportional electromagnet (405). The lower end of the elastic element (406) is connected to the piston (409). The lower part of the liquid storage chamber (412) is provided with a heating assembly (408). The piston (409) is slidably connected to the control housing. The heating assembly (408) is connected to the inner wall of the control housing. The measuring instrument also includes a quantitative injection component (1) and a detection component (5), and the injection rate control component (4) is fixedly disposed below the quantitative injection component (1); The detection component (5) includes a support (501), and a probe positioning part for mounting a temperature probe (502) is fixed below the support (501). The temperature probe (502) is evenly arranged on the probe positioning part. The quantitative injection component (1) and the injection speed control component (4) work together to generate a sensing solution with ejection speed and temperature. The fluid in the environment to be tested changes the ejection trajectory of the ejected sensing solution. The detection component (5) uses a temperature sensing measurement method to collect the position of the sensing solution, obtain the relative position of the temperature probe (502) and the ejection point of the sensing solution, and combine the ejection speed of the sensing solution and the temperature value sensed by the detection component (5) to determine the flow rate and direction of the fluid in the liquid environment to be tested. The ejection speed control component (4) adjusts the ejection speed of the sensing solution according to the fluid flow rate of the environment to be measured, in order to improve the detection accuracy of the measuring instrument.

2. The measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control housing includes a first housing (401), a fourth housing (413), a second housing (404), and a third housing (407). The fourth housing (413) is fixedly disposed below the first housing (401), and the third housing (407) is fixedly disposed below the second housing (404). The second housing (404) is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the upper end of the first housing (401). The second housing (404) and the third housing (407) form an installation chamber. The first housing (401), the fourth housing (413), the second housing (404), and the third housing (407) form a liquid storage chamber (412). The heating component (408) is connected to the inner wall of the first housing (401). The piston (409) passes through the third housing (407) and slides with the third housing (407). The heating component (408) is connected to the inner wall of the first housing (401).

3. The measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fourth housing (413) has a conical hole (411) in the middle, and the piston (409) has a conical part (410) at the lower end. The conical part (410) cooperates with the conical hole (411). The piston (409) moves up and down to realize the opening and closing of the liquid storage chamber (412). The first housing (401) has a first through hole (402) and a second through hole (403). The first through hole (402) is located in the middle of the first housing (401).

4. The measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The detection component (5) is fixedly installed below the rate of injection control component (4). The quantitative injection component (1) includes a tank (100). The lower end of the tank (100) is provided with a lower end cover (3). The lower end cover (3) is provided with a second sealing ring (301). The upper end of the tank (100) is provided with an upper end cover (101). The upper end cover (101) is provided with a first sealing ring (102). The upper end cover (101) and the lower end cover (3) are both provided with a central through hole (21).

5. The measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tank (100) has an inner core (2) inside. The lower end of the inner core (2) is connected to the lower end cover (3). The inner core (2) has a first slot (243), a second slot (261) and a third slot (264). The first slot (243) is located near the bottom of the inner core (2). The third slot (264) is located above the first slot (243). The second slot (261) is located on both sides of the third slot (264). A partition plate is provided between the second slot (261) and the third slot (264). The partition plate is integrally fixed on the inner core (2). The first slot (243) is equipped with an injection cylinder (241). The second slot (261) is slidably equipped with a card (233). The third slot (264) is equipped with a bearing (224).

6. The measuring instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner substrate (2) is also provided with a bearing positioning block (231), which is located directly above the bearing (224). The lower half of the inner substrate (2) is provided with a mounting hole (263), which is located below the third slot (264) and communicates with the third slot (264). The mounting hole (263) is coaxial with the third slot (264). The inner substrate (2) is also provided with a mounting plate, which is located near the upper end of the inner substrate (2). The mounting plate is fixedly provided with an encoder motor (221) above it and a coupling (222) below it. The shaft of the encoder motor (221) passes through the mounting plate and is connected to the upper end of the coupling (222). The lower end of the coupling (222) is provided with a lead screw (223).

7. The measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lead screw (223) is provided with a push rod positioning block (213). The lead screw (223) passes through the push rod positioning block (213) and is threadedly engaged with the push rod positioning block (213). The push rod positioning block (213) has at least one side as a plane, which is in contact with the inner end face of the inner substrate (2). The upper end of the inner substrate (2) is provided with a control main board (107). The upper end of the control main board (107) is provided with a sealing baffle (105). A support assembly (106) is provided between the control main board (107) and the sealing baffle (105). The injection cylinder (241) is provided with a slidingly connected injection push rod (242). One end of the injection push rod (242) is engaged with the push rod positioning block (213), and the other end is placed in the injection cylinder (241). A waterproof partition (22) is also provided between the sealing baffle (105) and the upper end cap (101). The waterproof partition (22) is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the tank (100).

8. The measuring instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lower end of the push rod positioning block (213) is provided with a snap-fit ​​assembly, which includes a snap-fit ​​unit (2131) and a mounting groove (2132). The snap-fit ​​unit (2131) is slidably disposed on the side wall of the mounting groove (2132). The detection assembly (5) includes a support part (501) fixedly connected to the lower part of the fourth housing (413). A probe positioning part is fixedly provided below the support part (501), and temperature probes (502) are evenly arranged on the probe positioning part.

9. The measuring instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, The probe positioning part is configured as a first probe positioning part (503), and the end face for mounting the temperature probe (502) is configured as a plane. The temperature probe (502) is evenly arranged on the end face of the first probe positioning part (503) facing the fourth housing (413).

10. The measuring instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, The probe positioning part is configured as a second probe positioning part (504), which is a spherical mesh structure. Temperature probes (502) are evenly arranged on the second probe positioning part (504).

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