A thermal runaway monitoring mechanism for a power battery

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, and specifically relates to a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism for a power battery, including a monitoring and acquisition module for acquiring voltage and current values generated during the operation of the power battery, the real-time temperature of the battery, and the health index of the power battery during vehicle driving; a gas detection module for detecting the gas in the environment where the power battery is located during use, and at the same time detecting and acquiring the air pressure value of the inside of the power battery; a safety management module for performing safety processing according to the judgment result of monitoring and acquiring the real-time situation of the power battery; an analysis and judgment module for receiving the acquired data information and calculating parameters based on the acquired data information to judge whether the operation data of the power battery meets the failure conditions. The present invention realizes real-time monitoring of the thermal runaway situation of the power battery by respectively acquiring the states of the power battery during driving and during stopping through the monitoring and acquisition module and the gas detection module, and has high accuracy and high stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power batteries, and particularly relates to a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism for a power battery. Background Art

[0002] New energy vehicles mainly consist of a battery drive system, a motor system, an electronic control system, and assembly parts. Among them, the motor, electronic control, and assembly are basically the same as those of traditional vehicles. The difference in price lies in the battery drive system. From the cost composition of new energy vehicles, the battery drive system accounts for 30 - 45% of the cost of new energy vehicles, and the power battery accounts for about 75 - 85% of the cost composition of the battery drive system.

[0003] In the prior art, the thermal runaway of a power battery generally judges the thermal runaway by detecting the voltage, current, temperature sensors, and pressure in the battery. However, when the thermal runaway situation of the power battery is discovered, the acquisition sensors and communication modules are usually damaged, and thus it is impossible to reduce losses and protect personnel safety in the first time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, and a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism for a power battery is proposed.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A thermal runaway monitoring mechanism for a power battery, comprising:

[0007] A monitoring and acquisition module, configured to acquire the voltage and current values, the real-time battery temperature, and the power battery health index generated during the operation of the power battery when the vehicle is driving;

[0008] A power battery module, configured to provide energy for the operation of the vehicle;

[0009] A gas detection module, configured to detect the gas in the environment where the power battery is located during use, and simultaneously detect and acquire the air pressure value inside the power battery;

[0010] A safety management module, configured to perform safety processing according to the judgment result of monitoring and acquiring the real-time situation of the power battery;

[0011] A control management module, configured to receive the acquired or monitored data information, and perform thermal runaway safety level classification according to the acquired or monitored data information;

[0012] An analysis and judgment module, configured to receive the acquired data information and calculate parameters according to the acquired data information, and judge whether the operation data of the power battery meets the failure conditions;

[0013] A vehicle management module, which is used to receive the real-time status information of the power battery module, send control instructions to each module according to the received status information, and perform an alarm operation in serious cases.

[0014] Preferably, the analysis and judgment module includes a data receiving unit, a data management unit, a safety threshold setting unit, and a data analysis unit;

[0015] The data receiving unit is used to receive the data information detected and collected by the monitoring and acquisition module and the gas detection module;

[0016] The data management unit is used to classify and manage the data of the data receiving unit, and the types are travel data information and stop data information;

[0017] The safety threshold setting unit is used to set the safety monitoring range of the power battery, and the safety monitoring range is divided into a travel state data information threshold and a stop state data information threshold corresponding to the data classification type;

[0018] The data analysis unit is used to compare the data classified by the data management unit with the corresponding safety threshold to judge whether the failure condition is reached.

[0019] Preferably, the safety threshold setting unit presets a working voltage preset threshold U max , a working current preset threshold I max , a working temperature preset threshold T max and an ambient air concentration preset threshold L max for the travel state. At the same time, the safety threshold setting unit presets a static air concentration threshold L max_1 and a static ambient temperature threshold T max_1 for the stop state. The temperature sensor of the vehicle collects ambient temperature data information and uses the collected ambient temperature data information as the static ambient temperature threshold for the stop state.

[0020] Preferably, the gas detection module adopts an optical signal detection module, and the optical signal detection module includes an optical signal emitting unit and an optical signal receiving unit.

[0021] Preferably, the reception of the optical signal is affected by the air quality of the environment where the power battery is located, and the safety threshold setting unit sets the optical signal loss time t max .

[0022] Preferably, the battery health index collected by the monitoring and acquisition module is used to set the threshold in cooperation with the safety threshold setting unit.

[0023] Preferably, the normal temperature rise ratio T0 of the healthy power battery is equal to the ratio of the temperature rise within a unit time to the working temperature of the power battery before the temperature rise, and the out-of-control temperature rise ratio of the healthy power battery is T1.

[0024] Preferably, when the battery health index is above 90% and T0﹥T1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and issues a thermal runaway warning;

[0025] When the battery health index is between 50% and 90% and T0﹥lT1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and issues a thermal runaway warning;

[0026] When the battery health index is between 30% and 50% and T0﹥mT1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and issues a thermal runaway warning;

[0027] When the battery health index is within 30%, a warning to replace the power battery is issued. If T0﹥nT1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state;

[0028] Where 0﹤n﹤m﹤l﹤1.

[0029] A monitoring and protection method for a preferably thermal runaway monitoring mechanism, characterized in that the specific steps include:

[0030] Traveling state:

[0031] S1. The power battery outputs outward. The monitoring and acquisition module acquires the voltage data value, current data value, real-time temperature value during the battery output, and the battery health index output by the power battery, and the control and management module sends a control instruction to the monitoring and acquisition module;

[0032] S2. The data receiving unit of the analysis and judgment module receives the data information acquired by the monitoring and acquisition module, and the data management module stores the acquired data information in the traveling state in the database of the traveling data information type;

[0033] S3. The data analysis unit of the analysis and judgment module retrieves the traveling data information, first compares the voltage data value and the current data value with the preset working voltage threshold U max and the preset working current threshold I max respectively to determine whether the power battery is in a normal output working state. If it is in a normal output working state, proceed to the next step; otherwise, enter S5;

[0034] S4. Select the preset thermal runaway threshold range according to the acquired battery health value, then calculate the temperature rise ratio T0 based on the acquired real-time temperature value during the battery output, and compare T0 with the selected thermal runaway threshold for judgment. If T0 exceeds the thermal runaway threshold, it is concluded that the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and proceed to the next step; otherwise, enter S1;

[0035] S5. When the power battery is in thermal runaway, the vehicle management module controls the power battery module to gradually reduce the output power until the output stops, and controls the warning light of the vehicle to start.

[0036] Stop state:

[0037] S1. The temperature sensor of the vehicle collects the real-time ambient temperature T3, and at the same time, the monitoring and acquisition module collects the real-time temperature T4 of the power battery. The data receiving unit of the analysis and judgment module receives the real-time ambient temperature T3 and the real-time temperature T4 of the power battery.

[0038] S2. The data analysis unit compares the received real-time ambient temperature T3 with the real-time temperature T4 of the power battery. If T3 ≤ T4, the power battery is in a normal state; if T3 > T4, calculate the temperature rise ratio T0 of the power battery, and compare T0 with the ambient temperature rise ratio T2. If T0 > T2, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state, otherwise the power battery is normal.

[0039] S3. In the re-inspection stage, when T0 > T2, the data receiving unit of the monitoring and acquisition module receives the optical signal loss time t0. If t0 ≤ t max , return to S2 to compare T0 and T2 again; otherwise, further determine that the power battery is in a thermal runaway state.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] By comparing the real-time temperature, voltage and current values of the power battery under the working state with the preset threshold values, it is judged whether the power battery is in a thermal runaway state. At the same time, according to the battery health index of the power battery, the judgment threshold is further narrowed, realizing the real-time monitoring of the power battery, and even avoiding losses caused by the out-of-control of power batteries in a low health state.

[0042] The stop state of the power battery is judged by the gas detection module, combined with the temperature rise ratio judgment of the power battery. The detection method is simple and the combination of the two verifies double, reducing the probability of judgment error and improving the accuracy. Description of the Drawings

[0043] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0046] According to Figure 1 As shown, a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism for a power battery includes a control and management module, which is electrically connected to a monitoring and acquisition module, a gas detection module, a safety management module, and an analysis and judgment module. The monitoring and acquisition module is electrically connected to the power battery module. The control and management module is also electrically connected to the vehicle management module, and the vehicle management module is also electrically connected to a temperature sensor.

[0047] The monitoring and acquisition module is used to collect the voltage and current values, the real-time temperature of the battery, and the power battery health index generated during the operation of the power battery when the vehicle is driving. Among them, the battery health index is used to set the threshold value in cooperation with the safety threshold setting unit.

[0048] The power battery module is used to provide energy for the operation of the vehicle.

[0049] The gas detection module is used to detect the gas in the environment where the power battery is located during use, and at the same time detect and collect the air pressure value of the inside of the power battery. The gas detection module uses an optical signal detection module, and the optical signal detection module includes an optical signal transmitting unit and an optical signal receiving unit.

[0050] The safety management module is used to perform safety processing according to the judgment result of monitoring the real-time situation of the power battery.

[0051] The control and management module is used to receive the collected or monitored data information, and classify the thermal runaway safety level according to the collected or monitored data information.

[0052] The vehicle management module is used to receive the real-time status information of the power battery module, send control commands to each module according to the received status information, and perform an alarm operation in serious cases.

[0053] The analysis and judgment module is used to receive the collected data information and calculate parameters according to the collected data information to judge whether the operation data of the power battery meets the failure conditions.

[0054] The analysis and judgment module includes a data receiving unit, a data management unit, a safety threshold setting unit, and a data analysis unit;

[0055] The data receiving unit is used to receive the data information detected and collected by the monitoring and acquisition module and the gas detection module;

[0056] The data management unit is used to classify and manage the data of the data receiving unit, and the types are traveling data information and stop data information;

[0057] A safety threshold setting unit for setting the safety monitoring range of the power battery, and the safety monitoring range is divided into a traveling state data information threshold and a stop state data information threshold according to the data classification type;

[0058] A data analysis unit for comparing the data classified by the data management unit with the corresponding safety thresholds to determine whether the failure condition is reached.

[0059] Among them, the safety threshold setting unit presets a working voltage preset threshold U for the traveling state max , a working current preset threshold I max , a working temperature preset threshold T max and an ambient air concentration preset threshold L max . At the same time, the safety threshold setting unit presets a resting air concentration threshold L for the stop state max_1 and a resting ambient temperature threshold T max_1 . The temperature sensor of the vehicle collects ambient temperature data information and uses the collected ambient temperature data information as the resting ambient temperature threshold for the stop state.

[0060] The specific setting of the safety threshold setting unit for the gas detection module is as follows: the reception of the optical signal is affected by the air quality of the environment where the power battery is located, and the safety threshold setting unit sets the optical signal loss time t max .

[0061] During the actual monitoring and acquisition process, the analysis and judgment module calculates the heating rate T0 of the real-time temperature of the power battery in the working state per unit time through the set data analysis unit, and compares T0 with the heating rate T1 in the thermal runaway condition for judgment.

[0062] In actual situations, the thermal runaway judgment of the power battery is also affected by the battery health index of the power battery. Therefore, the heating rate T1 in the actual thermal runaway condition will decrease by a certain proportion. The specific situation of thermal runaway detection is as follows:

[0063] When the battery health index is above 90% and T0﹥T1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and issues a thermal runaway warning;

[0064] When the battery health index is between 50% and 90% and T0﹥lT1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and issues a thermal runaway warning;

[0065] When the battery health index is between 30% and 50% and T0﹥mT1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and issues a thermal runaway warning;

[0066] When the battery health index is within 30%, a warning to replace the power battery is issued. If T0﹥nT1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state;

[0067] Where 0 < n < m < l < 1, and n, m, and l are set differently according to specific different power batteries.

[0068] A monitoring and protection method for a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism, and the specific real-time steps during the traveling process are as follows:

[0069] S1. The power battery outputs outward, and the monitoring and acquisition module acquires the voltage data value, current data value, real-time temperature value during the battery output process, and the power battery health index output by the power battery, and the control and management module sends a control instruction to the monitoring and acquisition module;

[0070] S2. The data receiving unit of the analysis and judgment module receives the data information acquired by the monitoring and acquisition module, and the data management module stores the acquired data information in the traveling state in the database of the traveling data information type;

[0071] S3. The data analysis unit of the analysis and judgment module retrieves the traveling data information, first compares the voltage data value and the current data value with the preset working voltage threshold Umax and the preset working current threshold Imax respectively to determine whether the power battery is in the normal output working state. If it is in the normal output working state, proceed to the next step; otherwise, enter S5;

[0072] S4. Select the preset thermal runaway threshold range according to the acquired battery health value, then calculate the temperature rise ratio T0 based on the real-time temperature value during the battery output process, and compare T0 with the selected thermal runaway threshold. If T0 exceeds the thermal runaway threshold, it is concluded that the power battery is in a thermal runaway state, and proceed to the next step; otherwise, enter S1;

[0073] S5. When the power battery is in a thermal runaway state, the vehicle management module controls the power battery module to gradually reduce the output power until the output stops, and controls the warning light of the vehicle to start.

[0074] A monitoring and protection method for a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism, and the specific real-time steps during the traveling process are as follows:

[0075] S1. The temperature sensor of the vehicle acquires the real-time ambient temperature T3, and at the same time, the monitoring and acquisition module acquires the real-time temperature T4 of the power battery. The data receiving unit of the analysis and judgment module receives the real-time ambient temperature T3 and the real-time temperature T4 of the power battery;

[0076] S2. The data analysis unit compares the received real-time ambient temperature T3 with the real-time temperature T4 of the power battery. If T3 ≤ T4, the power battery is in a normal state; if T3 > T4, calculate the temperature rise ratio T0 of the power battery, and compare T0 with the ambient temperature rise ratio T2. If T0 > T2, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state; otherwise, the power battery is normal;

[0077] S3. In the re-inspection stage, when T0 > T2, the data receiving unit of the monitoring and acquisition module receives the optical signal loss time t0. If t0 ≤ t max , return to S2 to compare T0 and T2 again; otherwise, further determine that the power battery is in a thermal runaway state.

[0078] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring and protection method for a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism, characterized in that, The specific steps include: Traveling state: S1. The power battery outputs outward. The monitoring and acquisition module acquires the voltage data value, current data value, real-time temperature value during the battery output process, and the power battery health index of the power battery output, and the control and management module sends a control instruction to the monitoring and acquisition module; S2. The data receiving unit of the analysis and judgment module receives the data information acquired by the monitoring and acquisition module, and the data management module stores the acquired data information in the traveling state in the database of the traveling data information type; S3. The data analysis unit of the analysis and judgment module retrieves the traveling data information, and first compares the voltage data value and the current data value with the preset working voltage threshold U max and the preset working current threshold I max respectively to determine whether the power battery is in a normal output working state. If it is in a normal output working state, proceed to the next step; otherwise, enter S5; S4. Select a preset thermal runaway threshold range according to the acquired battery health value, then calculate the temperature rise ratio T0 based on the real-time temperature value during the battery output process, and compare T0 with the selected thermal runaway threshold for judgment. If T0 exceeds the thermal runaway threshold, it is concluded that the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and proceeds to the next step, otherwise it enters S1; Specifically, when the battery health index is above 90% and T0>T1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and issues a thermal runaway warning; When the battery health index is between 50% and 90% and T0>lT1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and issues a thermal runaway warning; When the battery health index is between 30% and 50% and T0>mT1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state and issues a thermal runaway warning; When the battery health index is within 30%, a warning to replace the power battery is issued. If T0>nT1, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state; Where 0 < n < m < l < 1, and n, m, and l are set according to different specific power batteries; The normal temperature rise ratio T0 of the healthy power battery is equal to the ratio of the temperature rise per unit time to the working temperature of the power battery before the temperature rise, and the runaway temperature rise ratio of the healthy power battery is T1; S5. When the power battery is in a thermal runaway state, the vehicle management module controls the power battery module to gradually reduce the output power until the output stops, and controls the warning light of the vehicle to start; Stop state: S1. The temperature sensor of the vehicle acquires the real-time ambient temperature T3, and at the same time the monitoring and acquisition module acquires the real-time temperature T4 of the power battery. The data receiving unit of the analysis and judgment module receives the real-time ambient temperature T3 and the real-time temperature T4 of the power battery; S2. The data analysis unit compares the received real-time ambient temperature T3 with the real-time temperature T4 of the power battery. If T3 ≤ T4, the power battery is in a normal state; if T3 > T4, calculate the temperature rise ratio T0 of the power battery, and compare T0 with the ambient temperature rise ratio T2. If T0 > T2, the power battery is in a thermal runaway state, otherwise the power battery is normal; S3. During the re-inspection stage, when T0 > T2, the data receiving unit of the monitoring and acquisition module receives the optical signal loss time t0. If t0 ≤ t max , t max is the optical signal loss time set by the safety threshold setting unit, return to S2 to compare T0 and T2 again; otherwise, further determine that the power battery is in a thermal runaway state.

2. The monitoring and protection method of a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal runaway monitoring mechanism includes: The monitoring and acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage and current values, battery real-time temperature, and power battery health index generated by the operation of the power battery during vehicle driving; The power battery module is used to provide energy for vehicle operation; The gas detection module is used to detect the gas in the environment where the power battery is located during use, and at the same time detect the internal air pressure of the power battery and acquire the air pressure value; The safety management module is used to perform safety processing according to the judgment result of monitoring the real-time situation of the power battery; The control and management module is used to receive the data information collected or monitored, and classify the thermal runaway safety level according to the collected or monitored data information; The analysis and judgment module is used to receive the collected data information and calculate parameters according to the collected data information, and judge whether the operation data of the power battery meets the failure conditions; The vehicle management module is used to receive the real-time status information of the power battery module, send control instructions to each module according to the received status information, and perform alarm operations in serious cases.

3. The monitoring and protection method of a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The analysis and judgment module includes a data receiving unit, a data management unit, a safety threshold setting unit, and a data analysis unit; The data receiving unit is used to receive the data information detected and collected by the monitoring and collection module and the gas detection module; The data management unit is used to classify and manage the data of the data receiving unit, and the types are travel data information and stop data information; The safety threshold setting unit is used to set the safety monitoring range of the power battery, and the safety monitoring range is divided into a travel state data information threshold and a stop state data information threshold corresponding to the data classification type; The data analysis unit is used to compare the data classified by the data management unit with the corresponding safety threshold to judge whether the failure conditions are met.

4. The monitoring and protection method of a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The safety threshold setting unit pre-sets a preset threshold U of the working voltage in the traveling state max , a preset threshold I of the working current max , a preset threshold T of the working temperature max and a preset threshold L of the ambient air concentration max . At the same time, the safety threshold setting unit pre-sets a static air concentration threshold L max_1 and a static ambient temperature threshold T max_1 in the stop state. The temperature sensor of the vehicle collects ambient temperature data information and uses the collected ambient temperature data information as the static ambient temperature threshold in the stop state.

5. The monitoring and protection method of a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas detection module adopts an optical signal detection module, and the optical signal detection module includes an optical signal transmitting unit and an optical signal receiving unit.

6. The monitoring and protection method of a thermal runaway monitoring mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery health index collected by the monitoring and collection module is used to set the threshold in cooperation with the safety threshold setting unit.

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