A biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electronic device heat dissipation, and particularly discloses a bionic alveolar microchannel radiator, a bolt, a glass upper cover plate, an intermediate thermal insulation block, a copper-based heating block, a base thermal insulation block and a nut, the bolt can pass through the glass upper cover plate, the intermediate thermal insulation block and the base thermal insulation block and be screw-connected with the nut to realize installation and fixation of the radiator, the intermediate thermal insulation block is internally provided with a bionic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink, the intermediate thermal insulation block is provided with a sealing gasket, the base thermal insulation block is internally provided with the copper-based heating block, the copper-based heating block is connected with the bionic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink through heat-conducting silicone grease, the surface of the bionic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink is provided with a bionic alveolar microchannel, the side surface of the alveolar microchannel heat sink is provided with three first temperature measuring holes, the geometric shape of the bionic alveolar microchannel is iteratively generated through a topological optimization design method, and the minimum width of the bionic alveolar microchannel is 250 microns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat dissipation technology for electronic devices, specifically a biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of high-power electronic devices and microelectromechanical systems, the integration density of electronic circuits and the capacity of various high-power electronic devices are rapidly increasing. When chip performance doubles with each generation, the chip's power consumption needs to increase by at least 30%-40%, leading to a decrease in the heat flux density of chips from no more than 10 W / cm² in earlier generations. 2 It has increased to 100W / cm 2 The above points illustrate that traditional cooling methods are insufficient to keep up with the rapid increase in heat flux density, making it crucial to address the high heat flux density heat dissipation problem in electronic devices. Microchannel heat dissipation technology has become an effective solution for heat dissipation in high heat flux density devices. Compared to conventional millimeter-level channels, microchannel heat sinks offer advantages such as a large surface area to volume ratio, high heat dissipation efficiency per unit area, light weight, and small size. However, the temperature at the bottom surface of traditional rectangular straight microchannel heat sinks increases significantly along the fluid flow direction, easily leading to hot spots; furthermore, the excessively high pressure drop within rectangular straight microchannels may pose a risk of coolant leakage.

[0003] Over Earth's 3.8 billion years of evolution, biological systems have developed unique geometric structures, multifunctional surface morphologies, and simple yet efficient control mechanisms, enabling them to survive in fierce competition. Therefore, the structures of some organisms in nature offer important insights for the design of heat dissipation structures.

[0004] This invention combines biomimetic structures to develop an effective high-performance microchannel heat sink for heat dissipation in electronic devices. It reduces the operating temperature of electronic devices, alleviates the generation of local high-temperature hot spots, and significantly improves the service life of high-power electronic devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems of limited cooling capacity, local hot spots, and leakage risks in traditional rectangular straight microchannel heat sinks used in electronic device heat dissipation, this invention provides a biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink, aiming to improve the heat transfer efficiency of microchannel heat sinks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink includes bolts, a glass top cover, an intermediate heat-insulating block, a copper-based heating block, a base heat-insulating block, and nuts. The bolts can pass through the glass top cover, the intermediate heat-insulating block, and the base heat-insulating block and be screwed to the nuts to install and fix the heat sink. A biomimetic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink is disposed inside the intermediate heat-insulating block, and a sealing gasket is disposed on the intermediate heat-insulating block. A copper-based heating block is disposed inside the base heat-insulating block, and the copper-based heating block is interconnected with the biomimetic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink through thermally conductive silicone grease.

[0008] Furthermore, the surface of the biomimetic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink is provided with biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannels, and three first temperature measurement holes are arranged on the side of the alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink. The geometry of the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel is generated iteratively through a topology optimization design method, and the minimum width of the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel is 250μm.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the intermediate heat-insulating block is provided with a first groove for placing a sealing gasket, and the sealing gasket is disposed inside the first groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the middle heat-insulating block is provided with a left flow-stabilizing cavity and a right flow-stabilizing cavity at its left and right ends, respectively. The left flow-stabilizing cavity is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet, and the right flow-stabilizing cavity is provided with a heat exchange medium outlet. The heat exchange medium inlet, the left flow-stabilizing cavity, the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel, the right flow-stabilizing cavity, and the heat exchange medium inlet are connected in sequence. The left flow-stabilizing cavity and the right flow-stabilizing cavity have the same size, and the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet have the same size.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat exchange medium inlet and outlet are respectively provided with a left pressure measuring port and a right pressure measuring port that can be connected to a pressure sensor. The left and right pressure measuring ports are used to measure the pressure inside the heat exchange medium inlet and outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the middle of the intermediate heat-insulating block is provided with a first intermediate body for placing the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink.

[0013] Furthermore, the side of the intermediate heat-insulating block is provided with five second temperature measuring holes, which are arranged in a "T" shape. The three second temperature measuring holes on the upper side are connected to the three first temperature measuring holes on the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink. The first, second, and third temperature measuring holes are used to monitor the temperature.

[0014] Furthermore, the stepped groove on the upper side of the copper-based heating block contacts the bottom of the biomimetic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink. The copper-based heating block is provided with heating holes for installing single-head electric heating tubes. The copper-based heating block is stepped, and the lower surface area of ​​the stepped groove is the same as the bottom area of ​​the alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink. A total of 3×3 single electric heating tubes with a power of 150W are arranged in the heating holes.

[0015] Furthermore, the copper-based heating block has two third temperature measuring holes on its side, and the two third temperature measuring holes are connected to the two second temperature measuring holes below.

[0016] Furthermore, a second central body for placing the copper-based heating block is provided in the middle of the base heat insulation block. The second central body is rectangular and located at the center of the base heat insulation block.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. This biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator adopts a layer-by-layer stacking design, which occupies a small area and facilitates the series installation of multiple radiators.

[0019] 2. The biomimetic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink has a channel structure that mimics the shape of alveoli. Compared with traditional rectangular microchannels, it has the characteristics of high heat exchange efficiency, good temperature uniformity and uniform flow distribution.

[0020] 3. The liquid inlet and outlet of the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator are located on both sides of the heat sink. With the help of the flow stabilizing chambers on both sides, it can effectively reduce the risk of water, electricity and fire caused by refrigerant leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink in this invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink in this invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink structure from the top view in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the intermediate heat-insulating block containing inlet and outlet in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate heat-insulating block containing inlets and outlets in this invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the copper-based heating block in this invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a top view of the structure of the base heat insulation block in this invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a temperature distribution diagram of the bottom surface of the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a pressure distribution diagram within the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a velocity distribution diagram within the biomimetic alveolar microchannel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a temperature distribution diagram of the bottom surface of the rectangular microchannel heat sink in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a pressure distribution diagram within the rectangular microchannel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a velocity distribution diagram within the rectangular microchannel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Bolt; 2. Glass top cover; 3. Bionic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink; 31. Alveolar-shaped microchannel; 32. First temperature measurement hole; 4. Sealing gasket; 5. Middle heat insulation block; 511. Left flow stabilizing cavity; 512. Right flow stabilizing cavity; 521. Heat exchange medium inlet; 522. Heat exchange medium outlet; 531. Left pressure measuring port; 532. Right pressure measuring port; 54. First groove; 55. First central through-body; 56. Second temperature measurement hole; 6. Copper-based heating block; 61. Stepped groove; 62. Heating hole; 63. Third temperature measurement hole; 7. Base heat insulation block; 71. Second central through-body; 8. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator includes a glass top cover plate 2 stacked from top to bottom and fixed by bolts 1 and nuts 8, a biomimetic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink 3, a sealing gasket 4, an intermediate heat insulation block 5 containing inlet and outlet, a copper-based heating block 6, and a base heat insulation block 7.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this example, the bolt shank 1 has a height of 120mm, the diameter of the four outermost bolt connection holes is 8mm, and the diameter of the remaining bolt connection holes is 6mm; the dimensions of the glass cover plate 2 are 170mm×80mm×10mm; the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink 3 is an integral rectangular structure, and the channel structure on the surface presents an alveolar branch shape. Three circular first temperature measurement holes 32 are arranged on the side of the heat sink. The dimensions of the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink 3 are 30mm×26mm×8mm. The diameter of the thermocouple first temperature measurement hole 32 on the side of the heat sink is 0.5mm, the depth is 13mm, and the height is 2.5mm below the bottom surface of the alveolar microchannel 31. The horizontal distance between two adjacent first temperature measurement holes 32 is 10mm, and the horizontal distance between the first temperature measurement holes 32 on both sides and the edge of the heat sink is 5mm.

[0038] The thickness of the sealing gasket 4 is 2mm. The outer rectangular dimensions of the sealing gasket 4 are 136mm×42mm, the inner rectangular dimensions are 128mm×34mm, and the chamfer radius on all four sides is 5mm.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a tubular heat exchange medium inlet 521 and a heat exchange medium outlet 522 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the intermediate heat block 5, which includes inlet and outlet. The heat exchange medium inlet 521 and the heat exchange medium outlet 522 are respectively connected to the left flow stabilizing cavity 511 and the right flow stabilizing cavity 512. A first intermediate body 55 for placing the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink 3 is arranged between the left flow stabilizing cavity 511 and the right flow stabilizing cavity 512.

[0040] The middle heat-insulating block 5, which includes the inlet and outlet, has five circular thermocouple second temperature measuring holes 56 arranged on its side. The three second temperature measuring holes 56 in the upper row are connected to the first temperature measuring hole 32 of the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink 3.

[0041] The total height of the heat insulation block 5 is 25mm; the height of the left flow stabilizing cavity 511 and the right flow stabilizing cavity 512 is 20mm, and the length is 25mm. The width of the side where the left flow stabilizing cavity 511 connects to the heat exchange medium inlet 521 and the right flow stabilizing cavity 512 connects to the heat exchange medium outlet 522 is 18mm. The width of the connection between the left flow stabilizing cavity 511 and the inlet of the alveolar microchannel 31 is 6mm, and the width of the connection between the alveolar microchannel 31 and the outlet of the right flow stabilizing cavity 512 is 9mm. The inner diameter of the heat exchange medium inlet 521 and the heat exchange medium outlet 522 is 6mm, the outer diameter is 18mm, and the length is 33mm.

[0042] like Figure 6As shown, the copper-based heating block 6 has a stepped groove 61 at the center of its top for placing a biomimetic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink 3. Two vertically arranged circular thermocouple third temperature measuring holes 63 are arranged on its side. These third temperature measuring holes 63 communicate with two second temperature measuring holes 56 on the upper and lower sides of the intermediate heat-insulating block 5. The heating hole 62 for placing a single-ended electric heating tube is cylindrical. The upper small cuboid of the copper-based heating block 6 has dimensions of 36mm × 32mm × 18mm, and the lower large cuboid has dimensions of... The dimensions are 50mm×46mm×72mm; the height of the transition trapezoid between the small and large cuboids is 4mm; the depth of the stepped groove 61 on the upper surface of the copper-based heating block 6 is 1mm; the two second temperature measuring holes 56 on the side of the copper-based heating block 6 are 5mm and 13mm away from the top of the copper-based heating block 6, respectively; the diameter of the second temperature measuring hole 56 is 0.5mm and the depth is 16mm; the diameter of the heating hole 62 of the single-head electric heating tube inside the copper-based heating block 6 is 10mm and the height is 70mm.

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, the second central body 71 of the base heat insulation block 7 is rectangular, and the length, width and height of the second central body 71 inside the base heat insulation block 7 are 50mm×46mm×75mm.

[0044] In this example, the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink can be processed using micromachining techniques such as microcutting / micromilling or additive manufacturing technology, while the other components can be processed using CNC machine tools.

[0045] The performance of the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator is described below.

[0046] Simulation conditions: The biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink is made of pure copper, and the heat exchange medium is deionized water.

[0047] The inlet conditions for the heat exchange medium (521) are: flow rate 0.35 L / min, inlet temperature 25℃. The outlet conditions for the heat exchange medium (522) are: pressure outlet, with the reference pressure being standard atmospheric pressure. The total heating power of the electric heating element is 316 W.

[0048] Simulation results: Temperature, pressure, and velocity distribution at the bottom surface of the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink 3 are shown in the figure below. Figure 8-10 As shown, the highest temperature on the bottom surface is 68.23℃, and the lowest temperature on the bottom surface is 64.96℃. The temperature difference is small and the temperature is relatively uniform. The highest pressure is 2294Pa. The highest flow velocity is 1.77m / s, and the flow velocity distribution between adjacent channels is relatively uniform.

[0049] Figure 11-13 This image shows the temperature, pressure, and velocity distribution at the bottom surface of a traditional rectangular microchannel heat sink, used for performance comparison with a biomimetic alveolar microchannel. The volume of the rectangular microchannel heat sink is 5870.39 mm².3 The surface area is 3103.6 mm². 2 The volume of alveolar microchannel 31 is 5912.35 mm. 3 The surface area is 2930.05 mm². 2 The two heat sinks have similar volumes but differ in surface area by 6%, which can be used for quantitative comparison.

[0050] For a rectangular microchannel heat sink, the highest temperature on the bottom surface is 144.5℃, and the lowest temperature on the bottom surface is 139.4℃; the highest pressure is 2230Pa; and the highest flow velocity is 2.07m / s. The flow velocity distribution in adjacent channels varies greatly, and the flow velocity in channels far from the center of the heat sink is extremely low, resulting in a higher wall temperature.

[0051] In summary, using biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannels instead of traditional rectangular microchannels can significantly improve heat dissipation efficiency while maintaining almost no change in pressure loss, and also results in a more uniform flow rate distribution.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator, characterized in that: The device includes bolts (1), a glass top cover plate (2), an intermediate heat insulation block (5), a copper-based heating block (6), a base heat insulation block (7), and nuts (8). The bolts (1) can pass through the glass top cover plate (2), the intermediate heat insulation block (5), and the base heat insulation block (7) and be screwed together with the nuts (8) to realize the installation and fixation of the radiator. The intermediate heat insulation block (5) is provided with a biomimetic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink (3). The intermediate heat insulation block (5) is provided with a sealing gasket (4). The base heat insulation block (7) is provided with a copper-based heating block (6). The copper-based heating block (6) is connected to the biomimetic copper-based alveolar-shaped microchannel heat sink (3) through thermally conductive silicone grease. The surface of the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink (3) is provided with a biomimetic alveolar microchannel (31), and three first temperature measuring holes (32) are arranged on the side of the alveolar microchannel heat sink (3). The middle heat-insulating block (5) is provided with a left flow-stabilizing cavity (511) and a right flow-stabilizing cavity (512) at its left and right ends respectively. The left flow-stabilizing cavity (511) is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet (521), and the right flow-stabilizing cavity (512) is provided with a heat exchange medium outlet (522). The heat exchange medium inlet, the left flow stabilizing chamber, the biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel, the right flow stabilizing chamber, and the heat exchange medium inlet are connected in sequence.

2. The biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the intermediate heat-insulating block (5) is provided with a first groove (54) for placing a sealing gasket (4), and the sealing gasket (4) is disposed inside the first groove (54).

3. The biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium inlet (521) and heat exchange medium outlet (522) are respectively provided with a left pressure measuring port (531) and a right pressure measuring port (532) that can be connected to a pressure sensor.

4. The biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle heat-insulating block (5) is provided with a first central body (55) for placing the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink.

5. The biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the intermediate heat-insulating block (5) is provided with five second temperature measuring holes (56) arranged in a "T" shape. The three second temperature measuring holes (56) on the upper side are connected to the three first temperature measuring holes (32) on the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink (3).

6. The biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepped groove (61) on the upper side of the copper-based heating block (6) contacts the bottom of the biomimetic copper-based alveolar microchannel heat sink (3), and the copper-based heating block (6) is provided with a heating hole (62) for installing a single-head electric heating tube.

7. A biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The copper-based heating block (6) has two third temperature measuring holes (63) on its side, and the two third temperature measuring holes (63) are connected to the two second temperature measuring holes (56) below.

8. The biomimetic alveolar-shaped microchannel radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base heat insulation block (7) has a second through body (71) in the middle for placing the copper-based heating block (6).

Images