Photovoltaic module shadow analysis method and device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and device for analyzing shadows of photovoltaic modules. The method includes: obtaining obstacle information of an obstacle and location information of each photovoltaic array; determining the obstructed photovoltaic array and the array azimuth and array inclination of the obstructed photovoltaic array based on the obstacle information and the location information of each photovoltaic array; and determining the shadow length of the obstacle relative to each obstructed photovoltaic array based on the array azimuth and array inclination of each obstructed photovoltaic array in combination with the obstacle information. The method solves the problem of inaccurate analysis results during shadow analysis. The influence of the array inclination and array azimuth is taken into account when calculating the shadow length, resulting in a more accurate calculation result. The array inclination is used to correct the plane shadow to an inclined shadow, thereby increasing the paved area of ​​the photovoltaic module. The array azimuth is used to improve the accuracy of the actual shadow length calculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic application technology, and in particular to a shadow analysis method and device for a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] To maximize installed capacity, current rooftop PV power plants typically fully cover the rooftop with PV panels within the limited available area. Examples include fully covering residential PV power plants, using BIPV on rooftops, and installing PV power plants on sloped roofs. When this approach is used, the PV layout diagram is designed to fully cover the rooftop first, then remove panels based on shadows cast by obstacles.

[0003] Conventional shadow methods only consider shadows cast on horizontal roofs. The actual shadow area in a full-coverage scenario is much smaller than the shadow cast on a horizontal roof because it is cast on an inclined photovoltaic array. For example, Figure 1 A three-dimensional geometric model of the shadow length of the south obstacle is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, JC represents an obstacle. The shadow CIHO cast on the inclined surface of the photovoltaic array is smaller than the shadow CEGO' cast on the flat surface. Conventional shadow analysis methods also default to an array azimuth of 0, but in reality, buildings do not always face due south. Therefore, existing shadow analysis methods produce inaccurate results, hindering the placement of photovoltaic arrays. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and device for analyzing shadows of photovoltaic modules, so as to solve the problem of inaccurate shadow analysis during the laying of photovoltaic modules.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for analyzing shadows of a photovoltaic module is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain obstacle information of obstacles and location information of each photovoltaic array;

[0007] Determining a blocked photovoltaic array, and an array azimuth and an array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array according to the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array;

[0008] The shadow length of the obstacle relative to each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays is determined according to the array azimuth angle and the array inclination angle of each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays in combination with the obstacle information.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, a photovoltaic module shadow analysis device is provided, the device comprising:

[0010] An information acquisition module is used to obtain obstacle information of obstacles and location information of each photovoltaic array;

[0011] An array and angle determination module is used to determine the blocked photovoltaic array and the array azimuth and array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array based on the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array;

[0012] The shadow length determination module is used to determine the shadow length of the obstacle relative to each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays according to the array azimuth and array inclination of each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays in combination with obstacle information.

[0013] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem of inaccurate analysis results in the shadow analysis process by obtaining obstacle information of the obstacle and the position information of each photovoltaic array; determining the blocked photovoltaic array and the array azimuth and array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array according to the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array; determining the shadow length of the obstacle relative to each blocked photovoltaic array according to the array azimuth and array inclination of each blocked photovoltaic array in combination with the obstacle information, and determining the blocked photovoltaic array and the array azimuth and array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array by analyzing the position information of the obstacle and the photovoltaic array, and then determining the shadow length according to the array azimuth and array inclination in combination with the obstacle information, taking into account the influence of the array inclination and array azimuth when calculating the shadow length, and making the calculation result more accurate; correcting the plane shadow to the inclined shadow by the array inclination, thereby increasing the photovoltaic paving area; and improving the accuracy of the actual shadow length calculation by the array azimuth.

[0014] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 Background technology provides a three-dimensional geometric model of the shadow length of a south obstacle;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a photovoltaic module shadow analysis method provided in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a photovoltaic module shadow analysis method provided in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between an obstacle and a photovoltaic array provided according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5a is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of an obstacle in which the north side does not intersect with the blocked photovoltaic array according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5b is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of the intersection of the north side of an obstacle and the blocked photovoltaic array provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5c is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of an obstacle located within a blocked photovoltaic array according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an obstacle shadow range provided according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7a 1 is a schematic diagram of a single square array shadow of each blocked photovoltaic array provided according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7b is a schematic diagram of a shadow cast by an obstacle on a multi-square array according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a shadow diagram of an east parapet provided according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9a is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a parapet shielding a photovoltaic array according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9b is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a parapet and a photovoltaic array having no intersection provided according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9c is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of an intersection between a parapet and a photovoltaic array provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic array spatial rectangular coordinate system provided according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a YOZ cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic array provided according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12a is a schematic diagram of a rooftop view of a main room and auxiliary rooms provided according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12b This is a schematic diagram of a shadow generated by a parapet on the north side of a main room according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12c This is a schematic diagram of shadows generated by a photovoltaic array in a main room according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13a This is a schematic diagram of a shadow generated by a north parapet wall of an auxiliary room according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 13b This is a schematic diagram of shadows generated by a photovoltaic array in a supporting room according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 14 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module shadow analysis device provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 15 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device for implementing the shadow analysis method of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Figure 2A flowchart of a photovoltaic module shadow analysis method is provided for the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the case of analyzing shadow occlusion when laying photovoltaic modules. The method can be executed by a photovoltaic module shadow analysis device, which can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The photovoltaic module shadow analysis device can be configured in an electronic device. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0043] S101: Obtain obstacle information of obstacles and location information of each photovoltaic array.

[0044] In this embodiment, the obstacle information may include the location information of the obstacle, the length, width, height, etc. The location information may be represented by coordinates.

[0045] This embodiment uses a fully rooftop photovoltaic array as an example for shadow analysis. When the photovoltaic arrays are laid out, the location information of each photovoltaic array is determined accordingly, along with the obstacle information of any obstacles on the roof. The number of obstacles can be one or more, and the same method is used to determine the length of the shadow cast by each obstacle on the photovoltaic array.

[0046] S102 : Determine the blocked photovoltaic array, and the array azimuth and array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array according to the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array.

[0047] In this embodiment, a blocked photovoltaic array can be specifically understood as a photovoltaic array that is blocked by an obstacle, thereby casting a shadow. Obstacle information is used to determine the location of the obstacle and the length of its shadow in each direction. The location of the obstacle and the location of the photovoltaic array, combined with the shadow length, is used to determine whether the shadow cast by the obstacle blocks each photovoltaic array. The blocked photovoltaic array is then identified as the blocked photovoltaic array. The array azimuth and array inclination are determined accordingly during installation. Therefore, after the blocked photovoltaic array is identified, its array azimuth and array inclination are also determined accordingly.

[0048] When determining whether a photovoltaic array is blocked, the present application can determine the coordinates of the photovoltaic array and the obstacle in a rectangular coordinate system by constructing the rectangular coordinate system, and determine the positional relationship by coordinate analysis.

[0049] It should be noted that the array azimuth angle and array inclination angle of each photovoltaic array in this application are the same.

[0050] S103 : Determine the shadow length of the obstacle relative to each blocked photovoltaic array based on the array azimuth and array inclination of each blocked photovoltaic array and the obstacle information.

[0051] The same method is used to calculate the shadow length cast by the obstacle for each obstructed PV array. The positional relationship between the obstacle and the obstructed PV array is analyzed based on the shadow cast by the obstacle, the obstacle information, and the distance between the obstacle and the PV array. The projection heights generated by different positional relationships are analyzed. Based on the projection heights and the array azimuth and inclination, the shadow lengths cast by the obstacle on each obstructed PV array in different directions are determined.

[0052] Obstacles can create shadows on the east, west, south, and north sides. This application determines the corresponding shadow lengths in different directions when determining the shadow length. Generally speaking, when an obstacle creates a shadow, the length of the shadow it creates is different at each moment, and the direction of the shadow is also different. In order to improve the laying efficiency of photovoltaic modules, this application determines the maximum shadow range based on the calculated shadow lengths in each direction when performing shadow analysis. Photovoltaic modules within the shadow range can be deleted to avoid waste of resources caused by photovoltaic modules being blocked after laying. This application corrects the plane shadow to the inclined plane projected shadow through the array inclination angle when calculating the shadow length, thereby increasing the photovoltaic laying area, improving the accuracy of the actual shadow length calculation through the array azimuth angle, and increasing the power generation.

[0053] When there are multiple obstacles, the shadow of each obstacle is analyzed to obtain the shadow of each obstacle. By analyzing all shadow areas, the photovoltaic modules blocked by the shadows are determined, and then the photovoltaic modules are deleted to avoid resource waste.

[0054] An embodiment of the present application provides a shadow analysis method for a photovoltaic component, which obtains obstacle information of an obstacle and position information of each photovoltaic array; determines the blocked photovoltaic array and the array azimuth and array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array according to the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array; determines the shadow length of the obstacle relative to each blocked photovoltaic array according to the array azimuth and array inclination of each blocked photovoltaic array in combination with the obstacle information, thereby solving the problem of inaccurate analysis results during shadow analysis, and determines the blocked photovoltaic array and the array azimuth and array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array by analyzing the position information of the obstacle and the photovoltaic array, and then determines the shadow length according to the array azimuth and array inclination in combination with the obstacle information, and considers the influence of the array inclination and array azimuth when calculating the shadow length, so that the calculation result is more accurate; corrects the plane shadow to the inclined shadow through the array inclination, thereby increasing the photovoltaic paving area; improves the accuracy of the actual shadow length calculation through the array azimuth, and reduces the power generation loss.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Figure 3This is a flow chart of a photovoltaic module shadow analysis method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is refined based on the above embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0057] S201: Obtain obstacle information of obstacles and location information of each photovoltaic array.

[0058] S202: Determine the target north shadow length of the obstacle according to the obstacle information.

[0059] In this embodiment, the target north shadow length can be specifically understood as the length of the north shadow cast by an obstacle without considering the array tilt angle. The obstacle height is determined based on the obstacle information, and the target north shadow length is calculated based on the obstacle height, the array azimuth, and the solar azimuth and solar altitude angles.

[0060] Optionally, this embodiment of the application provides a formula for calculating the north shadow length:

[0061] A′=h·cotα·cos(||β|-|λ||) (1)

[0062] Where A′ is the length of the north shadow, h is the height of the obstacle, α is the solar altitude, β is the solar azimuth, and λ is the array azimuth. Adding the array azimuth to the solar azimuth in the above shadow analysis method yields an equivalent solar azimuth, and the total shadow length is calculated by decomposing it into parallelograms for the north, south, west, and east. At 9 or 15 o'clock on the winter solstice, the total shadow length is the largest, and the decomposed north shadow length is the largest at this time. Therefore, α and β are the solar altitude and solar azimuth at 9 o'clock on the winter solstice, respectively. Formula (1) does not consider the array inclination when calculating the north shadow length.

[0063] S203 : Determine a first horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of each photovoltaic array according to the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array.

[0064] The position of the obstacle is determined based on the obstacle information, and the relative position of the obstacle and the photovoltaic array is determined based on the position information of the photovoltaic array. Then, the horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of each photovoltaic array is determined, and this horizontal distance is used as the first horizontal distance.

[0065] For example, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between obstacles and photovoltaic arrays is provided. Figure 4The following figure shows a top view of obstacle 21 and photovoltaic array 22. A rectangular coordinate system is established with the lower left point of obstacle 21 as the origin, the east direction as the X-axis, and the north direction as the Y-axis. The positional relationship between obstacle 21 and photovoltaic array 22 is analyzed. The dimensions of the rectangular obstacle are m×n×h, where h is the vertical relative height of obstacle 21 relative to the lowest point of the photovoltaic array. The distance between the south side of obstacle 21 and the south side of photovoltaic array 22 along the Y-axis is X, where X is the first horizontal distance. Figure 4 As shown. Among them, Figure 4 The position of the photovoltaic array 22 in the figure is only an example. It can be in any direction of the obstacle 21, and the value of X can be positive or negative.

[0066] S204 : Determine each photovoltaic array whose shadow length on the north side of the target is greater than the first horizontal distance as a blocked photovoltaic array.

[0067] Compare the target's north shadow length and the first horizontal distance. If the first horizontal distance is greater than or equal to the target's north shadow length, the obstacle is not blocking the PV array. If the target's north shadow length is greater than the first horizontal distance, the obstacle is blocking the PV array corresponding to the first horizontal distance, and the PV array is identified as blocked.

[0068] S205 . For each blocked photovoltaic array, determine the positional relationship between the obstacle and the blocked photovoltaic array according to the shadow length on the north side of the target, the first horizontal distance, and the width of the obstacle.

[0069] In this embodiment, the position relationship can be divided into non-intersecting, intersecting, and the obstacle is located within the photovoltaic array. The width of the obstacle is Figure 4 For each obstructed PV array, the following method is used to determine its positional relationship with the obstacle. The positional relationship between the obstacle and the obstructed PV array is determined by comparing the north shadow length A' of the target, the first horizontal distance X, and the width n of the obstacle. When n < X < A', there is a shadow, and the north side of the obstacle does not intersect the obstructed PV array. When 0 < X ​​≤ n, the north side of the obstacle intersects the obstructed PV array. When X ≤ 0, the obstacle is located within the obstructed PV array.

[0070] S206: Determine a first target height corresponding to each direction according to the position relationship.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first target height can be specifically understood as the actual shadow height of the obstacle when projected. The first target height is a calculated relative height. The shadow cast by the obstacle is determined by analyzing its positional relationship. Different positional relationships result in different projection heights when projected. The first target height of the projection is determined based on the positional relationship. When the obstacle is projected in different directions, the corresponding first target height varies.

[0072] S207 : Determine the shadow length corresponding to each direction according to each first target height, the array azimuth angle, and the array inclination angle of the blocked photovoltaic array.

[0073] The calculation formula for the shadow length in different directions is predetermined, and the shadow length corresponding to each direction is calculated based on information such as the first target height, the array azimuth angle of the blocked photovoltaic array, the array inclination angle, the solar altitude angle, and the solar azimuth angle.

[0074] For example, the calculation formula for the north shadow length A of the obstacle is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] The calculation formula for the south shadow length B of the obstacle is as follows:

[0077] B′=min(h·cotα·cos(|β|+|λ|),h·cotα2·cos(|β2|+|λ|),0) (3)

[0078]

[0079] The calculation formula for the west shadow length C of the obstacle is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] The calculation formula for the east shadow length D of the obstacle is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] Where α and β are the solar altitude and azimuth angles at 9:00 a.m. on the winter solstice, α2 and β2 are the solar altitude and azimuth angles at 9:00 a.m. on the summer solstice, λ is the array azimuth angle, θ is the array tilt angle, and h is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic array relative to the horizontal plane. The first target height h may be different for each direction in different positional relationships.

[0084] The east and west shadow lengths are affected by the array azimuth, solar altitude, and solar azimuth. This requires traversing all days of the year from 9:00 to 15:00 to determine the maximum absolute value of the shadow length. However, to reduce computational complexity, the solar altitude and azimuth are simplified to take the east and west shadow lengths at 9:00 or 15:00 on the winter solstice as the maximum. Because the total shadow length at 9:00 and 15:00 is the same at true solar time, after mathematical manipulation, only 9:00 on the winter solstice is sufficient.

[0085] The array azimuth correction formula uses north and east as positive directions. If shadows appear in the west and south, the values ​​are displayed as negative. Therefore, in the correction formula, the west shadow length must be minimized by 0 (indicating no west shadow), i.e., min(west shadow length, 0). The south shadow length must be minimized by 0 (indicating no south shadow), i.e., min(south shadow length, 0).

[0086] When the azimuth angle is not zero, the maximum value of the obstacle's south shadow is affected by the array azimuth angle, solar altitude angle, and solar azimuth angle. Therefore, it is necessary to traverse all days of the year from 9:00 to 15:00 to find the maximum absolute value of the shadow length. However, to reduce the computational complexity, the minimum value between 9:00 and 15:00 on the winter solstice or 9:00 and 15:00 on the summer solstice is taken (because the south shadow is a negative number, the formula takes the smallest negative number) as the obstacle's south shadow, i.e., min(south shadow length at 9:00 or 15:00 on the winter solstice, south shadow length at 9:00 or 15:00 on the summer solstice, 0).

[0087] Optionally, when the positional relationship is that the north side of the obstacle does not intersect the blocked photovoltaic array, the first target height corresponding to each direction determined according to the positional relationship is optimized into the following steps A1-A2:

[0088] A1. Determine a first intersection point between the north side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine a first target height corresponding to the north direction based on the first intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle.

[0089] A2. The vertical relative height between the obstacle and the lowest point of the blocked photovoltaic array is used as the first target height corresponding to the south, east, and west directions.

[0090] For example, Figure 5aA schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of an obstacle that does not intersect the obstructed photovoltaic array on the north side is provided. The obstructed photovoltaic array is extended so that its extension line intersects with the obstacle, and the intersection with the north side of the obstacle is used as the first intersection point. The relative height difference h1 between the first intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle is used as the first target height in the north direction, h1 = h2 + (Xn) * tanθ, and h1 is substituted into formula (2) to calculate the shadow length in the north direction. The vertical relative height h2 between the obstacle and the lowest point of the obstructed photovoltaic array is used as the first target height corresponding to the south, east, and west directions. h2 is substituted into formulas (3)-(4) to calculate the shadow length in the south direction, h2 is substituted into formula (5) to calculate the shadow length in the west direction, and h2 is substituted into formula (6) to calculate the shadow length in the east direction.

[0091] Optionally, when the positional relationship is that the north side of the obstacle intersects the blocked photovoltaic array, determining the first target height corresponding to each direction according to the positional relationship is optimized to the following steps B1-B3:

[0092] B1. Determine the second intersection point between the north side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine the first target height corresponding to the north direction based on the second intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle;

[0093] B2. The vertical relative height between the obstacle and the lowest point of the blocked photovoltaic array is used as the first target height corresponding to the south direction;

[0094] B3. Determine the third intersection point between the south side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine the first target heights corresponding to the east and west directions based on the third intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle.

[0095] For example, Figure 5b A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of the intersection of the north side of an obstacle and the obstructed photovoltaic array is provided. The obstructed photovoltaic array is extended so that its extension line intersects the obstacle, and the intersection with the north side of the obstacle is used as the second intersection point. The relative height difference h3 between the second intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle is used as the first target height in the north direction, and h3 is substituted into formula (2) to calculate the shadow length in the north direction. The vertical relative height h4 between the obstacle and the lowest point of the obstructed photovoltaic array is used as the first target height corresponding to the south direction, and h4 is substituted into formulas (3)-(4) to calculate the shadow length in the south direction. The intersection of the south side of the obstacle and the extension line of the obstructed photovoltaic array is used as the third intersection point, and the relative height difference h5 between the third intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle is used as the first target height in the east and west directions. h5 is substituted into formulas (5) and (6) respectively to calculate the shadow length in the west and east directions.

[0096] Optionally, when the positional relationship is that the obstacle is located within the blocked photovoltaic array, determining the first target height corresponding to each direction according to the positional relationship is optimized into the following steps C1-C2:

[0097] C1. Determine the fourth intersection point between the north side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine the first target height corresponding to the north direction based on the fourth intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle.

[0098] C2. Determine the fifth intersection point between the south side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine the first target heights corresponding to the south, east, and west directions based on the fifth intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle.

[0099] For example, Figure 5c A schematic diagram of a cross-section of an obstacle located within a blocked photovoltaic array is provided. The blocked photovoltaic array is extended so that its extension line intersects with the obstacle, and the intersection with the north side of the obstacle is used as the fourth intersection point. The relative height difference h6 between the fourth intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle is used as the first target height in the north direction, and h6 is substituted into formula (2) to calculate the shadow length in the north direction. The intersection of the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array and the south side of the obstacle is used as the fifth intersection point. The relative height difference h7 between the fifth intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle is used as the first target height corresponding to the south, east, and west directions, and the shadow lengths corresponding to the south, east, and west directions are calculated in combination with formulas (3)-(6).

[0100] For example, Figure 6 Provide a schematic diagram of the obstacle shadow range, Figure 6 The rectangular coordinate system constructed in Figure 4 The same rectangular coordinate system is used. After determining the shadow lengths in the four directions, projections are performed on the rectangular coordinate system based on the shadow lengths. A, B, C, and D are the shadow lengths for the north, south, west, and east sides, and the resulting rectangle 1234 represents the shadow range of the obstacle. Once the PV array is fully covered, the PV modules within the shadow range can be removed.

[0101] Since there may be more than one photovoltaic array blocked by obstacles, after performing shadow analysis on each blocked photovoltaic array, the intersection of each shadow and the corresponding array is the shadow area on the array, and finally the shadow areas of all arrays are summarized.

[0102] Perform shadow analysis of a single array on the shaded photovoltaic array 1 area, and find that the intersection of the shadow area and the shaded photovoltaic array 1 is G1;

[0103] Perform shadow analysis of a single array on the shaded photovoltaic array 2 area, and find that the intersection of the shadow area and the shaded photovoltaic array 2 is G2;

[0104] Perform shadow analysis of the single array on the shaded photovoltaic array 3 area, and find that the intersection of the shadow area and the shaded photovoltaic array 3 is G3;

[0105] …

[0106] Perform shadow analysis on the blocked photovoltaic array n area, and find that the intersection of the shadow area and the blocked photovoltaic array n is G n ;

[0107] In summary, the shadow cast by a rectangular obstacle on a multi-array is G = G1∪G2∪G3∪…G n .

[0108] For example, Figure 7a A schematic diagram of the shadow of each blocked photovoltaic array is provided. Figure 7a Taking four obstructed photovoltaic arrays as an example, the rectangles in the figure are shadows cast by obstacles on the obstructed photovoltaic arrays. Figure 7b A schematic diagram of the shadow cast by an obstacle on a multi-square matrix is ​​provided, where the polygons in the figure represent the total shadow area produced by the obstacle.

[0109] When laying out PV arrays, some rooftops have parapets, which can also cast shadows and affect the placement of the PV arrays. In scenarios where a rooftop PV power station is fully installed, the PV layout logic for a roof with parapets is as follows: first, fully install the panels, starting with the shadow of the south parapet, and then remove panels based on the shadowed areas on the east, west, and north sides.

[0110] As an optional embodiment of this embodiment, this optional embodiment is further optimized to include steps D1-D2:

[0111] D1. Determine the parapet information of the roof where the PV array is located.

[0112] In this embodiment, parapet information may include information such as parapet height and the distance between the parapet and the PV array. After the PV array is deployed on the roof, some information about the parapet on the roof is determined accordingly. For example, the parapet height is determined by pre-storing the parapet heights of different houses. During shadow analysis, the corresponding parapet height is obtained based on the roof where the PV array is deployed. Information such as the distance between the parapet and the PV array needs to be measured based on the actual deployment of the PV array. Therefore, parapet information can also be input by staff after measurement. The parapet height can also be input manually by staff.

[0113] D2. Determine the shadow length corresponding to the parapet in each direction based on the parapet information and the array azimuth and array inclination of the photovoltaic array.

[0114] Predetermine the shadow length calculation formula, taking into account the effects of the array azimuth and array tilt. Parapets in different orientations cast different shadows, affecting the PV array in different ways, and the shadow length calculation formula may also differ. Substitute the parapet information, array azimuth, and array tilt into the calculation formula to calculate the shadow length for each parapet in different orientations.

[0115] Optionally, the parapet information includes at least the parapet height, the second horizontal distance between the east parapet and each photovoltaic array, and the third horizontal distance between the west parapet and each photovoltaic array.

[0116] For example, Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the shadow of the east parapet is provided. Assume that the horizontal distance between the east parapet and the photovoltaic array is ΔX1 (i.e., the second horizontal distance), △MLK is the shadow cast by the parapet on the photovoltaic array, L′K is the length of the west shadow of the east parapet, and ML is the array width affected on the photovoltaic array plane.

[0117] D21. Determine the west shadow length of the east parapet and the east shadow length of the west parapet based on the parapet height and the array azimuth of the PV array.

[0118] Based on the parapet height, the array azimuth, solar altitude angle, solar azimuth and corresponding calculation formulas are used to calculate the west shadow length of the east parapet and the east shadow length of the west parapet.

[0119] For example, the present application provides a west side shadow length C of the east side parapet. 女儿墙 The calculation formula is:

[0120] C 女儿墙 =min(-h·cotα·sin(λ-β),0) (7)

[0121] For example, the present application provides a shadow length D on the east side of a west parapet wall. 女儿墙 The calculation formula is:

[0122] D 女儿墙 =max(-h·cotα·sin(λ+β),0) (8)

[0123] In formulas (7) and (8), h is the parapet height, λ is the array azimuth, α is the solar altitude angle, and β is the solar azimuth angle. Preferably, α and β in this embodiment are the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle at 9 o'clock on the winter solstice.

[0124] D22. Determine the width of the shadow cast by the east parapet on the PV array based on the parapet height, the array inclination angle of the PV array, the west shadow length, and the second horizontal distance.

[0125] A formula for calculating the width of the shadow cast by the east parapet on the photovoltaic array is predetermined. According to the formula, the parapet height, the array inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, the west shadow length and the second horizontal distance are substituted into the formula to calculate the width of the shadow cast by the east parapet on the photovoltaic array.

[0126] For example, the present application provides a shadow width C′ generated by the east parapet on the photovoltaic array. 女儿墙 The calculation formula is:

[0127]

[0128] Among them, θ is the array inclination angle, and the parapet height h, the array inclination angle θ of the photovoltaic array, and the west shadow length C 女儿墙 Substituting the second horizontal distance ΔX1 into formula (9), the shadow width C′ produced by the east parapet on the photovoltaic array can be obtained. 女儿墙 (i.e. the projection length of ML).

[0129] D23. Determine the width of the shadow cast by the west parapet on the photovoltaic array based on the parapet height, the array inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, the east shadow length and the third horizontal distance.

[0130] A formula for calculating the width of the shadow cast by the west parapet on the photovoltaic array is predetermined. According to the formula, the parapet height, the array inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, the east shadow length and the third horizontal distance are substituted into the formula to calculate the width of the shadow cast by the west parapet on the photovoltaic array.

[0131] For example, the present application provides a shadow width D′ generated by the west parapet on the photovoltaic array. 女儿墙 The calculation formula is:

[0132]

[0133] Where θ is the array inclination angle, and ΔX2 is the third horizontal distance.

[0134] D24. Determine the north shadow length of the south parapet based on the parapet height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array.

[0135] The south parapet only produces a north shadow. Substitute the parapet height as h and the array azimuth angle λ of the photovoltaic array into formula (1) to obtain the north shadow length of the south parapet.

[0136] D25. Determine the reference length of the south shadow of the north parapet based on the parapet height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array.

[0137] In this embodiment, the south shadow reference length can be specifically understood as being used to determine whether the north parapet affects the shadow length of the photovoltaic array. The south shadow reference length serves as a criterion for determining whether the parapet obstructs the photovoltaic array. The south shadow reference length of the north parapet is calculated based solely on the parapet height and the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array, without considering the array inclination. Substituting the parapet height and azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array into formula (3) yields the south shadow reference length.

[0138] D26. When the shielding condition is determined to be met based on the south shadow reference length and the first horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of the PV array, determine the target height difference between the intersection of the extended line of the PV array slope and the inner side of the parapet and the highest point of the parapet. Determine the south shadow length of the north parapet based on the target height difference, the array azimuth and array inclination of the PV array.

[0139] In this embodiment, the shading condition can be specifically understood as a criterion for determining whether the parapet blocks the PV array. For example, the south shadow reference length must be within a certain range. The target height difference can be specifically understood as the relative height difference between the intersection of the extended slope of the PV array and the inner side of the parapet and the highest point of the parapet.

[0140] The south shadow reference length and the first horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of the PV array determine whether the obstruction condition is met. If so, the slope of the PV array is extended to determine the intersection of the extended slope line and the inner side of the parapet. The relative height difference between this intersection and the highest point of the parapet is calculated and used as the target height difference. The south shadow length of the north parapet is calculated based on the target height difference, the array azimuth and array inclination of the PV array, and the solar altitude and azimuth.

[0141] For example, Figure 9a A schematic diagram of a cross-section of a photovoltaic array blocked by a parapet is provided. The slope length of the photovoltaic array is L. PV , when L PV cosθ≤X <B′+L PV When cosθ, it is determined that the shading condition is met and the photovoltaic array is blocked. Let the target height difference between the intersection of the extended line of the photovoltaic array slope and the inner side of the parapet and the highest point of the parapet be h′.

[0142] h′=hX·tanθ (11)

[0143] The shadow length B on the south side of the north parapet is calculated by formula (3): 北侧女儿墙 for:

[0144] B 北侧女儿墙=min(h′·cotα·cos(|β|+|λ|),h′·cotα2·cos(|β2|+|λ|),0);

[0145] Among them, α and α2 are the solar altitude angles at 9 o'clock on the winter solstice and summer solstice, and β and β2 are the solar azimuth angles at 9 o'clock on the winter solstice and summer solstice.

[0146] When the occlusion conditions are not met, the following situations are included:

[0147] (i) When X ≥ B′ + L PV When cotθ, there is no shadow.

[0148] (ii) When 0 <X<L PV When cosθ, the array is set to have an overhang on the north side;

[0149] When h≤X·tanθ, that is When , the photovoltaic array has no intersection with the north parapet, for example, Figure 9b A schematic diagram of a cross-section of a parapet wall and a photovoltaic array having no intersection is provided, in which case the parapet wall does not cast a shadow on the photovoltaic array.

[0150] When h>X·tanθ, that is When the photovoltaic array intersects with the north parapet, for example, Figure 9c A schematic diagram of a cross-section of a parapet intersecting the photovoltaic array is provided, which does not actually exist.

[0151] If multiple photovoltaic arrays with the same inclination angle are not aligned in the Y-axis direction of the roof, shadows between the arrays may be generated. Figure 10 This article provides a schematic diagram of a spatial rectangular coordinate system for photovoltaic arrays, using three photovoltaic arrays as an example. The spatial rectangular coordinate system is established with the lower left corner of photovoltaic array 1 as the origin, the roof's east direction (not necessarily the same as the geographic direction) as the X-axis, the roof's north direction as the Y-axis, and the zenith direction as the Z-axis. Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the YOZ cross-section of a photovoltaic array is provided. Assume that the absolute value of the coordinate difference between photovoltaic array 1 and photovoltaic array 2 in the Y-axis direction is Δ1, the absolute value of the coordinate difference between photovoltaic array 1 and photovoltaic array 3 in the Y-axis direction is Δ2, and the length of the inclined surface of photovoltaic array 1 is L. PV , the length of photovoltaic array 1 in the X-axis direction is D x , the inclination angle of the photovoltaic array is θ.

[0152] In this embodiment, when calculating the shadows between arrays, the shadows between different photovoltaic arrays on the same roof can be calculated, or the shadows between arrays on different roofs can be calculated. For different roofs, the roof heights are the same.

[0153] As an optional embodiment of this embodiment, this optional embodiment is further optimized to include the following steps E1-E3:

[0154] E1. Determine a photovoltaic array group with inter-array shadows based on position information of each photovoltaic array, where the photovoltaic array group includes a first photovoltaic array and a second photovoltaic array, and the first photovoltaic array casts a shadow on the second photovoltaic array.

[0155] In this embodiment, a photovoltaic array group can be specifically understood as a combination of two photovoltaic arrays with inter-array shadows. The first photovoltaic array is the photovoltaic array that casts a shadow, affecting the other photovoltaic arrays, and the second photovoltaic array is the photovoltaic array that is affected by the shadows cast by the other photovoltaic arrays. The two photovoltaic arrays in the photovoltaic array group are the first photovoltaic array and the second photovoltaic array, respectively, where the first photovoltaic array casts a shadow on the second photovoltaic array.

[0156] Shadow analysis is performed based on the location information of each photovoltaic array to determine the photovoltaic array group with inter-array shadows. The photovoltaic array that produces shadows on other photovoltaic arrays is regarded as the first photovoltaic array, and the photovoltaic array that is affected is regarded as the second photovoltaic array.

[0157] E2. Determine a fourth horizontal distance between the lowest point of the first photovoltaic array and the lowest point of the second photovoltaic array, and determine a shadow direction according to position information of the first photovoltaic array and the second photovoltaic array.

[0158] The horizontal distance in the Y-axis direction is calculated based on the lowest point of the first photovoltaic array and the lowest point of the second photovoltaic array as the fourth horizontal distance. For example, Figure 11 Δ1 and Δ2 in . The positions of the first and second photovoltaic arrays are analyzed to determine the directions of the shadows. For example, the north and west shadows of photovoltaic array 1 are projected onto photovoltaic array 2, and the north and east shadows of photovoltaic array 1 are projected onto photovoltaic array 3.

[0159] E3. Determine the shadow length based on the shadow direction combined with the array inclination and array azimuth.

[0160] Different shadow directions require different parameter calculation methods when calculating shadow length. The parameter values ​​used to calculate shadow length are determined based on the shadow direction. The shadow length is calculated based on these parameter values, combined with the array inclination, array azimuth, solar altitude, and solar azimuth.

[0161] As an optional embodiment of this embodiment, this optional embodiment further optimizes the determination of the shadow length based on the shadow direction in combination with the array tilt angle and the array azimuth angle into the following steps E31-E14:

[0162] E31. When the shadow direction is north shadow, determine the slope length of the first photovoltaic array, and determine the slope projection length based on the slope length and the array inclination angle.

[0163] The slope length of each photovoltaic array is predetermined, allowing the use of identically sized photovoltaic arrays during installation. The array inclination and azimuth angles of each photovoltaic array are identical and predetermined. Therefore, after determining the first photovoltaic array, the slope projection length can be calculated based on the slope length and inclination angle of the first photovoltaic array: slope projection length = slope length × cosθ.

[0164] E32. Determine a second target height based on the array inclination angle and the fourth horizontal distance, and determine a north shadow length cast by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array based on the second target height and the slope projection length in combination with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle.

[0165] The second target height = the fourth horizontal distance × tanθ. The sum of the second target height and the inclined plane projection length is taken as h. Combined with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle, the north shadow length calculated by formula (2) is the north shadow length produced by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array.

[0166] For example, the length of the north shadow of photovoltaic array 1 on photovoltaic array 2 is: L PV Substitute ·cosθ+Δ1·tanθ as h into the obtained north shadow length in formula (2).

[0167] The length of the north shadow of PV array 1 on PV array 3 is: L PV Substitute ·cosθ+Δ2·tanθ as h into the obtained north shadow length in formula (2).

[0168] E33. When the shadow direction is a west shadow, determine the third target height based on the array inclination angle and the fourth horizontal distance, and determine the west shadow length cast by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array based on the third target height combined with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle.

[0169] like Figure 10 As shown, the west shadow generated by photovoltaic array 1 is projected on photovoltaic array 2. The third target height = the fourth horizontal distance × tanθ. The third target height is taken as h. Combined with the array inclination angle and array azimuth angle, it is substituted into formula (5) for calculation. The obtained west shadow length is the west shadow length generated by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array.

[0170] E34. When the shadow direction is an east shadow, determine the fourth target height based on the slope width, array inclination angle and fourth horizontal distance of the first photovoltaic array, and determine the east shadow length cast by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array based on the fourth target height combined with the array inclination angle and array azimuth angle.

[0171] like Figure 10 As shown, the photovoltaic array 1 generates an east shadow and projects it onto the photovoltaic array 3. The fourth target height = the fourth horizontal distance × tanθ + the slope width D x , taking the fourth target height as h, combined with the array inclination angle and array azimuth angle, and substituted into formula (6) for calculation, the obtained east shadow length is the east shadow length produced by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array.

[0172] In actual residential scenarios, shadows cast by PV arrays on different rooftops can affect each other. Therefore, when laying out PV panels, the house is usually divided into main rooms and auxiliary rooms. In practice, the house with the largest roof area is usually considered the main room, and the rest of the house is considered auxiliary rooms. Generally, the priority for PV panel placement is main rooms > auxiliary rooms.

[0173] As an optional embodiment of this embodiment, this optional embodiment is further optimized to include F1-F3:

[0174] F1. When the house where the obstacle and the photovoltaic array are located is the main house, determine the auxiliary room corresponding to the main house, and determine the main room height of the main house and the auxiliary room height of the formula.

[0175] In this embodiment, the main room height is the main room's building height, and the auxiliary room height is the auxiliary room's building height. The heights are determined after the building is completed. Therefore, both the main room height and the auxiliary room height can be predetermined, either manually input or by pre-storing the numbers or identifiers of different buildings, and then determining the main room height and auxiliary room height by querying.

[0176] F2. Determine a first height difference between the main room height and the auxiliary room height. When the first height difference is greater than 0, determine a first north shadow length and a second north shadow length based on the first height difference and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array of the main room.

[0177] In this embodiment, the first north shadow length is the north shadow length of the main room's north parapet against the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room; the second north shadow length is the north shadow length of the main room's photovoltaic array against the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room.

[0178] Calculate the height difference between the main building and the auxiliary rooms, using this as the first height difference. If the first height difference is less than 0, the main building is lower than the auxiliary rooms and casts no shadows on them. If the first height difference is greater than 0, the main building is higher than the auxiliary rooms and casts shadows on them. Based on the first height difference and the azimuth of the main building's PV array, calculate the first and second north shadow lengths cast by the north parapet and PV array on the auxiliary rooms.

[0179] F3. Compare the first north shadow length and the second north shadow length, and determine the north shadow length corresponding to the maximum value as the shadow length of the auxiliary room.

[0180] The shadow of the main building on the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary building is caused by the parapet of the main building or the photovoltaic array of the main building. Therefore, the maximum value of the two shadow lengths is taken, and the first north side shadow length or the second north side shadow length corresponding to the maximum value is used as the shadow length of the auxiliary building.

[0181] As an optional embodiment of this embodiment, this optional embodiment further optimizes the first north shadow length and the second north shadow length to F21-F24 according to the first height difference and the array azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room:

[0182] F21. Determine the fifth target height based on the vertical relative height between the north parapet of the main house and the lowest point of the photovoltaic array of the main house and the first height difference.

[0183] F22. Determine the length of the first north shadow cast by the north parapet of the main building on the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary building based on the fifth target height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array of the main building.

[0184] For example, Figure 12a A schematic diagram of a roof top view of a main room and auxiliary rooms is provided. The number of auxiliary rooms can be one or more. Figure 12b A schematic diagram of the shadow caused by the north parapet of the main house is provided. Assume that the height difference between the main house and the auxiliary room is H (main house height - auxiliary room height), and the vertical relative height of the north parapet of the main house relative to the lowest point of the main house photovoltaic array is h. z The distance between the main house photovoltaic array and the outer side of the main house north parapet is X1 (with the main house north parapet as the origin), and the slope length of the main house photovoltaic array is L PV , the array inclination angle is θ.

[0185] Determine the vertical relative height h between the north parapet of the main house and the lowest point of the photovoltaic array of the main house z , h zThe sum of the height difference H and the first height difference is used as the fifth target height. The fifth target height is used as h. Combined with the array azimuth of the main room's PV array, this is substituted into formula (1). The resulting north shadow length is the first north shadow length cast by the main room's north parapet on the auxiliary room's PV array. When calculating the vertical relative height between the parapet and the lowest point of the PV array, the highest point of the parapet is selected for calculation, that is, the vertical relative height between the highest point of the parapet and the lowest point of the PV array is calculated.

[0186] F23. Determine the sixth target height based on the highest point on the north side of the photovoltaic array of the main house and the first height difference.

[0187] F24. Determine the second north shadow length of the photovoltaic array of the main house cast on the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary house based on the sixth target height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array of the main house.

[0188] For example, Figure 12c A schematic diagram of the shadow produced by the photovoltaic array of the main house is provided. Assume that the height difference between the main house and the auxiliary room is H (main house height - auxiliary room height), and the inclined length of the photovoltaic array of the main house is L. PV , the array inclination angle is θ.

[0189] Calculate the height of the highest point on the north side of the photovoltaic array of the main house, that is, L PV sinθ, and the sum of it and the first height difference H is taken as the sixth target height L PV ·sinθ+H, substituting the sixth target height as h into formula (1), the obtained north shadow length is the second north shadow length produced by the photovoltaic array of the main building on the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary building.

[0190] When the main room casts a shadow on the auxiliary room, the auxiliary room array moves to the north.

[0191] As an optional embodiment of this embodiment, this optional embodiment is further optimized to further include the following steps G1-G3:

[0192] G1. When the house where the obstacle and the photovoltaic array are located is a supporting room, determine the main room corresponding to the supporting room, and determine the main room height of the main room and the supporting room height of the formula.

[0193] G2. When the height of the main building is less than that of the auxiliary room, determine the first equivalent height of the north parapet of the auxiliary room and the extension line of the photovoltaic array of the main building.

[0194] When the main room height is greater than or equal to the auxiliary room height, the auxiliary room is lower than the main room and there is no shadow on the main room. When the main room height is less than the auxiliary room height, the main room is lower than the auxiliary room and there is a shadow on the main room. The auxiliary room parapet can be regarded as an obstacle. The position relationship between it and the photovoltaic array of the main room is as follows: Figure 5aAs shown, the intersection point of the north parapet of the auxiliary room and the extension line of the photovoltaic array of the main room is determined, and the relative height difference between the north parapet of the auxiliary room and this intersection point is calculated as the first equivalent height.

[0195] G3. Determine the north shadow length, west shadow length, and east shadow length of the north parapet of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room based on the first equivalent height and the array azimuth and array inclination of the auxiliary room.

[0196] Taking the first equivalent height as h, combined with the array azimuth and array inclination of the auxiliary room’s photovoltaic array, and respectively substituting them into formulas (2), (5), and (6), the north shadow length, west shadow length, and east shadow length cast by the north parapet of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room are calculated.

[0197] After calculating the shadow length of the north parapet of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room, the photovoltaic array of the main room is deleted.

[0198] For example, Figure 13a A schematic diagram of the shadow produced by the north parapet of the auxiliary room is provided. With the lower left point of the auxiliary room as the origin, the length of the roof as the X axis, and the width of the roof as the Y axis, a plane rectangular coordinate system is established. Assume that the height difference between the main room and the auxiliary room is H (main room height - auxiliary room height), and the vertical relative height of the north parapet of the auxiliary room relative to the lowest point of the auxiliary room photovoltaic array is h p The distance between the auxiliary room photovoltaic array and the outer side of the auxiliary room parapet is X1, the distance between the outer side of the auxiliary room parapet and the main room photovoltaic array is X2, the length of the auxiliary room parapet is m1, and the inclined length of the auxiliary room photovoltaic array is L PV , the array length is m2, the array inclination angle is θ. The distance between the west side of the auxiliary room photovoltaic array and the west side of the auxiliary room parapet is k.

[0199] As an optional embodiment of this embodiment, this optional embodiment is further optimized to further include the following steps H1-H3:

[0200] H1. Determine the second equivalent height of the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room and the photovoltaic array of the main room.

[0201] Calculate the vertical height difference between the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room and the photovoltaic array of the main room, and use this height difference as the second equivalent height. The height difference can be the height difference between the lowest point of the photovoltaic array on the auxiliary room and the lowest point of the photovoltaic array on the main room.

[0202] H2. Determine the length of the north shadow cast by the north photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room based on the second equivalent height and the array azimuth and array inclination of the auxiliary room's photovoltaic array.

[0203] The second equivalent height is taken as h, combined with the array azimuth and array inclination of the auxiliary room’s photovoltaic array, and substituted into formula (2) to calculate the north shadow length cast by the auxiliary room’s north photovoltaic array on the main room’s photovoltaic array.

[0204] H3. When the length of the north shadow cast by the north photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room is greater than the length of the north shadow cast by the north parapet of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room, it is determined that the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room casts a shadow on the photovoltaic array of the main room.

[0205] Determine whether the length of the north shadow cast by the auxiliary room's north PV array on the main room's PV array is greater than the length of the north shadow cast by the auxiliary room's north parapet on the main room's PV array. If so, the auxiliary room's PV array is considered to be shadowing the main room's PV array. Move the auxiliary room's PV array southward until it no longer shadows the main room's PV array. If it still shadows the main room's array after the move, reduce the number of rows in the auxiliary room's PV array until it no longer shadows the main room's PV array. Otherwise, the auxiliary room's PV array no longer shadows the main room's array.

[0206] For example, Figure 13b Provide a schematic diagram of the shadow generated by the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room. Assume that the height difference between the main room and the auxiliary room is H (main room height - auxiliary room height), and the inclined length of the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room is L. PV , the array inclination angle is θ.

[0207] The shadow analysis method for photovoltaic modules provided in this embodiment takes the inclination angle of the array into consideration when performing shadow analysis, corrects the plane shadow to the oblique shadow, increases the photovoltaic installation area, and can more accurately calculate the actual shadow length through the array azimuth. By analyzing and calculating the shadows of single arrays, multiple arrays and obstacles in various relative positions, the problem that conventional shadow methods can only project onto one projection surface is solved. The array width affected by the shadows of the east and west parapets is calculated, and the photovoltaic modules that are not blocked at high places are retained, thereby increasing the photovoltaic installed capacity. The inter-array shadow analysis method can calculate the inter-array shadows on different roofs to avoid array shadow occlusion. At the same time, shadow analysis is performed on the two situations of main room to auxiliary room and auxiliary room to main room, providing the optimal processing logic for shadows and layout.

[0208] Example 3

[0209] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module shadow analysis device provided by the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 As shown, the device includes: an information acquisition module 31, an array and angle determination module 32 and a shadow length determination module 33.

[0210] The information acquisition module 31 is used to obtain obstacle information of obstacles and position information of each photovoltaic array;

[0211] An array and angle determination module 32 is configured to determine the blocked photovoltaic array, and the array azimuth and array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array based on the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array;

[0212] The shadow length determining module 33 is configured to determine the shadow length of the obstacle relative to each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays based on the array azimuth and array inclination of each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays in combination with obstacle information.

[0213] An embodiment of the present invention provides a shadow analysis device for a photovoltaic module, which solves the problem of inaccurate analysis results during the shadow analysis process. By analyzing the position information of the obstacle and the photovoltaic array, the blocked photovoltaic array and the array azimuth and array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array are determined, and then the shadow length is determined based on the array azimuth and array inclination combined with the obstacle information. When calculating the shadow length, the influence of the array inclination and array azimuth is considered, and the calculation result is more accurate; the plane shadow is corrected to the inclined plane projected shadow through the array inclination, thereby increasing the photovoltaic paving area; and the accuracy of the actual shadow length calculation is improved through the array azimuth.

[0214] Optionally, the array and angle determination module 32 includes:

[0215] a target shadow length determining unit, configured to determine a target north shadow length of the obstacle according to the obstacle information;

[0216] a horizontal distance determining unit, configured to determine a first horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of each photovoltaic array based on the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array;

[0217] The array determination unit is configured to determine each photovoltaic array having a shadow length on the north side of the target greater than the first horizontal distance as a blocked photovoltaic array.

[0218] Optionally, the shadow length determining module 33 includes:

[0219] a position relationship determining unit, configured to determine, for each blocked photovoltaic array, a position relationship between the obstacle and the blocked photovoltaic array according to the shadow length on the north side of the target, the first horizontal distance, and the width of the obstacle;

[0220] a first target height determining unit, configured to determine a first target height corresponding to each direction according to the positional relationship;

[0221] A shadow length determining unit is configured to determine the shadow length corresponding to each direction according to each of the first target heights, the array azimuth angle, and the array inclination angle of the blocked photovoltaic array.

[0222] Optionally, when the positional relationship is that the north side of the obstacle does not intersect with the blocked photovoltaic array, the first target height determination unit is specifically used to: determine the first intersection of the north side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine the first target height corresponding to the north direction based on the first intersection and the highest point of the obstacle; and use the vertical relative height between the obstacle and the lowest point of the blocked photovoltaic array as the first target height corresponding to the south direction, the east direction and the west direction.

[0223] Optionally, when the positional relationship is that the north side of the obstacle intersects with the blocked photovoltaic array, the first target height determination unit is specifically used to: determine the second intersection of the north side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine the first target height corresponding to the north direction based on the second intersection and the highest point of the obstacle; use the vertical relative height of the obstacle and the lowest point of the blocked photovoltaic array as the first target height corresponding to the south direction; determine the third intersection of the south side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine the first target heights corresponding to the east and west directions based on the third intersection and the highest point of the obstacle.

[0224] Optionally, when the positional relationship is that the obstacle is located within the blocked photovoltaic array, the first target height determination unit is specifically used to: determine the fourth intersection of the north side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine the first target height corresponding to the north direction based on the fourth intersection and the highest point of the obstacle; determine the fifth intersection of the south side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine the first target heights corresponding to the south direction, the east direction and the west direction based on the fifth intersection and the highest point of the obstacle.

[0225] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0226] The parapet information determination module is used to determine the parapet information of the roof where the photovoltaic array is located.

[0227] The parapet shadow determination module is used to determine the shadow length corresponding to the parapet in each direction according to the parapet information combined with the array azimuth and array inclination of the photovoltaic array.

[0228] Optionally, the parapet information includes at least the parapet height, the second horizontal distance between the east parapet and each of the photovoltaic arrays, and the third horizontal distance between the west parapet and each of the photovoltaic arrays;

[0229] Optional, parapet shadow determination module, including:

[0230] a west and east shadow determining unit, configured to determine a west shadow length of the east parapet and an east shadow length of the west parapet according to a height of the parapet and an array azimuth of the photovoltaic array;

[0231] a first shadow width determining unit, configured to determine a shadow width cast by the east parapet on the photovoltaic array according to the parapet height, the array inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, the west shadow length, and the second horizontal distance;

[0232] a second shadow width determining unit, configured to determine a shadow width of the photovoltaic array caused by the west parapet according to the parapet height, the array inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, the east shadow length, and a third horizontal distance;

[0233] a parapet north side shadow determination unit, configured to determine the north side shadow length of the south parapet according to the parapet height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array;

[0234] a shadow reference length determining unit, configured to determine a south shadow reference length of the north parapet according to the parapet height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array;

[0235] The south shadow length determination unit is used to determine the target height difference between the intersection of the slope extension line of the photovoltaic array and the inner side of the parapet and the highest point of the parapet when the obstruction condition is determined to be met based on the south shadow reference length and the first horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of the photovoltaic array, and determine the south shadow length of the north parapet based on the target height difference, the array azimuth angle and the array inclination angle of the photovoltaic array.

[0236] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0237] an array group determining module, configured to determine a photovoltaic array group having inter-array shadows based on position information of each photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array group includes a first photovoltaic array and a second photovoltaic array, and the first photovoltaic array casts a shadow on the second photovoltaic array;

[0238] a shadow direction determining module, configured to determine a fourth horizontal distance between the lowest point of the first photovoltaic array and the lowest point of the second photovoltaic array, and determine the shadow direction according to the position information of the first photovoltaic array and the second photovoltaic array;

[0239] The array shadow length determination module is used to determine the shadow length according to the shadow direction combined with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle.

[0240] Optionally, an array shadow length determination module includes:

[0241] a projection length determining unit, configured to determine the slope length of the first photovoltaic array when the shadow direction is a north shadow, and determine the slope projection length according to the slope length combined with the array inclination angle;

[0242] an array north shadow determination unit, configured to determine a second target height according to the array inclination angle and a fourth horizontal distance, and determine a length of a north shadow cast by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array according to the second target height and the slope projection length in combination with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle;

[0243] an array west shadow determining unit, configured to, when the shadow direction is a west shadow, determine a third target height according to the array inclination angle and a fourth horizontal distance, and determine a length of a west shadow cast by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array according to the third target height in combination with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle;

[0244] an array east shadow determination unit, configured to determine, when the shadow direction is an east shadow, a fourth target height based on the slope width, the array inclination angle, and the fourth horizontal distance of the first photovoltaic array, and determine, based on the fourth target height in combination with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle, the length of the east shadow cast by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array.

[0245] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0246] A first building height determination module is configured to determine, when the building where the obstacle and the photovoltaic array are located is a main building, the auxiliary room corresponding to the main building, and the main room height of the main building and the auxiliary room height of the formula;

[0247] a first and a second shadow length determining module, configured to determine a first height difference between the height of the main room and the height of the auxiliary room, and when the first height difference is greater than 0, determine a first north shadow length and a second north shadow length based on the first height difference and the array azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array of the main room;

[0248] The auxiliary room shadow length determination module is used to compare the first north side shadow length and the second north side shadow length, and determine the first north side shadow length or the second north side shadow length corresponding to the maximum value as the shadow length of the auxiliary room.

[0249] Optionally, the first and second shadow length determination modules include:

[0250] a fifth height determining unit, configured to determine a fifth target height based on a vertical relative height between the north parapet of the main house and the lowest point of the photovoltaic array of the main house and the first height difference;

[0251] a first shadow length determining unit, configured to determine a first north shadow length produced by the north parapet of the main house on the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary house according to the fifth target height and the array azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array of the main house;

[0252] a sixth height determination unit, configured to determine a sixth target height according to the highest point on the north side of the photovoltaic array of the main room and the first height difference;

[0253] The second shadow length determining unit is configured to determine a second north shadow length produced by the photovoltaic array of the main house on the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary house according to the sixth target height and the array azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array of the main house.

[0254] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0255] A second building height determination module is configured to, when the building where the obstacle and the photovoltaic array are located is an auxiliary building, determine a main building corresponding to the auxiliary building, and determine the main building height of the main building and the auxiliary building height of the formula;

[0256] A first equivalent height determination module is configured to determine a first equivalent height between the north parapet of the auxiliary room and the extension line of the photovoltaic array of the main room when the height of the main room is less than the height of the auxiliary room;

[0257] The north parapet shadow determination module is used to determine the north shadow length, west shadow length and east shadow length caused by the north parapet of the auxiliary room to the photovoltaic array of the main room based on the first equivalent height and the array azimuth and array inclination of the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room.

[0258] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0259] A second equivalent height determination module is used to determine a second equivalent height between the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room and the photovoltaic array of the main room;

[0260] an array shadow determination module, configured to determine the length of the north shadow cast by the north photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room according to the second equivalent height in combination with the array azimuth and array inclination of the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room;

[0261] The shading judgment module is used to determine that the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room produces shadow shading on the photovoltaic array of the main room when the length of the north shadow produced by the north photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room is greater than the length of the north shadow produced by the north parapet of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room.

[0262] The photovoltaic module shadow analysis device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can execute the photovoltaic module shadow analysis method provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0263] Example 4

[0264] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 40 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0265] like Figure 15 As shown, the electronic device 40 includes at least one processor 41 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 42, a random access memory (RAM) 43, etc., which is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 41. The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the processor 41 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 42 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 48 into the random access memory (RAM) 43. Various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 40 can also be stored in the RAM 43. The processor 41, ROM 42, and RAM 43 are connected to each other via a bus 44. An input / output (I / O) interface 45 is also connected to the bus 44.

[0266] Multiple components in the electronic device 40 are connected to the I / O interface 45, including an input unit 46, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 47, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 48, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 49, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 49 allows the electronic device 40 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0267] Processor 41 can be any general-purpose and / or specialized processing component with processing and computing capabilities. Examples of processor 41 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any other suitable processor, controller, or microcontroller. Processor 41 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the photovoltaic module shadow analysis method.

[0268] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic assembly shadow analysis method can be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 48. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 40 via ROM 42 and / or communication unit 49. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 43 and executed by processor 41, one or more steps of the photovoltaic assembly shadow analysis method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 41 can be configured to execute the photovoltaic assembly shadow analysis method in any other suitable manner (e.g., via firmware).

[0269] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-chip systems (SOCs), programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpreted on a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0270] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0271] In the context of the present invention, computer-readable storage media can be tangible media that can contain or store a computer program for use with an instruction execution system, device or equipment or used in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. Computer-readable storage media can include but are not limited to electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, computer-readable storage media can be machine-readable signal media. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media can include electrical connections based on one or more lines, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0272] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0273] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0274] A computing system may include clients and servers. The clients and servers are typically remote from each other and typically interact via a communication network. This client-server relationship arises through computer programs running on the respective computers, creating a client-server relationship. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host. This server is a hosting product within the cloud computing service ecosystem that addresses the management difficulties and limited scalability of traditional physical hosting and VPS services.

[0275] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0276] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing shadows of photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: include: Obtain obstacle information of obstacles and location information of each photovoltaic array; Determining a blocked photovoltaic array and an array azimuth and an array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array according to the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array, wherein the blocked photovoltaic array is each photovoltaic array having a target north side shadow length of the obstacle greater than the first horizontal distance; Determine the shadow length of the obstacle relative to each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays based on the array azimuth and array inclination of each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays in combination with the obstacle information; The determining of the shadow length of the obstacle relative to each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays based on the array azimuth and array inclination of each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays in combination with obstacle information includes: For each obscured photovoltaic array, determining a positional relationship between the obstacle and the obscured photovoltaic array based on the target north shadow length of the obstacle, a first horizontal distance, and the width of the obstacle, where the first horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of each photovoltaic array, and the positional relationship is that the north side of the obstacle does not intersect with the obscured photovoltaic array, the north side of the obstacle intersects with the obscured photovoltaic array, or the obstacle is located within the obscured photovoltaic array; Determine a first target height corresponding to each direction according to the positional relationship, where the first target height is the height of a shadow actually produced by the obstacle when projected; The shadow length corresponding to each direction is determined according to each of the first target heights, the array azimuth angle and the array inclination angle of the blocked photovoltaic array.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining of the blocked photovoltaic array according to the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array includes: Determining the target north side shadow length of the obstacle according to the obstacle information; Determining a first horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of each photovoltaic array according to the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array; Each photovoltaic array having a shadow length on the north side of the target greater than the first horizontal distance is determined as a blocked photovoltaic array.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the positional relationship is that the north side of the obstacle does not intersect the blocked photovoltaic array, determining the first target height corresponding to each direction according to the positional relationship includes: Determine a first intersection point between the north side of the obstacle and an extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine a first target height corresponding to the north direction based on the first intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle; The vertical relative heights between the obstacle and the lowest point of the blocked photovoltaic array are used as first target heights corresponding to the south, east, and west directions.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein When the positional relationship is that the north side of the obstacle intersects the blocked photovoltaic array, determining the first target height corresponding to each direction according to the positional relationship includes: Determine a second intersection point between the north side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine a first target height corresponding to the north direction based on the second intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle; Taking the vertical relative height between the obstacle and the lowest point of the blocked photovoltaic array as the first target height corresponding to the south direction; A third intersection point between the south side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array is determined, and first target heights corresponding to the east and west directions are determined based on the third intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the positional relationship is that the obstacle is located within the blocked photovoltaic array, determining the first target height corresponding to each direction according to the positional relationship includes: Determine a fourth intersection point between the north side of the obstacle and an extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine a first target height corresponding to the north direction based on the fourth intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle; Determine a fifth intersection point between the south side of the obstacle and the extension line of the blocked photovoltaic array, and determine first target heights corresponding to the south, east, and west directions based on the fifth intersection point and the highest point of the obstacle.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Determine the parapet information of the roof where the photovoltaic array is located; The shadow length corresponding to the parapet in each direction is determined according to the parapet information in combination with the array azimuth and array inclination of the photovoltaic array.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The parapet information includes at least the parapet height, the second horizontal distance between the east parapet and each photovoltaic array, and the third horizontal distance between the west parapet and each photovoltaic array; Accordingly, determining the shadow length corresponding to the parapet in each direction according to the parapet information in combination with the array azimuth and array inclination of the photovoltaic array includes: Determining the west shadow length of the east parapet and the east shadow length of the west parapet according to the parapet height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array; Determine the width of the shadow cast by the east parapet on the photovoltaic array according to the parapet height, the array inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, the west shadow length and the second horizontal distance; Determine the width of the shadow cast by the west parapet on the photovoltaic array according to the parapet height, the array inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, the east shadow length, and the third horizontal distance; Determine the north side shadow length of the south parapet according to the parapet height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array; Determine the south side shadow reference length of the north parapet according to the parapet height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array; When the obstruction condition is determined to be met based on the south shadow reference length and the first horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of the photovoltaic array, the target height difference between the intersection of the slope extension line of the photovoltaic array and the inner side of the parapet and the highest point of the parapet is determined, and the south shadow length of the north parapet is determined based on the target height difference, the array azimuth angle and the array inclination angle of the photovoltaic array.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Determining a photovoltaic array group with inter-array shadows according to position information of each photovoltaic array, the photovoltaic array group including a first photovoltaic array and a second photovoltaic array, the first photovoltaic array casting a shadow on the second photovoltaic array; determining a fourth horizontal distance between the lowest point of the first photovoltaic array and the lowest point of the second photovoltaic array, and determining a shadow direction according to position information of the first photovoltaic array and the second photovoltaic array; The shadow length is determined according to the shadow direction in combination with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Determining the shadow length according to the shadow direction in combination with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle includes: When the shadow direction is a north shadow, determining the slope length of the first photovoltaic array, and determining the slope projection length according to the slope length and the array inclination angle; determining a second target height according to the array inclination angle and the fourth horizontal distance, and determining a north shadow length produced by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array according to the second target height and the slope projection length in combination with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle; When the shadow direction is a west shadow, determining a third target height according to the array inclination angle and the fourth horizontal distance, and determining a west shadow length cast by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array according to the third target height in combination with the array inclination angle and the array azimuth angle; When the shadow direction is an east shadow, a fourth target height is determined according to the slope width, array inclination angle and fourth horizontal distance of the first photovoltaic array, and a length of the east shadow produced by the first photovoltaic array on the second photovoltaic array is determined according to the fourth target height in combination with the array inclination angle and array azimuth angle.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: When the house where the obstacle and the photovoltaic array are located is a main house, determining the auxiliary room corresponding to the main house, and determining the main room height of the main house and the auxiliary room height of the auxiliary room; Determining a first height difference between the main room height and the auxiliary room height, and when the first height difference is greater than 0, determining a first north shadow length and a second north shadow length according to the first height difference and an array azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array of the main room; The first north side shadow length and the second north side shadow length are compared, and the first north side shadow length or the second north side shadow length corresponding to the maximum value is determined as the shadow length of the auxiliary room.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that Determining a first north shadow length and a second north shadow length according to the first height difference and the array azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room includes: Determining a fifth target height based on the vertical relative height between the north parapet of the main house and the lowest point of the photovoltaic array of the main house in combination with the first height difference; Determine, according to the fifth target height and the array azimuth of the photovoltaic array of the main house, a first north shadow length produced by the north parapet of the main house on the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary house; determining a sixth target height based on the highest point on the north side of the photovoltaic array of the main house and the first height difference; The second north shadow length produced by the photovoltaic array of the main house on the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary house is determined according to the sixth target height and the array azimuth angle of the photovoltaic array of the main house.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: When the house where the obstacle and the photovoltaic array are located is an auxiliary room, determining a main room corresponding to the auxiliary room, and determining the main room height of the main room and the auxiliary room height of the auxiliary room; When the height of the main building is less than the height of the auxiliary room, determining a first equivalent height between the north parapet of the auxiliary room and the extension line of the photovoltaic array of the main building; The north shadow length, west shadow length and east shadow length of the photovoltaic array of the main room caused by the north parapet of the auxiliary room are determined according to the first equivalent height combined with the array azimuth and array inclination of the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that Also includes: Determining a second equivalent height of the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room and the photovoltaic array of the main room; Determine the length of the north shadow cast by the north photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room according to the second equivalent height in combination with the array azimuth and array inclination of the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room; When the length of the north shadow cast by the north photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room is greater than the length of the north shadow cast by the north parapet of the auxiliary room on the photovoltaic array of the main room, it is determined that the photovoltaic array of the auxiliary room casts a shadow on the photovoltaic array of the main room.

14. A photovoltaic module shadow analysis device, characterized in that: include: An information acquisition module is used to obtain obstacle information of obstacles and location information of each photovoltaic array; an array and angle determination module, configured to determine, based on the obstacle information and the position information of each photovoltaic array, a blocked photovoltaic array and an array azimuth and array inclination of the blocked photovoltaic array, wherein the blocked photovoltaic array is each photovoltaic array having a target north side shadow length of the obstacle greater than a first horizontal distance; a shadow length determination module, configured to determine the shadow length of the obstacle relative to each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays based on the array azimuth and array inclination of each of the blocked photovoltaic arrays in combination with obstacle information; The shadow length determination module includes: a position relationship determining unit, configured to determine, for each obstructed photovoltaic array, a positional relationship between the obstacle and the obstructed photovoltaic array based on a target north shadow length of the obstacle, a first horizontal distance, and a width of the obstacle, wherein the first horizontal distance is the horizontal distance between the south side of the obstacle and the south side of each photovoltaic array, and the positional relationship is that the north side of the obstacle does not intersect with the obstructed photovoltaic array, the north side of the obstacle intersects with the obstructed photovoltaic array, or the obstacle is located within the obstructed photovoltaic array; A first target height determining unit is configured to determine a first target height corresponding to each direction according to the positional relationship, wherein the first target height is a height of a shadow actually generated by the obstacle when projected; A shadow length determining unit is configured to determine the shadow length corresponding to each direction according to each of the first target heights, the array azimuth angle, and the array inclination angle of the blocked photovoltaic array.

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