Engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection equipment and detection method

Abstract

The application provides an engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection equipment and detection method, and belongs to the connecting rod special-shaped hole measurement field, which comprises a fixing seat, a lifting platform, a linear driving device, a rotary driving device, a sensor for measuring the special-shaped hole diameter, a fixing installation component for fixing the engine connecting rod and a controller; the linear driving device is fixedly connected to the fixing seat, the lifting platform is slidingly connected to the fixing seat, and the output end of the linear driving device is fixedly connected to the lifting platform; the rotary driving device is fixedly connected to the lifting platform; the sensor is arranged in the special-shaped hole, and the sensor is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary driving device. The linear driving device and the rotary driving device are arranged to drive the sensor to move up and down or rotate, so that the automatic measurement of the special-shaped hole is realized, and the operation is convenient and efficient; the first probe is externally provided with a retreat thimble and a holding brake, retreat and fixation of the first probe are realized, and one-side static measurement is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of connecting rod special-shaped hole measurement, and particularly relates to an engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The engine connecting rod is an important part of the engine, which includes a small head end and a big head end, and the small head end and the big head end are respectively provided with an oval special-shaped through hole, namely a small head special-shaped hole and a big head special-shaped hole, and the detection of the small head special-shaped hole and the big head special-shaped hole is undoubtedly a key point.

[0003] The prior art uses a plug gauge to detect the hole diameter, but cannot correspond to the specific angle of the hole diameter, and the plug gauge needs a lever device and a micrometer to measure, and the structure is complex. When the difference between the long axis and the short axis exceeds a certain value, the plug gauge measurement is linear, and the measurement error is large.

[0004] The conventional technology uses an inside diameter micrometer to measure the small head oval diameter, and the measurement position cannot be guaranteed to be in the diameter direction, and there is a measurement position deviation, resulting in a measured chord length, and the measurement error is large. When the difference between the long axis and the short axis exceeds a certain value, the inside diameter micrometer measurement is linear, and the measurement error is large. The conventional technology uses a cylindricity instrument to measure the small head hole oval, and the cylindricity instrument cannot measure the long axis diameter, the short axis diameter and the angle diameter of the small head oval hole. The conventional technology uses a profile instrument to measure the small head oval hole generatrix, and cannot calculate the generatrix equation and the profile of the generatrix and the theoretical generatrix equation. The conventional technology needs to use different measuring tools for separate measurement of the small head oval hole diameter and the generatrix profile, and cannot realize single tool measurement. The conventional technology cannot measure the angle of the long axis and the short axis of the small head oval hole. The conventional technology uses a three-coordinate to measure the small head hole oval long axis, the short axis and the small head hole generatrix profile, but cannot calculate the small head hole generatrix equation and the profile of the generatrix and the theoretical generatrix equation. Moreover, the three-coordinate inspection is time-consuming and expensive, and is not suitable for large batch inspection.

[0005] A kind of pipe fitting ovality and thickness synchronous detection device and method are provided in Chinese patent with publication number CN113028994A, device includes: measurement rack, rolling device, outer diameter measuring device and inner diameter measuring device, rolling device is installed on measurement rack, outer diameter measuring device includes at least two axial sensor probe inner diameter measuring device includes at least two radial sensor probe, when measuring, at least two axial sensor probe is automatically moved from initial position to the to-be-measured position above the two end heads of the pipe to be measured, at least two radial sensor probe is automatically moved from initial position to the to-be-measured position of the inner wall of the two end heads of the pipe to be measured, the real-time distance information of the corresponding position of the pipe is measured by at least two axial sensor probe and at least two radial sensor probe, and the inner and outer diameters, thickness tolerance and ovality of the two end heads of the pipe are obtained by calculation and analysis.

[0006] Although the technical solution of patent 1 can measure the ovality to a certain extent, it needs more sensors to measure a lot of data to analyze the ovality, which is relatively cumbersome to use and is not suitable for detecting the special-shaped hole of the engine connecting rod.

[0007] Chinese patent with publication number CN211291295U provides a detection tool for detecting a special-shaped hole, which includes a reference platform, a detection pin including quantitative detection sections and qualitative detection sections at both ends, the quantitative detection sections and the qualitative detection sections are selectively installed on the reference platform, the quantitative detection sections are adapted to be rotatably matched with the reference platform, and the free end of the quantitative detection sections is adapted to draw a circle around the center of the special-shaped hole, the cross-sectional shape of the free end of the qualitative detection sections is adapted to be configured to be the same as the shape of the special-shaped hole, and the qualitative detection sections are adapted to extend into the special-shaped hole.

[0008] The patent needs the cross-sectional shape of the free end of the qualitative detection sections to be adapted to be configured to be the same as the shape of the special-shaped hole, which has a smaller range of application for the measured parts, and is not suitable for detecting complex special-shaped holes.

[0009] Therefore, the prior art needs to be further developed and improved. SUMMARY

[0010] In view of the various deficiencies of the prior art, in order to solve the above problems, an engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection device and detection method are proposed. The present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] An engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection device, comprising a fixed seat, a lifting platform, a linear driving device, a rotary driving device, a sensor for measuring the diameter of the special-shaped hole, a fixed mounting assembly for fixing the engine connecting rod, and a controller for connecting and controlling the linear driving device, the rotary driving device and the sensor;

[0012] The linear driving device is fixedly connected to the fixed seat, the lifting platform is slidingly connected to the fixed seat, and the output end of the linear driving device is fixedly connected to the lifting platform;

[0013] The rotary driving device is fixedly connected to the lifting platform;

[0014] The sensor is arranged in the special-shaped hole, and the sensor is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary driving device.

[0015] Preferably, the sensor comprises a first probe and a second probe slidingly connected to each other, and a compression spring is connected between the first probe and the second probe.

[0016] Preferably, a clutch is arranged outside the first probe or the second probe, and the clutch is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary driving device.

[0017] Preferably, a pinhole is arranged on the first probe or the second probe, and a retraction pin is arranged outside the pinhole in a matched mode, and the retraction pin is movably connected to the output shaft of the rotary driving device.

[0018] Preferably, a working platform for fixedly mounting an engine connecting rod is fixedly connected to the fixed seat, and the fixed mounting assembly comprises a spherical positioning convex, a pressing device for clamping the engine connecting rod in cooperation with the working platform, a first positioning pin shaft penetrating through a small head special-shaped hole of the engine connecting rod, and a second positioning pin shaft penetrating through a big head special-shaped hole of the engine connecting rod.

[0019] Preferably, the first positioning pin shaft is coaxially connected to the output end of the rotary driving device.

[0020] Preferably, a containing groove for containing a sensor is arranged on the first positioning pin shaft or the second positioning pin shaft.

[0021] Preferably, the sensor is a laser sensor or a grating ruler.

[0022] Preferably, the linear driving device is one of a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a lead screw and a linear motor.

[0023] Preferably, the rotary driving device is one of a rotary pneumatic cylinder, a servo motor and a direct drive motor.

[0024] The application further provides an engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection method, which uses the engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection device to detect an engine connecting rod, one side of the engine connecting rod is a small head, and the small head is provided with a small head hole.

[0025] The detection process specifically comprises the following steps.

[0026] Step one: fixing the engine connecting rod on the fixed mounting assembly.

[0027] Step two: pressing the engine connecting rod.

[0028] Step three: moving the lifting platform to make the sensor be located at a central position inside the small head hole, the first probe of the sensor movably abuts against the inner wall of the small head hole, the rotary driving device drives the sensor to rotate, and the sensor detects the inner wall profile of the small head hole.

[0029] Step four: the lifting platform moves, so that the sensor is located above the small head hole, the first probe and the second probe of the sensor are fixed, the rotating driving device is rotated, the sensor detects and calculates the generatrix profile and profile equation of the small head hole.

[0030] Preferably, in step three, the sensor detects at least the long axis diameter, the short axis diameter, the long axis angle offset, the short axis angle offset and the profile of the small head hole.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0032] The present application provides an engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection device, which realizes automatic measurement of the special-shaped hole through the linear driving device and the rotating driving device to drive the sensor to move up and down or rotate, is convenient and efficient; the first probe and the second probe of the sensor are moved by the compression spring, so that the first probe and the second probe are automatically attached to the inner wall of the special-shaped hole, the positioning error is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved; the first probe is provided with a retreat pin and a clutch, so that the first probe is retreated and fixed, and then the first probe is in a static state, single-sided static measurement is realized, and operability is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection device in the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the sensor in the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is the local enlarged view of A in the figure;

[0036] Reference signs:

[0037] 1-fixed seat; 2-linear driving device; 3-lifting platform; 4-rotating driving device; 5-working platform;

[0038] 6-fixed installation assembly; 61-first positioning pin shaft; 62-second positioning pin shaft; 63-pressing device;

[0039] 64-spherical positioning convex; 7-sensor; 71-first probe; 72-second probe; 73-compression spring;

[0040] 74-pin hole; 8-retreat pin; 9-clutch; 10-controller; 11-engine connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose and technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] As shown in Figures 1-3 An engine connecting rod small head special-shaped hole detection device, comprising a fixed seat 1, a lifting platform 3, a linear driving device 2, a rotary driving device 4, a sensor 7 for measuring the diameter of the special-shaped hole, a fixed mounting assembly 6 for fixing the engine connecting rod 11, and a controller 10 for connecting and controlling the linear driving device 2, the rotary driving device 4 and the sensor 7; the linear driving device 2 is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 1, the lifting platform 3 is slidingly connected to the fixed seat 1, and the output end of the linear driving device 2 is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 3; the rotary driving device 4 is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 3.

[0045] The sensor 7 is arranged in the special-shaped hole, and the sensor 7 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary driving device 4.

[0046] By arranging the linear driving device 2 and the rotary driving device 4 to drive the sensor 7 to move up and down or rotate, automatic measurement of the special-shaped hole is realized, which is convenient and efficient.

[0047] The fixed seat 1 is fixedly connected with a work platform 5 for fixedly mounting the engine connecting rod 11, and the fixed mounting assembly 6 comprises a spherical positioning convex 64, a pressing device 63 for clamping the engine connecting rod 11 in cooperation with the work platform 5, a first positioning pin shaft 61 passing through the small head special-shaped hole of the engine connecting rod 11, and a second positioning pin shaft 62 passing through the large head special-shaped hole of the engine connecting rod 11.

[0048] The pressing device 63 is a pneumatic swing arm cylinder, which comprises a cylinder body and a swing arm in transmission connection, and the swing arm is provided with a spherical positioning convex 64 at the lower end; the work platform 5 is provided with a plurality of spherical positioning convexes 64 corresponding to the two ends of the engine connecting rod to clamp the engine connecting rod 11, thereby improving the stability of the special-shaped hole detection process and further improving the accuracy of the final detection result.

[0049] The engine connecting rod 11 is placed horizontally on the working platform 5, so that the axis of the small-end irregular hole remains vertical. The lifting platform 3 and the fixed seat 1 achieve relative sliding in the vertical direction through the vertical slide groove and slide rail, while the linear drive output end moves in the vertical direction.

[0050] The sensor 7 includes a first probe 71 and a second probe 72 that are slidably connected to each other, and a compression spring 73 is connected between the first probe 71 and the second probe 72. One end of the second probe 72 is fixedly connected to a bushing, which is sleeved outside the first probe 71, and the first probe 71 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the bushing.

[0051] A brake 9 is provided on the outer side of the first probe 71, and the brake 9 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive device 4. A receiving groove for accommodating the sensor 7 is provided on the first positioning pin 61, and the output shaft of the rotary drive device 4 is fixed by the receiving groove.

[0052] The sensor 7 is a grating ruler; the first probe 71 and the second probe 72 are cylindrical and coaxially arranged; the minimum length of the sensor 7 is less than the minimum inner diameter of the small-head irregular hole, and the maximum length of the sensor 7 is greater than the maximum inner diameter of the small-head irregular hole, so as to ensure that the sensor 7 is always kept within a suitable measuring range.

[0053] The first probe 71 is provided with a pin hole 74, and a retracting pin 8 is fitted outside the pin hole. The retracting pin 8 is movably connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive device 4. The first positioning pin 61 is coaxially connected to the output end of the rotary drive device 4. The linear drive device 2 is one of a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a lead screw, or a linear motor. The rotary drive device 4 is one of a rotary cylinder, a servo motor, or a direct drive motor.

[0054] In use, the air pump controls the retraction pin 8 to rise and fall, thereby controlling the first probe 71 to retract until it separates from the small-head irregular hole. The brake 9 locks the first probe 71 to a stationary state, and the linear drive 2 drives it up and down while the rotary drive 4 remains stationary, achieving vertical static measurement. Correspondingly, after closing the brake 9 and retracting the retraction pin 8, the first probe 71 can dynamically extend and retract, achieving dynamic measurement. When the first and second probes 71 are coaxially and horizontally against the inner wall of the irregular hole, the inner diameter of the irregular hole can be measured. When the first probe 71 is retracted, only the second probe 72 is against the inner wall of the irregular hole. The rotary drive 4 and linear drive 2 control the movement of the second probe 72 to obtain multiple data points. By fitting and analyzing the obtained data, the contour data of the irregular hole can be obtained.

[0055] The specific testing process is as follows:

[0056] The engine connecting rod 11 is placed on the detection station, the connecting rod small head special-shaped hole and the connecting rod big head special-shaped hole pass through the first positioning pin shaft 61 and the second positioning pin shaft 62 respectively, the lower end surface of the connecting rod is in contact with the spherical positioning convex 64 on the working platform 5, and one-face two-pin positioning is realized;

[0057] The engine connecting rod 11 is pressed, the start button is pressed down, the electromagnetic valve supplies air to start the air pressure angle steel in the pressing device 63, the air pressure angle cylinder presses the upper end surface of the big head hole of the engine connecting rod, and the engine connecting rod 11 is further pressed;

[0058] The radial ellipse of the small head special-shaped hole of the connecting rod is detected, the retreat pin 8 is in the retreat state, the brake 9 is in the loose state, the first measuring head 71 of the grating ruler is in the retractable state, the linear driving device 2 moves to make the grating ruler be in the middle position of the thickness of the small head hole, the rotary driving device 4 rotates at the specified speed and rotates by 180°, in the rotating process of the rotary driving device 4, the grating ruler reading and the angle of the rotary driving device 4 are read, the grating ruler reading and the angle of the rotary driving device 4 correspond to each other, the ellipse contour is calculated, and the long axis diameter, the short axis diameter, the long axis angle offset, the short axis angle offset and the contour of the ellipse in the small head special-shaped hole of the connecting rod are detected. The maximum value of the grating ruler is the long axis diameter, the minimum value is the short axis diameter, the corresponding angle difference value is the angle offset value, and the maximum value of the corresponding angle diameter and the corresponding angle diameter of the labeled ellipse is the contour.

[0059] The contour of the profile is detected, the retreat pin 8 moves, the first measuring head 71 of the grating ruler is retreated to the gap cooperation on the surface of the small head special-shaped hole of the connecting rod, and the brake works to lock the first measuring head 71 of the grating ruler to the static state. The linear driving device 2 moves to make the grating ruler be in the upper end position of the thickness of the small head hole, and the rotary driving device 4 rotates at the specified speed to the position of 90° of the second measuring head 72 of the grating ruler. The linear driving device 2 moves downward at the specified speed, reads the linear motor coordinates and the grating ruler reading in the moving process, and the linear driving device 2 coordinates and the grating ruler reading correspond to each other, the bus contour and the contour equation of the small head special-shaped hole are calculated and fitted, the bus contour of the ellipse in the small head special-shaped hole of the connecting rod is calculated by comparing with the bus theoretical equation of the small head special-shaped hole.

[0060] The test results are judged, and whether the short axis diameter of the ellipse, the long axis diameter of the ellipse, the difference between the long axis and the short axis diameter of the ellipse, the long axis angle offset of the ellipse, the short axis angle offset of the ellipse, the contour of the ellipse, and the contour of the bus of the ellipse are qualified is judged. After the judgment, the swing angle cylinder is sent open. If the judgment result is qualified, the industrial computer interface displays qualified and green mark; if the judgment result is unqualified, the industrial computer interface displays unqualified and red mark and sends out an alarm sound.

[0061] Through the technical scheme, the measurement accuracy and rate of the small head special-shaped hole can be effectively improved, the measurement of the big head special-shaped hole can also be realized, and the technical scheme is suitable for wide promotion and use.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] The basic scheme is the same as that of Example 1, except that the sensor 7 is a laser sensor, which includes a first laser probe and a second laser probe, which are respectively fixedly connected in the accommodating grooves, and the first laser probe and the second laser probe are arranged horizontally and in parallel.

[0064] The above has been described in detail, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, which cannot limit the scope of the present application, that is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the present application should still fall within the scope of the present application.

[0065] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, which is described in detail and in detail, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, and these obvious alternative forms all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for inspecting irregularly shaped holes at the small end of an engine connecting rod, characterized in that, It includes a fixed base (1), a lifting platform (3), a linear drive device (2), a rotary drive device (4), a sensor (7) for measuring the diameter of irregular holes, a fixed mounting assembly (6) for fixing the engine connecting rod (11), and a controller (10) for connecting and controlling the linear drive device (2), the rotary drive device (4) and the sensor (7). The linear drive device (2) is fixedly connected to the fixed base (1), the lifting platform (3) is slidably connected to the fixed base (1), and the output end of the linear drive device (2) is fixedly connected to the lifting platform (3). The rotary drive device (4) is fixedly connected to the lifting platform (3); The sensor (7) is disposed in the irregular hole and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive device (4); The sensor (7) includes a first probe (71) and a second probe (72) that are slidably connected to each other, and a compression spring (73) is connected between the first probe (71) and the second probe (72); A brake (9) is provided on the outside of the first probe (71) or the second probe (72), and the brake (9) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive device (4); The first probe (71) or the second probe (72) is provided with a pin hole (74), and a retracting pin (8) is provided outside the pin hole (74). The retracting pin (8) is movably connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive device (4). By controlling the retraction pin (8) to rise and fall, the first probe (71) is controlled to retract to separate from the small-head irregular hole, and the first probe (71) is locked to a stationary state by the brake (9). The linear drive device (2) is controlled to drive up and down, while the rotary drive device (4) remains stationary, thus realizing vertical static measurement. Correspondingly, after the brake (9) is closed and the retraction pin (8) is retracted, the first probe (71) can dynamically extend and retract, thus realizing dynamic measurement. The first probe (71) or the second probe (72) is cylindrical and is coaxially arranged; the minimum length of the sensor (7) is less than the minimum inner diameter of the small-head irregular hole, and the maximum length of the sensor (7) is greater than the maximum inner diameter of the small-head irregular hole.

2. The engine connecting rod small end irregular hole inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed base (1) is fixedly connected to a working platform (5) for fixing and installing the engine connecting rod (11). The fixing and installation assembly (6) includes a spherical positioning protrusion (64), a clamping device (63) for clamping the engine connecting rod (11) with the working platform (5), a first positioning pin (61) passing through the small end irregular hole of the engine connecting rod (11), and a second positioning pin (62) passing through the large end irregular hole of the engine connecting rod (11).

3. The engine connecting rod small end irregular hole inspection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first positioning pin (61) is coaxially connected to the output end of the rotary drive device (4).

4. The engine connecting rod small end irregular hole inspection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first positioning pin (61) or the second positioning pin (62) is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the sensor (7).

5. The engine connecting rod small end irregular hole inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor (7) is a laser sensor or a grating ruler.

6. A method for detecting irregularly shaped holes at the small end of an engine connecting rod, characterized in that: The engine connecting rod (11) is inspected using the engine connecting rod small end irregular hole inspection device as described in any one of claims 1-5, wherein one side of the engine connecting rod (11) is a small end, and the small end is provided with a small end irregular hole; The testing process specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Fix the engine connecting rod (11) onto the fixed mounting assembly (6); Step 2: Press the engine connecting rod (11); Step 3: The lifting platform (3) moves so that the sensor is located in the center inside the small-headed irregular hole. The first probe (71) of the sensor (7) is movably abutted against the inner wall of the small-headed irregular hole. The rotation drive device (4) drives the sensor (7) to rotate. The sensor (7) detects the inner wall contour of the small-headed irregular hole. Step 4: The lifting platform (3) moves so that the sensor (7) is located in the upper middle position inside the small-headed irregular hole. The first probe (71) and the second probe (72) of the sensor (7) are fixed. The rotation drive device (4) drives the sensor (7) to rotate. The sensor (7) detects and calculates the generatrix profile and profile equation of the small-headed irregular hole. Step 5: Determine the test results and send an alert.

7. The method for detecting irregular holes at the small end of an engine connecting rod as described in claim 6, characterized in that: In step three, the sensor (7) detects at least the major axis diameter, minor axis diameter, major axis angular offset, minor axis angular offset, and contour of the small-head irregular hole.

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