Cable trench fire simulation and cover plate structure stability measurement system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a cable trench fire simulation and cover plate structure stability measurement system and method, which comprises a cable trench body, a cover plate support, a support frame, a cable carrier, a burning device, a water mist device and an air blowing device; the inner cavity size of the cable trench body is adjustable, the cover plate support is used for supporting the cable trench cover plate and installing the aerosol fire extinguisher; the cable carrier comprises cable clamps for clamping cables with different diameters, and the spacing between the cable clamps is adjustable; the burning device is used for igniting the cables on the cable carrier; the water mist device is used for humidity adjustment of the cable trench body; and the air blowing device is used for blowing fresh air into the cable trench body. The application focuses on the cable burning rate and the influence on the cover plate structure when a fire occurs under different environmental factors, different cable arrangement modes and different ventilation conditions in the cable trench, so as to provide a reference for cable trench fire fighting design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable trench fire safety technology, specifically to a cable trench fire simulation and cover plate structure stability measurement system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Cable trenches are an indispensable infrastructure in power supply system construction. With the development of technology, the usage rate of cables and cable trenches is increasing, but the fire safety hazards inherent in cable trenches themselves cannot be ignored. Once a cable trench fire occurs, it can easily cause huge economic losses and even casualties. Furthermore, because cable trenches are mostly enclosed structures, cable trench fires are difficult to detect, control, and recover from, inevitably leading to serious consequences such as equipment damage and personal injury. Therefore, establishing a cable trench fire simulation experimental platform to explore the combustion spread characteristics of cable trench fires and analyze the key influencing parameters affecting their development is crucial for developing targeted fire prevention and extinguishing strategies to minimize the safety hazards of cable trench fires.

[0003] Chinese patent CN110322769A discloses a portable power cable fire simulation test platform. The test platform includes a portable enclosure, a cable, a fire source device, a temperature measuring device, a fire extinguishing device, a gas measuring device, and a smoke and gas purification device. The cable, temperature measuring device, fire source device, fire extinguishing device, and gas measuring device are housed within the portable enclosure. The fire source device is used to apply an ignition source to burn the cable, the temperature measuring device is used to monitor the cable's temperature data, the gas measuring device monitors and acquires the gas composition data of the gas generated during cable combustion, and the smoke and gas purification device is connected to the top of the portable enclosure.

[0004] While this experimental platform can reproduce the development process of cable fires to some extent, it only simulates the most ideal and basic cable fire scenarios. It does not effectively consider the temperature and humidity within the cable trench, the fire performance of the cable trench cover, or the ventilation conditions within the trench. These factors are precisely the key influences on the development of cable trench fires and important indicators reflecting their characteristics. Furthermore, the cable trench cover is a crucial component of the cable trench, and its structural stability is a critical parameter in cable trench fire protection design. Therefore, designing a system and method for simulating cable trench fires and measuring the structural stability of the cover is of significant importance in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a system and method for simulating cable trench fires and measuring the stability of cover plate structures.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0007] A cable trench fire cover structure stability measurement system includes a cable trench body, a cover support, a support frame, a cable carrier, a combustion device, a water mist device, and a blower. The cable trench body includes an inner cavity composed of a bottom plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, and a concrete cover. The width and height of the inner cavity cross-section are adjustable. A linear displacement sensor is connected to the outer side of the concrete cover, strain gauges are installed inside the concrete cover, thermocouples are evenly distributed on the inner side of the concrete cover, and a heating plate is fixed to the inner wall of the rear side plate. The cover support is located within the cable trench body to support the concrete cover, and a movable aerosol fire extinguisher is installed on the cover support. The support frame is located within the cable trench body. Below the cable trench body, there is a support structure for supporting the cable trench body. The cable carrier is located inside the cable trench body and includes a support frame and several longitudinally and transversely arranged cable clamps that can be slidably mounted on the support frame. The cable clamps are used for installing and fixing cables of different diameters. The spacing between two adjacent rows and two adjacent columns of cable clamps is adjustable. A weighing device is fixed on the bottom surface of the support frame. A combustion device is located below the cable carrier for igniting the cable, and its installation position is adjustable. A water mist device is located at both ends of the inner cavity of the cable trench body for controlling the humidity inside the inner cavity of the cable trench body. A blower is connected to one end of the cable trench body for introducing fresh air into the inner cavity of the cable trench body.

[0008] Furthermore, the cable trench body also includes a bottom frame and columns. The bottom frame is welded to the upper surface of the base plate and is composed of two longitudinal slide rails and two transverse slide rails. The longitudinal slide rails and transverse slide rails are respectively provided with longitudinal grooves and transverse grooves along their length direction. The longitudinal grooves and transverse grooves are connected. The lower end of the column is connected to the groove of the bottom frame through a slider. The side of the column is provided with a slot. The front side plate and the rear side plate are inserted into the corresponding pair of columns at both ends. The front side plate and the rear side plate are both assembled from several unit plates with concave and convex structures in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, the cover plate support includes a rectangular top frame and four telescopic legs. The lower ends of the telescopic legs are supported on the bottom plate of the cable trench body, and the rectangular top frame is supported on the lower surface of the concrete cover plate. A transverse slide rail is connected between the telescopic legs at both ends, and a longitudinal slide rail is connected between the two transverse slide rails. A hook is slidably connected on the longitudinal slide rail, and the hook suspends the aerosol fire extinguisher.

[0010] Furthermore, the top surface of the support plate frame is provided with several slide rails along its width direction, and the slide rails are provided with slide grooves with front openings and side openings; the cable clamp includes a cable clamp, a support rod and a locking bolt, the bottom of the cable clamp is connected to the support rod, the lower end of the support rod is provided with a limiting block that cooperates with the slide groove, the limiting block is provided with a through hole, the limiting block of the support rod is located in the slide groove of the horizontal slide rail, and the locking bolt passes through the left and right side openings of the slide groove and the through hole on the limiting block of the support rod to connect the nut.

[0011] Furthermore, the cable clamp includes a lower arc-shaped plate and an upper arc-shaped plate. The lower arc-shaped plate is arranged with its opening facing upward, and its two ends are symmetrically provided with a circumferential arc-shaped groove and an axial arc-shaped groove. The axial arc-shaped groove is connected to the circumferential arc-shaped groove, and a limiting bolt passing through the circumferential arc-shaped groove is connected in the axial arc-shaped groove. The upper arc-shaped plate is arranged with its opening facing downward, and its two ends pass through the circumferential arc-shaped groove of the upper arc-shaped plate and are connected to a limiting block.

[0012] Furthermore, the water mist device includes water mist nozzles, water supply pipes, and a water supply system; the water mist nozzles are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom plate of the cable trench body, the nozzles of the water mist nozzles are angled upwards towards the cable carrier, the bottom of the water mist nozzles is connected to the water supply pipe, one end of the water supply pipe is connected to the water supply system, the water supply system includes a water tank and a water pump, and the water pump outlet is equipped with a flow controller.

[0013] A method for studying the influence of internal temperature and humidity on the cable trench fire cover structure using any of the above-mentioned cable trench fire cover structure stability measurement systems includes the following steps:

[0014] ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity;

[0015] ② Set the temperature and humidity inside the cable trench;

[0016] ③ Begin recording data from the electronic balance, strain gauges, thermocouples, and linear displacement sensors;

[0017] ④ Ignite the cable using a combustion device;

[0018] ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed;

[0019] ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate.

[0020] A method for studying the structural changes of cable trench fire cover plates under different weight loads using any of the above-mentioned cable trench fire cover plate structural stability measurement systems is characterized by including the following steps:

[0021] ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity;

[0022] ② Set the load-bearing capacity of the cable trench cover;

[0023] ③ Begin recording data from the weighing device, strain gauges, thermocouples, and linear displacement sensors;

[0024] ④ Ignite the cable using a combustion device;

[0025] ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed;

[0026] ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate.

[0027] A method for studying the influence of different aerosol extinguishing agent locations on the structure of cable trench fire-prone cover plates using any of the above-mentioned cable trench fire cover plate structure stability measurement systems is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0028] ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity;

[0029] ② Install aerosol fire extinguishers on the cover plate bracket;

[0030] ③ Begin recording data from the weighing device, strain gauges, thermocouples, and linear displacement sensors;

[0031] ④ Ignite the cable using a combustion device;

[0032] ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed;

[0033] ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate.

[0034] A method for studying the structural changes of cable trench fire cover plates under longitudinal ventilation conditions using any of the above-mentioned cable trench fire cover plate structural stability measurement systems is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0035] ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity;

[0036] ② Turn on the blower in the cable trench and set a certain wind speed;

[0037] ③ Begin recording data from the weighing device, strain gauges, thermocouples, and linear displacement sensors;

[0038] ④ Ignite the cable using a combustion device;

[0039] ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed;

[0040] ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0042] 1. This invention can simulate the internal cavity size and cover size of actual cable trenches, and the height is adjustable. Therefore, this invention can simulate fires in cable trenches of different sizes.

[0043] 2. The cable trench cover plate of the present invention is equipped with thermocouples, strain gauges and displacement gauges, which can record the temperature, strain and displacement of different positions of the concrete cover plate during the entire fire process when the cable trench catches fire, providing a basis for subsequent research on the temperature resistance performance and structural stability of the cable trench fire cover plate.

[0044] 3. The cable trench cover of the present invention can withstand different loads, and the burning rate of cables under different load conditions and its impact on the structural stability of the cable trench cover can be studied, providing a reference for the fire protection design of cable trenches.

[0045] 4. The cable carrier of the combustion module of this invention can support cables with different densities. The front and rear positions of the combustion device are adjustable, so cables with different arrangements can be ignited. The ignition position can be flexibly adjusted, and the influence of different cable ignition positions on the cable burning rate and the stability of the cable trench cover structure can be studied, providing a reference for the fire protection design of cable trenches.

[0046] 5. This invention, through the heating plate and water mist device on the rear side plate, can study the cable burning rate and its impact on the structural stability of the cable trench cover under the initial temperature and humidity conditions, providing a reference for the fire protection design of cable trenches.

[0047] 6. This invention simulates the ventilation requirements in cable trenches by using a blower device. By changing the parameter settings of the blower, the burning rate of cables under different ventilation conditions in cable trenches and its impact on the structural stability of cable trench covers can be studied, providing a reference for the fire protection design of cable trenches. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cable trench fire cover plate temperature and structural stability measurement system of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded view of the cable trench body and its support frame.

[0050] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the unit plate assembly structure of the front and rear side panels.

[0051] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cover plate.

[0052] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the displacement gauge.

[0053] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cover plate support.

[0054] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cable carrier.

[0055] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram of the cable clamp.

[0056] Figure 9 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the combustion device.

[0057] Figure 10 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the water mist device.

[0058] Figure 11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the blower unit. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present invention will be further illustrated below with specific examples to facilitate understanding of the invention, but this does not limit the invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] See Figure 1 This embodiment provides a cable trench fire cover plate temperature and structural stability measurement system, which mainly includes a cable trench body 1, a cover plate bracket 2, a support frame 3, a cable carrier 4, a combustion device 5, a water mist device 6, and a blower device 7.

[0062] See Figures 2-4 The cable trench body 1 includes a steel base plate 11, a base frame 12, a column 13, a front side plate 14, a rear side plate 15, and a concrete cover plate 16.

[0063] The base plate 11 is a rectangular plate, and the base frame 12 is a rectangular frame welded to the base plate. It is composed of two longitudinal slide rails and two transverse slide rails. Both the longitudinal and transverse slide rails have grooves along their length, and the longitudinal and transverse grooves are connected.

[0064] There are four columns 13. The lower end is connected to the slide groove of the base frame 12 by a slider, so that the column can move along the longitudinal slide rail and the transverse slide rail. After the front and rear side plates are installed by a pair of columns, the distance between the front and rear side plates can be adjusted, so that the width of the cable trench body can be adjusted. After adjustment, it is locked by set screws.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, both the front side plate 14 and the rear side plate 15 are assembled sequentially from multiple unit plates with concave and convex structures, so that the height of the front and rear side plates can be adjusted by selecting different numbers of unit plates to assemble, thereby realizing the adjustable height of the cable trench body.

[0066] The front side plate 14 and the rear side plate 15 are respectively inserted into the column 13. In specific implementation, slots are set on the column, and the width of the slots is adapted to the thickness of the front and rear side plates. By replacing unit plates of different lengths, the length of the cable trench body can be adjusted.

[0067] To simulate the initial temperature of different experiments, two heating plates 151 of the same specification are fixed at equal intervals on the rear side plate 15 of the cable trench body.

[0068] The front panel 14 is made of fireproof glass to allow staff to monitor the real-time working conditions inside the cable trench.

[0069] The lower surface of the concrete cover plate 16 is inserted into the uppermost unit plate of the front side plate 14 and the rear side plate 15 on both sides. In specific implementation, slots are provided on both sides of the lower surface of the concrete cover plate 16, and the width of the slots is adapted to the thickness of the front and rear side plates.

[0070] Preferably, two grooves are provided on the upper surface of the concrete cover plate 16, and different weights can be placed in the grooves so as to simulate different cover plate loads according to experimental needs.

[0071] See Figure 4 The concrete cover plate 16 can be prepared by adjusting different concrete mix ratios according to experimental requirements. Before preparation and pouring, BX120-3AA strain gauges 161 are laid inside the precast concrete slab. The strain gauges 161 are located around the perimeter and center line of the cover plate to test the strain of the cover plate.

[0072] After the concrete cover plate is prefabricated, K-type armored thermocouples 162 are fixed to its lower surface with fire-resistant adhesive to monitor the real-time temperature of the cover plate during a fire. Several thermocouples 162 are evenly distributed on the concrete cover plate 16. For example, in this embodiment, the thermocouples 162 are distributed in 8 rows and 16 columns.

[0073] See Figure 5 Three LTC-M-0600-S linear displacement gauges 163 are installed at three positions: two ends and the center of the concrete cover plate 16. They are fixed directly above the concrete cover plate 16 by steel pipe support frame 164 and are used to test the displacement of the concrete cover plate.

[0074] like Figure 6 As shown, the cover plate bracket 2 includes a rectangular top frame 21 and a telescopic support leg 22 at its lower corner. The lower end of the telescopic support leg 22 is supported on the bottom plate 11 of the cable trench body, and the rectangular top frame 21 is supported on the lower surface of the concrete cover plate 16.

[0075] The retractable outriggers 22 at both ends are connected by transverse slide rails 23, and a longitudinal slide rail 24 is connected between the two transverse slide rails 23. A hook 25 is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail 24, and the hook 25 suspends the aerosol fire extinguisher 8. The longitudinal slide rail 24 and the transverse slide rail 23 are assembled by a slider groove, allowing the aerosol fire extinguisher 8 to change its longitudinal and transverse positions. In a specific implementation, a transverse groove can be set on the transverse slide rail 23, and transverse sliders can be set at both ends of the transverse slide rail 23, with the transverse sliders slidingly engaging with the transverse groove. A longitudinal groove is set on the longitudinal slide rail 24, and the longitudinal groove slidably connects to the longitudinal slider. The upper end of the hook 25 is fixed to the longitudinal slider.

[0076] The support frame 3 includes a support plate 31 with the same planar dimensions as the base plate 11 of the cable trench body 1, and four support columns 32 connecting the support plate 31. The support frame 3 provides stable support for the cable trench body 1. In specific implementation, the four columns 13 of the cable trench body 1 are inserted into the four support columns 32 of the support frame 3, and the four support columns 32 are made of steel pipes.

[0077] See Figure 7 The cable carrier 4 is installed inside the cable trench body 1 and includes a support plate frame, a horizontal slide rail 44 and a cable clamp 46.

[0078] The support frame includes an upper rectangular plate 41, a lower rectangular plate 42, and several support plates 43 connected between them. Multiple horizontal slide rails 44 are evenly arranged along the width of the upper rectangular plate 41. Each horizontal slide rail 44 has a groove, with openings on its upper and left / right sides. The support plates 43 pass through the bottom plate 11 of the cable trench body 1 and connect to the lower rectangular plate 42. A weighing device 45 is fixed to the bottom surface of the lower rectangular plate 42; in this embodiment, an industrial balance is used as the weighing device. The weighing device 45 is freely supported on the support plate 31 and is used to monitor the amount of cable loss after a fire.

[0079] like Figure 8 As shown, the cable clamp 46 includes a cable clamp, a support rod 47, and a locking bolt 48. The cable clamp includes a lower arc-shaped plate 461 and an upper arc-shaped plate 462. The lower arc-shaped plate 461 has an upward-facing opening and symmetrically arranged circumferential arc-shaped grooves and axial arc-shaped grooves at both ends, with widths adapted to the upper arc-shaped plate 462. The axial arc-shaped grooves communicate with the circumferential arc-shaped grooves, and a limiting bolt 463 passing through the circumferential arc-shaped groove is connected in the axial arc-shaped groove. The upper arc-shaped plate 462 has a downward-facing opening, with its width at the middle position greater than the widths at both ends. Both ends of the upper arc-shaped plate 462 pass through the circumferential arc-shaped grooves of the upper arc-shaped plate 462 and are connected to a limiting block 4621.

[0080] In use, the cable is inserted into the cable clamp from the side, and then the upper arc plate 462 and lower arc plate 461 are pressed and locked together by the limiting bolt 463 and nut. The bottom of the lower arc plate 461 is fixedly connected to the support rod 47, and the lower end of the support rod 47 is provided with a limiting block, which has a through hole. The cable clamp 46 is slidably mounted on the horizontal slide rail 44 via the support rod 47. The limiting block of the support rod 47 is located in the slide groove of the horizontal slide rail 44, and the locking bolt 48 passes through the left and right side openings of the slide groove and the through hole on the limiting block of the support rod 47 to connect with the nut.

[0081] The above-described structure of the cable carrier 4 allows for the installation of a corresponding number of horizontal slide rails based on the length of the cable trench body. Cable clamps can be installed and fixed on each horizontal slide rail according to the number and spacing of cables. The cable clamps are suitable for the installation and fixing of cables of different diameters.

[0082] When the cable carrier 4 is assembled with the cable trench body 1, the weighing device 45 is placed at a designated position on the bottom plate of the cable trench body.

[0083] like Figure 9 As shown, the combustion device 5 includes a support column 51, a burner mounting groove 52, and a burner 53.

[0084] There are two vertically arranged support columns 51. Each support column includes a lower tube and an upper tube that are fitted together. The upper tube is locked by radial bolts after being adjusted to a specified height. The burner mounting slot 52 is connected to the upper end of the two support columns 51. The distance between the two support columns 51 is greater than the width of the support plate frame. The burner 53 is a propane burner, which is placed in the burner mounting slot 52 and its position can be adjusted along the burner mounting slot.

[0085] When installing the combustion device, the lower part of the support column 51 passes through the bottom plate 11 of the cable trench body and is supported on the support plate 31. The inner end of the burner mounting groove 52 passes through the rear side plate 15 of the cable trench body and is connected to the air inlet pipe, which is connected to the gas cylinder.

[0086] like Figure 10 As shown, the water mist device 6 includes water mist nozzles 61, a water supply pipe 62, and a water supply system 63. The water mist nozzles 61 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the base plate 11 of the cable trench body 1. The nozzles of the water mist nozzles 61 face upwards towards the cable carrier 4. The bottom of the water mist nozzles 61 is connected to a water supply branch pipe, which passes through the base plate 11 and connects to the annular water supply pipe 62. One end of the annular water supply pipe 62 is connected to the water supply system 63, which includes a water tank, a water pump, and a flow controller. The water mist device 6 can simulate the humidity inside the cable trench, and the humidity inside the simulated cable trench can be adjusted by controlling the flow rate of the water pump through the flow controller.

[0087] like Figure 11As shown, the blower device 7 includes a blower 71 and a flow equalization box 72 connected to its air outlet. The flow equalization box 72 includes a box body and several rows of flow equalization pipes fixed in its inner cavity. The inner cavity size of the box body is adjustable. The box body is connected to the cable trench body 1, and fresh air is sent into the cable trench body 1 through the flow equalization pipes.

[0088] The overall installation steps for this system are as follows:

[0089] R1: Fix the cables to the limiting bolts of the support plate according to the number, spacing, and height of the cables to be studied. Install an electronic balance under the support plate to monitor the quality changes of the cables in real time;

[0090] R2: Fix a propane burner under the cable as needed. The propane burner is connected to the gas cylinder through the gas inlet pipe and together they are used as the ignition source for the cable.

[0091] R3: Determine the internal dimensions of the cable trench, including its width and height;

[0092] R4: A heating plate is installed on the rear side plate of the cable trench, and a water mist device is installed on the bottom plate. Together, they are used to change the ambient temperature and humidity inside the cable trench.

[0093] R5: Place a concrete cover plate with strain gauges laid on the upper side of the cable trench, and arrange thermocouple measuring points below the concrete cover plate and install a displacement meter above it.

[0094] R6: Depending on the situation to be studied, place several weights on the concrete cover to study the effect of different loads on the cable trench cover.

[0095] R7: Install movable aerosol fire extinguishers on the cover plate bracket to study the response of aerosol fire extinguishers in different positions during cable trench fires.

[0096] R8: Install displacement gauges at three locations—both ends and the center—of the concrete cover plate to measure the deformation of the cable trench top plate.

[0097] R9: Install a blower on one side of the cable trench to study the impact of different longitudinal ventilation conditions on the cable trench roof structure.

[0098] It should be noted that if only a portion of the functionality needs to be studied, all components do not need to be activated; alternatively, the effects of coupling factors on cable trench covers can be investigated. The following are the algorithms for the four main functions; however, the functions can be modified according to actual needs:

[0099] Example 2

[0100] The method for studying the influence of internal temperature and humidity of cable trenches on the structure of cable trench fire cover plates using the cable trench fire cover plate temperature and structural stability measurement system described in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0101] ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity;

[0102] ② Set the temperature and humidity inside the cable trench;

[0103] ③ Begin recording data from the electronic balance, strain gauges, thermocouples, and displacement gauges;

[0104] ④ Ignite the cable using a propane burner;

[0105] ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed;

[0106] ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate to provide a reference for the fire protection design of cable trenches.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] The method for studying the structural changes of cable trench fire cover plates under different weight loads using the temperature and structural stability measurement system of the cable trench fire cover plate described in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0109] ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity;

[0110] ② Set the load-bearing capacity of the cable trench cover;

[0111] ③ Begin recording data from the electronic balance, strain gauges, thermocouples, and displacement gauges;

[0112] ④ Ignite the cable using a propane burner;

[0113] ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed;

[0114] ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate to provide a reference for the fire protection design of cable trenches.

[0115] Example 4

[0116] The method for studying the influence of different aerosol extinguishing agent locations on the structure of cable trench fire cover plates using the cable trench fire cover plate temperature and structural stability measurement system described in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0117] ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity;

[0118] ② Install aerosol fire extinguishers at certain locations on the cover plate bracket;

[0119] ③ Begin recording data from the electronic balance, strain gauges, thermocouples, and displacement gauges;

[0120] ④ Ignite the cable using a propane burner;

[0121] ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed;

[0122] ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate to provide a reference for the fire protection design of cable trenches.

[0123] Example 5

[0124] The method for studying the structural changes of cable trench fire cover plates under longitudinal ventilation conditions using the temperature and structural stability measurement system for cable trench fire covers described in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0125] ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity;

[0126] ② Turn on the blower in the cable trench and set a certain wind speed;

[0127] ③ Begin recording data from the electronic balance, strain gauges, thermocouples, and displacement gauges;

[0128] ④ Ignite the cable using a propane burner;

[0129] ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed;

[0130] ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate to provide a reference for the fire protection design of cable trenches.

[0131] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for simulating cable trench fires and measuring the stability of cover plate structures, characterized in that, Includes the cable trench body, cover plate bracket, support frame, cable carrier, combustion device, water mist device and blower; The cable trench body includes an inner cavity composed of a bottom plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate and a concrete cover plate. The width and height of the inner cavity cross-section are adjustable. A linear displacement sensor is connected to the outer side of the concrete cover plate. Strain gauges are installed in the concrete cover plate. Thermocouples are evenly distributed on the inner side of the concrete cover plate. A heating plate is fixed to the inner wall of the rear side plate. The cover plate bracket is located inside the cable trench body to support the concrete cover plate, and the cover plate bracket is equipped with a movable aerosol fire extinguisher. The support frame is installed below the cable trench body to support the cable trench body; The cable carrier is located in the inner cavity of the cable trench body, including a support plate frame and several longitudinally and transversely arranged cable clamps that can be slidably set on the support plate frame. The cable clamps are used for the installation and fixing of cables of different diameters. The spacing between two adjacent rows and two adjacent columns of cable clamps is adjustable. A weighing device is fixed on the bottom surface of the support plate frame. The combustion device is located below the cable carrier to ignite the cable, and its installation position is adjustable; The water mist device is located at both ends of the inner cavity of the cable trench body to control the humidity inside the cable trench body; The blower is connected to one end of the cable trench body and is used to introduce fresh air into the inner cavity of the cable trench body.

2. The cable trench fire simulation and cover plate structure stability measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable trench body also includes a base frame and columns. The base frame is welded to the upper surface of the base plate and is composed of two longitudinal slide rails and two transverse slide rails. The longitudinal slide rails and transverse slide rails are respectively provided with longitudinal grooves and transverse grooves along their length. The longitudinal grooves and transverse grooves are connected. The lower end of the column is connected to the groove of the base frame through a slider. The side of the column is provided with a slot. The front side plate and the rear side plate are inserted into the corresponding pair of columns at both ends. The front side plate and the rear side plate are both assembled from several unit plates with concave and convex structures.

3. The cable trench fire simulation and cover plate structure stability measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate support includes a rectangular top frame and four telescopic legs. The lower ends of the telescopic legs are supported on the bottom plate of the cable trench body, and the rectangular top frame is supported on the lower surface of the concrete cover plate. The telescopic legs at both ends are connected by transverse slide rails, and a longitudinal slide rail is connected between the two transverse slide rails. Hooks are slidably connected on the longitudinal slide rail, and the hooks suspend aerosol fire extinguishers.

4. The cable trench fire simulation and cover plate structure stability measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the support plate frame is provided with several slide rails along its width direction. The slide rails are provided with grooves with front openings and side openings. The cable clamp includes a cable clamp, a support rod and a locking bolt. The bottom of the cable clamp is connected to the support rod. The lower end of the support rod is provided with a limiting block that cooperates with the slide rail. The limiting block is provided with a through hole. The limiting block of the support rod is located in the slide rail of the horizontal slide rail. The locking bolt passes through the left and right side openings of the slide rail and the through hole on the limiting block of the support rod and is connected to the nut.

5. The cable trench fire simulation and cover plate structure stability measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cable clamp includes a lower arc plate and an upper arc plate. The lower arc plate has an opening facing upwards, and its two ends are symmetrically provided with a circumferential arc groove and an axial arc groove. The axial arc groove is connected to the circumferential arc groove, and a limiting bolt passing through the circumferential arc groove is connected in the axial arc groove. The upper arc plate has an opening facing downwards, and its two ends pass through the circumferential arc groove of the upper arc plate and are connected to a limiting block.

6. The cable trench fire simulation and cover plate structure stability measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water mist device includes water mist nozzles, water supply pipes, and a water supply system. The water mist nozzles are arranged at the four corners of the bottom plate of the cable trench body. The nozzles of the water mist nozzles face upwards towards the cable carrier. The bottom of the water mist nozzles is connected to the water supply pipes, and one end of the water supply pipes is connected to the water supply system. The water supply system includes a water tank and a water pump. A flow controller is provided at the outlet of the water pump.

7. A method for studying the influence of internal temperature and humidity of cable trenches on the cable trench fire cover structure using the cable trench fire simulation and cover structure stability measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity; ② Set the temperature and humidity inside the cable trench; ③ Begin recording data from the electronic balance, strain gauges, thermocouples, and linear displacement sensors; ④ Ignite the cable using a combustion device; ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed; ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate.

8. A method for studying the structural changes of cable trench fire covers under different weight loads using a cable trench fire simulation and cover structure stability measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity; ② Set the load-bearing capacity of the cable trench cover; ③ Begin recording data from the weighing device, strain gauges, thermocouples, and linear displacement sensors; ④ Ignite the cable using a combustion device; ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed; ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate.

9. A method for studying the influence of different aerosol extinguishing agent locations on the cable trench fire cover structure using the cable trench fire simulation and cover structure stability measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity; ② Install aerosol fire extinguishers on the cover plate bracket; ③ Begin recording data from the weighing device, strain gauges, thermocouples, and linear displacement sensors; ④ Ignite the cable using a combustion device; ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed; ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate.

10. A method for studying the structural changes of cable trench fire covers under longitudinal ventilation conditions using a cable trench fire simulation and cover structure stability measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: ① Based on the research requirements, determine the number of cables, their spacing, and their height, and determine the dimensions of the cable trench cavity; ② Turn on the blower in the cable trench and set a certain wind speed; ③ Begin recording data from the weighing device, strain gauges, thermocouples, and linear displacement sensors; ④ Ignite the cable using a combustion device; ⑤ Stop recording once the cable has completely burned or the roof has collapsed; ⑥ Analyze the burning rate of the cable, the deformation of the cover plate, and the temperature field of the cover plate.

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