An automatic opening and locking mechanism for the anode hoisting structure of an electrolytic cell

Abstract

An automatic opening and locking mechanism for the anode lifting structure of an electrolytic cell, comprising an installation cylinder, an upper guiding cylinder, a lower guiding cylinder, a movable clamp, and a piston rod. Four first one-way teeth are provided on the circumference of the lower end of the upper guiding cylinder, and two guiding opening grooves are provided on the side wall of the upper guiding cylinder. Four second one-way teeth are provided on the circumference of the upper end of the lower guiding cylinder. The movable clamp is sleeved on the piston rod through a collar and is located between the upper guiding cylinder and the lower guiding cylinder. The installation cylinder is used for fixedly connecting with the sleeve of the lifting structure, and the piston rod extends upward and is used for fixedly connecting with the lifting ring of the lifting structure. The structure of the present invention is simple and the processing cost is low. Cooperating with the anode lifting structure of the electrolytic cell, it realizes the automatic locking and unlocking functions of the anode lifting structure of the electrolytic cell, meeting the actual needs of enterprises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrolytic aluminum, and particularly to an automatic opening and locking mechanism for the anode hoisting structure of an electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] Enterprises producing electrolytic aluminum use electrolytic cell devices for electrolyzing aluminum. The electrolytic cell is equipped with an anode. During the actual production process, a crane is required to hoist and transfer the anode to meet the production and maintenance requirements of the electrolytic cell device.

[0003] Refer to Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the hoisting structure currently supporting the traveling crane of electrolytic aluminum enterprises. This hoisting structure includes a lifting ring (101), a first articulated arm (102), a second articulated arm (103), and a sleeve (104). Two relief holes (105) are provided on the side wall of the sleeve (104). Both the first articulated arm (102) and the second articulated arm (103) are composed of an upper articulated section and a lower articulated section hinged together. The first articulated arm and the second articulated arm are distributed on both sides of the sleeve. The upper articulated sections of the first articulated arm and the second articulated arm are respectively hinged to the lifting ring. The lower articulated sections of the first articulated arm and the second articulated arm are respectively hinged to the sleeve and are located below the corresponding relief holes. An anode hook (106) is fixedly provided on each lower articulated section. Each anode hook is vertically distributed with respect to the lower articulated section and corresponds to the relief hole. During the process of hoisting and disengaging the anode, manual locking and manual unlocking are required, resulting in a relatively high manual labor intensity. Moreover, due to the relatively long length of the anode, there is also a risk during locking and unlocking.

[0004] Therefore, how to design an automatic opening and locking mechanism for the hoisting structure to achieve automatic locking and unlocking of the hoisting structure is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic opening and locking mechanism for the anode hoisting structure of an electrolytic cell in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The mechanism has a simple structure and low processing cost, and cooperates with the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell to achieve the functions of automatic locking and unlocking of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell, meeting the actual needs of enterprises.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic unlocking and locking mechanism for the anode hoisting structure of an electrolytic cell, including an installation cylinder, an upper guiding cylinder, a lower guiding cylinder, a movable clamp, and a piston rod. The upper guiding cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the installation cylinder. Four first one-way teeth are provided on the lower circumference of the upper guiding cylinder, and the four first one-way teeth evenly divide the 360° circumference. Two guiding opening grooves are provided on the side wall of the upper guiding cylinder, and these two guiding opening grooves extend in the vertical direction and evenly divide the 360° circumference. The slot openings of the guiding opening grooves are located between two adjacent first one-way teeth. The lower guiding cylinder is arranged at the lower part of the installation cylinder. Four second one-way teeth are provided on the upper circumference of the lower guiding cylinder, and the four second one-way teeth evenly divide the 360° circumference. The deflection direction of each second one-way tooth is the same as that of the first one-way tooth and is arranged in a staggered manner. The piston rod is slidably fitted in the inner hole of the upper guiding cylinder. The movable clamp includes a ferrule and two support arms provided on the ferrule. These two support arms extend radially outwards and evenly divide the 360° circumference. The movable clamp is sleeved on the piston rod through the ferrule and is located between the upper guiding cylinder and the lower guiding cylinder. The installation cylinder is used to be fixedly connected to the sleeve of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell, and the outer extending end of the piston rod is used to be fixedly connected to the lifting ring of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell. An unlocking state is formed by the cooperation of the movable clamp with the first one-way tooth or the second one-way tooth, and a locking state is formed by the cooperation of the movable clamp with the guiding opening groove.

[0007] Bearings are respectively provided on both sides of the ferrule of the movable clamp.

[0008] A first threaded hole is provided at the upper end of the installation cylinder, and a second threaded hole is provided at the lower end. The upper guiding cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the installation cylinder and is positioned by being threadedly fitted in the first threaded hole through a first bolt. The lower guiding cylinder is arranged at the lower part of the installation cylinder and is positioned by being threadedly fitted in the second threaded hole through a second bolt.

[0009] A limiting ring platform is provided at the upper end of the installation cylinder, and a limiting step is provided on the circumference of the upper guiding cylinder. The upper guiding cylinder is axially positioned by the cooperation of the limiting step and the limiting ring platform of the installation cylinder.

[0010] The adjacent two first one-way teeth are connected by an arc transition and are adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the support arm.

[0011] The adjacent two second one-way teeth are connected by an arc transition and are adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the support arm.

[0012] A maintenance opening is provided on the side wall of the installation cylinder and is located between the upper guiding cylinder and the lower guiding cylinder.

[0013] Adopting the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The automatic opening and locking mechanism of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell includes an installation cylinder, an upper guide cylinder, a lower guide cylinder, a movable clamp, and a piston rod. The upper guide cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the installation cylinder. Four first one-way teeth are provided on the circumference of the lower end of the upper guide cylinder. The four first one-way teeth evenly divide the 360° circumference. Two guide opening grooves are provided on the side wall of the upper guide cylinder. These two guide opening grooves extend in the vertical direction and evenly divide the 360° circumference. The notch of the guide opening groove is located between two adjacent first one-way teeth, and is used to drive the movable clamp to rotate and limit the position of the movable clamp. The lower guide cylinder is arranged at the lower part of the installation cylinder. Four second one-way teeth are provided on the circumference of the upper end of the lower guide cylinder. The four second one-way teeth evenly divide the 360° circumference. The deflection direction of each second one-way tooth is the same as that of the first one-way tooth and is arranged in a staggered manner, and is used to drive the movable clamp to rotate and limit the position of the movable clamp. The piston rod is slidably matched in the inner hole of the upper guide cylinder. The movable clamp includes a ferrule and two arms arranged on the ferrule. These two arms extend radially outwards and evenly divide the 360° circumference. The movable clamp is sleeved on the piston rod through the ferrule and is located between the upper guide cylinder and the lower guide cylinder. That is, the movable clamp is rotatably arranged on the piston rod and is axially limited. When the arm of the movable clamp is positioned by the first one-way tooth of the upper guide cylinder or the second one-way tooth of the lower guide cylinder, the outer extension length of the piston rod is shorter and the stability of the piston rod is high; when the movable clamp is positioned by the guide opening groove, the outer extension length of the piston rod is longer and the stability of the piston rod is high.The installation cylinder is used to be fixedly connected to the sleeve of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell. The outer extending end of the piston rod is used to be fixedly connected to the sling of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell. The movable clamp is positioned by the first one-way tooth adjacent to the upper guiding cylinder and the guiding opening groove, limiting the shorter outer extending length of the piston rod, so that the sling of the hoisting structure is far from the sleeve, and the anode hook is located outside the sleeve. Manually control the crane to transfer the hoisting structure above the anode of the electrolytic cell and then lower it, so that the hoisting end (upper end) of the anode of the electrolytic cell is inserted into the sleeve of the hoisting structure. The sling, the piston rod and the movable clamp move downward under the action of gravity. During the movement, the support arm of the movable clamp cooperates with the second one-way tooth, is driven by the second one-way tooth to rotate 90°, and is positioned by the second one-way tooth, restricting the movement distance of the sling, the piston rod and the movable clamp (in this state, the height difference between the sling and the sleeve of the hoisting structure is the smallest and it is in the open state). Then manually control the crane to lift, driving the sling, the piston rod and the movable clamp to move upward, and making the support arm of the movable clamp cooperate with the guiding opening groove, and finally being positioned by the guiding opening groove (in this state, the height difference between the sling and the sleeve of the hoisting structure is the largest and it is in the locked state, and the anode hook locks the anode of the electrolytic cell). After the anode of the electrolytic cell can be hoisted to the designated position by the crane, manually control the crane to lower it. After the anode of the electrolytic cell is stably supported, the sling, the piston rod and the movable clamp continue to move downward under the action of gravity to release the lock on the anode of the electrolytic cell. During the movement, the support arm of the movable clamp cooperates with the second one-way tooth, is driven by the second one-way tooth to rotate 90°, and is positioned by the second one-way tooth. Then manually control the crane to lift, driving the sling, the piston rod and the movable clamp to move upward, and finally being positioned by the first one-way tooth. The hoisting structure is in the open state, and the hoisting structure is separated from the anode of the electrolytic cell, completing the purpose of hoisting and transferring. The whole hoisting and transferring process realizes automatic locking and unlocking, which can greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers and has high safety.

[0015] 2. Bearings are respectively arranged on both sides of the ring of the movable clamp. On the basis of ensuring the normal rotation of the movable clamp around the piston rod, the bearing capacity of the movable clamp can be effectively improved, ensuring the long-term normal operation of the mechanism.

[0016] 3. The upper end of the installation cylinder is provided with a first threaded hole, and the lower end is provided with a second threaded hole. The upper guiding cylinder is arranged on the upper part of the installation cylinder and is positioned by being threadedly fitted with the first bolt in the first threaded hole. The lower guiding cylinder is arranged on the lower part of the installation cylinder and is positioned by being threadedly fitted with the second bolt in the second threaded hole, which is convenient for assembling and maintaining the automatic opening and locking mechanism. A limiting ring platform is arranged at the upper end of the installation cylinder, and a limiting step is arranged on the circumference of the upper guiding cylinder. The upper guiding cylinder is axially positioned by the cooperation of the limiting step and the limiting ring platform of the installation cylinder, improving the bearing capacity of the automatic opening and locking mechanism and ensuring the safety of the hoisting process.

[0017] 4. The adjacent first one-way teeth are connected by an arc transition and are adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the support arm, which can effectively improve the support and limit stability of the first one-way teeth for the movable card and ensure the operation stability of the automatic opening and locking mechanism; the adjacent second one-way teeth are connected by an arc transition and are adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the support arm, which can effectively improve the support and limit stability of the second one-way teeth for the movable card and ensure the operation stability of the automatic opening and locking mechanism.

[0018] The following is a further description in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hoisting structure in the background art;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower guide cylinder of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 For Figure 3 The sectional view;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper guide cylinder of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 For Figure 5 The A-A sectional view;

[0025] Figure 7 For Figure 5 The N-direction view;

[0026] Figure 8 For Figure 7 The B-B sectional view;

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the movable card of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the installation cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the present invention and the hoisting structure (locked state);

[0030] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the present invention and the hoisting structure (opened state).

[0031] In the attached drawings, 1 is an installation cylinder, 11 is a first threaded hole, 12 is a second threaded hole, 13 is a limiting ring platform, 2 is an upper guiding cylinder, 21 is a first one-way tooth, 22 is a guiding opening groove, 23 is a limiting step, 3 is a lower guiding cylinder, 31 is a second one-way tooth, 4 is a movable clamp, 41 is a ferrule, 42 is a support arm, 5 is a piston rod, 101 is a lifting ring, 102 is a first articulated arm, 103 is a second articulated arm, 104 is a sleeve, 105 is a relief hole, and 106 is an anode hook. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] Refer to Figures 2 to 12, which is a specific embodiment of the automatic opening and locking mechanism of the anode hoisting structure of an electrolytic cell. The automatic opening and locking mechanism of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell includes a mounting cylinder 1, an upper guide cylinder 2, a lower guide cylinder 3, a movable clamp 4, and a piston rod 5. The upper guide cylinder 2 is arranged at the upper part of the mounting cylinder. Four first one-way teeth 21 are provided on the circumference of the lower end of the upper guide cylinder 2. The four first one-way teeth 21 evenly divide the 360° circumference. Specifically, the adjacent two first one-way teeth are connected by an arc transition. Two guide opening grooves 22 are provided on the side wall of the upper guide cylinder 2. These two guide opening grooves 22 extend in the vertical direction and evenly divide the 360° circumference. The notch of the guide opening groove 22 is located between the adjacent two first one-way teeth. In this embodiment, a first threaded hole 11 is provided at the upper end of the mounting cylinder 1. The upper guide cylinder 2 is arranged at the upper part of the mounting cylinder 1 and is positioned by being threadedly fitted with the first bolt in the first threaded hole. In order to improve the stability of the upper guide cylinder, a limiting ring platform 13 is provided at the upper end of the mounting cylinder 1. A limiting step 23 is provided on the circumference of the upper guide cylinder 2. The upper guide cylinder 2 is axially positioned by the cooperation of the limiting step 23 and the limiting ring platform 13 of the mounting cylinder 1. The lower guide cylinder 3 is arranged at the lower part of the mounting cylinder. Four second one-way teeth 31 are provided on the circumference of the upper end of the lower guide cylinder 3. The four second one-way teeth 31 evenly divide the 360° circumference. Specifically, the adjacent two second one-way teeth are connected by an arc transition. The deflection direction of each second one-way tooth 31 is the same as that of the first one-way tooth 21 and is arranged in a staggered manner. In this embodiment, a second threaded hole 12 is provided at the lower end of the mounting cylinder. The lower guide cylinder 3 is arranged at the lower part of the mounting cylinder 1 and is positioned by being threadedly fitted with the second bolt in the second threaded hole. Generally, for the convenience of maintenance, a maintenance opening is provided on the side wall of the mounting cylinder, which is located between the upper guide cylinder and the lower guide cylinder. The piston rod 5 is slidably fitted in the inner hole of the upper guide cylinder 2, and obviously, the upper end of the piston rod extends out of the upper end of the upper guide cylinder. The movable clamp 4 includes a ferrule 41 and two arms 42 provided on the ferrule 41. These two arms 42 extend radially outwards and evenly divide the 360° circumference. The movable clamp 4 is sleeved on the piston rod 5 through the ferrule 41 and is located between the upper guide cylinder 2 and the lower guide cylinder 3. In order to improve the stability and load-bearing capacity of the movable clamp, bearings are respectively provided on both sides of the ferrule of the movable clamp 4, and the cross-sectional profile of the arm is adapted to the arc between the adjacent two first one-way teeth and is also adapted to the arc between the adjacent two second one-way teeth.

[0033] The assembly method of the present invention and the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell is as follows: The mounting cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the sleeve of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell and is located outside the sleeve. The outer extending end of the piston rod 5 is fixedly connected to the lifting ring of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell and is located between the lifting ring and the sleeve of the anode hoisting structure of the electrolytic cell.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the electrolytic cell anode hoisting structure is hoisted on a crane hook through a hanging ring. In an unloaded state, the movable card is positioned by a first one-way tooth adjacent to an upper guide cylinder and a guide opening groove, so that the hanging ring is close to a sleeve. In an unloaded state, the anode hook is located outside the sleeve. When it is necessary to lift and transfer the anode of the electrolytic cell, the crane is manually controlled to transfer the lifting structure to the top of the anode of the electrolytic cell and drop it down, so that the lifting end (upper end) of the anode of the electrolytic cell is inserted into the sleeve, so that the lifting structure is supported on the anode of the electrolytic cell, and the lifting ring, piston rod and movable clamp move downward under the action of gravity. During the movement, the support arm of the movable clamp cooperates with the second one-way tooth and is driven by the second one-way tooth to rotate 90° to the bottom of the tooth groove of the second one-way tooth to form a positioning, limit the movement distance of the lifting ring, piston rod and movable clamp (in this state, the height difference between the lifting ring and the sleeve is the smallest and is in an open state), and then the crane is manually controlled to lift, drive the lifting ring, piston rod and movable clamp to move upward, the support arm of the movable clamp slides and cooperates in the guide opening groove of the upper guide cylinder, and is finally positioned by the guide opening groove, and the anode hanging The hook is inserted into the lifting hole of the electrolytic cell anode through the clearance hole. In this state, the height difference between the lifting ring and the sleeve is the largest, and it is in a locked state. The anode hook locks the electrolytic cell anode. After the electrolytic cell anode is lifted to the specified position by the crane, the crane is manually controlled to fall, so that the electrolytic cell anode support is stable. The lifting ring, piston rod, and movable clamp continue to move downward under the action of gravity, and the anode hook rotates out of the clearance hole and the sleeve to release the lock on the electrolytic cell anode. During the action, the support arm of the movable clamp cooperates with the second one-way tooth, and is driven by the second one-way tooth to rotate 90°, and is positioned by the second one-way tooth. Then the crane is manually controlled to lift, driving the lifting ring, piston rod, and movable clamp to move upward, and finally positioned by the first one-way tooth, it is in an open state, and the lifting structure is separated from the electrolytic cell anode, completing the purpose of lifting and transfer.

Claims

1. An automatic opening and locking mechanism for the anode hoisting structure of an electrolytic cell, characterized in that: It includes an installation cylinder (1), an upper guide cylinder (2), a lower guide cylinder (3), a movable clamp (4), and a piston rod (5). The upper guide cylinder (2) is arranged at the upper part of the installation cylinder. Four first one-way teeth (21) are provided on the circumference of the lower end of the upper guide cylinder. The four first one-way teeth (21) evenly divide the 360° circumference. Two guide opening grooves (22) are provided on the side wall of the upper guide cylinder (2). These two guide opening grooves (22) extend in the vertical direction and evenly divide the 360° circumference. The notch of the guide opening groove (22) is located between two adjacent first one-way teeth. The lower guide cylinder (3) is arranged at the lower part of the installation cylinder. Four second one-way teeth (31) are provided on the circumference of the upper end of the lower guide cylinder. The four second one-way teeth (31) evenly divide the 360° circumference. The deflection direction of each second one-way tooth (31) is the same as that of the first one-way tooth (21) and is arranged in a staggered manner. The piston rod (5) is slidably fitted in the inner hole of the upper guide cylinder (2). The movable clamp (4) includes a ferrule (41) and two support arms (42) provided on the ferrule (41). These two support arms (42) extend radially outward and evenly divide the 360° circumference. The movable clamp (4) is sleeved on the piston rod (5) through the ferrule (41) and is located between the upper guide cylinder (2) and the lower guide cylinder (3). The installation cylinder (1) is used for fixedly connecting with the sleeve of the electrolytic cell anode hoisting structure. The outer extending end of the piston rod (5) is used for fixedly connecting with the lifting ring of the electrolytic cell anode hoisting structure. An unlocking state is formed by the cooperation of the movable clamp and the first one-way tooth or the second one-way tooth, and a locking state is formed by the cooperation of the movable clamp and the guide opening groove.

2. The automatic opening and locking mechanism of the electrolytic cell anode hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bearings are respectively arranged on both sides of the ferrule of the movable clamp (4).

3. The automatic opening and locking mechanism of the electrolytic cell anode hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first threaded hole (11) is provided at the upper end of the installation cylinder (1), and a second threaded hole (12) is provided at the lower end. The upper guide cylinder (2) is arranged at the upper part of the installation cylinder (1) and is positioned by being threadedly fitted with the first bolt in the first threaded hole. The lower guide cylinder (3) is arranged at the lower part of the installation cylinder (1) and is positioned by being threadedly fitted with the second bolt in the second threaded hole.

4. The automatic opening and locking mechanism of the electrolytic cell anode hoisting structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: A limiting ring platform (13) is arranged at the upper end of the installation cylinder (1). A limiting step (23) is provided on the circumference of the upper guide cylinder (2). The upper guide cylinder (2) is axially positioned by the cooperation of the limiting step (23) and the limiting ring platform (13) of the installation cylinder (1).

5. The automatic opening and locking mechanism of the electrolytic cell anode hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between two adjacent first one-way teeth is in an arc transition and is adapted to the cross-sectional contour of the support arm.

6. The automatic opening and locking mechanism of the electrolytic cell anode lifting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between two adjacent second one-way teeth is in an arc transition and is adapted to the cross-sectional contour of the support arm.

7. The automatic opening and locking mechanism of the electrolytic cell anode lifting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A maintenance opening is provided on the side wall of the installation cylinder and is located between the upper guide cylinder and the lower guide cylinder.

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