Rail line automatic ballast filling operation method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of track line automatic ballast supplement operation method, when the ballast drop port is located directly above the pick pocket, control device outputs trigger signal to control valve drive mechanism to drive ballast valve to open, ballast is dropped into pick pocket from ballast hopper, when ballast is finished, ballast valve is closed.Control device simultaneously according to the interval of the next group of sleepers measured by front detection device, infer the distance of the next four pick pockets, then combine the time required to pass the next four pick pockets calculated according to the operation speed, and automatically adjust the speed of the first power mechanism.Ballast in ballast hopper is transmitted into ballast hopper by conveying mechanism, and then falls into ballast hopper, until ballast hopper passes above the next four pick pockets, control device outputs trigger signal to control ballast valve to open, and carries out the next ballast supplement operation.The application can solve the technical problems that the existing ballast supplement method is prone to failure, has poor reliability, and has poor operation and practicality, and cannot realize quantitative ballast control.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of railway engineering machinery, and in particular to an automatic ballast supplementing and backfilling method for track line tamping and construction operations. BACKGROUND

[0002] Except for high-speed rails being ballastless tracks, there are more than 100,000 kilometers of existing ordinary lines in China. These lines need to be maintained by tamping operations as the running time increases. In addition, whether it is rail replacement or new line laying, the ballast supporting the rails in the track bed needs to be tamped by using a tamping vehicle or other equipment through tamping bucket vibration and other methods to make the rails stable and reliable. When new track lines are laid or existing lines are maintained by tamping operations, the tamping vehicle completes tamping on the ballast supporting the rails, causing the ballast to sink and form a bucket pit, which needs to be treated by supplementing ballast. Obviously, the ballast will sink during tamping and form a bucket pit with a certain volume. In order to enable the ballast to provide sufficient support, the ballast needs to be supplemented and filled in these bucket pits. At present, the main ballast filling construction operation is mainly supplemented by manual ballast transportation and supplementing, which is very labor-intensive in terms of labor intensity and labor quantity.

[0003] In the prior art, the following technical solutions are related to the present application:

[0004] Prior art 1 is a Chinese invention application filed by China Railway Construction High-tech Equipment Co., Ltd. on September 14, 2018 and published on December 11, 2018, with the publication number CN108978370A. The invention discloses a ballast supplementing device for bucket pit backfilling, which comprises a ballast bucket and a ballast supplementing device. A ballast falling opening is arranged at the bottom of the ballast bucket, and an anti-ballast jamming structure is arranged between the lower part of the ballast bucket and the ballast supplementing device. Compared with the existing manual method, the invention is widely applicable to occasions requiring fixed-point and fixed-quantity ballast supplementing, especially for automatically backfilling the bucket pit formed after tamping operations, and can realize fixed-point and fixed-quantity ballast supplementing, replacing the existing manual backfilling of bucket pits. Not only can it greatly reduce the labor intensity and save a large amount of labor cost, but also can greatly improve the work efficiency of backfilling the bucket pit. However, the invention is prone to ballast jamming at the edge of the funnel when the size of the ballast is relatively large, which may cause damage to the rotating device. In particular, when the ballast starts to fill the funnel, the pressure of the ballast on the rotating device is very large, and the ballast is not easy to be layered at the ballast opening. Therefore, the ballast supplementing device is prone to failure, has poor reliability, and is not strong in operation.

[0005] Prior art 2 is a Chinese utility model patent with the patent number CN210151491U, which was applied for by China Railway Construction High-tech Equipment Co., Ltd. and China Railway Corporation on January 25, 2019, and announced on March 17, 2020. The utility model discloses a ballast separating device suitable for different working positions, which comprises a ballast lowering device and a ballast separating device. The ballast separating device is located below the ballast lowering device and comprises a ballast separating hopper and a ballast separating adjustable mechanism. The ballast separating adjustable mechanism comprises a ballast separating hopper hydraulic cylinder, a guide rod and a guide rod stand column. A fastener sensing device is arranged below the ballast separating device, which comprises a fastener sensing lifting beam and a fastener sensing sensor. The utility model can transport the ballast with the vehicle and realize automatic ballast backfilling of the pick hole. It can automatically adjust the ballast lowering direction to perform ballast backfilling operation on the track bed with different sleeper spacings under the condition that the sleeper spacings are inconsistent. It can effectively improve the ballast compactness between sleepers and further enhance the stability of the track bed to ensure the safety of train operation. However, the utility model mainly uses the oil cylinder to drive the ballast separating hopper to swing along the length direction of the rail to adapt to the operation under different sleeper spacings. At the same time, the ballast lowering device of the utility model has the same structure as prior art 1 and has similar technical defects.

[0006] Prior art 3 is a Chinese invention application with the publication number CN109056433A, which was applied for by China Railway Construction High-tech Equipment Co., Ltd. on August 31, 2018, and published on December 21, 2018. The invention discloses a sleeper interval ballast maintenance device, which comprises a cart frame. A ballast tamping trolley is arranged below the cart frame, and a pick hole backfilling device is arranged on the cart frame. The pick hole backfilling device comprises a ballast hopper, a ballast lowering device, a ballast separating device, a ballast filling operation power and the like. The device is driven to rotate by the ballast filling operation power to realize quantitative ballast lowering. The ballast separating device is used to guide the ballast falling from the ballast lowering device to fall into the sleeper interval pick hole on both sides of the rail. Compared with the existing manual method, the invention can be integrated into a large-scale track maintenance machine and configured with a corresponding intelligent detection control system to simultaneously perform automatic backfilling of the tamping pick hole and automatic tamping of the sleeper interval ballast, realize point and quantitative ballast lowering operation and point tamping operation, replace manual operation, greatly save labor cost, and greatly improve the maintenance operation efficiency. However, the operation device of the invention cannot realize the offset of the vehicle center line when operating in the curve section, the ballast separating hopper cannot be aligned with the pick hole, and is only suitable for straight line operation. At the same time, the ballast lowering principle of the invention is the same as that of prior art 1.

[0007] The prior art 4 is a Chinese utility model patent with the patent number CN210856812U, which was applied for by Hebei Rongkun Railway Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. on September 24, 2019 and announced on June 26, 2020. The utility model discloses a ballast uniform device for track laying, which comprises a vehicle body and four wheels mounted on the vehicle body. The top of the vehicle body is provided with a ballast hopper, and the bottom of the vehicle body is provided with a ballast uniform conveying device. The discharge port of the ballast hopper is located above the ballast uniform conveying device. The ballast in the ballast hopper can realize automatic ballast pouring under the conveying of the belt conveyor. Meanwhile, the belt conveyor can move transversely along the guide rail, so as to realize the pouring of the ballast at any position near the track. The utility model is simple in operation. The ballast in the ballast hopper can realize automatic ballast pouring under the action of the belt conveyor. Meanwhile, the belt conveyor can move transversely along the guide rail, so as to realize the pouring of the ballast at any position near the track, greatly improving the ballast pouring efficiency and reducing the labor intensity of workers. However, the ballast uniform device of the utility model is used for pouring the ballast at any position near the track, and the quantitative ballast control is not realized. SUMMARY

[0008] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method to solve the technical problems that the existing ballast supplementing mode is prone to failure, has poor reliability, is not strong in operation practicability, and cannot realize quantitative ballast control.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purpose, the present application specifically provides a technical implementation scheme of a track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method, which comprises the following steps:

[0010] The track engineering operation vehicle continuously travels. When the ballast falling port is located directly above the pick hole, the control device outputs a trigger signal to control the valve driving mechanism to drive the ballast valve to open, and the ballast falls from the ballast hopper into the pick hole. When the ballast falling is completed, the ballast valve is closed. The control device simultaneously infers the distance of the next four pick holes according to the interval of the next group of sleepers measured by the front detection device, and then automatically adjusts the rotating speed of the first power mechanism according to the time required to pass the next four pick holes calculated according to the speed of the operation vehicle. The ballast in the ballast hopper is transmitted to the ballast hopper through the conveying mechanism, and then falls into the ballast hopper. When the ballast hopper passes above the next four pick holes, the control device outputs a trigger signal to control the ballast valve to open, and the next ballast supplementing operation is performed. The above process is repeated to realize the automatic and accurate ballast supplementing of the track engineering operation vehicle during continuous travel.

[0011] Further, when the track engineering operation vehicle travels towards the end, the detection device detects the rail spike first, and then the ballast supplementing operation is performed. The time when the detection device detects the rail spike each time is recorded as , , Assume the combined structural response delay time of the control device and the automatic ballast replenishment device is... The time it takes for the ballast inlet to open each time is recorded as follows: , The speed of the vehicle when the ballast chute is opened is Then the ballast chute reaches the first When the sleeper is in the middle of the track spike, the following formula applies:

[0012]

[0013] in, The distance from the detection device to the ballast inlet. To The speed of the vehicle at the end of the journey, The height from the ballast drop point to the pick pit. This is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0014] Furthermore, a ballast bucket for holding ballast is installed on the chassis. A conveying mechanism is provided below the ballast bucket, and the ballast in the ballast bucket is quantitatively conveyed by controlling the conveying distance of the conveying mechanism. A ballast dropping bucket is provided below the conveying mechanism, and the ballast is controlled to fall and backfill into the pick pit, so as to achieve single quantitative backfilling of ballast.

[0015] Furthermore, a baffle valve is installed between the ballast outlet below the ballast hopper and the conveying mechanism to control the ballast in the ballast hopper to fall to the conveying mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, a ballast distribution hopper is provided between the conveying mechanism and the ballast hopper to distribute the ballast quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, two identical inverted conical openings are symmetrically formed laterally at the lower part of the ballast bucket. These openings connect to the ballast outlets and are used for filling the ballast in the pick holes on both sides of the two rails. A baffle valve is installed below each ballast outlet, and a conveying mechanism is installed below the baffle valve. Two ballast distribution buckets are installed below the conveying mechanism, and a drop bucket is installed below each of the two distribution buckets. The ballast drop buckets are arranged laterally to correspond to the four pick holes between every two sleepers. The ballast conveyed quantitatively by the conveying mechanism is divided into two parts by the distribution buckets, and then falls through the drop buckets and backfills into the pick holes.

[0018] Further, the plug valve comprises a frame, a rotating door, a plug and a second power mechanism. The plug is arranged on one side of the hollow bottom of the frame, and the bottom of the frame is partially closed by the plug. The rotating door is movably arranged on the other side of the frame. The second power mechanism is movably connected with the plug, and the plug is moved along the length direction of the frame by the second power mechanism. When the plug and the rotating door are in the open state, and the first power mechanism drives the reduction mechanism to rotate, the belt transports the ballast from the ballast outlet, and the ballast falls into the ballast distribution hopper and is evenly distributed into the lower ballast hopper. The distance of the belt transportation is controlled by controlling the rotation number of the first power mechanism, so that the single-quantitative ballast taking is realized.

[0019] Further, the conveying mechanism adopts the belt conveying mode, and comprises a first power mechanism, a reduction mechanism, a belt and a roller. The reduction mechanism is driven by the first power mechanism, and the belt is rolled. The roller is used for power transmission of the belt rolling. When the automatic ballast supplementing device needs to be maintained due to failure, the ballast outlet of the plug valve is closed by closing the plug and the rotating door, so that the ballast cannot slide out during the maintenance operation.

[0020] Further, the control device is associatedly controlled by the running speed of the belt, the working vehicle speed and the cross-sectional area of the ballast outlet of the ballast hopper, so that the quantitative ballast supplementing is realized. When the cross-sectional area of the ballast outlet arranged at the lower part of the ballast hopper is , the running speed of the belt is , the working vehicle speed is , the detection device detects that the distance between two adjacent sleepers is , the time to the next ballast supplementing is , the running distance of the belt during the time is , and the next ballast supplementing amount is . During the ballast supplementing operation, the , , are taken as the quantification, the control device calculates the running speed of the belt according to the change of the working vehicle speed , and adjusts the running speed of the belt by the first power mechanism.

[0021] Further, the ballast valve is arranged below the ballast hopper, and the valve driving mechanism is hingedly arranged between the ballast hopper and the ballast valve. When the ballast outlet of the ballast hopper faces the upper part of the bucket, the ballast valve is opened by the pushing of the valve driving mechanism, and the ballast falls into the bucket. Subsequently, the ballast valve is closed, the ballast continues to fall into the ballast distribution hopper, so that the next ballast supplementing operation is repeated.

[0022] Further, a horizontal moving mechanism is installed on the ballast distributing hopper, which comprises a screw module and a horizontal moving driving mechanism.

[0023] Further, when the track is straight, the ballast falling hopper is positioned at the central position by the screw module, and the four ballast falling openings are respectively located above the bucket holes.

[0024] The track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method provided by the application has the following advantages:

[0025] (1) The track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method is safe and reliable in the ballast supplementing operation process, has strong practicality, and can realize quantitative ballast control.

[0026] (2) The track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method uses a belt conveying mechanism to convey ballast of different sizes, and the ballast is conveyed out of the ballast hopper by the belt conveying mechanism, so that the ballast is not stuck.

[0027] (3) The track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method realizes quantitative and accurate backfilling by accurate control of the motor, avoids frequent start and stop of the motor under continuous ballast supplementing work by setting a ballast falling valve, and realizes accurate positioning of the ballast falling during ballast supplementing and backfilling by setting the screw module to horizontally compensate the bucket hole offset, so that the curve operation ballast supplementing requirement is met.

[0028] (4) The track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method sets a plug valve between the ballast hopper and the conveying mechanism to control the ballast in the ballast hopper to fall into the conveying mechanism, closes the ballast falling opening of the ballast hopper by closing the plug and the pin shaft rotating door when the belt conveyor or the system needs to be maintained, ensures that the ballast does not slide out during maintenance operation, and greatly improves the safety of the ballast supplementing operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a transverse arrangement structure of a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing device based on the method of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic view of a longitudinal arrangement structure of a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing device based on the method of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a plug valve in a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing device based on the method of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a ballast separating hopper and a ballast dropping hopper in a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing device based on the method of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a ballast separating hopper and a ballast dropping hopper in another view of a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing device based on the method of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a ballast separating hopper and a ballast dropping hopper in a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing device based on the method of the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a ballast separating hopper and a ballast dropping hopper in another view of a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing device based on the method of the present application;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic view of a quantitative ballast replenishing principle of a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing device based on the method of the present application;

[0038] Figure 9 is a schematic view of a quantitative ballast replenishing principle of a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing device based on the method of the present application in another view;

[0039] Figure 10 is a schematic view of a differential speed compensation principle of a specific embodiment of the track automatic ballast replenishing method of the present application;

[0040] Figure 11is a structural principle block diagram of a specific embodiment of the track line automatic ballast supplement system based on the method of the present application;

[0041] Figure 12 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the track engineering working vehicle based on the method of the present application;

[0042] In the figure: 1 - ballast bucket, 2 - flapper valve, 3 - conveying mechanism, 4 - ballast distribution bucket, 5 - ballast falling bucket, 6 - ballast falling valve, 7 - first power mechanism, 8 - speed reduction mechanism, 9 - valve driving mechanism, 10 - vehicle frame, 11 - transverse moving mechanism, 12 - screw module, 13 - transverse moving driving mechanism, 14 - transverse push rod, 15 - vertical limiting block, 16 - supporting roller, 17 - frame, 18 - rotating door, 19 - flapper, 20 - screw, 21 - second power mechanism, 22 - ballast outlet, 23 - ballast falling outlet, 24 - ballast falling outlet, 25 - belt, 26 - roller, 30 - steel rail, 40 - sleeper, 50 - ballast bed, 60 - pick hole, 70 - rail spike, 100 - automatic ballast supplement device, 200 - ballast, 300 - track engineering working vehicle, 301 - driver's cabin, 400 - control device, 500 - detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] As shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 to the accompanying Figure 12 The specific embodiments of the track line automatic ballast supplement method of the present application are shown, and the present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] Generally, after ballast tamping, two ballast pits 60 are formed in the ballast bed 50 area between the two sleepers 40 on either side of each rail 30, resulting in four ballast pits 60 between the two sleepers 40 of two rails 30. To address this technical problem, this invention proposes a new automatic ballast tamping and backfilling device, system, and track engineering vehicle to address the issue of manual ballast backfilling after the formation of ballast pits 60 following track tamping, which involves high labor intensity and manpower. This invention utilizes a belt drive mechanism to quantitatively transport ballast 200 pre-loaded in the ballast bucket 1 and place it into the ballast pits 60, completing the automatic ballast tamping and precise backfilling operation. The belt conveyor can also be replaced by a chain conveyor or similar functional structure. The operating method described in this invention can be applied to continuously operating or step-by-step construction vehicles.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 for track lines upon which this invention is based specifically includes:

[0048] A ballast bucket 1, mounted on the frame 10, for accommodating ballast 200;

[0049] The conveying mechanism 3, located below the ballast bucket 1, quantitatively conveys the ballast 200 in the ballast bucket 1 by controlling the transmission distance of the conveying mechanism 3.

[0050] And the ballast hopper 5 located below the conveying mechanism 3 controls the ballast 200 to fall and backfill into the pick pit 60, so as to achieve single quantitative backfilling of ballast 200.

[0051] The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 also includes a baffle valve 2 connected between the ballast outlet 22 below the ballast hopper 1 and the conveying mechanism 3, for controlling the ballast 200 in the ballast hopper 1 to fall to the conveying mechanism 3. The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 also includes a ballast distribution hopper 4 connected between the conveying mechanism 3 and the ballast drop hopper 5, for distributing the ballast 200 quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism 3.

[0052] As a typical specific embodiment of the present invention, the ballast bucket 1 is fixed to the crossbeam of the frame 10 by bolts, and the lower part of the ballast bucket 1 is along the transverse direction (as shown in the attached figure). Figure 1Two identical inverted conical openings (in the direction shown by W) are symmetrically formed, connecting to ballast outlets 22, and used for ballast replenishment in the pick holes 60 on both sides of the two rails 30. Below each ballast outlet 22 is a slide valve 2, and below the slide valve 2 is a conveying mechanism 3. Below the conveying mechanism 3 are two ballast distribution buckets 4, and below each of the two distribution buckets 4 is a drop bucket 5. The drop buckets 5 are arranged laterally to correspond to the four pick holes 60 between every two sleepers 40. (See attached diagram) Figure 7 As shown, the ballast 200 conveyed by the conveying mechanism 3 is divided into two parts by the ballast hopper 4, and then falls into the ballast drop hopper 5 and is backfilled into the pick pit 60.

[0053] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the slide gate valve 2 further includes a frame 17, a rotating door 18, a slide gate 19, and a second power mechanism 21. The slide gate 19 is disposed on one side of the hollow bottom of the frame 17 and partially closes the bottom of the frame 17. The rotating door 18 is movably disposed on the other side of the frame 17. The second power mechanism 21 is movably connected to the slide gate 19, and can drive the slide gate 19 along the length direction of the frame 17 (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 3 The second power mechanism 21 can specifically adopt a combination structure of a handwheel, a lead screw 20, and a slider. One end of the lead screw 20 is connected to the handwheel, and the other end cooperates with a slider with internal threads. The slider is fixed on the insert plate 19. When the insert plate 19 and the rotating door 18 are in the open state, when the first power mechanism 7 drives the reduction mechanism 8 to rotate, the belt 25 transports the ballast 200 from the ballast outlet 22. The ballast 200 falls into the ballast distribution hopper 4 and is evenly distributed before falling into the ballast drop hopper 5 below. By controlling the number of rotations of the first power mechanism 7, the distance transported by the belt 25 is controlled, thereby realizing a single quantitative ballast collection.

[0054] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the conveying mechanism 3 further adopts a belt conveyor structure and includes a first power mechanism 7, a reduction mechanism 8, a belt 25, and a roller 26. The first power mechanism 7 (which can specifically be a speed-regulating motor) drives the reduction mechanism 8, which in turn drives the belt 25 to roll. The roller 26 is used to transmit power to the rolling of the belt 25. When the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 malfunctions and requires maintenance, the lower ballast port 23 of the slide valve 2 can be closed by closing the slide plate 19 and the rotating door 18 to ensure that the ballast 200 does not slip out during maintenance work. According to the railway crushed stone ballast standard, the size of the ballast 200 ranges from 16mm to 63mm. Due to the large size range, the belt drive mechanism must not only complete the conveying of the ballast 200 but also prevent it from jamming.

[0055] As attached Figure 4 , 5As shown in Figure 6, a transverse movement mechanism 11 is installed on the ballast distribution hopper 4. The transverse movement mechanism 11 further includes a lead screw module 12 and a transverse movement drive mechanism 13. The ballast dropping hopper 5 is installed on the ballast distribution hopper 4 via support rollers 16. A vertical limit block 15 is also provided on the ballast distribution hopper 4. The ballast dropping hopper 5 is connected to the slide of the lead screw module 12 via a transverse push rod 14. The transverse movement drive mechanism 13 (which can specifically be a motor, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric cylinder) drives the lead screw of the lead screw module 12 to rotate. The rotation of the lead screw drives the slide to move laterally (as shown in Figure 6). Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 The ballast hopper 5 moves laterally, following the movement of the slide table (as shown in the W direction). When the track is straight, the ballast hopper 5 is positioned in the center by the screw module 12, with the four ballast inlets 24 located directly above the pick socket 60. When the track is curved, the pick socket 60 will have a certain external offset when the track engineering vehicle 300 passes through the curve. Lateral compensation is needed for this offset. The screw module 12 is controlled by the pick socket offset signal measured and given from the front to drive the ballast hopper 5 to move laterally to adjust its lateral position, so that the ballast 200 falls accurately into the pick socket 60, realizing offset ballast compensation when working through curves.

[0056] As attached Figure 5 As shown, a ballast dropping valve 6 is installed below the ballast dropping hopper 5, and a valve drive mechanism 9 is hinged between the ballast dropping hopper 5 and the ballast dropping valve 6. When the ballast dropping opening 24 of the ballast dropping hopper 5 faces upwards into the pick hopper 60, the ballast dropping valve 6 opens under the push of the valve drive mechanism 9 (which can specifically be a motor, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric cylinder), and the ballast 200 falls into the pick hopper 60. Subsequently, the ballast dropping valve 6 closes, and the ballast 200 continues to fall into the ballast distribution hopper 4 to repeat the next ballast replenishment operation. By setting the ballast dropping valve 6, continuous operation of the valve drive mechanism 9 can be achieved under intermittent ballast replenishment conditions, thereby avoiding frequent start-stop operations, and at the same time, precise positioning of the ballast 200 during ballast replenishment and backfilling can be achieved.

[0057] The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 described in Example 1 addresses the technical problem of manual ballast replenishment and backfilling after railway tamping, which requires significant labor intensity and manpower. The automatic ballast replenishment device 100 uses a belt conveyor to transport ballast 200 from the ballast hopper 1, achieving quantitative and precise positioning for ballast replenishment and backfilling. The ballast 200 in the ballast hopper 1, mounted on the frame 301 of the track engineering vehicle 300, is conveyed by a belt conveyor driven by a speed-regulating motor. By controlling the travel of the belt 25 within a single replenishment cycle, the ballast 200 is quantitatively transported to the distribution hopper 4, then falls into the ballast dropping hopper 5. Finally, the ballast 200 is controlled by opening and closing the dropping valve 6 to control its descent and backfilling into the ballast hopper 60.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] As attached Figure 11 and 12 As shown, an embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment system for track lines based on the present invention specifically includes the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 and control device 400 described in Embodiment 1, and a detection device 500 mounted on the frame 10 of the track engineering vehicle 300 and located in front of the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 during operation. The track engineering vehicle 300 travels continuously. When the ballast drop outlet 24 is directly above the pick pit 60, the control device 400 outputs a trigger signal to control the valve drive mechanism 9 to open the ballast drop valve 6, allowing the ballast 200 to fall from the ballast drop hopper 5 into the pick pit 60. Simultaneously, the control device 400, based on the spacing of the next set of sleepers 40 measured by the detection device 500, infers the distance of the next set of four pick pits 60, and then calculates the time required to pass through the next set of four pick pits 60 based on the vehicle speed, and automatically adjusts the rotational speed of the first power mechanism 7. After the ballast is dropped, the ballast dropping valve 6 closes, and the ballast 200 is conveyed by the belt conveyor 25 into the ballast distribution hopper 4, and then evenly distributed into the ballast dropping hopper 5. When the ballast dropping hopper 5 passes over the next set of four pick holes 60, the control device 400 outputs a trigger signal to open the ballast dropping valve 6, initiating the next ballast replenishment operation. This process is repeated, enabling the track engineering vehicle 300 to automatically and accurately replenish ballast during continuous operation.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] As attached Figure 12 As shown, an embodiment of the track engineering vehicle 300 on which the present invention is based specifically includes: a frame 10, and an automatic track ballast replenishment system as described in Embodiment 2. The frame 10 is also provided with a driver's cab 301.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] An embodiment of the automatic ballast replenishment operation method for track lines according to the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] The track engineering vehicle 300 continuously travels, and when the ballast drop port 24 is directly above the pick hole 600, the control device 400 outputs a trigger signal to control the valve drive mechanism 9 to drive the ballast valve 6 to open, and the ballast 200 falls from the ballast hopper 5 into the pick hole 60, and when the ballast dropping is completed, the ballast valve 6 is closed. The control device 400 simultaneously infers the distance of the next four pick holes 60 according to the interval of the next set of sleepers 40 detected by the front detection device 500, and then automatically adjusts the rotating speed of the first power mechanism 7 according to the time required to pass the next four pick holes 60. The ballast 200 in the ballast hopper 1 is transported by the conveying mechanism 3 and falls into the ballast hopper 5, and when the ballast hopper 5 passes above the next four pick holes 60, the control device 400 outputs a trigger signal to control the ballast valve 6 to open, and the next ballast supplementing operation is performed. This is repeated to realize the automatic and accurate ballast supplementing of the track engineering vehicle 300 during continuous travel.

[0065] The ballast hopper 1 for containing the ballast 200 is mounted on the vehicle frame 10. The conveying mechanism 3 is arranged below the ballast hopper 1, and the ballast 200 in the ballast hopper 1 is quantitatively conveyed by controlling the conveying distance of the conveying mechanism 3. The ballast hopper 5 is arranged below the conveying mechanism 3, and the ballast 200 is controlled to fall and backfill into the pick hole 60 to realize single quantitative backfilling of the ballast 200. The flashboard valve 2 is arranged between the ballast drop port 22 below the ballast hopper 1 and the conveying mechanism 3, and is used to control the ballast 200 in the ballast hopper 1 to fall into the conveying mechanism 3. The ballast hopper 4 is arranged between the conveying mechanism 3 and the ballast hopper 5, and is used to distribute the ballast 200 quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism 3.

[0066] Two identical inverted conical ports are formed symmetrically in the lower part of the ballast hopper 1 in the transverse direction, and the ports are connected to the ballast drop port 22 and are respectively used for ballast supplementing of the pick holes 60 on both sides of the two steel rails 30. A flashboard valve 2 is arranged below each ballast drop port 22, and a set of conveying mechanisms 3 is arranged below the flashboard valve 2. Two ballast hoppers 4 are arranged below the conveying mechanisms 3, and one ballast hopper 5 is arranged below each of the two ballast hoppers 4. The ballast hoppers 5 are arranged in the transverse direction and correspond to the four pick holes 60 between every two sleepers 40. The ballast 200 quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism 3 is evenly divided into two parts by the ballast hopper 4, and then falls and backfills into the pick hole 60 by the ballast hopper 5.

[0067] The conveying mechanism 3 adopts a belt conveying mode and includes the first power mechanism 7, the speed reduction mechanism 8, the belt 25, and the roller 26. The first power mechanism 7 drives the speed reduction mechanism 8, and then drives the belt 25 to roll, and the roller 26 is used for power transmission of the rolling of the belt 25. When the automatic ballast supplementing device 100 needs to be maintained due to failure, the ballast drop port 23 of the flashboard valve 2 can be closed by closing the flashboard 19 and rotating the door 18, so as to ensure that the ballast 200 does not slide out during the maintenance operation.

[0068] The plug valve 2 comprises a frame 17, a rotating door 18, a plug 19 and a second power mechanism 21. The plug 19 is arranged on one side of the hollow bottom of the frame 17, and partially closes the bottom of the frame 17. The rotating door 18 is movably arranged on the other side of the frame 17. The second power mechanism 21 is movably connected with the plug 19, and drives the plug 19 to move along the length direction of the frame 17. When the plug 19 and the rotating door 18 are in the open state, and the first power mechanism 7 drives the speed reducer 8 to rotate, the belt 25 conveys the ballast 200 from the ballast outlet 22, and the ballast 200 falls into the ballast distribution hopper 4 and then falls into the lower ballast hopper 5. The distance of the conveying of the belt 25 is controlled by controlling the rotating number of the first power mechanism 7, so that the single-quantitative ballast taking is realized.

[0069] The ballast valve 6 is arranged below the ballast hopper 5, and the valve driving mechanism 9 is hingedly arranged between the ballast hopper 5 and the ballast valve 6. When the ballast outlet 24 of the ballast hopper 5 is directed to the upper side of the bucket 60, the ballast valve 6 is opened under the pushing of the valve driving mechanism 9, and the ballast 200 falls into the bucket 60. Then, the ballast valve 6 is closed, and the ballast 200 continues to fall into the ballast distribution hopper 4 to repeat the next ballast supplement operation. The horizontal moving mechanism 11 is arranged on the ballast distribution hopper 4, and comprises a screw module 12 and a horizontal moving driving mechanism 13. The ballast hopper 5 is arranged on the ballast distribution hopper 4 through the supporting roller 16, and the vertical limiting block 15 is arranged on the ballast distribution hopper 4. The ballast hopper 5 is connected with the sliding table of the screw module 12 through the horizontal push rod 14, the screw of the screw module 12 is driven to rotate by the horizontal moving driving mechanism 13, the sliding table is horizontally moved by the rotation of the screw, and the ballast hopper 5 moves horizontally following the movement of the sliding table.

[0070] When the track is straight, the ballast hopper 5 is positioned in the central position by the screw module 12, and the four ballast outlets 24 are respectively located above the buckets 600. When the track is curved, the bucket deviation signal given by the control device 400 controls the screw module 12 to drive the ballast hopper 5 to move horizontally to adjust the horizontal position, so that the ballast 200 accurately falls into the bucket 60.

[0071] As shown in the accompanying drawings, the control device 400 controls the running speed of the belt 25, the operation speed of the vehicle, and the cross-sectional area of the ballast outlet 22 of the ballast hopper 1 to realize the quantitative ballast supplement. When the ballast outlet 22 with the cross-sectional area of Figure 8 is arranged at the lower part of the ballast hopper 1, the running speed of the belt 25 is Figure 9 , and the operation speed of the vehicle is , the detection device 500 detects that the distance between two adjacent sleepers 40 is , and the time to the next ballast supplement is . ​During this period, the running distance of belt 25 The amount of ballast to be added next time will be During the ballast repair work, , , As a quantitative measure, the control device 400 adjusts the operating speed according to the vehicle speed. The change was used to calculate the running speed of belt 25. The running speed of belt 25 is adjusted by the first power mechanism 7. .

[0072] As attached Figure 10 As shown, when the track engineering work vehicle 300 moves towards During the initial operation, the track spike 70 is detected first, followed by the ballast filling action. The time it takes for the detection device 500 to detect the track spike 70 is recorded as follows: , , Assume the combined structural response delay time of the control device 400 and the automatic ballast replenishment device 100 is... The time it takes for the ballast inlet to open each time is recorded as 24. , The speed of the vehicle when the ballast chute is opened is 24. Then the ballast chute 24 reaches the first When the sleeper is 40mm in front of a 70mm rail spike, the following formula applies:

[0073]

[0074] in, The distance from the detection device 500 to the ballast inlet 24 is [missing information]. To The speed of the vehicle at the end of the journey, The ballast 200 is lowered from the ballast drop outlet 24 to a height of 60 in the pickaxe pit. This is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0075]

[0076] Obviously, It is a constant. It is also a constant, denoted as ,therefore:

[0077]

[0078] Since the volume of each gullet 60 is basically constant, the ballast quantification backfilling technology can be used when the ballast backfilling is performed in the embodiment 1. The automatic ballast supplementing device 100 described in the embodiment 1 uses the belt conveying mechanism to convey the ballast, and the quantification ballast supplementing is realized by the correlation control of the belt running speed, the working vehicle speed and the cross-sectional area of the ballast hopper outlet. Through the above calculation, it can be known that the opening time of the lower ballast outlet 23 only needs to increase a delay correction value on the basis of the time detected by the first spike 70.

[0079] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly disposed on the other element; when an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0080] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0081] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple", "several" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0082] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes and the like shown in the drawings of the present application are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the description, to enable those skilled in the art to understand and read, and do not have technical significance, and any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, which does not affect the effect and purpose that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application.

[0083] The technical scheme of the track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method described in the embodiment of the present application can produce the following technical effects:

[0084] (1) The track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method described in the embodiment of the present application has high safety and reliability in the ballast supplementing operation process, and has high operation practicability, and can realize quantitative ballast supplementing control.

[0085] (2) The track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method described in the embodiment of the present application adopts a belt conveying mechanism to realize conveying of ballasts of different sizes, and avoids the ballast jamming condition by conveying the ballasts out of the ballast hopper through the belt conveying mechanism.

[0086] (3) The track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method described in the embodiment of the present application realizes quantitative and accurate backfilling through accurate control of a motor, avoids frequent start and stop of the motor under continuous ballast supplementing operation by setting a ballast falling valve, and realizes accurate positioning of the ballast falling during ballast supplementing backfilling by setting a lead screw module to perform horizontal compensation on the offset of the pick hole, so as to meet the ballast supplementing requirement of curve operation.

[0087] (4) The track line automatic ballast supplementing operation method described in the embodiment of the present application sets a plug valve between the ballast hopper and the conveying mechanism to control the ballasts in the ballast hopper to fall to the conveying mechanism, and when the belt conveyor or the system needs to be maintained due to a fault, the plug and the pin shaft rotating door can be closed to close the ballast outlet of the ballast hopper, so that the ballasts cannot slide out during the maintenance operation, and the safety of the ballast supplementing operation is greatly improved.

[0088] The embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0089] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Although the present application has been disclosed as the above preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present application, or modify equivalent embodiments, without departing from the spirit and technical solution of the present application, by using the disclosed method and technical content. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments made according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the technical solution of the present application, still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of automatically filling ballast for a track line, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: The track engineering working vehicle (300) continuously travels, when the ballast drop port (24) is located directly above the pick hole (60), the control device (400) outputs a trigger signal to control the valve driving mechanism (9) to drive the ballast valve (6) to open, the ballast (200) falls into the pick hole (60) from the ballast drop hopper (5), and the ballast valve (6) is closed after the ballast dropping is completed; the control device (400) simultaneously infers the distance of the next four pick holes (60) according to the interval of the next group of sleepers (40) measured by the front detection device (500), calculates the time required to pass the next four pick holes (60) according to the speed of the working vehicle, and automatically adjusts the rotating speed of the first power mechanism (7); the ballast (200) in the ballast hopper (1) is transmitted into the ballast distribution hopper (4) through the conveying mechanism (3), and then falls into the ballast drop hopper (5), until the ballast drop hopper (5) passes above the next four pick holes (60), the control device (400) outputs a trigger signal to control the ballast valve (6) to open, and the next ballast supplement operation is performed; the above steps are repeated to realize the automatic and accurate ballast supplement of the track engineering working vehicle (300) during continuous travel; When the track engineering vehicle (300) is running towards the end, the spike (70) is detected first and then the ballast supplementing action is performed. The time when the detection device (500) detects the spike (70) each time is recorded as , , ; it is assumed that the structure comprehensive response delay time of the control device (400) and the automatic ballast supplementing device (100) is , the time when the ballast falling opening (24) is opened each time is recorded as , , and the speed of the vehicle when the ballast falling opening (24) is opened is . Therefore, when the ballast falling opening (24) reaches the middle of the sleeper (40) in front of the first spike (70), the following formula is satisfied: ； in, The distance from the detection device (500) to the ballast inlet (24) is the distance between the detection device (500) and the ballast outlet (24). To The speed of the vehicle at the end of the journey, The height from which the ballast (200) falls from the ballast outlet (24) to the pick pit (60), It is the acceleration due to gravity; A ballast hopper (1) for containing ballast (200) is mounted on the vehicle frame (10); a conveying mechanism (3) is arranged below the ballast hopper (1), and the ballast (200) in the ballast hopper (1) is quantitatively conveyed by controlling the transmission distance of the conveying mechanism (3); a ballast drop hopper (5) is arranged below the conveying mechanism (3), and the ballast (200) is controlled to fall and backfill into the pick hole (60), so that the ballast (200) is backfilled quantitatively at a time; A flap valve (2) is arranged between the ballast drop port (22) below the ballast hopper (1) and the conveying mechanism (3), and is used to control the ballast (200) in the ballast hopper (1) to fall into the conveying mechanism (3); The conveying mechanism (3) adopts a belt conveying mode and comprises a first power mechanism (7), a speed reduction mechanism (8), a belt (25) and a roller (26); the first power mechanism (7) drives the speed reduction mechanism (8), and then drives the belt (25) to roll, and the roller (26) is used for power transmission for the rolling of the belt (25); when the automatic ballast supplement device (100) needs to be maintained due to failure, the ballast drop port (23) of the flap valve (2) can be closed by closing the flap (19) and the rotating door (18), so that the ballast (200) does not slide out during the maintenance operation. The control device (400) controls the running speed of the belt (25), the working speed, and the cross-sectional area of the ballast outlet (22) of the ballast bucket (1) to achieve quantitative ballast supplement; when the ballast outlet (22) with a cross-sectional area of is arranged at the lower part of the ballast bucket (1), the running speed of the belt (25) is , the working speed is , the detection device (500) detects that the distance between two adjacent sleepers (40) is , the time to the next ballast supplement is , the running distance of the belt (25) during the period is , and the next ballast supplement amount is . During the ballast repair work , , As a quantitative measure, the control device (400) adjusts the speed of the operating vehicle according to the operating speed. The change was used to calculate the running speed of the belt (25). The running speed of the belt (25) is adjusted by the first power mechanism (7). ; Two identical inverted conical mouths are formed symmetrically in the lower part of the ballast bucket (1) in the transverse direction, and the mouths are connected to the ballast outlet (22) for the tamping bucket (60) beside the two rails (30); a plug valve (2) is arranged below each ballast outlet (22), and a conveying mechanism (3) is arranged below the plug valve (2); two ballast distribution buckets (4) are arranged below the conveying mechanism (3), and a ballast falling bucket (5) is arranged below each ballast distribution bucket (4); the arrangement of the ballast falling bucket (5) in the transverse direction corresponds to four tamping buckets (60) between each two sleepers (40); the ballast (200) quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism (3) is evenly divided into two parts by the ballast distribution bucket (4), and then falls into the tamping bucket (60) through the ballast falling bucket (5) and is backfilled. The plug valve (2) comprises a frame (17), a rotating door (18), a plug (19) and a second power mechanism (21); the plug (19) is arranged on one side of the hollow bottom of the frame (17), and the bottom of the frame (17) is partially closed by the plug (19); the rotating door (18) is movably arranged on the other side of the frame (17); the second power mechanism (21) is movably connected with the plug (19), and the plug (19) is moved along the length direction of the frame (17) by the second power mechanism (21); when the plug (19) and the rotating door (18) are in the open state, and the first power mechanism (7) drives the speed reducer (8) to rotate, the belt (25) conveys the ballast (200) from the ballast outlet (22), and the ballast (200) falls into the ballast distribution bucket (4) and is evenly divided into the ballast falling bucket (5) below; the distance of the belt (25) conveying is controlled by controlling the number of rotation of the first power mechanism (7), so that the single quantitative ballast taking is realized.

2. The track automatic ballast operation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ballast distribution bucket (4) is arranged between the conveying mechanism (3) and the ballast falling bucket (5), and is used for distributing the ballast (200) quantitatively conveyed by the conveying mechanism (3).

3. The track automatic ballast operation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ballast falling valve (6) is arranged below the ballast falling bucket (5), and the valve driving mechanism (9) is hingedly arranged between the ballast falling bucket (5) and the ballast falling valve (6); when the ballast outlet (24) of the ballast falling bucket (5) faces the upper part of the tamping bucket (60), the ballast falling valve (6) is opened under the pushing of the valve driving mechanism (9), and the ballast (200) falls into the tamping bucket (60); then, the ballast falling valve (6) is closed, and the ballast (200) continues to fall into the ballast distribution bucket (4) to repeat the next ballast filling operation.

4. The track automatic ballast operation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: A horizontal moving mechanism (11) is installed on the ballast distributing hopper (4), which includes a screw module (12) and a horizontal moving driving mechanism (13); the ballast falling hopper (5) is installed on the ballast distributing hopper (4) through a supporting roller (16), and a vertical limiting block (15) is arranged on the ballast distributing hopper (4); the ballast falling hopper (5) is connected with a sliding table of the screw module (12) through a horizontal push rod (14), the screw of the screw module (12) is driven to rotate by the horizontal moving driving mechanism (13), the sliding table is driven to move horizontally by the rotation of the screw, and the ballast falling hopper (5) is horizontally displaced by following the movement of the sliding table.

5. The track automatic ballast operation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the track is straight, the ballast falling hopper (5) is positioned at a central position by the screw module (12), and four ballast falling openings (24) are respectively located directly above the pick hole (60); when the track is curved, the pick hole deviation signal given by the front detection device (500) and the control device (400) is used to control the screw module (12) to drive the ballast falling hopper (5) to move horizontally to adjust the horizontal position, so that the ballast (200) can accurately fall into the pick hole (60).

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