A fatigue comparison and verification device and verification method for a crane hoisting system

Abstract

A fatigue comparison and verification device and verification method for a crane hoisting system, which includes a base for bearing, connecting and leveling, and also includes a console and a second pulley rope hole. The console is arranged at a position near one end of the base. A bench leg is installed at the top of the base. A hydraulic station is installed in the middle of the top of the base. A hydraulic pull rod is installed on one side of the hydraulic station. A tension pulley is installed at the top of the hydraulic pull rod. A upper bench is installed at the top of the bench leg. A fence is installed around the upper bench. A motor is installed at the top of one end of the upper bench. A drum rotating shaft is installed on one side of the motor through a coupling. A display screen is installed at the top of one end of the fence. Bearings are symmetrically installed on the drum rotating shaft of the coupling. A first test pulley is installed on one side of the upper bench near one end. The structure of the present invention is novel. The test bench is ingeniously designed, simple in structure and convenient to use, and can conduct multiple groups of comparative tests at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of contrast verification equipment, and particularly to a fatigue contrast verification equipment and verification method for a crane hoisting system. Background Art

[0002] In the 1950s, China introduced crane manufacturing technology from the Soviet Union and started manufacturing cranes. At that time, the whole country was in ruins and needed to be rebuilt, especially the priority was given to heavy industries such as steel mills, mines, and water conservancy projects. As large and heavy equipment, cranes played the role of material handling and lifting. So far, most people still only focus on the lifting capacity of cranes and pay little attention to the service life of the whole crane and its components.

[0003] In the design of cranes, according to experience, the diameter of the wire rope is selected based on the weight of the lifted load, and the diameters of the drum and pulley are selected based on the diameter of the wire rope to ensure their matching, so that the wire rope will not break due to premature bending fatigue. However, relying solely on empirical parameters to select the diameters of the drum and pulley based on the diameter of the wire rope is very arbitrary and cannot meet the accurate calculation and prediction of the service life. With the continuous development of crane automation and intelligence, as well as the requirements for durability, more and more universities and crane manufacturers have paid attention to the matching problem of crane drums, wire ropes, and pulleys. They have discussed the influence of different working levels, wire rope types, drum rope grooves, pulley materials, winding methods, groove shapes, operating conditions, rope entry angles, bending, etc. on the fatigue of the hoisting system in the form of papers, lectures, and even standards. However, the discussions and regulations are still based on experience and have not been verified through a large number of tests.

[0004] Currently, only wire rope manufacturers conduct static load tensile tests before the wire ropes leave the factory. This can only ensure the load-bearing capacity of the wire ropes themselves and cannot ensure the influence of friction, bending, wear, etc. between the wire ropes, drums, and pulleys on the service life. For wire ropes for important uses, there are also some bending fatigue test requirements at present. However, the bending test can only evaluate the bending fatigue of the wire ropes themselves and still cannot study the relationship between the wire ropes, drums, and pulleys, and thus has no guiding significance for the design of crane hoisting systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a fatigue comparison and verification device and a verification method for a crane hoisting system, effectively solving the problem that currently only wire rope manufacturing units conduct static load tensile tests before the wire ropes leave the factory, which can only ensure the load-bearing capacity of the wire ropes themselves and cannot ensure the influence of friction, bending, wear, etc. between the wire ropes, drums, and pulleys on their service lives. For wire ropes used for important purposes, there are currently some requirements for bending fatigue tests, but these bending tests can only assess the bending fatigue of the wire ropes themselves and still cannot study the relationship between the wire ropes, drums, and pulleys, and thus have no guiding significance for the design of the crane hoisting system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fatigue comparison and verification device for a crane hoisting system, comprising a base for bearing, connecting and leveling, and further comprising a console, a bench leg, a hydraulic station, a hydraulic pull rod, a tension pulley, an upper bench, a fence, a motor, a coupling, a display screen, a bearing, a first test pulley, a drum, a second test pulley, a transverse adjustment screw rod motor, a longitudinal adjustment screw rod motor, an alarm lamp, a left adjustment pulley, a sloping ladder, a vertical rod, a handrail, an encoder, a transverse adjustment screw rod, a longitudinal adjustment screw rod, a fence door, a steel wire rope, a right adjustment pulley, a transverse guide rail, a longitudinal guide rail, a first pulley rope hole, a drum rope hole, a transverse translation plate, a longitudinal translation plate, a pin shaft sensor and a second pulley rope hole. The console is arranged at a position close to one end of the base. The upper bench is supported and installed on the upper surface of the base through the bench legs. The hydraulic station is installed at the middle position of the upper surface of the base. A hydraulic pull rod is arranged on one side of the hydraulic station. The tension pulley is installed at the top end of the hydraulic pull rod. The fence is installed around the upper bench. The motor is installed on the upper surface of one end of the upper bench. A drum rotating shaft is installed on one side of the motor through a coupling. The display screen is installed at the top of one end of the fence. Bearings are symmetrically installed on the drum rotating shaft of the coupling. The first test pulley is installed on one side of the upper bench close to one end. The drum is arranged on the drum rotating shaft of the coupling. The second test pulley is installed on one side of the upper bench close to the other end. Two transverse guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the upper bench. A longitudinal translation plate is slidably connected to the transverse guide rails. Longitudinal adjustment screw rods are installed at both ends of the longitudinal translation plate. A transverse translation plate is slidably installed at the top end of the longitudinal translation plate. A transverse adjustment screw rod is installed in the middle of the transverse translation plate. The transverse adjustment screw rod motor is installed at one end of the transverse adjustment screw rod. The longitudinal adjustment screw rod motor is installed at the end of the longitudinal adjustment screw rod. The alarm lamp is installed on the top of the fence. The left adjustment pulley is installed on one side of the hydraulic pull rod. The right adjustment pulley is installed on the other side of the hydraulic pull rod. The sloping ladder is installed at one end of the base and the upper bench at the same time. The encoder is installed on the motor. The two ends of the steel wire rope are respectively fixed to both ends of the drum through rope head pressing plates. The longitudinal guide rail is arranged on the longitudinal translation plate. The drum rope hole is opened in the middle of the upper bench. The pin shaft sensor is hinged to the piston rod of the hydraulic pull rod and the side plate of the tension pulley. On both side edges of the sloping ladder, vertical rods are arranged, and a handrail is arranged at one end of each vertical rod.

[0008] Its further technical solution lies in that:

[0009] The middle part of the top end of the transverse translation plate is fixed to the bottom end of the bearing.

[0010] A fence door is arranged at a corner position of the fence.

[0011] Grooves are respectively opened at positions of the transverse translation plate corresponding to the longitudinal guide rail and positions of the longitudinal translation plate corresponding to the transverse guide rail.

[0012] A first pulley rope hole is provided at the position of the upper gantry corresponding to the first test pulley, and a second pulley rope hole is provided at the position of the upper gantry corresponding to the second test pulley.

[0013] A verification method for a fatigue comparison and verification device of a crane hoisting system includes the following operating steps:

[0014] Step 1: Preparation work. According to the diameter and length dimensions of the drum to be tested, adjust the transverse adjustment screw rod and the longitudinal adjustment screw rod to appropriate positions so that the drum can be supported and fixed.

[0015] Step 2: Connect the drum and the motor with a coupling.

[0016] Step 3: Install the first test pulley, the second test pulley, the left adjustment pulley, the right adjustment pulley and the tensioning pulley to appropriate positions according to the test plan.

[0017] Step 4: Install the upper gantry with bolts.

[0018] Step 5: Wire rope winding. First, fix one end of the wire rope to the right side of the drum through the rope head pressing plate, start the motor, rotate it clockwise forward, and wind the right side of the drum full; the wire rope presses over the first test pulley on the right side, passes through the right adjustment pulley, presses over the tensioning pulley, passes through the left adjustment pulley, presses over the second test pulley on the left side, and winds clockwise into the left side rope groove of the drum. The rope head is pressed at the left end through the rope head pressing plate. According to the actual test load Q and the number of wire ropes n, calculate the wire rope tension T = Q / n; measure the included angle θ of the stroke of the wire rope after passing around the tensioning pulley, then the thrust f that the hydraulic pull rod needs to apply is: f = 2Tcos(θ / 2).

[0019] Step 6: Operate the hydraulic station and the hydraulic pull rod through the console to apply the load f to the wire rope. According to the test plan, input the number of tests through the console. The motor rotates forward and backward 5 times each, and each time is greater than or equal to 3 minutes. Check whether the wire rope winding system is smooth, whether the hydraulic system works normally, whether the alarm lamp and the display screen are normal, whether the data is saved normally, whether the fixing and connection of each part are normal. Pre-test, the hydraulic pull rod is loaded to the rated value, the motor rotates forward and backward 5 times each, and each time is greater than or equal to 3 minutes. Check whether the wire rope winding system is smooth, whether the load is stable, whether it meets the theoretical requirements, whether the hydraulic system works normally, whether the alarm lamp and the display screen are normal, whether the data retention is normal, whether the fixing and connection of each part are normal. Normal test;

[0020] Step 7: Start the test system and conduct the test under specified working conditions. During the test, check the wear conditions of the wire rope, pulley, drum, and tension pulley at regular intervals according to the test plan. Stop the test when an unexpected situation occurs, a certain section reaches the specified failure, or after the specified time. Compare, measure, calculate, and study the wear of the wire rope, pulley, drum, and tension pulley in each section. After the test, loosen the rope head pressing plate at one end of the drum and rotate the drum in the rotation direction of the rope release at this end so that the wire rope is withdrawn from the adjusting pulley, tension pulley, and test pulley and completely wound onto the drum. Press this end onto the drum with the rope head pressing plate again, disconnect the coupling to separate the drum from the motor, open the upper end cover of the bearing, and remove the drum together with the wire rope as a whole;

[0021] Step 8: Complete all tests;

[0022] Step 9: For the next test, repeat the previous steps.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) Hydraulic pulling load application, no need for weights, and can achieve load application of any weight. Since the birth of cranes, the load tests of cranes have been achieved by lifting weights with the hoisting mechanism, which requires standard weight blocks. These weight blocks are large in volume, inconvenient to carry, and due to the fixed weight of the weights, it is inconvenient to achieve load application of any weight. Through the console, hydraulic station, hydraulic pull rod, pin shaft sensor, tension pulley, wire rope, etc., load application of any load on the wire rope can be realized, simulating any hoisting weight of any hoisting mechanism, and there is no need for the handling and combination of weights, which is convenient, efficient, and safe.

[0025] (2) Small vertical space requirement, no need for very high test bench and shaft, and low construction cost. For the load test of the hoisting mechanism of a crane, a certain hoisting height and weight height are required, so generally a very high test bench needs to be built, or the space extends underground, excavating very deep pits and shafts.

[0026] (3) Special-shaped winding system, with one system divided into different test sections. Both ends of the drum are processed into two different rope grooves, and different rope groove liners can be padded. The test pulley and others can be of different materials respectively. The left adjusting pulley, right adjusting pulley, and tension pulley can all be of different materials. In this way, the right half of the drum, wire rope, test pulley; wire rope, right adjusting pulley; wire rope, tension pulley; the left half of the drum, test pulley, wire rope; wire rope, left adjusting pulley; wire rope, tension pulley can form 6 different test sections and 6 test combinations.

[0027] (4) Several groups of specimens with different design parameters can be compared and verified simultaneously in one test. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation time of the motor to control the running distance of the wire rope, the running of the wire rope in different sections can be controlled, so as to verify the influence of drum parameters and pulley parameters on the service life of the wire rope, pulley and drum under different test combination conditions. The data obtained in the same test is more comparable.

[0028] (5) Two-dimensional translation adjustment of the bearing fulcrum to adapt to drum size tests of different sizes. Through the lead screw mechanism for horizontal and vertical adjustment, the fulcrum position of the drum bearing can be adjusted to adapt to tests with different drum diameters and drum lengths.

[0029] (6) Safe and reliable, avoiding the risk of weight falling. Since the hydraulic system is used for loading and no weights are required, the risk of weight falling due to the failure and fracture of the wire rope is avoided.

[0030] (7) High-speed loading can be achieved. The wire rope is an elastic system. In the traditional weight test method, due to the inertia of the weight during start-up and stop, the system is impacted and overloaded, so the hoisting speed during the test cannot be too high. In the test system of this patent, the wire rope is always tensioned, and there is no load impact during the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, which is suitable for high-speed tests.

[0031] (8) High test efficiency. Since there is no need for the handling, combination and hoisting of weights, the test system can run at high speed, so the test efficiency is high.

[0032] (9) No foundation is required, it can be placed flexibly and moved conveniently. The test system is integrated on a base, which can be hoisted and moved as a whole, does not require a fixed place, does not require foundation construction, and does not need to occupy a fixed place. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the wire rope winding structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the longitudinal translation plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the horizontal adjustment lead screw motor of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 is the top view of the upper platform of the present invention;

[0040] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, base; 2, control console; 3, platform leg; 4, hydraulic station; 5, hydraulic pull rod; 6, tension pulley; 7, upper platform; 8, fence; 9, motor; 10, coupling; 11, display screen; 12, bearing; 13, first test pulley; 14, drum; 15, second test pulley; 16, horizontal adjustment screw rod motor; 17, vertical adjustment screw rod motor; 18, alarm lamp; 19, left adjustment pulley; 20, inclined ladder; 21, vertical pole; 22, handrail; 23, encoder; 24, horizontal adjustment screw rod; 25, vertical adjustment screw rod; 26, fence door; 27, steel wire rope; 28, right adjustment pulley; 29, horizontal guide rail; 30, vertical guide rail; 31, first pulley rope hole; 32, drum rope hole; 33, horizontal translation plate; 34, vertical translation plate; 35, pin shaft sensor; 36, second pulley rope hole. Specific embodiments

[0041] The following further elaborates on the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-6 drawings.

[0042] Embodiment 1, consists of Figures 1-6Given that, the present invention provides a fatigue comparison verification device and verification method for a crane hoisting system, including a base 1 for bearing, connecting and leveling, and further including a console 2, a bench leg 3, a hydraulic station 4, a hydraulic pull rod 5, a tension pulley 6, an upper bench 7, a fence 8, a motor 9, a coupling 10, a display screen 11, a bearing 12, a first test pulley 13, a drum 14, a second test pulley 15, a transverse adjustment screw rod motor 16, a longitudinal adjustment screw rod motor 17, an alarm lamp 18, a left adjustment pulley 19, an inclined ladder 20, a vertical rod 21, a handrail 22, an encoder 23, a transverse adjustment screw rod 24, a longitudinal adjustment screw rod 25, a fence door 26, a steel wire rope 27, a right adjustment pulley 28, a transverse guide rail 29, a longitudinal guide rail 30, a first pulley rope hole 31, a drum rope hole 32, a transverse translation plate 33, a longitudinal translation plate 34, a pin shaft sensor 35 and a second pulley rope hole 36. A console 2 is provided at a position near one end of the base 1. Bench legs 3 are installed at the top of the base 1. A hydraulic station 4 is installed in the middle of the top of the base 1. A hydraulic pull rod 5 is installed on one side of the hydraulic station 4. A tension pulley 6 is installed at the top of the hydraulic pull rod 5. An upper bench 7 is installed at the top of the bench leg 3. A fence 8 is installed around the upper bench 7. A motor 9 is installed at the top of one end of the upper bench 7. A drum rotating shaft is installed on one side of the motor 9 through a coupling 10. A display screen 11 is installed at the top of one end of the fence 8. Bearings 12 are symmetrically installed on the drum rotating shaft of the coupling 10. A first test pulley 13 is installed on one side near one end of the upper bench 7. A drum 14 is provided on the drum rotating shaft of the coupling 10. A second test pulley 15 is installed on one side near the other end of the upper bench 7. Two transverse guide rails 29 are symmetrically provided on the upper bench 7. A longitudinal translation plate 34 is slidably connected to the transverse guide rail 29. Longitudinal adjustment screw rods 25 are installed at positions near both ends of the longitudinal translation plate 34. A transverse translation plate 33 is slidably installed at the top of the longitudinal translation plate 34. A transverse adjustment screw rod 24 is installed in the middle of the transverse translation plate 33. A transverse adjustment screw rod motor 16 is installed at one end of the transverse adjustment screw rod 24. A longitudinal adjustment screw rod motor 17 is installed at one end of the longitudinal adjustment screw rod 25. An alarm lamp 18 is installed at the top of the other end of the fence 8. A left adjustment pulley 19 is installed on one side of the hydraulic pull rod 5. A right adjustment pulley 28 is installed on the other side of the hydraulic pull rod 5. An inclined ladder 20 is installed at one end of the base 1 and the upper bench 7. An encoder 23 is installed on one side of the motor 9. Both ends of the steel wire rope 27 are fixed to both ends of the drum 14 through rope head pressing plates. A longitudinal guide rail 30 is provided on the longitudinal translation plate 34. A drum rope hole 32 is opened in the middle of the upper bench 7. The pin shaft sensor 35 is hinged to the piston rod of the hydraulic pull rod 5 and the side plate of the tension pulley 6.

[0043] Persons in the art shall connect all the electrical components in this case to their adapted power supplies through wires, and appropriate controllers and encoders shall be selected according to the actual situation to meet the control requirements. For the specific connection and control sequence, reference shall be made to the sequence of operations among the electrical components in the following working principle to complete the electrical connection. The detailed connection means are well-known techniques in the art. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process, and no further description of electrical control will be given.

[0044] During specific use: When the present invention is in use, according to the diameter and length dimensions of the drum 14 to be tested, adjust the transverse adjustment lead screw 16 and the longitudinal adjustment lead screw 17 to appropriate positions so that the bearing 12 of the drum 14 can be fixed. Fix the drum 14, connect the drum 14 and the motor 9 with the coupling 10. According to the test plan, install the first test pulley 13, the second test pulley 15, the left adjustment pulley 19, the right adjustment pulley 28 and the tensioning pulley 6 to appropriate positions, and fix them on the upper frame 7 and the base 1 with bolts. Wind the steel wire rope 27. First, fix one end of the steel wire rope 27 on the right side of the drum 14 through the rope end pressing plate. Start the motor 9 and rotate it clockwise forward to wind the right side drum full; the steel wire rope 27 presses over the first test pulley 13 on the right side, passes through the right adjustment pulley 28, presses over the tensioning pulley 6, passes through the left adjustment pulley 19, presses over the second test pulley 15 on the left side, and winds clockwise into the left side rope groove of the drum 14. The rope end is pressed on the left side end through the rope end pressing plate. According to the actual test load Q and the number of steel wire ropes n, calculate the steel wire rope tension T = Q / n; measure the included angle θ of the stroke of the steel wire rope after passing around the tensioning pulley, then the thrust f that the hydraulic pull rod needs to apply is: f = 2Tcos(θ / 2). Operate the hydraulic station 4 and the hydraulic pull rod 5 through the console to apply the load f to the steel wire rope. According to the test plan, input the number of tests through the console 2. The motor 9 rotates forward and backward 5 times each, and each time is not less than 3 minutes. Check whether the winding system of the steel wire rope 27 is smooth, whether the hydraulic system works normally, whether the alarm lamp and the display screen are normal, whether the data saving is normal, and whether the fixation and connection of each part are normal. For the pre-test, the hydraulic pull rod 5 is loaded to the rated value, and the motor 9 rotates forward and backward 5 times each, and each time is not less than 3 minutes. Check whether the winding system of the steel wire rope 27 is smooth, whether the load is stable, whether it meets the theoretical requirements, whether the hydraulic system works normally, whether the alarm lamp and the display screen are normal, whether the data retention is normal, and whether the fixation and connection of each part are normal. For the normal test. Start the test system and conduct the test according to the specified working conditions. During the test process, check the wear conditions of the steel wire rope 27, the pulleys, the drum 14, and the tensioning pulley 6 at regular intervals according to the test plan. When an unexpected situation occurs or a certain section reaches the specified failure, or after reaching the specified time, stop the test. Compare, measure, calculate and study the wear of the steel wire rope 27, the pulleys, the drum 14, and the tensioning pulley 6 in each section. After the test, loosen the rope end pressing plate at one end of the drum 14, and rotate the drum 14 in the rotating direction of the rope release at this end so that the steel wire rope 27 is withdrawn from the adjustment pulley, the tensioning pulley 6, and the test pulley and completely wound onto the drum 14. Press this end on the drum 14 again with the rope end pressing plate, disconnect the coupling 10 to disconnect the drum from the motor 9, open the upper end cover of the bearing 12, and remove the drum 14 together with the steel wire rope 27 as a whole to complete all the tests; for the next test, repeat the previous steps.

[0045] Beneficial effects: (1) Hydraulic pulling load application, no need for weights, and can achieve load application of any weight. Since the birth of cranes, the load tests of cranes have been achieved by hoisting weights with the hoisting mechanism. This requires standard weight blocks, which are large in volume, inconvenient to handle, and since the weights are of fixed weight, it is inconvenient to achieve load application of any weight. Through the control console 2, hydraulic station 4, hydraulic pull rod 5, pin shaft sensor 35, tension pulley 6, wire rope 27, etc., load application of any load on the wire rope 27 can be achieved, simulating any hoisting weight of any hoisting mechanism, and without the handling and combination of weights, which is convenient, efficient, and safe.

[0046] (2) Small vertical space requirement, no need for very high test bench frames and shafts, and low construction cost. For the load test of the hoisting mechanism of cranes, a certain hoisting height and weight height are required, so generally very high test bench frames need to be built, or the space extends underground, excavating very deep pits and shafts.

[0047] (3) Special-shaped winding system, with one system divided into different test sections. Both ends of the drum 14 are processed into two different rope grooves, and different rope groove liners can be lined. The test pulleys 13 and 15 can be of different materials respectively. The left adjusting pulley 19, right adjusting pulley 28, and tension pulley 6 can all be of different materials. In this way, the right half of the drum 14, wire rope 27, first test pulley 13; wire rope 27, right adjusting pulley 28; wire rope 27, tension pulley 6; the left half of the drum 14, second test pulley 15, wire rope 27; wire rope 27, left adjusting pulley 19; wire rope 27, tension pulley 6 can form 6 different test sections and 6 test combinations.

[0048] (4) Several specimens with different design parameters can be compared and verified simultaneously in one test. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation time of the motor 9 to control the running distance of the wire rope 27, the running of the wire rope in different sections can be controlled, so as to verify the influence of drum parameters and pulley parameters on the service life of wire ropes, pulleys, and drums under different test combination conditions, and the data obtained in the same test is more comparable.

[0049] (5) Two-dimensional translation adjustment of bearing supports to adapt to drum size tests of different sizes. Through the lead screw mechanism for horizontal and vertical adjustment, the support position of the drum bearings can be adjusted to adapt to tests of different drum diameters and drum lengths.

[0050] (6) Safe and reliable, avoiding the risk of weight falling. Since the hydraulic system is used for load application and no weights are needed, the risk of weight falling due to the failure and fracture of the wire rope is avoided.

[0051] (7) It can be loaded at high speed. The steel wire rope is an elastic system. In the traditional weight test method, due to the inertia of the weights during startup and stop, the system is subject to impact overload, so the hoisting speed during the test cannot be too high. In the test system of this patent, the steel wire rope is always taut, and there is no load impact during the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, which is suitable for high-speed testing.

[0052] (8) High test efficiency. Since there is no need to handle, combine, and hoist the weights, the test system can run at high speed, so the test efficiency is high.

[0053] (9) No foundation is required, it can be placed flexibly and moved conveniently. The test system is integrated on a base 1 and can be hoisted and moved as a whole. It does not need to be fixed in place, does not require foundation construction, and does not need to occupy a fixed place.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] In Embodiment 1, the safety of the inclined ladder 20 during use is insufficient. Referring to Figure 1 , as another preferred embodiment, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that vertical rods 21 are provided at the two side edges of the inclined ladder 20, and handrails 22 are provided at one ends of the vertical rods 21 to improve the safety performance of the inclined ladder 20 during use.

[0056] Embodiment 3

[0057] In Embodiment 1, the installation and use of the bearing 12 are inconvenient. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , as another preferred embodiment, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the middle part of the top end of the horizontal translation plate 33 is fixed to the bottom end of the bearing 12, which is convenient for the installation and use of the bearing 12.

[0058] Embodiment 4

[0059] In Embodiment 1, the protection of the fence 8 is insufficient. Referring to Figure 2 , as another preferred embodiment, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that a fence door 26 is provided at a corner position of the fence 8 to ensure the protection performance and passability of the fence 8.

[0060] Embodiment 5

[0061] In Embodiment 1, the cooperation between the horizontal translation plate 33 and the longitudinal guide rail 30 and between the longitudinal translation plate 34 and the horizontal guide rail 29 is inconvenient. Referring to Figure 1 , as another preferred embodiment, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that grooves are provided at the positions of the horizontal translation plate 33 corresponding to the longitudinal guide rail 30 and the longitudinal translation plate 34 corresponding to the horizontal guide rail 29, which is convenient for the sliding cooperation between the horizontal translation plate 33 and the longitudinal guide rail 30 and between the longitudinal translation plate 34 and the horizontal guide rail 29.

[0062] Embodiment 6

[0063] In the first embodiment, the first test pulley 13 and the second test pulley 15 are inconvenient to use. Refer to Figure 6 , as another preferred embodiment, different from the first embodiment, a first pulley rope hole 31 is provided at the position of the upper gantry 7 corresponding to the first test pulley 13, and a second pulley rope hole 36 is provided at the position of the upper gantry 7 corresponding to the second test pulley 15, facilitating the passage of the steel wire rope 27 when the first test pulley 13 and the second test pulley 15 are used.

[0064] Base 1, a rectangular steel plate, which serves to carry, connect and level, and is used to fix the left adjusting pulley 19, right adjusting pulley 28, hydraulic pull rod 5, hydraulic station 4, control console 2, bench leg 3, and inclined ladder 20; Control console 2, with a box structure, has electrical control equipment arranged at the lower part and an operation display screen at the upper part, and is used to control the hydraulic station 4, motor 9, and collect and process the signals of the pin shaft sensor 35 and the encoder 23, and control the output signals to the display screen 11 and the control alarm lamp 18; Bench leg 3, with an L-shaped angle steel structure, is symmetric in four, the upper part is connected to the upper bench 7 by welding, and the lower part is connected to the lower bench 1 by welding, which serves to support and stabilize the upper bench 7; Hydraulic station 4, controls the hydraulic pull rod 5, responds to the instructions of the control console 2, and performs pushing and pulling movements; Hydraulic pull rod 5, composed of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder and a piston rod, is used to adjust the height of the tensioning pulley 6 so as to adjust the tension of the wire rope 27. The lower end of the hydraulic pull rod 5 is fixed on the base 1 by anchor bolts, and the upper part is connected to the side plate of the tensioning pulley 6 through the pin shaft sensor 35; Tensioning pulley 6, which is also a fixed pulley, is connected to the hydraulic pull rod 5 through the side plate and the pin shaft sensor 35, and is used to tension the wire rope 27 and apply a certain load to the wire rope 27 according to the test load; Upper bench 7, a hollow rectangular steel plate, which serves to carry, connect and level, the lower part is supported by four bench legs 3, the fence 8 is welded around, a rectangular drum rope hole 32 is opened in the middle, pulley rope holes 1 and 36 are opened on the side, and longitudinal guide rails 30 are arranged, and it also serves as a support platform for the motor 9 and the longitudinal adjustment screw motor; Fence 8, welded by circular steel pipes, the bottom is welded on the upper surface around the upper bench 7, which serves as a safety protection, and the alarm lamp 18 and the display screen 11 are fixed on the upper part; Motor 9, an integrated speed reduction and braking motor composed of a motor, a speed reducer, and a brake, the lower part is fixed on the upper bench 7 by base bolts, is connected to the drum 14 through the coupling 10, drives the drum 14 to rotate, and decelerates and stops when needed; Coupling 10, connects the motor 9 and the drum 14, and serves to connect, buffer, transmit torque and maintain coaxiality; Display screen 11, installed on the top of the fence 8, is used to display the operation parameter information of the test system; Bearings 12, symmetric left and right, support the shaft of the drum 14, and the lower part is on the bolted horizontal translation plate 33; 13. Test pulley 1, a test pulley designed according to the test conditions, is installed on the upper bench 7 through the pulley side plate, is located in the right half of the drum 14, and forms a test system with the right half of the drum 14 and the right half of the wire rope 27; Drum 14, the middle part is smooth, the left and right parts are processed into special-shaped rope grooves, the two ends are supported by bearings 12, and the two ends of the wire rope 27 are fixed at the drum ends through rope head pressing plates; 15. Test pulley 2, a test pulley designed according to the test conditions, is installed on the upper bench 7 through the pulley side plate, is located in the left half of the drum 14, and forms a test system with the left half of the drum 14 and the left half of the wire rope 27;The horizontal adjustment lead screw motor 16 drives the horizontal translation plate 33 to move by rotating the horizontal adjustment lead screw 24, adjusts the position of the drum 14 on the drum rope hole 32, and is convenient for the installation of the bearing 12 and the installation of drums with different diameters; the vertical adjustment lead screw motor 17 drives the vertical adjustment lead screw 25 to rotate, drives the vertical translation plate 34 to move, adjusts the distance between the two bearings 12, and is convenient for the installation of drums with different lengths; the alarm etc. 18, the working indicator light, flashes during operation, indicating that the test is in progress and personnel should pay attention to safety; the left adjustment pulley 19 is on the left side of the displacement base 1 and functions to adjust the direction and angle of the steel wire rope 27; the inclined ladder 20 is connected to the upper platform 7 at the upper end and the base 1 at the lower end, with a rectangular flat tread welded in the middle and vertical rods 21 welded on the outside, for the convenience of personnel to get on and off; the vertical rod 21 is a circular steel pipe, welded to the outside of the inclined ladder 20 at the lower part and the handrail 22 at the upper part, for preventing personnel from falling; the handrail 22 is a circular steel pipe, welded to the top of the vertical rod 21, for personnel to hold; the encoder 23 is an optoelectronic selection encoder, at the tail of the displacement motor 9, for detecting the speed and number of revolutions of the motor 9 in real time, and calculating the total number of test runs and whether the motor 9 should rotate forward or backward through the console 2; the horizontal adjustment lead screw 24 rotates under the drive of the horizontal adjustment lead screw motor 16, drives the horizontal translation plate 33 to move, adjusts the position of the drum 14 on the drum rope hole 32, and is convenient for the installation of the bearing 12 and the installation of drums with different diameters; the vertical adjustment lead screw 25 rotates under the drive of the vertical adjustment lead screw motor 17, drives the vertical translation plate 34 to move, adjusts the distance between the two bearings 12, and is convenient for the installation of drums with different lengths; the fence door 26 is an opening on the upper platform of the fence 8, for the convenience of personnel to enter and exit; the steel wire rope 27 is fixed at both ends of the drum 14 through rope head pressing plates respectively, is wound around the rope grooves of the drum 14 in a forward and reverse winding manner respectively, and forms a head-to-tail connected winding system through the first test pulley 13, the right adjustment pulley 28, the tension pulley 6, the left adjustment pulley 19, and the second test pulley 15; the right adjustment pulley 28 is on the right side of the base 1 and functions to adjust the direction and angle of the steel wire rope 27; the horizontal guide rail 29 is fixed on the vertical translation plate 34 by bolts, is horizontally arranged at both ends of the drum 14, guides the horizontal translation plate 33, and cooperates with the horizontal adjustment lead screw 24 to move back and forth to adjust the position of the drum 14 on the drum rope hole 32; the vertical guide rail 30 is fixed on the upper platform machine 7 by bolts, is vertically arranged on both sides of the drum 14, guides the vertical translation plate 34, adjusts the distance between the two bearings 12, and is convenient for the installation of drums with different lengths, 31 pulley rope hole 1 is a longitudinal rectangular hole opened on the upper platform 7, for the steel wire rope 27 to enter and exit, on the right side of the displacement upper platform 7 and the back of the drum 14; the drum rope hole 32 is a rectangular hole opened in the middle of the upper platform 7, for the convenience of the steel wire rope 27 to enter and exit; the horizontal translation plate 33 is a rectangular plate, with the bearing 12 fixed on it, and has a threaded hole in the middle, which cooperates with the horizontal adjustment lead screw 24;The longitudinal translation plate 34 is a rectangular plate on which the transverse guide rail 29 is fixed. A threaded hole is provided in the center to accommodate the longitudinal adjustment screw 25. The pin sensor 35 is a force sensor with a pin structure. It articulates the piston rod of the hydraulic pull rod 5 and the side plate of the tensioning pulley 6. It detects the pulling force in real time, thereby detecting the tension of the wire rope 27. The tension data is transmitted to the console 2 and displayed on the display 11. If the test system operates for a long time and the tension of the wire rope 27 decreases, the console 2 controls the activation of the hydraulic station 4 and activates the hydraulic pull rod 5, applying appropriate pulling force to maintain the tension of the wire rope 27 at the set value. The pulley rope hole 36 is a longitudinal rectangular hole provided in the upper platform 7 to allow the wire rope 27 to enter and exit. It is located on the left side of the upper platform 7, in front of the drum 14.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fatigue comparison and verification device for a crane hoisting system, comprising a base (1) for bearing, connecting and leveling, characterized in that: It also includes a console (2), a bench leg (3), a hydraulic station (4), a hydraulic tie rod (5), a tension pulley (6), an upper bench (7), a fence (8), a motor (9), a coupling (10), a display screen (11), a bearing (12), a first test pulley (13), a drum (14), a second test pulley (15), a transverse adjustment screw rod motor (16), a longitudinal adjustment screw rod motor (17), an alarm lamp (18), a left adjustment pulley (19), an inclined ladder (20), a vertical pole (21), a handrail (22), an encoder (23), a transverse adjustment screw rod (24), a longitudinal adjustment screw rod (25), a fence door (26), a steel wire rope (27), a right adjustment pulley (28), a transverse guide rail (29), a longitudinal guide rail (30), a first pulley rope hole (31), a drum rope hole (32), a transverse translation plate (33), a longitudinal translation plate (34), a pin shaft sensor (35) and a second pulley rope hole (36). The console (2) is arranged at a position near one end of the base (1). The upper bench (7) is supported and installed on the upper surface of the base (1) through the bench legs (3). The hydraulic station (4) is installed at the middle position of the upper surface of the base (1). The hydraulic tie rod (5) is arranged on one side of the hydraulic station (4). The tension pulley (6) is installed at the top end of the hydraulic tie rod (5). The fence (8) is installed around the upper bench (7). The motor (9) is installed on the upper surface of one end of the upper bench (7). A drum rotating shaft is installed on one side of the motor (9) through the coupling (10). The display screen (11) is installed at the top of one end of the fence (8). The bearings (12) are symmetrically installed on the drum rotating shaft of the coupling (10). The first test pulley (13) is installed on one side of the upper bench (7) near one end. The drum (14) is arranged on the drum rotating shaft of the coupling (10). The second test pulley (15) is installed on one side of the upper bench (7) near the other end. Two transverse guide rails (29) are symmetrically arranged on the upper bench (7). The longitudinal translation plate (34) is slidably connected to the transverse guide rails (29). The longitudinal adjustment screw rods (25) are installed at both ends of the longitudinal translation plate (34). The transverse translation plate (33) is slidably installed at the top end of the longitudinal translation plate (34). The transverse adjustment screw rod (24) is installed in the middle of the transverse translation plate (33). The transverse adjustment screw rod motor (16) is installed at one end of the transverse adjustment screw rod (24). The longitudinal adjustment screw rod motor (17) is installed at the end of the longitudinal adjustment screw rod (25). The alarm lamp (18) is installed at the top of the fence (8). The left adjustment pulley (19) is installed on one side of the hydraulic tie rod (5). The right adjustment pulley (28) is installed on the other side of the hydraulic tie rod (5). The inclined ladder (20) is installed at one end of the base (1) and the upper bench (7) at the same time. The encoder (23) is installed on the motor (9). The two ends of the steel wire rope (27) are respectively fixed to both ends of the drum (14) through rope head pressing plates. The longitudinal guide rail (30) is arranged on the longitudinal translation plate (34). The drum rope hole (32) is opened in the middle of the upper bench (7).The pin shaft sensor (35) is hinged to the piston rod of the hydraulic pull rod (5) and the side plate of the tension pulley (6); vertical rods (21) are arranged at both side edges of the inclined ladder (20), and a handrail (22) is arranged at one end of the vertical rod (21); the middle part of the top end of the transverse translation plate (33) is fixed to the bottom end of the bearing (12).

2. The fatigue comparison and verification device for a crane hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fence door (26) is provided at a corner of the fence (8).

3. The fatigue comparison and verification device for a crane hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Grooves are provided at positions of the transverse translation plate (33) corresponding to the longitudinal guide rails (30) and at positions of the longitudinal translation plate (34) corresponding to the transverse guide rails (29).

4. A fatigue comparison and verification device for a crane hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first pulley rope hole (31) is provided at a position of the upper stage frame (7) corresponding to the first test pulley (13), and a second pulley rope hole (36) is provided at a position of the upper stage frame (7) corresponding to the second test pulley (15).

5. A verification method for a fatigue comparison and verification device of a crane hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following operation steps: Step 1: Preparation work. According to the diameter and length dimensions of the drum (14) to be tested, adjust the transverse adjustment screw rod (16) and the longitudinal adjustment screw rod (17) so that the drum (14) can be supported and fixed. Step 2: Connect the drum (14) and the motor (9) with a coupling (10). Step 3: According to the test plan, install the first test pulley (13), the second test pulley (15), the left adjustment pulley (19), the right adjustment pulley (28), and the tension pulley (6) in place. Step 4: Install the upper stage frame (1) with bolts. Step 5: Wire rope (27) winding. First, fix one end of the wire rope (27) to the right side of the drum (14) through a rope head pressing plate, start the motor (9), rotate clockwise forward, and wind the right side of the drum; the wire rope (27) presses over the first test pulley (13) on the right side, passes through the right adjustment pulley (28), presses over the tension pulley (6), passes through the left adjustment pulley (19), presses over the second test pulley (15) on the left side, and winds clockwise in the left side rope groove of the drum (14). The rope head is pressed at the left end through a rope head pressing plate. According to the actual test load Q and the number of wire rope strands n, calculate the wire rope tension T = Q / n; measure the included angle θ of the wire rope travel after passing around the tension pulley, then the thrust f that the hydraulic pull rod needs to apply is: f = 2Tcos(θ / 2). Step 6: Operate the hydraulic station (4) and the hydraulic pull rod (5) through the console, apply the load f to the wire rope. According to the test plan, input the number of tests through the console (2). The motor (9) rotates forward and backward 5 times each, each time for at least 3 minutes. Check whether the wire rope (27) winding system is smooth, whether the hydraulic system works normally, whether the alarm lamp and the display screen are normal, whether the data is saved normally, whether the fixation and connection of each part are normal, pre-test. The hydraulic pull rod (5) is loaded to the rated value, the motor (9) rotates forward and backward 5 times each, each time for at least 3 minutes. Check whether the wire rope (27) winding system is smooth, whether the load is stable, whether it meets the theoretical requirements, whether the hydraulic system works normally, whether the alarm lamp and the display screen are normal, whether the data retention is normal, whether the fixation and connection of each part are normal, normal test. Step 7: Start the test system and conduct the test under specified working conditions. During the test, check the wear conditions of the wire rope (27), pulley, drum (14), and tensioning pulley (6) at regular intervals according to the test plan. When an unexpected situation occurs, or a certain section reaches the specified failure, or after the specified time, stop the test. Compare, measure, calculate, and study the wear of the wire rope (27), pulley, drum (14), and tensioning pulley (6) in each section. After the test, loosen the rope head pressing plate at one end of the drum (14), and rotate the drum (14) in the rotating direction of the rope release at this end, so that the wire rope (27) is pulled out from the adjusting pulley, tensioning pulley (6), and test pulley, and completely wound onto the drum (14). Re-press this end on the drum (14) with the rope head pressing plate, disconnect the coupling (10), separate the drum from the motor (9), open the upper end cover of the bearing (12), and remove the drum (14) together with the wire rope (27) as a whole; Step 8: Complete all tests; Step 9: For the next test, repeat the previous steps.

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