Compression device and filling station comprising such a device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fluid compression device (1) comprising a first compression chamber (3) and a second compression chamber (4), an intake system (2) communicating with the first compression chamber (3), a transfer system (6) communicating with the first compression chamber (3) and the second compression chamber (4), and a mobile piston (5) for ensuring the compression of the fluid in the first compression chamber (3) and in the second compression chamber (4). The device (1) further comprises a discharge orifice (7) communicating with the second compression chamber (4) and configured to allow the exit of the compressed fluid, wherein the second compression chamber (4) is delimited by a portion of the body of the piston (5) and by a fixed wall of the device, the piston (5) being translatable according to a longitudinal direction (A), the piston (5) having a tubular portion mounted around a fixed central guide (8), the extremity of the central guide (8) forming the fixed wall delimiting a portion of the second compression chamber (4). The device (1) further comprises a sealing system (10) formed between the central guide (8) and the piston according to the longitudinal direction (A) of translation of the piston (5), the intake system (2) being located at a first end of the device (1), the discharge orifice (7) being located at a second end of the device, and the transfer system (6) being located between the intake system (2) and the discharge orifice (7).

Description

[0001] This invention relates to a cryogenic fluid compression device and a filling station including such device.

[0002] More specifically, the present invention relates to a fluid compression device having multiple compression stages, the fluid compression device comprising a first compression chamber, a second compression chamber, an inlet system communicating with the first compression chamber and configured to allow fluid to be compressed to enter the first compression chamber, a delivery system communicating with the first and second compression chambers and configured to allow fluid to be delivered from the first compression chamber to the second compression chamber, a movable piston for ensuring compression of fluid in the first and second compression chambers, the device further comprising a discharge port communicating with the second compression chamber and configured to allow compressed fluid to exit, the second compression chamber being defined by a portion of the piston body and a fixed wall of the device, the piston being translatable in the longitudinal direction.

[0003] The present invention particularly relates to an apparatus for compressing or pumping cryogenic gases and / or liquids.

[0004] In the following text, the terms "compression equipment" and "pump" are used interchangeably, as are the terms "pumping" and "compression." Specifically, the equipment that is the subject of this invention is an apparatus for pumping and / or compressing liquids and / or gases and / or supercritical cryogenic fluids.

[0005] Cryogenic fluids have a much higher density than gaseous fluids. Therefore, cryogenic pumps (compared to gas compressors) offer higher mass flow rates, smaller size, consume less energy, and require less maintenance. Consequently, cryogenic pumps are used in many fields, such as devices for separating gases from air, reformers, filling stations, and the maritime industry.

[0006] The fluids discussed generally include oxygen, nitrogen, natural gas, argon, helium, or hydrogen. These compression devices (or pumps) are capable of pressurizing cryogenic fluids to a target flow rate.

[0007] For example, the cryogenic piston pump can be placed directly in a straight line at the outlet of the cryogenic source storage tank or placed in a dedicated cryogenic bath (also known as a "storage tank") located next to it, and is directly supplied by the main storage tank.

[0008] For various reasons, especially for ease of maintenance and design, cryogenic pumps typically exhibit reciprocating motion and are inserted into a tank to be submerged in the cryogenic fluid to be pumped.

[0009] Depending on the application, cryogenic pumps typically have inlet pressures of 1 to 12 bar and outlet pressures of 20 to 1000 bar. Pumps can utilize reciprocating motion and have one or more compression stages.

[0010] A mechanism with two compression stages is generally preferred because it allows for separation of the inlet stage (during which the fluid density needs to be as high as possible, and therefore the temperature as low as possible) from the pressurization stage (during which a large amount of heat may be generated that is detrimental to the method). Key performance indicators for cryogenic piston pumps are: volumetric efficiency, evaporation loss, energy consumption, footprint, and durability.

[0011] Therefore, the key characteristics of a reciprocating cryogenic pump should be:

[0012] -Enter at the highest possible density,

[0013] - Excellent thermal insulation relative to the environment.

[0014] - Minimal dead zone volume (therefore high compression ratio),

[0015] - A simple and robust setup for achieving rapid maintenance and high reliability.

[0016] -Evaporation loss is well controlled to limit its impact.

[0017] Document US 7410348 describes a horizontal piston pump with two compression stages and axial inlet and radial outlet via a check valve. This configuration exhibits a large dead zone volume. Furthermore, leakage losses are relatively high due to the two high-pressure seal systems located on opposite sides of the high-pressure chamber.

[0018] This also makes setup and maintenance more difficult.

[0019] The purpose of this invention is to overcome all or some of the shortcomings of the prior art described above.

[0020] Therefore, a substantial feature of the compression device according to the invention, which otherwise conforms to the general definition given in the preceding preamble, is that the piston includes a tubular portion mounted around a fixed central guide, the end of which forms a fixed wall defining a portion of a second compression chamber; the device includes a sealing system formed between the central guide and the piston; in the longitudinal direction of piston translation, an inlet system is located at a first end of the device, an outlet is located at a second end of the device, and a delivery system is located between the inlet system and the outlet.

[0021] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may have one or more of the following features:

[0022] One end of the piston forms a movable surface to compress fluid in the first compression chamber, while the tubular portion of the piston forms a movable sleeve that cooperates with the end of a central guide to form a system for compressing fluid in a second compression chamber, in which the end of the central guide forms a fixed piston.

[0023] - In the operating configuration, the longitudinal direction of piston translation is vertical or inclined, the inlet system is located at the lower end of the device, and the outlet is located in a portion of the device above the inlet system, and preferably above the conveying system.

[0024] - The second compression chamber is entirely contained within the tubular portion of the piston.

[0025] - In the longitudinal direction, the first end of the second compression chamber is defined by the first end of the tubular piston, and the second end of the second compression chamber is defined by the end of the central guide and a sealing system formed between the central guide and the piston, the sealing system being positioned flush with or adjacent to the end of the central guide.

[0026] - The sealing system formed between the central guide and the piston is positioned to extend beyond the second compression chamber only at the height of the second end of the second compression chamber and / or in the longitudinal direction opposite to the first end of the device.

[0027] - The discharge port is located at the height of the end of the central guide. The device includes a conduit for discharging compressed gas, the conduit including a first end connected to the discharge port and a second end located at the end opposite to the first end of the device.

[0028] - The first compression chamber is defined by a first fixed cavity, one end of the piston, and a sealing system formed between the piston and the wall of the first cavity.

[0029] -The entry point into the system is located at the end of the first cavity opposite to the second end of the device.

[0030] - The inlet system includes at least one of the following: one or more check valves, one or more orifices or ports, at least one disc valve, or a valve configured to allow the fluid to be compressed to enter the first compression chamber during the inlet phase and to prevent the fluid from leaving during the compression phase.

[0031] - A fixed wall portion defining the first compression chamber, the fixed wall portion including one or more ports or holes, the one or more ports or holes preferably arranged in the longitudinal direction such that they may or may not allow communication between the first compression chamber and the outside depending on the longitudinal position of the piston.

[0032] - Compression of the fluid in the second compression chamber is caused by the stroke of the piston in the direction of the second end of the device.

[0033] - The device is housed in a sealed enclosure containing a cryogenic cooling fluid tank.

[0034] - The device includes a leak gas venting circuit, which includes a first end and a second end. The first end communicates with the space between the piston and the central guide, and the second end opens at the height of the second end of the device.

[0035] The present invention also relates to a station for filling a tank with pressurized gas, the station comprising a liquefied gas (especially liquefied hydrogen) source, an extraction circuit having a first end connected to the source and at least one second end intended to be connected to the tank to be filled, the extraction circuit comprising a fluid pumping device or a fluid compression device according to any of the features described above or below.

[0036] The present invention may also relate to any alternative apparatus or method that includes any combination of the features described above or below within the scope of the claims.

[0037] Other specific features and advantages will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0038] [ Figure 1 A schematic partial view of a longitudinal vertical section illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a compression device according to the present invention is shown.

[0039] [ Figure 2 A schematic partial view of a longitudinal vertical section illustrating a first configuration of the operating cycle of the compression device according to the invention is shown.

[0040] [ Figure 3 A schematic partial view of a longitudinal vertical section illustrating a second configuration of the operating cycle of the compression device according to the invention is shown.

[0041] [ Figure 4 A schematic partial view of a longitudinal vertical section illustrating an operating cycle of the compression device according to the invention is shown.

[0042] [ Figure 5 A schematic partial view of a longitudinal vertical section illustrating an operating cycle of the compression device according to the invention is shown.

[0043] [ Figure 6 A schematic partial view of a longitudinal vertical section illustrating the operating cycle of a compression device according to the invention is shown.

[0044] [ Figure 7 A schematic partial view of a longitudinal vertical section illustrating the structure of a compression device according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown.

[0045] [ Figure 8A schematic partial view of a longitudinal vertical section illustrating the structure of another exemplary embodiment of the compression device according to the present invention is shown.

[0046] [ Figure 9 A schematic partial view is shown illustrating an example of a filling station using this compression equipment.

[0047] [ Figure 1 The fluid compression device 1 depicted in the figure includes two compression stages in series.

[0048] The device 1 specifically includes a first compression chamber 3 (at a relatively low pressure) and a second compression chamber 4 (at a relatively high pressure).

[0049] The device 1 includes an entry system 2 communicating with a first compression chamber 3, the entry system being configured to allow fluid to be compressed into the first compression chamber 3. The entry system 2 may include at least one of the following: one or more check valves, one or more orifices or ports, at least one disc valve, or any other means or valve that allows fluid to be compressed into the first compression chamber 3 during the entry phase and prevents fluid from leaving during the compression phase. Specifically, this entry system 2 (a plurality of gate valves and / or the like) opens when there is a given pressure difference between its two ends. Furthermore, the first chamber 3 may be equipped with a pressure-reducing valve or some other safety element configured to limit the pressure inside the chamber to below a given safety threshold.

[0050] The device 1 also includes a check-through conveying system 6, which communicates with the first compression chamber 3 and the second compression chamber 4 and is configured to allow fluid to be conveyed from the first compression chamber 3 to the second compression chamber 4 (during and / or at the end of the compression phase of the fluid in the first compression chamber 3), but the check-through conveying system is shut off during the compression phase in the second compression chamber 4. This conveying system 6 may be of the same type as the entry system 2.

[0051] The device 1 includes a movable piston 5 (described in detail below) capable of translational motion to compress fluids in the first compression chamber 3 and the second compression chamber 4.

[0052] The device 1 also includes a discharge port 7 that communicates with the second compression chamber 4 and is configured to allow fluid compressed in the second compression chamber 4 to exit (during or at the end of the compression phase in the chamber). The discharge port 7 may be provided with a check system of the same type as the check system entering system 2 (e.g., closing when the pressure difference between the second compression chamber 4 and the outside is below a given threshold).

[0053] The second compression chamber 4 is defined by a part of the piston 5 body and the fixed wall of the device. The piston 5 is capable of translational movement in the longitudinal direction A.

[0054] As shown in the figure, the piston 5 includes a tubular portion mounted around a fixed central guide 8. The end of the central guide 8 forms a fixed wall defining a portion of the second compression chamber 4. The device 1 includes a sealing system 10 formed between the central guide 8 and the piston 5 (a plurality of piston rings, a plurality of seals, etc.).

[0055] In the longitudinal direction A of the piston 5's translation, the inlet system 2 is located at the first end of the device 1, the outlet port 7 is located at the second end of the device, and the conveying system 6 is located between the inlet system 2 and the outlet port 7. This means that the ports 2, 6, and 7 for fluid passage are positioned in series, their order corresponding to the order in which the fluid temperature rises in the compression device 1 (cold when entering the first compression chamber 3, then hot in the second compression chamber 4, and even hotter when leaving the second compression chamber 4).

[0056] As shown in the figure, one end of the piston 5 forms a movable surface to compress the fluid in the first compression chamber 3, while the tubular portion of the piston 5 forms a movable sleeve, which cooperates with the end of the central guide 8 to form a system for compressing the fluid in the second compression chamber 4 (therefore, in this second compression stage, the end of the central guide 8 cooperates with the movable sleeve to form a fixed piston).

[0057] As shown in the figure, in the operating configuration, the longitudinal direction A of the piston (5) is preferably vertical or inclined, such that the inlet system 2 is located at the lower end of the device 1, and the outlet 7 is located in a part of the device above the inlet system 2 and preferably above the conveying system 6.

[0058] This preferred embodiment will be described in more detail below. However, of course, as an alternative, the longitudinal axis A can be horizontal or inclined in the operating configuration to convert the relative vertical position described above.

[0059] Therefore, when the longitudinal direction A of the piston 5's translational movement is vertical, the inlet system 2 can be located at the lower end of the device 1. The outlet 7 itself is located at the upper part of the device 1, that is, above the inlet system 2.

[0060] This configuration ensures that the fluid to be compressed enters the lower part of device 1, i.e., the coldest region. Furthermore, delivery and any leaks are located in the upper region of the device (the warmer region). This configuration contributes to minimal or zero mixing between the relatively cold and warmer regions. Additionally, the hot fluid is diverted to the upper part, which may contain the piston actuation mechanism 21 and generate heat.

[0061] This vertical arrangement with a vertical compression stroke allows for good separation between the relatively cold fluid flow (at the inlet) and the relatively hot fluid flow (at the outlet). In particular, the compression stroke in the second compression chamber 4 is an upward stroke (the rod of the piston 5 is pulled upward toward the hot part of the device 1).

[0062] Specifically, during compression to high pressure, this upward stroke of piston 5 generates tension on the rod of piston 5. This is mechanically advantageous because the rod does not buckle under this tension (buckling occurs under pressure / thrust). Furthermore, this pull-compression arrangement eliminates the need to guide the piston rod regularly along its length. This also allows for a reduction in the cross-sectional area of ​​the piston rod (e.g., by hollowing out the rod or reducing its diameter). Additionally, it allows for a reduction in the length of the piston rod based on acceptable levels of heat loss.

[0063] As schematically depicted, piston 5 can be driven by motor component 21 located at the top or off-center, or by a drive mechanism connected to the motor component.

[0064] As shown in the figure, the first compression chamber 3 can be formed in the tubular cavity 14 or in a fixed chamber closed at its lower end. Therefore, the first compression chamber 3 can be defined at its lower part by the fixed lower cavity 14. The entry system 2 can be located at the lower end of the lower cavity 14.

[0065] Therefore, the first compression chamber 3 can be defined in its upper part by the lower end of the piston 5 and the sealing system 15 (piston rings, etc.) formed between the piston 5 and the wall of the lower cavity 14.

[0066] Preferably, the lower portion of piston 5 has a profile configured to allow gas to escape through a port or valve. For example, as particularly in [ Figure 4 As schematically shown in the diagram, one or more ports 26 (or holes) may be formed in the upper part of the lower cavity 14 (or at least in any fixed wall portion defining a portion of the first combustion chamber). When the piston 5 exposes these ports 26 (when the piston 5 is above at least a portion of the ports 26), the ports allow communication between the first compression chamber 3 and the outside. Thus, during the entry phase (when the chamber 3 expands), any gas that may be present in the first compression chamber 3 can escape through these ports 26 and make way for liquid from the surrounding tank. This ensures complete filling with liquid during entry. Furthermore, during the compression phase (when the piston 3 moves downward in the second compression chamber 3), these ports 26 allow excess liquid to escape, thereby measuring the volume of liquid to be retained therein (this volume can be determined by the longitudinal position of the ports 26). The piston 5 then continues its compression stroke in the first compression chamber 3, and the ports 26 are no longer in communication with the compression volume (which is isolated from the tank 16).

[0067] It should be noted that these ports 26 or orifices may form part of or even constitute the entry system, thereby allowing fluid to enter the first compression chamber 3. This means that the aforementioned entry valve system(s) located at the lower end of the lower cavity 14 may be omitted, and in such an example, fluid entry into the first compression chamber 3 can be ensured solely through the aforementioned ports 26 or orifices.

[0068] Therefore, the tubular portion of piston 5 forms a shell surrounding the entire second compression chamber 4. Thus, the second compression chamber 4 can be completely contained within the tubular portion of piston 5. Therefore, piston 5 can constitute the shell of the second compression chamber 4. This structure allows the second compression chamber 4 to be completely confined within piston 5, and the walls of the second compression chamber can be effectively insulated (i.e., kept cool), as described below.

[0069] Therefore, the lower end of the second compression chamber 4 can be defined by the lower end of the tubular piston 5, and the upper end of the second compression chamber 4 can be defined by the lower end of the central guide 8 and the sealing system 10 formed between the central guide 8 and the piston 5.

[0070] It should be noted that this sealing system 10 is located at or above the lower end of the central guide 8 and above the upper end of the second compression chamber 4.

[0071] Therefore, this structure allows for a single high-pressure dynamic sealing system to be installed at only one end of the second compression chamber 4. Thus, the sealing system 10 formed between the central guide 8 and the piston 5 can be located only at the upper end of the second compression chamber 4 and / or above the second chamber 4.

[0072] In contrast, the prior art mentioned above employs two high-pressure dynamic sealing systems, one on each side of the high-pressure compression chamber (one on each side relative to the piston's stroke direction).

[0073] Compared to existing technologies, this arrangement significantly reduces manufacturing and maintenance limitations as well as the risk of leaks.

[0074] The transfer system 6 is located, for example, on the lower end of the tubular wall of the piston 5, and one side of the transfer system defines the upper end of the first compression chamber 3. As previously mentioned, this transfer system 6 can be a single system or multiple systems and can have any structure suitable for allowing fluid to be transferred from the first chamber 3 to the second chamber 4 (during the compression phase of the first compression chamber 3) (and preventing fluid from being transferred from the second chamber 4 to the first chamber during the compression phase of the second chamber 4).

[0075] The discharge port 7 may be located at the lower end of the central guide 8 (the fixed upper end of the second compression chamber 4). The device 1 may include a compressed gas discharge pipe 11, which includes a lower first end connected to the discharge port 7 and an upper second end located on the upper part of the device 1 to collect compressed high-pressure fluid.

[0076] like[ Figure 1 As shown, the compression device can be housed in a thermally insulated, sealed housing 13 containing a cryogenic cooling fluid tank 16. Specifically, the first compression chamber 3 and the second compression chamber 4 can be immersed in the liquid phase. The upper part of the housing 16 can have a gas top space for collecting any leaks from the device 1.

[0077] Therefore, the cold head of device 1 can be vertically immersed in the low-temperature tank 16 (sometimes called the storage tank).

[0078] The first compression chamber 3 can be directly fixed to the bottom of the slot 16.

[0079] The moving part (piston 5) moves vertically (up and down). Mounting plates 24 and 25 and shafts 22 and 23 can be mounted outside the compression chambers 3 and 4 for installation and allow compression movement relative to the fixed part.

[0080] Naturally, in this case, the piston 5 is structured to allow a portion of the piston 5 (in this case, the rear portion of the piston) to slide within the plate 24 (or a similar component). For example, the lower portion of the piston 5 is tubular (and forms the second compression chamber 4), while the opposite (upper) portion of the piston 5 is designed to allow sliding relative to the plate 24.

[0081] For example, the upper part of piston 5 has one or more openings for plate 24 to pass through. Piston 5 may be made of one or more parts joined / fixed together.

[0082] Now we will combine [ Figure 2 ]to[ Figure 6 An example describing a compression loop.

[0083] exist[ Figure 2 In the first compression chamber 3, the piston 5 is in its lowest position (the first compression chamber 3 is empty, and the pressure of the fluid in the second compression chamber 4 is, for example, between 2 bar and 20 bar). As the piston 5 rises, low-pressure (e.g., from 1 bar to 10 bar) cold fluid located at the bottom of the housing 13 can be allowed to enter the first compression chamber 3 through the inlet system 2 (and the fluid is pressurized in the second compression chamber 4).

[0084] As the piston gradually rises ([ Figure 3More fluid fills the first compression chamber 3. The fluid in the second compression chamber 4 is compressed. The first compression chamber 3 is filled. When the pressure in the second compression chamber 4 becomes greater than a predetermined downstream pressure (depending on the application, for example, 100 bar to 1000 bar), the discharge system 7 opens, venting the high-pressure fluid upwards via the discharge pipe 11.

[0085] At the top ([ Figure 4 The second compression chamber 4 is emptied, and the first compression chamber 3 is filled.

[0086] After the top dead center position ([ Figure 5 During the downward stroke of piston 5, as the pressure in the second chamber 4 from the previous cycle drops below the pressure in the first compression chamber 3, fluid moves from the first compression chamber 3 to the second compression chamber 4 via the transfer system 6. Figure 5 One or more ports 26 are connected to the first compression chamber 3 until the piston 5 passes a defined bottom longitudinal position. When the pressure is equal after the bottom dead center position, the second compression chamber 4 is isolated.

[0087] The device returns to the initial configuration and can restart the loop. Figure 6 ]).

[0088] This structure, with its compression stroke and separation of the cold (at the bottom) and hot (at the top) sections, allows for better compression. The relatively long distance between the inlet (preferably at the bottom) and the outlet (preferably at the top) further enhances this advantage.

[0089] This is because it allows fluids to enter at the height where they are at their lowest temperature and highest density, while hotter fluids deflect upwards. This minimizes the risk of mixing and boiling in tank 16. Hot fluids (leaks) can be collected directly at the top without the need for dedicated piping.

[0090] The entire structure can be housed within the shell.

[0091] [ Figure 7 A variant is shown in which an optional leak gas venting circuit 12 is provided. For example, circuit 12 includes a conduit having a first end and a second end, the first end communicating with the space between piston 5 and central guide 8 (above sealing system 10 and possibly below any additional upper seal that may be present), and the second end leading to the upper part of device 1.

[0092] exist[ Figure 8 In a variant of the design, the geometry of the lower end of the piston 5 can be adapted to modify the volume ratio of the two compression chambers 3 and 4, for example, by increasing the size of the second compression chamber 4 relative to the first compression chamber 3.

[0093] This type of compression device 1 (or multiple units connected in series or parallel) can be used in any cryogenic facility that requires pumping or compressing cryogenic fluids.

[0094] For example, a station for filling pressurized gas (e.g., hydrogen) tanks may include a liquefied gas source 17, an extraction circuit 18 having a first end connected to the source and at least one second end intended to be connected to the tank 190 to be filled, the extraction circuit 18 including such a pumping device 1. The pumped fluid may be evaporated in a downstream exchanger 19 and optionally stored in one or more pressurized buffer tanks 20.

Claims

1. A fluid compression device (1) having multiple compression stages, the fluid compression device comprising: The sealed housing (13) includes a cryogenic fluid tank (16) containing a liquid phase, and the upper part of the housing (13) includes a gas headspace; A first compression chamber (3); a second compression chamber (4); an inlet system (2) communicating with the first compression chamber (3) and configured to allow fluid to be compressed to enter the first compression chamber (3); a conveying system (6) communicating with the first compression chamber (3) and the second compression chamber (4) and configured to allow fluid to be conveyed from the first compression chamber (3) to the second compression chamber (4); a movable piston (5) for ensuring compression of the fluid in the first compression chamber (3) and the second compression chamber (4); the fluid compression device (1) further includes a discharge port (7) communicating with the second compression chamber (4) and configured to allow compressed fluid to exit, the second compression chamber (4) being defined by a portion of the body of the piston (5) and a fixed wall of the fluid compression device, the piston (5) moving in a translational motion in the longitudinal direction (A), characterized in that the piston (5) includes a guide (8) around a fixed center. The installed tubular portion, the end of the central guide (8) forming a fixed wall defining a portion of the second compression chamber (4), the fluid compression device (1) including a sealing system (10) formed between the central guide (8) and the piston (5), wherein, in the longitudinal direction (A) of the piston (5) translation, the inlet system (2) is located at a first end of the fluid compression device (1), the outlet (7) is located at a second end of the fluid compression device, and the delivery system (6) is located between the inlet system (2) and the outlet (7), wherein the first compression chamber (3) and the second compression chamber (4) are immersed in the liquid phase of the tank (16), wherein the inlet system includes one or more ports (26) which allow or disallow communication between the first compression chamber (3) and the outer tank (16) depending on the longitudinal position of the piston (5).

2. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The one or more ports (26) are arranged such that when the piston (5) moves beyond these ports, i.e. when the piston (5) is in a position beyond at least a portion of the one or more ports (26), these ports allow communication between the first compression chamber (3) and the outer groove (16).

3. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, During the entry phase, as the volume of the first compression chamber (3) increases, the one or more ports (26) are configured to allow gas in the first compression chamber (3) to escape through the one or more ports (26) to the outer slot (16) and make way for liquid.

4. The fluid compression device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, During the compression phase, i.e. when the piston (5) is reducing the volume of the first compression chamber (3), the one or more ports (26) are configured to allow excess liquid to escape and to measure the volume of liquid retained in the first compression chamber (3) as a defined value before ending communication with the first compression chamber (3).

5. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One end of the piston (5) forms a movable surface to compress the fluid in the first compression chamber (3), while the tubular portion of the piston (5) forms a movable sleeve that cooperates with the end of the central guide (8) to form a system for compressing the fluid in the second compression chamber (4), in which the end of the central guide (8) forms a fixed piston.

6. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the operating configuration, the longitudinal direction (A) of the piston (5) is vertical or inclined, the inlet system (2) is located at the lower end of the fluid compression device (1), and the outlet (7) is located in a portion of the fluid compression device above the inlet system (2).

7. The fluid compression device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The discharge port (7) is located in a portion of the fluid compression device above the conveying system (6).

8. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second compression chamber (4) is entirely contained within the tubular portion of the piston (5).

9. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the longitudinal direction (A), the first end of the second compression chamber (4) is defined by the first end of the piston (5), and the second end of the second compression chamber (4) is defined by the end of the central guide (8) and the sealing system (10) formed between the central guide (8) and the piston (5), the sealing system (10) being positioned flush with or adjacent to the end of the central guide (8).

10. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The sealing system (10) formed between the central guide (8) and the piston (5) is positioned to extend beyond the second compression chamber (4) only at the height of the second end of the second compression chamber (4) and / or in the longitudinal direction (A) of the fluid compression device (1) in the direction opposite to the first end.

11. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The discharge port (7) is located at the height of the end of the central guide (8), and the fluid compression device (1) includes a conduit (11) for discharging compressed fluid, the conduit including a first end connected to the discharge port (7) and a second end located at the end of the fluid compression device (1) opposite to the first end.

12. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first compression chamber (3) is defined by a first fixed cavity (14), one end of the piston (5), and a sealing system (15) formed between the piston (5) and the wall of the first fixed cavity (14).

13. The fluid compression device as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The entry system (2) is located at the end of the first fixed cavity (14) opposite to the second end of the fluid compression device (1).

14. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inlet system (2) includes one or more check valves.

15. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inlet system (2) includes at least one flat disc valve.

16. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The entry system (2) includes a valve configured to allow fluid to be compressed to enter the first compression chamber (3) during the entry phase and to prevent fluid from leaving during the compression phase.

17. The fluid compression device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The compression of the fluid in the second compression chamber (4) is caused by the stroke of the piston (5) in the direction of the second end of the fluid compression device (1).

18. A station for filling a tank or pipeline with pressurized gas, the station comprising a source (17) of liquefied gas and an extraction circuit (18) having a first end connected to the source and at least one second end intended to be connected to a tank (190) to be filled, the extraction circuit (18) comprising a fluid compression device (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. The station as described in claim 18, characterized in that, The liquefied gas is liquefied hydrogen.

Images