A detachable height-enhancing platform and a design method for the height-enhancing platform

Abstract

The present invention relates to a detachable heightened platform and a design method for the heightened platform, wherein the heightened platform comprises a lower platform structure, an upper platform structure and a guide rail, the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are both provided with lifting eye rings; the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are both provided with guide grooves, and are respectively sleeved on the guide rails through the guide grooves, and the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are both provided with guide rail connectors for locking the guide rails; the upper platform structure is detachably fixed above the lower platform structure through the platform connector; the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure both comprise a thin platform plate, a T-beam, a reinforcing rib and an oblique supporting rib, the T-beam is crisscrossed at the bottom of the thin platform plate to form a square hollow frame, the reinforcing ribs are distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate, and the oblique supporting ribs are installed on the webs of the T-beams around the square hollow frame. The present invention improves loading and unloading efficiency, can flexibly adjust the height of the heightened platform, solves the problems of pulp burning and difficulty in installation of the heightened platform, and is light and safe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ships, and in particular to a detachable heightened platform and a design method for the heightened platform. Background Art

[0002] The height of the 1st tank convex of a 62,000-ton pulp ship is 3.3m. As the height of pulp bales from different manufacturers varies, the height of pulp stacking at the convex of the water tank is different. For example, the height of one layer of pulp at the Uruguayan PP Port is 1.74m. Stacking two layers of pulp at the Uruguayan PP Port can make the height of the pulp bales roughly consistent with the height of the convex of the water tank, so as to facilitate the stowage of the pulp bales behind. However, from the perspective of the Brazilian BRACELL pulp loading, the height of one layer of cargo is about 2m. After loading two layers, the height of the surrounding pulp bales is quite different from the height of the convex of the water tank, which makes the third layer of cargo uneven when loaded, and cannot meet the normal operation of the pulp bale bundle hoisting, which greatly affects the loading speed and cargo stacking, and easily causes the pulp bales to be damaged. In addition, during the hoisting of the third layer of cargo, the steel wire and hook of the lifting beam will directly contact the bulkhead, increasing the risk of steel wire wear during loading and unloading.

[0003] Therefore, a heightening platform can be arranged on the water tank boss in advance according to the cargo size of the voyage mission to realize the heightening of the water tank boss, so that during the unloading process of the pulp bales, each layer of pulp bales can be kept level as a whole, but the existing heightening platform has the following shortcomings: 1. The height of the existing heightening platform is fixed, which can only meet the loading requirements of a single pulp bale size, and the height cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the actual pulp bale size; 2. The existing heightening platform requires fire to fix the platform, and the pulp bale is flammable. The fire fixing operation is likely to cause the pulp bale to burn, which increases the difficulty of installation. Therefore, the existing heightening platform cannot effectively solve the problems of fire and fixation, and the existing heightening platform is fully welded and fixed on the bulkhead and the water tank boss, which increases the construction time, has low installation efficiency, and is extremely difficult to dismantle when the heightening platform needs to be disassembled; 3. Most of the existing heightening platforms are box bodies. Although they meet the structural strength requirements, their own weight is too heavy, which increases the difficulty of hoisting and also affects the load-bearing capacity of the bottom water tank boss, thereby increasing unnecessary work risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a detachable elevated platform and a design method for the elevated platform, so that the pulp bale can be kept level as a whole during the unloading process, thereby improving the loading and unloading efficiency; meeting the demand for flexible adjustment of the height of the elevated platform; solving the problems of difficult installation of the elevated platform, low installation efficiency and the risk of pulp bale burning; and achieving a light and safe elevated platform.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0006] A detachable heightening platform comprises a lower platform structure, an upper platform structure and guide rails fixed on a bulkhead and a water tank boss, the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are provided with lifting eye rings for assisting lifting on their top surfaces; the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are provided with guide grooves on both sides close to the bulkhead, the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are respectively sleeved on the guide rails through the guide grooves, and the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are provided with guide rail connectors for rotating and locking the guide rails on one side of the guide rails; the upper platform structure is detachably fixed on the upper side of the lower platform structure through the platform connector;

[0007] Both the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure include a thin platform plate, T-beams, reinforcing ribs and oblique supporting ribs. The T-beams are crisscrossed and distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate to form a square hollow frame. The reinforcing ribs are distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate, and the oblique supporting ribs are installed on the webs of the T-beams around the square hollow frame.

[0008] Preferably, a lifting eye reinforcement rib is provided at the lifting eye.

[0009] Preferably, both sides of the top of the guide rail are arranged as inclined surfaces.

[0010] Preferably, the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are provided with a plurality of anti-collision blocks on both side walls close to the bulkhead.

[0011] Preferably, a lifting ring installation groove is provided on the top surface of the thin platform plate, and the lifting eye ring is buried in the lifting ring installation groove.

[0012] Preferably, the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are provided with a guide rail connector positioning plate on the outer side of the guide groove, and the guide rail connector positioning plate and the outer groove wall of the guide groove are penetrated with a first mounting hole, and the guide rail connector includes a first bolt and a first ingot nut, the first bolt movably passes through the first mounting hole, and a locking block is provided at the end of the first bolt, and the guide rail is locked by rotating the first bolt to make the locking block extend into the guide groove, and the first ingot nut is movably sleeved on the outside of the first bolt and is located above the first mounting hole.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of mounting structures are provided on the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure, a second mounting hole is provided on the mounting structure, the platform connecting member comprises a second bolt and a second ingot nut, the second bolt is detachably passed through the second mounting hole, and a locking head is provided at the end of the second bolt, and the locking head can be clamped at the bottom of the second mounting hole; the second ingot nut is movably sleeved on the outside of the second bolt, and the second ingot nut is located above the second mounting hole.

[0014] A design method for a detachable height-enhancing platform comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1, the composition of the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure, the T-shaped beams are crisscrossed and distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate to form a square hollow frame; reinforcing ribs are arranged at the bottom of the thin platform plate where a large fixed concentrated force is applied; and oblique supporting ribs are arranged on the webs of the T-shaped beams around the square hollow frame;

[0016] Step 2, performing finite element analysis on the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure to determine the strength and rigidity of the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure;

[0017] Step 3, respectively setting lifting eyelets on the top surfaces of the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure to assist in lifting the lower platform structure or the upper platform structure, and setting lifting eyelet reinforcement ribs at locations where the lifting eyelets are subjected to greater fixed concentrated forces;

[0018] Step 4, guide grooves are provided through both sides of the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure close to the bulkhead, and guide rails are provided in the guide grooves of the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure to assist the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure in positioning on the water tank boss;

[0019] Step 5, the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are both provided with guide rail connectors on the outer sides of the guide rails for rotating and locking the guide rails;

[0020] Step 6: Platform connectors are provided through the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure to detachably fix the upper platform structure on top of the lower platform structure.

[0021] Preferably, the finite element analysis step includes: importing the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure models into the software, defining the material properties of the structure, calculating the allowable stress δ1, performing static analysis and model analysis on the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure models through the finite element software, obtaining the equivalent stress-deformation cloud map of the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure, and determining that the maximum stress |δ2| of the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure is less than the allowable stress |δ1|.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. The present invention places a heightening platform on the water tank boss so that the pulp bale can be kept level as a whole during the unloading process, so as to meet the full lifting operation and improve the loading and unloading efficiency and safety;

[0024] 2. The present invention detachably fixes the upper platform structure above the lower platform structure to achieve flexible adjustment of the height of the elevated platform, thereby reducing the risk of cargo damage caused by inconsistent loading heights of pulp bales due to pulp bales of different sizes, and meeting the requirement of keeping pulp bales of various specifications level in the cabin;

[0025] 3. In the present invention, the guide rails are fixed on the bulkhead and the water tank boss, the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure are sleeved on the guide rails through the guide grooves, and the heightening platform can be fixed by rotating and locking the guide rails through the guide rail connector, without the need for hot work, thus avoiding the burning of pulp bales, reducing the difficulty of installation, and without the need for large-area welding, making the installation more convenient, improving the installation efficiency, and reducing the difficulty of disassembly;

[0026] 4. In the present invention, T-shaped beams are crisscrossed and distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate to form a square hollow frame, and reinforcing ribs and oblique supporting ribs are arranged for further reinforcement to form a lower platform structure and an upper platform structure that meet the structural strength requirements and are lighter and safer, thereby reducing the difficulty of lifting and unnecessary work risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the use state of the lower platform structure and the upper platform structure of the heightening platform of the present invention being stacked;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the use state of the lower platform structure of the heightening platform of the present invention being used alone;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heightening platform of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a front view of the heightening platform of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a rear view of the heightening platform of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a left view of the heightening platform of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a right side view of the heightening platform of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the guide rail not locked at A in the middle;

[0036] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of locking rail at A in the middle;

[0037] Fig.10 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the platform connector connection at B in the middle;

[0038] Fig.11 A top view of the lower platform structure or the upper platform structure of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a bottom view of the lower platform structure or the upper platform structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure ID:

[0041] 1. Lower platform structure; 11. Thin platform plate; 12. T-beam; 13. Reinforcement ribs; 14. Oblique support ribs; 2. Upper platform structure; 3. Guide rails; 31. Guide grooves; 4. Lifting eye rings; 41. Lifting eye ring reinforcement ribs; 42. Lifting eye mounting grooves; 5. Guide rail connectors; 51. Guide rail connector positioning plate; 52. First mounting hole; 521. Limiting hole; 53. First bolt; 54. First ingot nut; 55. Locking block; 6. Platform connector; 61. Mounting structure; 62. Second mounting hole; 63. Second bolt; 64. Second ingot nut; 65. Locking head; 661. Lower platform connector positioning plate; 662. Upper platform connector positioning plate; 663. Slot; 7. Anti-collision block; 71. Pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Fig.12 The figure shows a detachable heightening platform provided by the present invention, comprising a lower platform structure 1, an upper platform structure 2 and a guide rail 3 fixed on the bulkhead and the water tank boss, and lifting eye rings 4 are symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the top surfaces of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2, wherein the lifting eye rings 4 on the lower platform structure 1 are used to assist in lifting the lower platform structure 1, and the lifting eye rings 4 on the upper platform structure 2 are used to assist in lifting the upper platform structure 2;

[0046] From the situation of 62,000-ton pulp ship loading Brazilian BRACELL pulp, in the 1st cabin of the 62,000-ton pulp ship, the water tank boss is located at the corner of the bulkhead, and the height of the water tank boss is 3.3m, while the height of one layer of Brazilian BRACELL pulp is about 2m. After loading two layers of pulp bags, the height of the surrounding pulp bags is 4m, which is higher than the height of the water tank boss at the corner. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange a heightening platform on the water tank boss. Since the heights of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are both 0.35m, the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 can be superimposed on the water tank boss to increase the height of the water tank boss. The usage status is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the total height of the water tank boss and the heightening platform reaches 4m, which is consistent with the height of the surrounding pulp bales after loading 2 layers of Brazilian BRACELL pulp. That is, after loading 2 layers of pulp bales, the surrounding of the pulp bales remain level as a whole. Therefore, when loading the third layer of pulp bales, full lifting operation can be met, so that the whole of the pulp bales after stacking remains level, thereby improving loading efficiency and avoiding direct contact between the steel wire and hook of the lifting beam and the bulkhead due to the unevenness of the pulp bales, thereby reducing the risk of steel wire wear and improving the safety of loading and unloading.

[0047] The lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are fixedly connected with the bulkhead and the water tank boss by the two sides close to the bulkhead. Specifically, the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are provided with guide grooves 31 on the two sides close to the bulkhead, and the guide grooves 31 are located at the ends of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 away from the corner of the bulkhead; the guide rail 3 is fixed on the bulkhead at the position corresponding to the guide groove 31, and the bottom of the guide rail 3 falls on the water tank boss; the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are respectively sleeved on the guide rail 3 through the guide groove 31, so that the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 can be placed on the water tank boss; and the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are provided with guide rail connectors 5 on the outer sides of the guide rails 3, and the guide rail connectors 5 can be rotated to make the guide rail connectors 5 enter the guide grooves 31 from the outer side walls of the guide grooves 31, so as to lock the guide rails 3, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 and the bulkhead and the water tank boss, thereby increasing the height of the water tank boss;

[0048] When installing the specific heightening platform, first fix the guide rail 3: first place the lower platform structure 1 on the water tank boss, wherein the two sides of the guide groove 31 of the lower platform structure 1 are aligned with the two sides of the bulkhead, and the two side corners of the lower platform structure 1 close to the bulkhead are aligned with the bulkhead corners, then center the two guide rails 3 in the guide groove 31 of the lower platform structure 1, and make the guide rail 3 completely fall on the water tank boss to determine the welding position of the guide rail 3, then lift the lower platform structure 1, and then firmly weld the four sides of the guide rail 3 to the bulkhead and the water tank boss;

[0049] Preparation before installation of the raised platform: According to the height of the target pulp bale, determine the height of the raised platform to determine the number of platform structures, so that the height of the water tank boss after the increase is flush with the height of the target pulp bales after stacking. Taking a 62,000-ton pulp ship loaded with Brazilian BRACELL pulp as an example, the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 need to be stacked on the water tank boss to increase the height of the water tank boss;

[0050] Then, the guide rail connectors 5 of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are rotated respectively so that the ends of the guide rail connectors 5 are retracted into the outer groove wall of the guide groove 31, so as to prevent the guide rail connectors 5 from touching the guide rail 3 during the process of sleeve-mounting the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 on the outer side of the guide rail 3;

[0051] Install the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2: Use the ship's own ballast water system to adjust the front and rear balance of the ship, then use a sling with an appropriate safety load, use four hooks (must be equipped with a safety anti-drop device) or shackles to connect the four lifting eye rings 4 on the lower platform structure 1, and use a crane to align the lower platform structure 1 with the guide rail 3 and slowly slide it down to the water tank boss; similarly, use a crane to align the upper platform structure 2 with the guide rail 3 and slowly slide it down and overlap it on the top of the lower platform structure 1. After confirming that the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are aligned up and down, rotate and push the guide rail connectors 5 of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 along the direction of the guide rail 3 respectively. The guide rail connector 5 penetrates the guide groove 31 from the outer groove wall of the guide groove 31, and continues to continuously reduce the distance between the end of the guide rail connector 5 and the inner side wall of the guide groove 31 until the end of the guide rail connector 5 and the inner side wall of the guide groove 31 are respectively against the two sides of the guide rail 3, that is, the purpose of locking the guide rail 3 is achieved. At this time, the fixed connection between the heightened platform and the bulkhead and the water tank boss is achieved;

[0052] Finally, the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are fixedly connected: the platform connector 6 is then used to pass through and clamp the platform connector 6 on both sides of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 away from the bulkhead, so as to fix the upper platform structure 2 on top of the lower platform structure 1.

[0053] Preferably, the upper platform structure 2 can be fixedly stacked on top of the lower platform structure 1 on flat ground using the platform connector 6 to form a whole, and then the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 can be hoisted together using a crane, and slide down along the guide rail 3 to the water tank boss. The one-time hoisting operation is faster and safer than hoisting the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 separately.

[0054] The present invention is to first weld the guide rail 3 to the bulkhead and the water tank boss, then use the ship's own ballast water system to adjust the front and rear balance of the ship, then lower the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 along the guide rail 3 to the water tank boss, and finally use the guide rail connector 5 to rotate and lock the guide rail 3 to achieve the fixed connection between the heightened platform and the bulkhead and the water tank boss. The entire installation process does not require hot work to avoid the burning of pulp bags, and does not require large-area welding, which makes the installation more convenient and improves the installation efficiency. Moreover, when the heightened platform needs to be disassembled, it is only necessary to rotate and loosen the guide rail connector 5, and the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are lifted upward along the guide rail 3, and then the guide rail 3 is cut and taken out, which greatly reduces the difficulty of disassembly.

[0055] From the perspective of the 62,000-ton pulp ship loaded with POTOCEL pulp, the height specification of POTOCEL pulp is 1.87m. After loading two layers of pulp bales, the height of the surrounding pulp bales is 3.74m, which is higher than the water tank boss. Since the heights of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are both 0.35m, it is only necessary to arrange the lower platform structure 1 on the water tank boss to meet the requirement of roughly the same height as the surrounding pulp bales after loading two layers of POTOCEL pulp. Figure 2 As shown, it is also possible to ensure that pulp bales can continue to be loaded on the second layer of POTOCEL pulp, and the pulp bales as a whole remain level, thereby improving loading efficiency and avoiding direct contact between the steel wire and hook of the hanging beam and the bulkhead due to the unevenness of the pulp bales, thereby reducing the risk of steel wire wear and improving loading safety;

[0056] Therefore, the height of the raised platform can be flexibly adjusted according to pulp bales of different heights. According to pulp bales of different heights, the lower platform structure 1 can be placed on the water tank boss for use alone, or the upper platform structure 2 can be stacked on the basis of the lower platform structure 1 and fixedly connected by the platform connector 6 for use, or the upper platform structure 2 can be disassembled from above the lower platform structure 1 so that the lower platform structure 1 can be used alone; wherein, when the upper platform structure 2 is reduced from being stacked with the lower platform structure 1 to being used alone by the lower platform structure 1, specifically, the platform connector 6 is disassembled from the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2, and then the upper platform structure 2 is lifted off by the lifting eye ring 4 using a crane, which reflects that the upper platform structure 2 is detachably fixed above the lower platform structure 1 by the platform connector 6, so that the raised platform of the present invention can meet the requirements that pulp bales of various specifications always remain horizontal during loading and unloading;

[0057] The structures of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are consistent. Both the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 include a thin platform plate 11, a T-beam 12, reinforcing ribs 13 and oblique supporting ribs 14. The T-beams 12 are criss-crossed and distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate 11 to form a square hollow frame. The reinforcing ribs 13 are distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate 11 where a large fixed concentrated force is applied. The oblique supporting ribs 14 are installed on the webs of the T-beams 12 around the square hollow frame. Through calculation and analysis, the structures of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 of this embodiment meet the strength requirements and can bear a load of 10t pulp bales per square meter.

[0058] In addition, the present invention achieves the purpose of decomposing the thickness of the thin platform plate 11 by crisscrossing and distributing a plurality of T-shaped beams 12, so that a thin platform plate 11 with a relatively thin plate thickness can be used, which reduces the weight relative to the platform plate of the box platform; and Fig.12 As shown, the flanges of the crisscross T-shaped beams 12 form a grid, which also serves as the bottom plate, which reduces the weight compared to the bottom plate of the box platform; Figure 3As shown, the webs of the T-shaped beams 12 around the square hollow frame also serve as side plates to replace the side plates of the box body; and the criss-cross arrangement of the T-shaped beams 12 strengthens the structural strength of the heightened platform, so the number of the reinforcing ribs 13 inside the square hollow frame can be relatively reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the heightened platform;

[0059] Therefore, the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 of the present invention are lighter and safer while meeting the structural strength requirements, thereby reducing the difficulty of lifting and avoiding affecting the load-bearing capacity of the bottom water tank boss, thereby reducing unnecessary work risks.

[0060] Furthermore, when placing the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2, they need to be connected to the lifting eye 4 through a lifting sling to lift the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2. In order to avoid cracking around the lifting eye 4 due to excessive stress, a lifting eye reinforcement rib 41 is provided at the position where the lifting eye 4 is subjected to a larger fixed concentrated force to improve the structural strength of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2.

[0061] Furthermore, both sides of the top of the guide rail 3 are provided with inclined surfaces, which play a guiding role and can assist in positioning and installing the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2.

[0062] Furthermore, taking the lower platform structure 1 as an example, the lower platform structure 1 is provided with four pads 71 ​​on the side walls on both sides close to the bulkhead, wherein two pads 71 ​​are located at the corners of the lower platform structure 1 close to the bulkhead, and the other two pads 71 ​​are respectively arranged near the guide grooves 31 on both sides, and the upper platform structure 2 is also arranged in the same manner; the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are respectively provided with anti-collision blocks 7 on the eight pads 71, and each anti-collision block 7 is fixed on the pad 71 by four bolts, so as to effectively reduce the collision and friction between the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 and the bulkhead during the hoisting process; and the anti-collision block 7 can be disassembled and replaced with a new one after being severely worn.

[0063] Furthermore, a lifting ring mounting groove 42 is provided on the top surface of the thin platform plate 11, and the lifting eye ring 4 is buried in the lifting eye mounting groove 42, so that the top surface of the lifting eye ring 4 is flush with the top surface of the thin platform plate 11, thereby preventing the lifting eye ring 4 from protruding from the thin platform plate 11 and affecting the stability of the pulp packaging there.

[0064] Furthermore, taking the lower platform structure 1 as an example, the lower platform structure 1 is provided with a guide rail connector positioning plate 51 on the outer side of the guide groove 31, and a first mounting hole 52 is formed through the guide rail connector positioning plate 51 and the outer groove wall of the guide groove 31;

[0065] The guide rail connector 5 includes a first bolt 53 and a first ingot nut 54. The first bolt 53 passes through the first mounting hole 52 from above the guide rail connector positioning plate 51, and a locking block 55 is provided at the end of the first bolt 53. The first mounting hole 52 includes a mounting hole passing through the outside of the screw rod of the first bolt 53 and a limiting hole 521 passing through the outside of the locking block 55 at the end of the first bolt 53. The limiting hole 521 is located on the outer groove wall of the guide groove 31. When the lower platform structure 1 is to be sleeved on the outside of the guide rail 3, the first bolt 53 is first rotated counterclockwise above the guide rail connector positioning plate 51 until the locking block 55 at the end of the first bolt 53 is completely screwed into the limiting hole 521 of the outer groove wall of the guide groove 31, so as to prevent the locking block 55 from protruding out of the outer groove wall of the guide groove 31 and touching the guide rail 3. Figure 8 As shown; after the lower platform structure 1 slides down onto the water tank boss on the alignment guide rail 3, the first bolt 53 is rotated clockwise to allow the locking block 55 at the end of the first bolt 53 to pass through the limiting hole 521 and extend into the guide groove 31, and the first bolt 53 is continued to be rotated to reduce the distance between the locking block 55 and the inner groove wall of the guide groove 31 until the locking block 55 and the inner groove wall of the guide groove 31 are respectively abutted against the two sides of the guide rail 3, thereby locking the guide rail 3, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown; in addition, a first ingot nut 54 is sleeved on the outside of the first bolt 53, and the first ingot nut 54 is located above the first mounting hole 52, so that the first ingot nut 54 can be finally tightened to make the first ingot nut 54 stuck in the first mounting hole 52, thereby preventing the first bolt 53 from sliding; the same arrangement is also provided in the upper platform structure 2.

[0066] Furthermore, a plurality of mounting structures 61 are provided on the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2, and a second mounting hole 62 is provided on the mounting structure 61; specifically, the mounting structures 61 are respectively located on both sides of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 away from the bulkhead, such as Fig.10 As shown, the mounting structure 61 includes a lower platform connector positioning plate 661 disposed between the thin platform plate 11 of the lower platform structure 1 and the flange of the T-beam, and an upper platform connector positioning plate 662 disposed between the thin platform plate 11 of the upper platform structure 2 and the flange of the T-beam. Mounting holes are correspondingly disposed on the upper platform connector positioning plate 662, the flange of the T-beam at the bottom of the upper platform structure 2, and the lower platform connector positioning plate 661. These multiple mounting holes are connected to form a second mounting hole 62.

[0067] The platform connector 6 includes a second bolt 63 and a second ingot nut 64. The second bolt 63 passes through the second mounting hole 62, and a locking head 65 is provided at the end of the second bolt 63. A slot 663 is provided at the bottom of the positioning plate 661 of the lower platform connector. The slot 663 is a cross slot. Therefore, when the upper platform structure 2 is stacked on top of the lower platform structure 1 and aligned up and down, the second bolt 63 is inserted from the upper platform structure 2 into the second mounting hole 62 until the locking head 65 at the end of the second bolt 63 passes through the positioning plate 661 of the lower platform connector, i.e., the bottom of the second mounting hole 62. The second bolt 63 is rotated 90° to make the locking head 65 at the end of the second bolt 63 stuck in the slot 663. Since the second ingot nut 64 is sleeved on the outside of the second bolt 63 and the second ingot nut 64 is located above the second mounting hole 62, the second ingot nut 64 can be rotated to lock the second ingot nut 64 at the second mounting hole 62. Fig.10 As shown, the second bolt 63 is not easy to slide. At this time, the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are fixedly connected; when it is necessary to reduce the use of the upper platform structure 2 and the lower platform structure 1 from being stacked to the lower platform structure 1 being used alone, first rotate the second ingot nut 64 in the opposite direction to allow the second bolt 63 to rotate, and then rotate the second bolt 63 in the opposite direction by 90° to allow the locking head 65 at the end of the second bolt 63 to disengage from the slot 663, and remove it through the second mounting hole 62, and then use a crane to lift it off the upper platform structure 2 through the lifting eye ring 4.

[0068] The present invention also provides a design method for a detachable height-enhancing platform, comprising the following steps:

[0069] Step 1, the composition of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2, the T-shaped beams 12 are crisscrossed and distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate 11 to form a square hollow frame; reinforcing ribs 13 are arranged at the bottom of the thin platform plate 11 where a large fixed concentrated force is applied; and oblique supporting ribs 14 are arranged on the webs of the T-shaped beams 12 around the square hollow frame;

[0070] Step 2, import the model of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 into the finite element software, define the material properties of the structure, specifically select steel Q355, the elastic modulus is 2.06E5MPa, the yield strength δ is 355MPa, and the allowable stress δ1 is calculated to be 319.5MPa according to the brittle material calculation formula δ1=0.9δ; static analysis and model analysis are performed on the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 models through the finite element software, and the equivalent stress-deformation cloud map of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 is obtained, and the maximum stress of this embodiment is 63.6MPa, which is less than 319.5MPa. Therefore, it is determined that the maximum stress |δ2| of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 is less than the allowable stress |δ1|, and it can be determined that the strength and stiffness of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 meet the strength requirements;

[0071] If |δ2|>|δ1|, adjust the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 to recalculate the maximum stress δ2 until |δ2|≤|δ1|, and finally determine the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 that meet the strength requirements.

[0072] Step 3, respectively setting lifting eye rings 4 on the top surfaces of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 for assisting in lifting the lower platform structure 1 or the upper platform structure 2, and setting lifting eye ring reinforcement ribs 41 at the places where the lifting eye rings 4 are subjected to a larger fixed concentrated force;

[0073] Step 4, guide grooves 31 are provided through both sides of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 close to the bulkhead, and guide rails 3 are provided through the guide grooves 31 of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 to assist the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 in positioning on the water tank boss;

[0074] Step 5, the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are both provided with guide rail connectors 5 on the outer sides of the guide rails 3 for rotating and locking the guide rails 3;

[0075] Step 6: A platform connector 6 is provided through the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 to detachably fix the upper platform structure 2 on the upper part of the lower platform structure 1 .

[0076] The present invention achieves the purpose of decomposing the thickness of the thin platform plate 11 by arranging a plurality of T-shaped beams 12 in a crisscross manner, so that the thin platform plate 11 with a relatively thin plate thickness can be used, which reduces the weight relative to the platform plate of the box platform; and Fig.12 As shown, the flanges of the crisscross T-shaped beams 12 form a grid, which also serves as the bottom plate, which reduces the weight compared to the bottom plate of the box platform; Figure 3As shown, the webs of the T-shaped beams 12 around the square hollow frame also serve as side plates to replace the side plates of the box body; and the criss-cross arrangement of the T-shaped beams 12 strengthens the structural strength of the heightened platform, so the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs 13 inside the square hollow frame can be relatively reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the heightened platform; therefore, the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 provided in the present invention are lighter and safer while meeting the structural strength requirements, thereby reducing the difficulty of hoisting, and avoiding affecting the load-bearing of the bottom water tank boss, thereby reducing unnecessary work risks;

[0077] The lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 of the present invention meet the requirements of lightweighting, so finite element analysis provides a theoretical basis for lightweighting the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2;

[0078] Lifting eye rings 4 are respectively arranged on the top surfaces of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2, wherein the lifting eye ring 4 on the lower platform structure 1 is used to assist in lifting the lower platform structure 1, and the lifting eye ring 4 on the upper platform structure 2 is used to assist in lifting the upper platform structure 2; lifting eye ring reinforcement ribs 41 are arranged at the places where the lifting eye rings 4 are subjected to a large fixed concentrated force, so as to avoid cracking around the lifting eye rings 4 due to excessive stress, thereby improving the structural strength of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2;

[0079] Guide grooves 31 are provided on both sides of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 close to the bulkhead, and guide rails 3 are provided in the guide grooves 31 of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2. Since the guide rails 3 are first fixed on the bulkhead and the water tank boss, when the guide grooves 31 of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 are sleeved on the outside of the guide rails 3, the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2 can be placed at corresponding positions on the water tank boss, that is, the guide rails 3 can assist in the positioning of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2; moreover, guide rail connectors 5 are provided on the outside of the guide rails 3 of the lower platform structure 1 and the upper platform structure 2, and the guide rails 3 can be rotated and locked by the guide rail connectors 5 to fix the heightening platform on the water tank boss, without the need for hot work to avoid the burning of pulp bags, and without the need for large-area welding, so that the installation is more convenient;

[0080] The present invention provides a platform connector 6 to detachably fix the upper platform structure 2 above the lower platform structure 1, so as to realize flexible adjustment of the height of the elevated platform, reduce the risk of cargo damage caused by inconsistent loading heights of pulp bales caused by pulp bales of different sizes, and meet the requirement of keeping pulp bales of various specifications level in the cabin;

[0081] The present invention places a heightening platform on the water tank boss so that the pulp bale can be kept level as a whole during the unloading process of the pulp bale, thereby meeting the full lifting operation and improving the loading and unloading efficiency. It also avoids the direct contact between the steel wire and the hook of the lifting beam and the bulkhead, reduces the risk of steel wire breaking, and improves the safety of loading and unloading.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable height-enhancing platform, characterized in that: The invention comprises a lower platform structure (1), an upper platform structure (2) and a guide rail (3) fixed on a bulkhead and a water tank boss; the top surfaces of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) are both provided with lifting eyelets (4) for assisting lifting; the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) are both provided with guide grooves (31) on both sides close to the bulkhead; the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) are respectively sleeved on the guide rail (3) through the guide grooves (31); the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) are both provided with a guide rail connector (5) for rotating and locking the guide rail (3) on one side of the guide rail (3); the upper platform structure (2) is detachably fixed above the lower platform structure (1) through a platform connector (6); The lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) both comprise a thin platform plate (11), a T-shaped beam (12), a reinforcing rib (13) and an oblique supporting rib (14); the T-shaped beam (12) is crisscrossed and distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate (11) to form a square hollow frame; the reinforcing rib (13) is distributed at the bottom of the thin platform plate (11); and the oblique supporting rib (14) is installed on the web of the T-shaped beam (12) around the square hollow frame.

2. The detachable height-enhancing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting eye reinforcement rib (41) is provided at the lifting eye (4).

3. The detachable height-enhancing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the top of the guide rail (3) are arranged as inclined surfaces.

4. The detachable height-enhancing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) are both provided with a plurality of anti-collision blocks (7) on the side walls on both sides close to the bulkhead.

5. The detachable height-enhancing platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: A lifting ring installation groove (42) is provided on the top surface of the thin platform plate (11), and the lifting eye ring (4) is buried in the lifting ring installation groove (42).

6. The detachable height-enhancing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) are provided with a guide rail connector positioning plate (51) on the outer side of the guide groove (31); the guide rail connector positioning plate (51) and the outer groove wall of the guide groove (31) are penetrated with a first mounting hole (52); the guide rail connector (5) comprises a first bolt (53) and a first ingot nut (54); the first bolt (53) is movably inserted into the first mounting hole (52); a locking block (55) is provided at the end of the first bolt (53); the first bolt (53) is rotated so that the locking block (55) extends into the guide groove (31) to lock the guide rail (3); the first ingot nut (54) is movably sleeved on the outer side of the first bolt (53) and is located above the first mounting hole (52).

7. The detachable height-enhancing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) are provided with a plurality of mounting structures (61), and the mounting structures (61) are provided with a second mounting hole (62). The platform connector (6) comprises a second bolt (63) and a second ingot nut (64), and the second bolt (63) is detachably inserted into the second mounting hole (62), and a locking head (65) is provided at the end of the second bolt (63), and the locking head (65) can be clamped at the bottom of the second mounting hole (62); the second ingot nut (64) is movably sleeved on the outer side of the second bolt (63), and the second ingot nut (64) is located above the second mounting hole (62).

8. A design method for a detachable height-enhancing platform, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, the composition of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2): T-shaped beams (12) are distributed crisscrossed at the bottom of the thin platform plate (11) to form a square hollow frame; reinforcing ribs (13) are arranged at the bottom of the thin platform plate (11) where a large fixed concentrated force is applied; and oblique supporting ribs (14) are arranged on the webs of the T-shaped beams (12) around the square hollow frame; Step 2, performing finite element analysis on the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) to determine the strength and stiffness of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2); Step 3, respectively arranging lifting eyelets (4) on the top surfaces of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) for assisting in lifting the lower platform structure (1) or the upper platform structure (2), and arranging lifting eyelet reinforcement ribs (41) at locations where the lifting eyelets (4) are subjected to a larger fixed concentrated force; Step 4, guide grooves (31) are provided through both sides of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) close to the bulkhead, and guide rails (3) are provided through the guide grooves (31) of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) to assist the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) in positioning on the water tank boss; Step 5, the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) are both provided with guide rail connectors (5) on the outer sides of the guide rails (3) for rotating and locking the guide rails (3); Step 6, a platform connector (6) is provided through the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) for detachably fixing the upper platform structure (2) above the lower platform structure (1).

9. The design method of the detachable height-enhancing platform according to claim 8, characterized in that: The finite element analysis steps include: importing the models of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) into the software, defining the material properties of the structures, calculating the allowable stress δ1, performing static analysis and model analysis on the models of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) using the finite element software, obtaining equivalent stress-deformation cloud diagrams of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2), and determining that the maximum stress |δ2| of the lower platform structure (1) and the upper platform structure (2) is less than the allowable stress |δ1|.

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