Carbon dioxide and fresh water capture system and method of capturing thereof

Abstract

The application provides a carbon dioxide and fresh water trapping system and a trapping method thereof, and the system comprises an adsorption fan, a water adsorption runner, a first condenser, a carbon adsorption runner, an air heater, a first regeneration fan, a second regeneration fan, a second condenser, a water storage tank and an air storage tank, the water adsorption runner and the carbon adsorption runner are both divided into an adsorption area and a regeneration area, ambient air sequentially passes through the adsorption fan, the water adsorption runner adsorption area, the first condenser, the carbon adsorption runner adsorption area, the air heater, the first regeneration fan, the carbon adsorption runner regeneration area, the second regeneration fan and the water adsorption runner regeneration area, and finally forms high-carbon steam, the high-carbon steam is condensed by the condenser, and the water and the carbon dioxide are respectively stored in the water storage tank and the air storage tank, the application first proposes a set of system for directly trapping water and carbon dioxide from air, realizes an uninterrupted trapping and regeneration process, and the system has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carbon dioxide and water capture technology, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide and fresh water capture system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the massive combustion of fossil fuels has led to a continuous increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, exacerbating the problem of global warming. Besides reducing carbon dioxide emissions, carbon capture is also crucial for achieving the goals of "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality." Traditional carbon capture methods, such as pre-combustion and post-combustion capture from coal-fired power plants, can mitigate the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. However, only direct capture of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere represents a truly significant "carbon-negative technology" that can substantially reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration.

[0003] Water scarcity remains a serious crisis facing humanity due to the conflict between limited freshwater resources and rapid population growth. Air-to-water harvesting technology, which can directly capture freshwater from the air and has low dependence on geographical water resources, is a promising technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of carbon dioxide capture technology and air-to-water extraction, this invention provides an adsorption rotor-type direct air carbon dioxide and freshwater co-capture system and method, enabling rapid, all-weather capture of carbon dioxide and freshwater from the air.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A carbon dioxide and fresh water capture system includes a fan, a condenser, a rotor, an air heater, a water storage tank, and a gas storage cylinder. The fan includes an adsorption fan and a regeneration fan, and the regeneration fan includes a first regeneration fan and a second regeneration fan. The condenser includes a first condenser and a second condenser. The rotor includes a water adsorption rotor and a carbon adsorption rotor. Both the water adsorption rotor and the carbon adsorption rotor are equipped with electric motors for providing power, and both the water adsorption rotor and the carbon adsorption rotor include an adsorption zone and a regeneration zone inside.

[0007] The adsorption fan, the adsorption zone of the water adsorption wheel, the first condenser, the adsorption zone of the carbon adsorption wheel, the air heater, the first regeneration fan, the regeneration zone of the carbon adsorption wheel, the second regeneration fan, the regeneration zone of the water adsorption wheel, and the second condenser are arranged in sequence with airflow paths. The second condenser is connected to the water storage tank and the gas storage bottle through pipes.

[0008] Furthermore, both the adsorption zone and the regeneration zone of the water adsorption rotor are provided with water adsorbent, and both the adsorption zone and the regeneration zone of the carbon adsorption rotor are provided with carbon dioxide adsorbent.

[0009] Furthermore, the water adsorbent is one or more of the following: basic composite materials, porous materials, hydrogels, and metal-organic framework materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide adsorbent is one or more of the following: amine-functionalized porous materials, amine-functionalized resins, and metal-organic framework materials.

[0011] Furthermore, the area ratio of the adsorption zone to the regeneration zone in the water adsorption rotor and the carbon adsorption rotor is 1:1 to 3:1.

[0012] A method for capturing carbon dioxide and freshwater using a capture system includes the following steps:

[0013] S1: Power is connected, and the motor, fan, and air heating machine begin to run;

[0014] S2: Ambient air is sequentially supplied by an adsorption fan, adsorbed by the adsorption zone of a water adsorption wheel, cooled by a first condenser, adsorbed by the adsorption zone of a carbon adsorption wheel, heated by an air heater, supplied by a first regeneration fan, and regenerated by the regeneration zone of a carbon adsorption wheel, then supplied by a second regeneration fan, and regenerated by the regeneration zone of a water adsorption wheel to form high-carbon vapor. The high-carbon vapor is condensed by a second condenser, and the condensed water and carbon dioxide are stored in a water storage tank and a gas storage cylinder, respectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in:

[0016] 1. The adsorption rotor direct air carbon dioxide and freshwater combined capture system of the present invention uses a rotor to directly capture carbon dioxide and moisture in the air, and uses high-temperature air to regenerate the adsorbent under negative pressure. Compared with the traditional fixed bed capture device, this device has high flexibility, low air pressure drop, and temperature gradient utilization of the regenerated gas, which can effectively improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0017] 2. This invention is the first to propose a system for the direct dual capture of water and carbon dioxide from the air, achieving uninterrupted capture and regeneration processes. The system has a simple structure and is easy to use. Compared with traditional single carbon dioxide capture or air-to-water devices, this device utilizes the principle of temperature-switching adsorption to achieve rapid combined capture of carbon dioxide and water directly from the air, greatly expanding the application boundaries of the two technologies. At the same time, high-temperature air is used to regenerate the adsorbent, and the regenerated mixed gas can be condensed to separate water and carbon dioxide, thereby obtaining high-purity carbon dioxide gas and relatively pure fresh water. This allows both to be utilized or stored, achieving efficient fresh water and carbon dioxide acquisition driven by low energy consumption in all scenarios with complementary matter and energy.

[0018] 3. This invention uses adsorbent materials with good adsorption kinetics. The rotor rotates at a suitable speed. The adsorbent in the adsorption zone can reach the re-adsorption saturation state, and the adsorbent in the regeneration zone can be regenerated and activated before returning to the adsorption zone. Therefore, it can meet the requirements of continuous collection by rotor. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a carbon dioxide and fresh water capture system according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary wheel structure of the present invention.

[0021] The components include: 1. Adsorption fan; 2. Water adsorption rotor; 3. First condenser; 4. Carbon adsorption rotor; 5. Air heater; 6. First regeneration fan; 7. Second regeneration fan; 8. Second condenser; 9. Water storage tank; 10. Gas storage cylinder; 11. Electric motor; 12. Adsorption zone; 13. Regeneration zone. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following is a more detailed description of a carbon dioxide and freshwater capture system and method of the present invention with reference to schematic diagrams, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the invention described herein while still achieving the advantageous effects of the invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as being of general knowledge to those skilled in the art and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A carbon dioxide and freshwater capture system includes an adsorption fan 1, a water adsorption rotor 2, a first condenser 3, a carbon adsorption rotor 4, an air heater 5, a first regeneration fan 6, a second regeneration fan 7, a second condenser 8, a water storage tank 9, and a gas storage cylinder 10. Both the water adsorption rotor 2 and the carbon adsorption rotor 4 are equipped with motors 11, which drive the water adsorption rotor 2 and the carbon adsorption rotor 4 to rotate. The rotation can be uniform or variable speed. The interior of both the water adsorption rotor 2 and the carbon adsorption rotor 4 is divided into an adsorption zone 12 and a regeneration zone 13, with the area ratio of the adsorption zone 12 to the regeneration zone 13 being 1:1 to 3:1.

[0024] The air heater 5 is used to heat the air introduced into the carbon adsorption rotor 4, and its heat source is one or more of the following: electricity, solar energy, geothermal energy and industrial waste heat.

[0025] Both the adsorption zone and the regeneration zone of the water adsorption rotor 2 are equipped with water adsorbents. The water adsorbents are one or more of the following: salt-based composite materials, porous materials, hydrogels, and metal-organic framework materials, such as lithium-impregnated silica gel, lithium-impregnated activated carbon fiber felt, PAM hydrogel, sodium alginate composite gel, and MIL-101(Cr).

[0026] The adsorption zone and regeneration zone of the carbon adsorption rotor 4 are equipped with carbon dioxide adsorbents. The carbon dioxide adsorbents are one or more of the following: amine-functionalized porous materials, amine-functionalized resins, and metal-organic framework materials, such as polyethyleneimine-impregnated silica gel and polyethyleneimine-impregnated activated carbon fiber felt.

[0027] The present invention discloses a carbon dioxide and fresh water capture system, wherein an adsorption fan 1, a water adsorption rotor 2, a first condenser 3, a carbon adsorption rotor 4, an air heater 5, a first regeneration fan 6, a second regeneration fan 7, and a second condenser 8 are connected by an industrial ventilation duct. The second condenser 8 is connected to a water storage tank 9 and a gas storage cylinder 10 by PPR thermoplastic pipes.

[0028] The operation method of a carbon dioxide and freshwater capture system of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0029] When electrical energy is input into the device, the motor 11, fan, and air heater 5 start operating. Ambient air is sent by the adsorption fan 1 to the adsorption zone of the water adsorption rotor 2, where water in the ambient air is adsorbed by the water adsorbent, reducing the humidity of the air. The treated air is then sent to the first condenser 3. The low-temperature, low-humidity air after passing through the first condenser is sent to the adsorption zone of the carbon adsorption rotor 4, where carbon in the air is adsorbed by the carbon dioxide adsorbent. The treated air is then sent to the air heater 5.

[0030] During the regeneration process, high-temperature air from the air heater 5 is drawn by the first regeneration fan 6 through the regeneration zone of the carbon adsorption rotor 4, heating the carbon dioxide adsorbent and causing it to desorb carbon dioxide for regeneration. The treated air is then drawn by the second regeneration fan 7 through the regeneration zone of the water adsorption rotor 2, heating the water adsorbent and causing it to desorb water for regeneration. Afterward, the high-carbon vapor is condensed in the second condenser 8 and flows into the water storage tank 9, while the carbon dioxide is collected and stored in the gas storage cylinder 10.

[0031] In the operation of the carbon dioxide and fresh water capture system of the present invention, the criteria for judging the working status of the water adsorption rotor 2 and the carbon adsorption rotor 4 are whether the concentration of moisture and carbon dioxide in the air output to the environment is lower than the required value, and whether water and carbon dioxide are collected in the water storage tank 9 and the gas storage bottle 10 after a certain period of time.

[0032] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions and content disclosed in the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall be deemed to have remained within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide and freshwater capture system, characterized in that, The system includes a fan, a condenser, a rotor, an air heater, a water storage tank, and a gas storage cylinder. The fan includes an adsorption fan and a regeneration fan, and the regeneration fan includes a first regeneration fan and a second regeneration fan. The condenser includes a first condenser and a second condenser. The rotor includes a water adsorption rotor and a carbon adsorption rotor. Both the water adsorption rotor and the carbon adsorption rotor are equipped with electric motors for providing power, and both the water adsorption rotor and the carbon adsorption rotor include an adsorption zone and a regeneration zone inside. The adsorption fan, the adsorption zone of the water adsorption wheel, the first condenser, the adsorption zone of the carbon adsorption wheel, the air heater, the first regeneration fan, the regeneration zone of the carbon adsorption wheel, the second regeneration fan, the regeneration zone of the water adsorption wheel, and the second condenser are connected by ventilation ducts and arranged in sequence. The second condenser is connected to the water storage tank and the gas storage bottle by pipes. Both the adsorption zone and the regeneration zone of the water adsorption rotor are equipped with water adsorbent, and both the adsorption zone and the regeneration zone of the carbon adsorption rotor are equipped with carbon dioxide adsorbent. The water adsorbent is one or a mixture of lithium-impregnated silica gel, lithium-impregnated activated carbon fiber felt, PAM hydrogel, sodium alginate composite gel and MIL-101(Cr). The carbon dioxide adsorbent is one or a mixture of polyethyleneimine-impregnated silica gel and polyethyleneimine-impregnated activated carbon fiber felt.

2. The carbon dioxide and freshwater capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area ratio of the adsorption zone to the regeneration zone in the water adsorption rotor and the carbon adsorption rotor is 1:1 to 3:

1.

3. A method for capturing carbon dioxide and freshwater using a carbon dioxide and freshwater capture system as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Power is connected, and the motor, fan, and air heating machine begin to run; S2: Ambient air is sequentially supplied by an adsorption fan, adsorbed by the adsorption zone of a water adsorption wheel, cooled by a first condenser, adsorbed by the adsorption zone of a carbon adsorption wheel, heated by an air heater, supplied by a first regeneration fan, and regenerated by the regeneration zone of a carbon adsorption wheel, then supplied by a second regeneration fan, and regenerated by the regeneration zone of a water adsorption wheel to form high-carbon vapor. The high-carbon vapor is condensed by a second condenser, and the condensed water and carbon dioxide are stored in a water storage tank and a gas storage cylinder, respectively.

Images