Realize the continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" with double roadway layout

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of coal mining, and particularly to the technology for continuous and sequential mining of "negative coal pillars" with double roadway layout. Considering the limitation of large-sized coal pillars to be left in the existing double roadway driving technology for long advancing distance working faces, and the problems such as isolated working faces occurring in skip mining with gob-side entry driving technology and the inability to ensure ventilation and material transportation. A technology for continuous and sequential mining of "negative coal pillars" with double roadway layout is proposed. The present invention is applicable to coal seams with relatively large thickness, where the upper and lower roadways can be longitudinally arranged; it is required that the water inflow of the working face is relatively small to avoid a large amount of water inflow during the mining of the subsequent working face. In this method, the auxiliary transportation roadway along the roof can serve as the process measure roadway for the subsequent working face, achieving purposes such as top coal weakening, gas drainage or pressure relief, realizing the "multi-purpose use of one roadway" for the auxiliary transportation roadway along the roof, and having more technical and economic advantages for coal seams with hard coal quality, high gas mines and coal seams with dynamic disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal mining, and particularly to the technology of continuous and sequential mining of "negative coal pillars" for double roadway layout. Background Art

[0002] A working face with an extremely long advancing distance usually refers to a working face that advances a distance of one kilometer or more along the strike. And within a certain range, extending the advancing distance of the working face can achieve high-yield and high-efficiency production in the underground working face, achieving the effect of increasing efficiency and reducing the number of employees, which is conducive to promoting the development of highly concentrated coal mine production. When the advancing distance is too long, it is difficult for the air duct and local fan to meet the minimum requirements of underground ventilation, and the material transportation becomes increasingly difficult. The double roadway driving technology can solve the problems of ventilation and auxiliary transportation in the working face with an extremely long advancing distance. During the double roadway driving process, a relatively large-sized coal pillar needs to be left between the two roadways. The left coal pillar will not only be affected by the mining of the first working face, but also serve the subsequent working face. Therefore, the coal pillar needs to undergo multiple mining influences. Usually, a coal pillar with a size of 30 m or even larger is left for double roadway layout, resulting in problems such as a reduced recovery rate of coal resources in the mining area and a large amount of coal loss.

[0003] A gob-side entry is a return airway driven along the goaf of the upper section working face. Gob-side entry driving has the characteristics of high recovery rate, easy maintenance and driving of the roadway, and is widely promoted and used in China. This technology has currently been successfully applied to mines under conventional and complex conditions such as isolated working faces, deep coal seam groups, and impact-prone coal seams, including thin, medium-thick, and thick coal seams. After gob-side entry driving, the movement of the overlying strata usually lasts for one year or even longer. Therefore, skip mining is required, and mining is resumed in the adjacent goaf area after the overlying strata of the goaf are stable. If direct continuous mining is carried out, that is, directly driving a return airway along the goaf of the previous working face and carrying out mining, it will be affected by the movement of the overlying strata of the previous goaf, and the safety of the gob-side entry cannot be guaranteed.

[0004] In summary, for a working face with an extremely long advancing distance using the traditional double roadway driving technology, if a relatively large-sized coal pillar is left, problems such as low recovery rate and a large amount of coal loss will occur; while if a relatively small-sized coal pillar is left, although the recovery rate of coal resources is increased, due to multiple mining influences, the difficulty of roadway maintenance is extremely high, which is not conducive to efficient underground production. At the same time, when using the gob-side entry driving technology, not only skip mining is required, and isolated working faces are likely to appear, but also the ventilation and transportation of materials cannot be guaranteed.

[0005] In summary, aiming at the problems of double roadway layout and driving in ultra-long advancing distances that are common in modern large mines, and the gob-side entry driving technology cannot be applied in the mining of ultra-long advancing distance working faces. Therefore, based on solving the above problems, this invention patent proposes the "negative coal pillar" continuous and sequential mining technology for double roadway layout to form technological innovation and achieve the goals of "continuous" and "sequential" mining. The mining technology successfully solves the problem that large-sized coal pillars are left during the period of ensuring safe, high-yield and efficient service of traditional double roadways, resulting in serious coal loss and a large amount of lost coal; it changes the limitation that gob-side roadways need to adopt skip mining; the top-coal auxiliary transportation roadway can be used as the process roadway for the subsequent working face, achieving the purposes of weakening top coal, gas drainage or pressure relief, etc., so as to realize "one roadway for multiple uses". Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose the "negative coal pillar" continuous and sequential mining technology for double roadway layout to solve the technical limitation problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] a. Double roadways are formed along the coal seam roof on one side of the first mining working face in the district or panel. A large-sized coal pillar is reserved between the double roadways, and connection roadways are set at a certain interval distance.

[0009] b. The return airway on the other side of the first mining working face in the district or panel is arranged along the coal seam floor. The floor roadway and the top roadway near the proximal end of the first mining working face form a production system. There is a ramp section along the floor of the working face towards the top roadway near the proximal end of the working face, and it slopes up at 3°, 6°, 9°, 12°, 15° (n sections), 12°, 9°, 6°, 3°, where the value of n is determined according to the difference between the coal seam thickness and the height of the top roadway mentioned above.

[0010] c. During the mining of the first mining working face in the district or panel, double roadways are arranged in the same way at the distal end of the subsequent working face. After the double roadways reach the mining boundary, they cut a roadway towards the gob side of the first mining working face to reach the position where the gob-side entry driving with "negative coal pillar" is located.

[0011] d. The gob-side roadway is driven in the same direction with a certain distance lagging behind the working face. During the driving process, connection roadways are arranged at a certain distance from the distal roadway of the first mining working face. The layout scheme of the connection roadways refers to patent protection right b.

[0012] e. Using the top-coal auxiliary transportation roadway of the first mining working face, the gob-side entry driving with "negative coal pillar", part of the cut roadway of the subsequent working face, and the top double roadways on one side of the subsequent working face can form the ventilation and auxiliary transportation system during the gob-side entry driving with "negative coal pillar" and the mining of the subsequent working face.

[0013] f. During the mining of the continuous face formed by the gob-side entry driving and the roof-entry roadway at the proximal end of the subsequent working face, the roof-entry auxiliary haulage roadway in the first mining face can be used as a process roadway to achieve goals such as top coal weakening, gas drainage, or pressure relief, thus realizing the "multi-use of one roadway".

[0014] g. Utilize the roof-entry auxiliary haulage roadway as a process measure roadway to continue serving the subsequent working face, thereby forming a continuous and sequential mining technology for the "negative coal pillar" with double roadway layout.

[0015] According to the method of the present invention, preferably, it is applicable to the continuous and sequential mining technology for the "negative coal pillar" with double roadway layout.

[0016] Specifically, in step a, a double roadway layout is formed along the coal seam roof on one side of the first mining face in the district or panel. A large-sized coal pillar is reserved between the double roadways, and connecting roadways are set at a certain interval distance.

[0017] In step b, the return airway on the other side of the first mining face in the district or panel is arranged along the coal seam floor. The floor roadway and the roof-entry roadway near the proximal end of the first mining face form a production system. There is a ramp section along the floor of the working face towards the roof-entry roadway near the proximal end of the working face, and it ramps according to 3°, 6°, 9°, 12°, 15° (n sections), 12°, 9°, 6°, 3°, where the value of n is determined based on the difference between the coal seam thickness and the height of the roof-entry roadway.

[0018] In step c, during the mining of the first mining face in the district or panel, the double roadways are arranged in the same way at the distal end of the subsequent working face. After the double roadways reach the mining boundary, they cut a roadway towards the gob side of the first mining face until reaching the location of the gob-side entry driving of the "negative coal pillar".

[0019] In step d, the gob-side roadway is driven in the same direction with a certain distance lagging behind the working face. During the driving process, connecting roadways are arranged at a certain distance from the distal roadway of the first mining face, and the layout scheme of the connecting roadways refers to patent protection right b.

[0020] In step e, using the roof-entry auxiliary haulage roadway in the first mining face, part of the gob-side entry driving of the "negative coal pillar", the cut roadway of the subsequent working face, and the double roof-entry roadways on one side of the subsequent working face can form the ventilation and auxiliary haulage system during the mining of the gob-side entry driving of the "negative coal pillar" and the subsequent working face.

[0021] In step f, during the mining of the continuous face formed by the gob-side entry driving and the roof-entry roadway at the proximal end of the subsequent working face, the roof-entry auxiliary haulage roadway in the first mining face can be used as a process roadway to achieve goals such as top coal weakening, gas drainage, or pressure relief, thus realizing the "multi-use of one roadway".

[0022] In step g, the top auxiliary haulage roadway is used as a technological measure roadway to continue serving the subsequent working face, thus forming a "negative coal pillar" continuous and sequential mining technology with double roadway layout.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the "negative coal pillar" continuous and sequential mining technology with double roadway layout provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] (1) High coal recovery rate. The gob-side roadway can be completely arranged along the gob area of the working face, and "continuous" mining without coal pillars can be formed between the working faces. Moreover, the top auxiliary haulage roadway of the working face can pre-weak the top coal of the subsequent working face, significantly improving the caving rate of the top coal and maximizing the coal recovery rate.

[0025] (2) High roadway utilization rate. The auxiliary haulage roadway of the working face is arranged along the coal seam roof. The roof is more stable than the floor when arranging the roadway, and it is easier to play the active support role of bolts / cables. The gob-side drivage roadway and the top roadway form a "negative coal pillar" layout system. The top of it is the caved gangue in the gob area of the previous working face, with small overlying rock bearing, relatively low requirements for roadway support, and is conducive to roadway maintenance.

[0026] (3) High mining safety. There are no coal pillars and no non-caving top coal parts at the end face between the gob-side roadway and the gob area, greatly reducing the spontaneous combustion risk in the gob area caused by these two parts during the thick coal seam mining; the top auxiliary haulage roadway can improve the risk of high gas, strong mine pressure and other dynamic disasters. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of double roadway layout for a working face with an ultra-long advancing distance in the prior art

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of double roadway layout for the mining face and the subsequent working face on one side of the mining method of the present invention

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the A-A cross-section of double roadway layout for the mining face and the subsequent working face on one side of the mining method of the present invention Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In this embodiment, in the first step, a double roadway layout is formed along the coal seam roof on one side of the first mining working face in the mining area or panel. A large-sized coal pillar is reserved between the double roadways, and connecting roadways are set at a certain interval.

[0032] In the second step, the return airway on the other side of the first mining face in the mining area or panel district is arranged along the coal seam floor. The roadway along the floor and the roadway along the roof near the proximal end of the first mining face form a production system. There is a ramp section along the floor of the working face towards the roadway along the roof near the proximal end of the working face, and it ramps up at angles of 3°, 6°, 9°, 12°, 15° (n sections), 12°, 9°, 6°, 3°. The value of n is determined based on the difference between the coal seam thickness and the height of the roadway along the roof.

[0033] In the third step, during the mining of the first mining face in the mining area or panel district, double roadways are arranged in the same way at the distal end of the subsequent working face. After the double roadways reach the mining boundary, a cutting eye is opened towards the gob side of the first mining face until it reaches the location of the gob-side entry along the goaf edge with "negative coal pillar".

[0034] In the fourth step, the gob-side entry is driven in the same direction with a certain distance lagging behind the working face. During the driving process, crossheadings are arranged at a certain distance from the distal roadway of the first mining face. The arrangement plan of the crossheadings refers to Patent Protection Right b.

[0035] In the fifth step, the gob-side entry along the goaf edge with "negative coal pillar" and the ventilation and auxiliary transportation system during the mining of the subsequent working face can be formed by using the auxiliary transportation roadway along the roof of the first mining face, the part of the gob-side entry along the goaf edge with "negative coal pillar", the cutting eye of the subsequent working face, and the double roadway along the roof on one side of the subsequent working face.

[0036] In the sixth step, during the mining of the subsequent working face formed by the gob-side entry along the goaf edge and the roadway along the roof near the proximal end of the subsequent working face, the auxiliary transportation roadway along the roof of the first mining face can be used as a process roadway to continue to achieve goals such as weakening the top coal, gas drainage, or pressure relief, thus realizing "multiple uses of one roadway".

[0037] In the seventh step, the auxiliary transportation roadway along the roof is used as a process measure roadway to continue to serve the subsequent working face, thereby forming a continuous and sequential mining technology for the gob-side entry along the goaf edge with "negative coal pillar" in a double-roadway layout.

Claims

1. Implement the continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" with double roadway layout, Characterized in that, It includes the following processes: a: On one side of the first mining face in the mining area or panel district, a double roadway layout is formed along the coal seam roof. A large-sized coal pillar is reserved between the double roadways, and connecting roadways are set at a certain interval distance. b: On the other side of the first mining face in the mining area or panel district, the return roadway is arranged along the coal seam floor. The floor roadway and the roof roadway near the proximal end of the first mining face form a production system. There is a ramp section along the floor of the working face towards the roof roadway near the proximal end of the working face, and it slopes at 3°, 6°, 9°, 12°, 15° (n sections), 12°, 9°, 6°, 3°, where the value of n is determined according to the difference between the coal seam thickness and the height of the roof roadway. c: During the mining of the first mining face in the mining area or panel district, double roadways are arranged in the same way at the distal end of the subsequent working face. After the double roadways reach the mining boundary, a cutting eye is opened towards the gob side of the first mining face until it reaches the location of the "negative coal pillar" gob-side entry. d: The gob-side entry is driven in the same direction with a certain distance behind the working face. During the driving process, connecting roadways are arranged at a certain distance from the distal roadway of the first mining face. The layout plan of the connecting roadways refers to claim b of the patent protection right. e: Using the roof auxiliary haulage roadway of the first mining face, the part formed by the "negative coal pillar" gob-side entry, the cutting eye of the subsequent working face, and the double roof roadways on one side of the subsequent working face can form the ventilation and auxiliary haulage system during the mining of the "negative coal pillar" gob-side entry and the subsequent working face. f: During the mining of the subsequent working face formed by the gob-side entry and the proximal roof roadway of the subsequent working face, the roof auxiliary haulage roadway of the first mining face can be used as a process roadway to continue to achieve goals such as weakening the top coal, gas drainage, or pressure relief, so as to achieve "multiple uses of one roadway". g: Using the roof auxiliary haulage roadway as a process measure roadway to continue to serve the subsequent working face, thus forming the continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" with double roadway layout.

2. The continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" with double roadway layout according to claim 1, Characterized in that, In step a, on one side of the first mining face in the mining area or panel district, a double roadway layout is formed along the coal seam roof. A large-sized coal pillar is reserved between the double roadways, and connecting roadways are set at a certain interval distance.

3. The continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" with double roadway layout according to claim 1, Characterized in that, In step b, on the other side of the first mining face in the mining area or panel district, the return roadway is arranged along the coal seam floor. The floor roadway and the roof roadway near the proximal end of the first mining face form a production system. There is a ramp section along the floor of the working face towards the roof roadway near the proximal end of the working face, and it slopes at 3°, 6°, 9°, 12°, 15° (n sections), 12°, 9°, 6°, 3°, where the value of n is determined according to the difference between the coal seam thickness and the height of the roof roadway.

4. The continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" with double roadway layout according to claim 1, Characterized in that, In step c, during the coal mining of the first mining face in a mining area or panel district, double roadways are arranged in the same way at the far end of the subsequent working face. After the double roadways reach the mining boundary, a cutting roadway is opened towards the goaf side of the first mining face until it reaches the position where the gob-side entry along the "negative coal pillar" is located.

5. The continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" for realizing double roadway layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step d, the gob-side roadway is driven in the same direction with a certain distance lagging behind the working face. During the driving process, crossheadings are arranged at a certain distance from the roadway at the far end of the first mining face. The layout plan of the crossheadings refers to patent protection right b.

6. The continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" for realizing double roadway layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step e, the gob-side entry along the "negative coal pillar" and the ventilation and auxiliary transportation system during the coal mining of the subsequent working face can be formed by using the auxiliary transportation roadway along the roof of the first mining face, the formed part of the gob-side entry along the "negative coal pillar", the cutting roadway of the subsequent working face, and the double roadways along the roof on one side of the subsequent working face.

7. The continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" for realizing double roadway layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step f, during the coal mining of the subsequent face formed by the gob-side entry and the roadway along the roof at the proximal end of the subsequent working face, the auxiliary transportation roadway along the roof of the first mining face can be used as a technological roadway to continue to achieve goals such as weakening the top coal, gas drainage or pressure relief, so as to realize the "multi-purpose use of one roadway".

8. The continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" for realizing double roadway layout according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step g, the auxiliary transportation roadway along the roof is used as a technological measure roadway to continue to serve the subsequent working face, thereby forming the continuous and sequential mining technology of "negative coal pillar" with double roadway layout.

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