Soil processing apparatus and method for creating substantially vertical holes in soil

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil processing device for generating a substantially vertically extending hole in the soil, which is provided with a support liquid, with a base body, a connection device which is arranged at an upper end region of the base body, and a soil removal device and / or a soil extrusion device which is arranged at a lower end region of the base body. According to the invention, a first pressure measuring device is arranged at a lower region of the base body for measuring a first ambient pressure and a second pressure measuring device is arranged at an upper region of the base body which is vertically spaced apart from the lower region for measuring a second ambient pressure. Furthermore, the invention comprises a method for generating a substantially vertical hole in the soil with such a soil processing device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a soil processing device for generating a substantially vertically extending hole in the soil, which is provided with a support liquid, with a base body, a connection device, which is arranged at an upper end region of the base body, and a soil removal device and / or a soil extrusion device, which is arranged at a lower end region of the base body.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for generating a substantially vertical hole in the soil with such a soil processing device. BACKGROUND

[0003] For example, for the generation of a foundation pile in the soil it is known to generate a hole in the soil with a soil processing tool, for example a drill bucket. Depending on the type of the surrounding soil, the drilling can be manufactured as a cased or uncased drilling. In particular, in the case of an uncased drilling a support liquid should be provided, which supports the drilling against collapse.

[0004] In the use of a drill bucket, a discontinuous drilling should be carried out. In the drilling, the drill bucket is filled with removed soil material until it is completely or at least as far as possible filled. Then the drill bucket should be pulled out of the hole filled with liquid, wherein the drilling instrument is swung on the surface into an emptying position, at which the drill bucket can be emptied. Subsequently, the drill bucket is swung back and driven into the drilling again in order to carry out a further drilling step.

[0005] In the generation of a hole in the soil filled with a support liquid, the problem arises that a negative pressure can occur in the hole below the soil processing device when pulling back the soil processing device. If this negative pressure is too great, soil material can fall from the side wall into the hole. This fallen soil material not only means additional work in order to retrieve it from the hole. Rather, in such a fall there is the danger of a so-called soil collapse, wherein the soil surrounding the material fallen into the hole is weakened and destabilized so much that a larger settlement movement in the surrounding area of the hole occurs. Thereby, existing buildings can be damaged or also building machines can be tipped over. Soil collapse is a significant danger to people and objects, so that comprehensive precautions against such a soil collapse should be taken.

[0006] In order to avoid such a danger by a negative pressure below the soil processing device when pulling upwards, it is known to keep the pulling back speed of the soil processing tool low, so that a sufficient pressure equalization between the upper side and the lower side of the soil processing device in the hole can be achieved.

[0007] Furthermore, in the discontinuous method for generating a hole, for example with a drill bucket, the problem arises that the correct filling of the drill bucket can only be controlled with difficulty. Because the removed soil material often has a different volume than the existing fixed soil when drilling into the soil.

[0008] If the drill bucket is not sufficiently filled in the drilling step, additional drilling steps are required. This means additional time and cost expenditure. If, on the contrary, the drill bucket is overfilled, the soil material can be so strongly sealed in the drill bucket that it does not fall out of the drill bucket of its own accord when emptied by turning over the soil. An additional manual process for emptying and cleaning the drill bucket is then required. This likewise means additional time and cost expenditure. SUMMARY

[0009] The invention is based on the task of specifying a soil processing device and method with which a hole can be generated in the soil in a particularly efficient manner.

[0010] The task is solved by the soil processing device according to the invention on the one hand and by the method according to the invention on the other hand. The invention has a plurality of preferred embodiments.

[0011] The soil processing device according to the invention is characterized in that a first pressure measuring device is arranged at a lower region of the base body for measuring a first ambient pressure and a second pressure measuring device is arranged at an upper region of the base body for measuring a second ambient pressure, the upper region being vertically spaced apart from the lower region.

[0012] The underlying idea of the invention can be seen in that at least two pressure measuring devices are provided at the base body of the soil processing device. The pressure measuring devices are arranged here such that they are located in the drill hole at a lower region of the base body and at an upper region of the base body. In this way, a first ambient pressure can be measured in the drill hole in the lower region of the base body and, spaced apart therefrom, a second ambient pressure at the upper region of the base body. Since the fixed distance of the two pressure measuring devices must result in an essentially constant pressure difference when comparing the two measured ambient pressures, which depends on the concentration of the support liquid, deviations with respect to this pressure difference or deviations between the measurements of the two pressure measuring devices enable a prediction, for example, as to whether a negative pressure is built up below the soil processing device or the filling of the base body increases or decreases. The values or data of the pressure measuring devices can thus be used for a reliable and efficient operation of the soil processing device.

[0013] In principle, the pressure measuring devices can be of arbitrary construction, for example as electronic pressure sensors. A preferred embodiment of the invention is that the first pressure measuring device and / or the second pressure measuring device has at least one hollow measuring body, which is filled with a measuring fluid. The measuring body can here be a pipe body or a measuring body composed of pipe bodies. As measuring fluid, a liquid or a gas can be provided. Preferably, water or oil is used as measuring fluid. With the measuring fluid, one or more sensor devices can then be protected in connection.

[0014] A particularly good pressure measurement can be obtained according to the improvement of the application by the fact that the measuring body has at least one flexible measuring surface, which is in contact with the surroundings. The measuring surface can be a membrane, a diaphragm or a fluid-tight fabric, through which the pressure of the surroundings outside can be transmitted to the measuring fluid by a supporting liquid or soil material. The measuring surface can be protected if necessary by a protective device, if necessary with a perforated protective sleeve, for example by a grid.

[0015] In principle, the measuring body can be designed as any hollow body. Particularly efficiently, the measuring body is configured in the shape of a tube. The measuring body can be manufactured here from standard materials in the shape of a tube. The tube-shaped measuring body can have a circular ring cross-section or a four-edged or other polygonal cross-section.

[0016] For a particularly convincing pressure measurement at the height of the soil-working tool, it is advantageous according to the improvement of the application that the measuring body is arranged essentially horizontally. Preferably, the measuring body can extend horizontally partially or entirely around the periphery of the soil-working device, so that a reliable pressure measurement can be achieved. Horizontally in the sense of the application means, for example, an orientation perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the soil-working tool and perpendicular to the drilling direction.

[0017] In principle, the application can be implemented by two or more separate pressure measurement devices, which can also have electronic sensors. A particularly efficient measuring assembly according to the embodiment variant of the application consists in that a first pressure measurement device and a second pressure measurement device are in fluid connection via a connecting line and a sensor device is arranged at the connecting line, with which the pressure difference between the first pressure at the first pressure measurement device and the second pressure at the second pressure measurement device can be acquired. The pressure difference can be acquired here alternatively or preferably in addition to the two individual pressure measurements. The direct measurement of the pressure difference allows a particularly reliable prediction as to, for example, whether a pressure difference is built up at the lower end of the soil-working device, as can occur from the hole, for example, when the soil-working device is pulled too quickly.

[0018] In principle, the soil processing device can be configured in any manner. According to the improvement according to the application, it is preferred that the soil processing device is configured as a removal drill, as an extrusion drill or as a slotter. The removal drill has material-removing removal elements, such as cutting teeth, chisels or roller chisels, at its underside. The drill can be a drill bucket, a drill screw or in particular another non-continuous working drill. In addition, the soil processing device can be configured as an extrusion drill. The extrusion drill has at least one extrusion face, which, upon rotational drive, extrudes the exposed or removed soil material substantially radially into the drill wall. A combination between the removal drill and the extrusion drill can also be provided. Furthermore, the soil processing device can also be a slotter, which has at least one or preferably a plurality of milling wheels at its lower end, which are driven in rotation about a rotational axis oriented transversely to the direction of advance.

[0019] With the aid of the slotter, the hole or the milled slot can also be generated with an angled cross section. Upon pulling the slotter, there is also a risk of soil collapse upon too rapid pulling, without sufficient pressure balance between the upper side and the underside of the slotter.

[0020] The application furthermore comprises a soil processing machine, which is provided with the soil processing device described previously for generating a hole in the soil, which can be arranged vertically adjustable and drivable.

[0021] Preferably, such a soil processing machine has a carrier unit with an upper structure, which is rotatably supported on a lower structure, which can be advanced. The lower structure can in particular have a crawler track. The soil processing machine can in particular be a slotter device or a drilling machine with a carrier unit. At the upper structure, a substantially vertically directed column is preferably arranged, along which the soil processing device can be supported vertically adjustable.

[0022] According to the improvement according to the application, it is preferred that a control unit is provided, which is in data connection with the first pressure measuring device, the second pressure measuring device and / or the sensor device. The control unit can here record the pressure curve and / or carry out a control of the processing machine depending on the determined values and data.

[0023] It is particularly preferred here that a control unit is configured to control the vertical movement and / or the rotational drive of the soil processing device depending on the data delivered by the first pressure measuring device, the second pressure measuring device and / or the sensor device. If, for example, a pressure difference between the two pressure measuring devices is determined which increases, this can be an indication of the build-up of a negative pressure at the soil processing device. In this case, the vertical movement, for example when pulling the device from the hole, is stopped or reduced in this respect until the pressure difference is again set at a preset limit value. In the same way, the rotational drive, for example in the drilling machine or the rotational drive at the milling wheel, can be changed depending on the pressure value, wherein, for example, the pressure value can be a measure of how much and especially whether too much or too little soil material is removed.

[0024] A further preferred embodiment variant of the soil processing machine according to the application can be that the control unit is configured to determine the degree of filling on the basis of the data on the pressure at the soil processing device. If, for example, the filling of the drill bucket with filling material increases in the case of the drill bucket, this can be determined at the first pressure measuring device, in particular below, at a determined pressure value. In principle, the pressure at the lower pressure measuring device increases with increasing degree of filling and thus with increasing live load at the removed soil material.

[0025] If a determined limit value is reached here, this can be regarded as a sign that a sufficient degree of filling for the drill bucket is reached. Alternatively or additionally, it can be determined in the ongoing drilling drive when the drill bucket is completely filled that no change in the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring devices occurs or that a further change in the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring devices occurs. This can be regarded as a sign that a determined complete degree of filling is given in the soil processing device with the receiving space.

[0026] In the method according to the application it is provided that the hole is filled with a support liquid when it is generated and that a first ambient pressure in a lower region of the soil processing device is measured by means of a first pressure measuring device and a second ambient pressure in an upper region of the soil processing device is measured by means of a second pressure measuring device. The method according to the application can be carried out in particular with the previously described soil processing device or with the previously described soil processing machine. The previously described advantages can be obtained here.

[0027] An advantageous method variant is that the first pressure measuring device and the second pressure measuring device are fluidically connected via a connecting line and that a sensor device is arranged at the connecting line with which the pressure difference between the first pressure at the first pressure measuring device and the second pressure at the second pressure measuring device is acquired. With the sensor device the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring devices can be acquired here in a particularly efficient manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The application is subsequently further described according to a preferred embodiment, which is schematically presented in the attached drawings. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 a perspective view of a part of a soil processing device according to the application is shown; and

[0030] Figure 2 a detail of a soil processing device according to the application is shown, which relates to a pressure measuring assembly. Figure 1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] A soil processing device 10 according to the application, which is constructed as a drill bucket, is explained in conjunction with Figure 1 and 2 In the soil processing device 10, for reasons of overview, a tubular housing is omitted, which encloses the base body 12. At the underside of the base body 12, a bottom 14 is arranged, which has a soil removal device 30 at its underside. Via an unrepresented opening in the bottom, removed soil material can be accommodated in an accommodation space inside the base body 12. The bottom 14 is supported swingably about a horizontally directed swing axis 15. In this way, the bottom 14 can be swung down for emptying the drill bucket.

[0032] The housing about the base body 12 is closed upwards by a cover plate 18, on which a connection device 20 is mounted for connection with a drill rod. The connection device 20 is constructed as a so-called Kelly box in the presented embodiment, which can accommodate a square end of a drill rod. By means of laterally directed locking bolts, the drill rod can thus be accommodated and fixed in the sleeve-shaped connection device 20 in a torsion-proof manner.

[0033] According to the application, the soil processing device 10 is provided with a pressure measuring assembly 40, which has a first pressure measuring device 41 at a lower region of the base body 12 and a second pressure measuring device 42 at an upper region of the base body 12. The lower first pressure measuring device 41 has a first hollow measuring body 45a, which is constructed annularly from three tubular elements. The outwardly directed outer measuring elements are constructed arcuately in correspondence with the outer peripheral radius of the base body 12. In particular, at the inner side of the first hollow measuring body 45a, a flexible measuring surface 48 can be arranged, which can deform in correspondence with the outer pressure caused by the occurring support liquid with the removed soil material and thus transfer the outer pressure onto the inner measuring fluid.

[0034] The first hollow measuring body 45a is constructed here parallel to the horizontal bottom 14 and can be in contact with the outside or the outer surroundings via a recess in the bottom 14. A corresponding recess is likewise constructed in the cover plate 18, wherein a channel 17 is formed along the base body 12 by the inner wall 16, through which the support suspension can flow along the base body 12.

[0035] ​The upper second pressure measuring device 42 has a second annular hollow measuring body 45b, which is formed by four tube-shaped elements. Here, the second hollow measuring body 45b extends annularly around the connection device 20 at the upper side of the cover plate 18. The second hollow measuring body 45b is likewise configured with a flexible measuring surface for acquiring the external ambient pressure, which can be transmitted to the internal measuring fluid.

[0036] The first pressure measuring device 41 and the second pressure measuring device 42 are fluidically connected via a connecting line 44, which extends axially along the base body 12. In order to protect the connecting line 44, an inner wall 16 is provided, which separates and protects the connecting line 44 at the bottom 14 and likewise the first pressure measuring device 41 from the removed soil material in the interior space of the base body 12 as far as possible. At the cover plate 18, a sensor device 50 is coupled at the connecting line 44, with which the pressure difference between the first pressure measuring device 41 and the second pressure measuring device 42 can be determined.

[0037] The sensor device 50 can have a conventional pressure sensor or likewise a flow meter, which determines the movement of the measuring fluid in the pressure measuring assembly 40 on the basis of the different pressures at the first pressure measuring device 41 and the second pressure measuring device 42. Furthermore, a pressure sensor can also be arranged at both pressure measuring devices 41, 42, respectively, with which the absolute pressure can be determined, respectively. The sensor device 50 and the further sensor are connected to a control unit of the soil processing machine, which is not represented, wherein the control unit controls the vertical movement of the soil processing device 10 and / or a rotational drive for rotating the soil processing device 10 in accordance with the determined pressure values.

[0038] In the embodiment presented, the pressure measuring devices 41, 42 are arranged at the outside. When it is desired to acquire the degree of filling, the first pressure measuring device 41 can be arranged in a containing space in the interior of the base body 12.

Claims

1. A soil processing device for creating a substantially vertically extending hole in soil, wherein, The bore is provided with a support liquid, with - a base body (12), - a connection device (20), which is arranged at an upper end region of the base body (12), and - a soil removal device (30) and / or a soil extrusion device, which is arranged at a lower end region of the base body (12), characterized in that a first pressure measuring device (41) is arranged at a lower region of the base body (12) for measuring a first ambient pressure below the soil processing device and a second pressure measuring device (42) is arranged at an upper region of the base body (12), which is vertically spaced from the lower region, for measuring a second ambient pressure, wherein a pressure difference between the first ambient pressure and the second ambient pressure is acquired.

2. Soil processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first pressure measuring device (41) and / or the second pressure measuring device (42) has at least one hollow measuring body (45a, 45b), which is filled with a measuring fluid.

3. Soil processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the measuring body (45a, 45b) has at least one flexible measuring surface (48), which is in contact with the ambient.

4. Soil processing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the measuring body (45a, 45b) is configured in a tube shape.

5. Soil processing device according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the measuring body (45a, 45b) is arranged essentially horizontally.

6. Soil processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first pressure measuring device (41) and the second pressure measuring device (42) are in fluid connection via a connection line (44) and at the connection line (44) a sensor device (50) is arranged, with which the pressure difference can be acquired.

7. Soil processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the soil processing device is configured as a removal drill, an extrusion drill or a slotter.

8. Soil processing machine, which is provided with a soil processing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that for the generation of a bore in the soil, the soil processing device (10) is arranged vertically adjustable and drivable.

9. Soil processing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that provided with a carrier unit with an upper structure, which is rotatably supported on a lower structure, which is travelable.

10. Soil processing machine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the first pressure measuring device (41) and the second pressure measuring device (42) are in fluid connection via a connection line (44) and at the connection line (44) a sensor device (50) is arranged, with which the pressure difference can be acquired, and provided with a control unit, which is in data connection with the first pressure measuring device (41), the second pressure measuring device (42) and / or the sensor device (50).

11. Soil processing machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the control unit is configured to control the vertical movement and / or the rotary drive of the soil processing device (10) depending on data delivered by the first pressure measuring device (41), the second pressure measuring device (42) and / or the sensor device.

12. Soil processing machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the control unit is configured to determine the degree of filling on the basis of data about the pressure at the soil processing device (10).

13. Method for generating a substantially vertical hole in soil with a soil processing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or a soil processing machine according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the hole being filled with a support liquid when being generated and the first ambient pressure in the area below the soil processing device being measured by means of the first pressure measuring device (41) and the second ambient pressure in the area above the soil processing device (10) being measured by means of the second pressure measuring device (42).

14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the first pressure measuring device (41) and the second pressure measuring device (42) are fluidically connected via a connecting line (44) and a sensor device (50) is arranged at the connecting line (44) with which the pressure difference is acquired.

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