Atmospheric turbulence simulator

Abstract

The application discloses an atmospheric turbulence simulator, which comprises a light source, a target, a first lens unit, a light splitting unit, a spatial light modulator, a first diaphragm unit, a second lens unit and a detector. The light beam generated by the light source passes through the target, becomes a parallel light beam through the first lens unit, is transmitted through the light splitting unit again, is reflected by the spatial light modulator and the light splitting unit again, enters the first diaphragm unit to be limited in diameter, is changed into an image square telecentric light beam through the second lens unit, is focused on the detector to form an image, and the detection of the target in different atmospheric turbulence environments is realized. The atmospheric turbulence simulator provided by the application has robustness, can realize the change of atmospheric conditions and the change of propagation distance, and thus makes the system device more flexible and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of atmospheric optics, and more particularly to an atmospheric turbulence simulator. Background Technology

[0002] Atmospheric turbulence is a non-uniform and disordered medium. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, atmospheric optics and optical communication technologies have also made significant progress. When light propagates in atmospheric turbulence, the refractive index changes caused by turbulence lead to a decrease in the quality of beam transmission, resulting in a series of changes such as drift, spread, and flicker, which restrict the development of atmospheric optical communication. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct targeted research on laser transmission in atmospheric turbulence and further analyze the influencing factors of atmospheric turbulence on optoelectronic systems.

[0003] Regarding the aforementioned research, one approach considered is conducting in-situ experiments. However, due to the unique characteristics of atmospheric optics, in-situ experiments are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also extremely costly. Most importantly, the experimental conditions are difficult to replicate and confirm in-situ, and data acquisition is very challenging. Therefore, in-situ experiments have not been widely adopted. Another approach is to simulate atmospheric turbulence using gases or liquids. The principle is to use the convection of the gas or liquid itself to simulate atmospheric turbulence. While the principle is simple, it suffers from drawbacks such as difficulty in heat dissipation, difficulty in controlling intensity, and poor repeatability. Yet another method is to simulate atmospheric turbulence using phase screens based on microfabrication technology. The principle involves etching the phase distortion of turbulence onto a glass substrate, and then simulating atmospheric turbulence by rotating the phase screen. The disadvantages of this approach are that the phase change is fixed, and the rotating wavefront is periodic, which deviates significantly from reality.

[0004] Furthermore, with the development of liquid crystal technology in recent years, some researchers have proposed using the electro-optical properties of liquid crystals to simulate atmospheric turbulence, typically by changing the voltage to alter the refractive index of the liquid crystal. Due to the advantages of liquid crystal spatial light modulators (SLAMs), such as low cost, dynamic modulation, and programmable drive, SLAMs are increasingly becoming one of the future technological trends in atmospheric turbulence simulators. Several institutions both domestically and internationally have conducted research in this area and achieved certain results, successfully simulating atmospheric turbulence using SLAMs.

[0005] Liquid crystal spatial light modulators are divided into transmissive and reflective types. Although reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulators offer better accuracy and energy efficiency than transmissive modulators, improving the effectiveness of turbulence simulation devices, the reflective properties alter the light path and impose strict requirements on the incident angle. This creates more constraints and limitations on achieving realistic turbulence simulation and ensuring a one-to-one correspondence between the simulated and real objects in terms of various physical properties and parameters. Therefore, the use of reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulators faces difficulties and challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a low-cost, high-precision, dynamically modulated, and programmable atmospheric turbulence simulator.

[0007] The technical problem solved by this application is: an atmospheric turbulence simulator based on a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator can simulate beam propagation under different turbulence conditions and propagation distances. It can realize not only changes in atmospheric conditions but also changes in propagation distance, thereby making the system device more flexible and practical.

[0008] To achieve the purpose of this application, this application proposes a technical solution for solving the technical problem of an atmospheric turbulence detection simulator using a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator: comprising a light source, a target, a first lens unit, a beam splitting unit, spatial light modulation, a first aperture unit, a second lens unit, and a detector, wherein:

[0009] A light source, used to generate a first probe beam for scanning the target;

[0010] The first lens unit receives the first detection beam after scanning the target and generates parallel beams in each field of view of the target.

[0011] A beam splitting unit is disposed in the optical path of the parallel beam;

[0012] A spatial light modulator is used to receive a parallel light beam passing through the beam splitting unit and reflect it at the working surface of the spatial light modulator to form an echo light signal.

[0013] The first aperture unit is disposed in the optical path of the echo optical signal;

[0014] The second lens unit is used to receive and focus the echo light signal that has passed through the first aperture.

[0015] The detector receives the echo light signal focused by the second lens unit.

[0016] The light beam generated by the light source passes through the target, becomes a parallel beam through the first lens unit, is then transmitted through the beam splitting unit, and after being reflected by the spatial light modulator and the beam splitting unit, the beam enters the first aperture unit where its diameter is limited. It then passes through the second lens unit and becomes a telecentric beam, which is focused onto the detector to form an image, thus enabling the detection of the target under different atmospheric turbulence environments.

[0017] Furthermore, the beam splitting unit is disposed in the optical path between the first lens unit and the spatial light modulator, and the beam splitting unit is also disposed in the optical path between the spatial light modulator and the first aperture unit. The parallel light beam is transmitted through the beam splitting unit, and the echo light signal is reflected through the beam splitting unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the beam-splitting unit is a beam-splitting reflector or a beam-splitting prism.

[0019] Furthermore, the optical path distance from the spatial light modulator to the first aperture unit is l, which is expressed by the following formula:

[0020] l = L / (Zf) 2

[0021] Wherein, l represents the optical path distance from the spatial light modulator to the first aperture unit, L represents the actual turbulence path length from the target to the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the light-transmitting aperture of the first aperture unit is d, which is expressed by the following formula:

[0023] d=D / Zf

[0024] Where d represents the aperture of the first aperture unit, D represents the aperture of the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit.

[0025] Furthermore, the focal length of the second lens unit is f, which is expressed by the following formula:

[0026] f = d * F

[0027] Where f represents the focal length of the second lens unit, d represents the aperture of the first aperture unit, and F represents the F-number of the telescope.

[0028] Furthermore, the field of view (FOV0) of the second lens unit is expressed as follows:

[0029] FOV0 = FOV * Zf

[0030] Wherein, FOV0 represents the field of view of the second lens unit, FOV represents the field of view of the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit.

[0031] Furthermore, the aperture of the spatial light modulator is s, and the side length s of the spatial light modulator is expressed as follows:

[0032] s>2*tan(FOV / 2)*L / Zf+D / Zf

[0033] Where s represents the side length of the spatial light modulator, FOV represents the field of view of the telescope, L represents the actual turbulence path length from the target to the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, f represents the focal length of the second lens unit, and D represents the aperture of the telescope.

[0034] Furthermore, the spatial light modulator is a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator.

[0035] Furthermore, the detector is a CCD, a CMOS, or an observation screen.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages: (1) Dynamic aberrations can be simulated by a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator; (2) Simulated imaging of targets of different sizes can be achieved; (3) Imaging can be performed in the range from visible light to infrared; (4) The beam propagation channel length can be changed by changing the distance from the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator to the aperture. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing atmospheric turbulence model;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the turbulence simulator device provided in this application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path provided in this application, after the beam is transmitted through the first lens unit, transmitted through the beam splitter, and then reflected by the spatial light modulator and the beam splitter.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the field of view of the second lens unit provided in this application;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of an atmospheric turbulence simulator provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments do not limit the present application. Any structural, methodological, or functional modifications made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are included within the protection scope of the present application.

[0043] Combination Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an atmospheric turbulence simulator that simulates an actual environment's atmospheric turbulence. The atmospheric turbulence path established in the atmospheric turbulence model has a length of L, and a telescope with an aperture of D is placed after the turbulence path.

[0044] Combination Figure 2As shown, the atmospheric turbulence simulator provided in this application includes a light source 11, a target 12, a first lens unit 13, a beam splitting unit 14, a spatial light modulator 15, a first aperture unit 16, a second lens unit 17, and a detector 18.

[0045] The light source 11 generates a first detection beam for scanning the target 12. A first lens unit 13 receives the first detection beam after scanning the target 12 and generates parallel beams in each field of view of the target 12. A beam splitting unit 14 is disposed in the optical path of the parallel beams. A spatial light modulator 15 receives the parallel beams passing through the beam splitting unit 14 and reflects them at its working surface to form an echo signal. A first aperture unit 16 is disposed in the optical path of the echo signal. A second lens unit 17 receives and focuses the echo signal passing through the first aperture. A detector 18 receives the echo signal focused by the second lens unit 17.

[0046] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the light beam generated by the light source 11 passes through the target 12, becomes a parallel beam through the first lens unit 13, is transmitted through the beam splitting unit 14, is reflected by the spatial light modulator 15 and the beam splitting unit 14, and then enters the first aperture unit 16 to limit the beam diameter. It then becomes a telecentric beam through the second lens unit 17 and is focused onto the detector 18 to form an image, thus realizing the detection of the target 12 under different atmospheric turbulence environments.

[0047] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the atmospheric turbulence simulator provided in this application scales the atmospheric turbulence path length L, the telescope aperture D, the beam and other parameters in the atmospheric turbulence model according to the scaling factor.

[0048] As an optional implementation, the light beam emitted by the light source 11 can be white light or light in the visible to infrared bands.

[0049] Preferably, the wavelength of the generated light source 11 can be 532nm.

[0050] As an optional implementation, the beam splitting unit 14 is disposed in the optical path between the first lens unit 13 and the spatial light modulator 15, and the beam splitting unit 14 is also disposed in the optical path between the spatial light modulator 15 and the first aperture unit 16.

[0051] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the light beam generated by the light source 11 passes through the target 12 and becomes a parallel beam through the first lens unit 13. The parallel beam is transmitted through the beam splitting unit 14. Due to the different viewing fields, the light paths of each parallel beam converge on the surface.

[0052] As an optional implementation, the beam splitting unit 14 can be a beam-splitting mirror or a beam-splitting prism. The beam splitting unit 14 uses the principles of transmission and reflection to separate the beam passing through the first lens unit from the beam reflected by the spatial light modulator 15, which can achieve better imaging results when the last beam enters the detector.

[0053] As an optional implementation, the spatial light modulator 15 is used to receive the parallel light beam transmitted through the beam splitter 14 and reflect it on the working surface of the spatial light modulator 15 to form an echo light signal, which is then reflected by the beam splitter 14.

[0054] Preferably, the incident angle i of the spatial light modulator 15 can be in the range of 0 ≤ i ≤ 5°.

[0055] As an optional implementation, the spatial light modulator 15 can be a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator. Reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulators offer better accuracy and energy efficiency. By utilizing the electro-optical properties of the liquid crystal in the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal can be changed by controlling the voltage across the modulator, thereby enabling realistic simulation of atmospheric turbulence.

[0056] As an optional implementation, the optical path distance l from the spatial light modulator 15 to the first aperture unit 16 is expressed by the following formula:

[0057] l = L / (Zf) 2

[0058] In the formula, l represents the optical path distance from the spatial light modulator 15 to the first aperture unit 16. The optical path from the spatial light modulator 15 to the first aperture unit 16 can be that the light beam is reflected by the spatial light modulator 15 and then reflected by the beam splitting unit 14 to the first aperture unit 16. L represents the atmospheric turbulence path length in the atmospheric turbulence model. Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator. f represents the focal length of the second lens unit 17.

[0059] As an optional implementation, the atmospheric turbulence path length L in the atmospheric turbulence model can be scaled by a scaling factor by the atmospheric turbulence simulator, so that the atmospheric turbulence path length L can be equivalent to the optical path distance l from the spatial light modulator 15 to the first aperture unit 16 in the atmospheric turbulence simulator.

[0060] As an optional implementation, the aperture of the first aperture unit 16 is d, which is expressed by the following formula:

[0061] d=D / Zf

[0062] In the formula, d represents the aperture of the first aperture unit 16, D represents the telescope aperture, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit 17. In the actual experimental environment, the telescope parameters are fixed, and the telescope aperture D can be set according to actual needs in the experiment. For example, the telescope aperture D can be selected as 0.8m. These data only relate to the selection of the telescope in the experiment. The data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model, after being scaled according to the scaling factor, correspond to the relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator.

[0063] As an optional implementation, the aperture D of the telescope in the atmospheric turbulence model can be scaled by a scaling factor by the atmospheric turbulence simulator, so that the aperture D of the telescope can be equivalent to the light-transmitting aperture d of the first aperture unit 16 in the atmospheric turbulence simulator.

[0064] As an optional implementation, the first aperture unit 16 can limit the beam or limit the size of the imaging range.

[0065] As an optional implementation, the second lens unit 17 is used to receive the light beam transmitted through the first aperture unit 16.

[0066] As an optional implementation, the focal length parameter of the second lens unit 17 can be used to simulate the focal length parameter of the telescope in the atmospheric turbulence model. The focal length of the second lens unit 17 is f, which is expressed by the following formula:

[0067] f = d * F

[0068] In the formula, f represents the focal length of the second lens unit 17, d represents the aperture of the first aperture unit 16, and F represents the F-number of the telescope. The F-number is the ratio of the image-side focal length to the entrance pupil diameter, i.e., the reciprocal of the relative aperture. In actual experimental environments, the telescope parameters are fixed, and the F-number can be set according to actual needs during the experiment. For example, the F-number of the telescope can be selected as 10. These data are only relevant to the selection of the telescope in the experiment. The data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model, after being scaled by the scaling factor, correspond to the relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator.

[0069] As an optional implementation, the field of view (FOV) of the second lens unit 17 is FOV0, which is expressed by the following formula:

[0070] FOV0 = FOV * Zf

[0071] In the formula, FOV0 represents the field of view of the second lens unit 17, FOV represents the field of view of the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit 17. The field of view (FOV) refers to the angle formed by the two edges of the maximum range through which the image of the target object can pass through the lens, with the lens of the optical instrument as the vertex. Combined with... Figure 4 As shown, the field of view (FOV) of the second lens unit 17 is 0. In the actual experimental environment, the telescope parameters are fixed, and the FOV of the telescope can be set according to actual needs during the experiment. For example, the FOV of the telescope can be selected as 4.148 arcminutes. These data are only related to the selection of the telescope in the experiment. The data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model are scaled to correspond to the relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator.

[0072] As an optional implementation, the spatial light modulator 15 has a side length of s, and the formula for the side length s of the spatial light modulator 15 is as follows:

[0073] s>2*tan(FOV / 2)*L / Zf+D / Zf

[0074] In the formula, s represents the side length of the spatial light modulator 15, FOV represents the field of view of the telescope, L represents the actual turbulence path length from the target to the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, f represents the focal length of the second lens unit 17, and D represents the aperture of the telescope. In the actual experimental environment, the telescope parameters are fixed, but the F-number and the field of view (FOV) can be set according to actual needs during the experiment. For example, the F-number and FOV can be selected as 10 and 4.148 arcminutes, respectively. These data are only relevant to the telescope selection in the experiment. The data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model, after being scaled, correspond to the relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator.

[0075] As an alternative implementation, detector 18 is used to receive the light beam focused by the second lens unit 17.

[0076] As an optional implementation, the detector 18 can be a CCD, a CMOS, or an observation screen.

[0077] As an alternative implementation, detector 18 can be used to observe the final imaging results.

[0078] As an optional implementation, by determining the side length s and scaling factor Zf of the spatial light modulator 15, atmospheric turbulence conditions at different distances can be simulated, which satisfy the following formula:

[0079] L<(sD / Zf)*Zf / 2*tan(FOV / 2)

[0080] In the formula: L represents the actual turbulent path length from the target to the telescope, D represents the telescope aperture, FOV represents the telescope field of view, s represents the side length of the space modulator, and Zf represents the scaling factor. In the actual experimental environment, the telescope parameters are fixed, but the telescope aperture D and the telescope field of view FOV can be set according to actual needs during the experiment. For example, the telescope aperture D and the field of view FOV can be selected as 0.8m and 4.148 arcminutes, respectively. These data only relate to the telescope selection in the experiment; the data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence model, after being scaled, correspond to the relevant data parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator.

[0081] As an optional implementation, this application discloses an atmospheric turbulence simulator. The spatial light modulator in the simulator can be a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator. Under active control, the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator can modulate a parameter of the light field through liquid crystal molecules, such as by modulating the amplitude of the light field, modulating the phase by modulating the refractive index, or modulating the polarization state by rotating the polarization plane. This allows for the conversion between incoherent and coherent light, thereby writing certain information into the light wave and achieving the purpose of light wave modulation. The reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator utilizes the electro-optic properties of liquid crystals. By controlling the voltage across the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal can be changed, thus realistically simulating atmospheric turbulence. Based on the reflective characteristics of the reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator, the light path can be changed, ensuring a one-to-one correspondence between the simulated object and various physical indicators and data parameters of the real object. A complete simulation environment can be established, allowing for the variation of the beam propagation distance under different atmospheric turbulence conditions, making the system device more flexible and practical.

[0082] The atmospheric turbulence simulator proposed in this application is applicable to rapid and controllable changes in turbulence conditions and beam propagation distance. As the scaling factor Zf increases, the field of view (FOV0) of the atmospheric turbulence simulator also increases accordingly. A smaller field of view simplifies the construction of the atmospheric turbulence simulator; the field of view can be selected to be no more than 180°.

[0083] The following section provides a more detailed description with examples.

[0084] Example 1

[0085] Combination Figure 5As shown, building an atmospheric turbulence simulator requires selecting the telescope used in the experiment, determining its aperture D, selecting a suitable diameter d for the first aperture unit, and determining the scaling factor Zf. The telescope's F-number is then determined, and based on the diameter d of the first aperture unit, the focal length f of the second lens unit is determined. The telescope's field of view (FOV) is determined, and based on the scaling factor Zf, the field of view (FOV0) of the second lens unit is determined. The length L of atmospheric turbulence is observed, and based on the scaling factor, the optical path distance l from the spatial light modulator to the first aperture unit is adjusted. A suitable side length s of the spatial light modulator is selected based on the telescope's aperture D, field of view (FOV), and scaling factor Zf. Finally, after selecting the experimental parameters, the atmospheric turbulence simulator is built for observing atmospheric turbulence models. (Combined with...) Figure 2 As shown, the atmospheric turbulence simulator created in this embodiment includes a first lens unit 13, a beam splitter unit 14, a spatial light modulator 15, a first aperture unit 16, a second lens unit 17, and a detector 18. The first lens unit 13 generates parallel light for each field of view of the target, and the parameters of the second lens unit 17 correspond to the atmospheric turbulence model. The phase screen loaded by the atmospheric turbulence simulator created in the experiment is displayed in a rectangular area (1920×1080 pixels) at the center of the spatial light modulator display screen. The parameters of the atmospheric turbulence simulator that can be selected in the experiment are: the aperture of the first aperture unit 16 d = 1.5 mm, the side length of the spatial light modulator 15 s = 18 mm, the optical path distance from the spatial light modulator 15 to the first aperture unit 16 l = 70 mm, the field of view angle FOV0 of the second lens unit 17 = 9.22°, and the F-number F = 10.

[0086] This application proposes an atmospheric turbulence simulator, which, based on the propagation characteristics of a light beam in an atmospheric turbulence environment, can be used to simulate the propagation of a light beam in turbulence at different distances and atmospheric parameters.

[0087] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application and the appended claims are equivalent substitutions and still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An atmospheric turbulence simulator for simulating atmospheric turbulence models when observing a target with a telescope, characterized in that, The atmospheric turbulence simulator includes: A light source, used to generate a first probe beam for scanning the target; The first lens unit receives the first detection beam after scanning the target and generates parallel beams in each field of view of the target. A beam splitting unit is disposed in the optical path of the parallel beam; A spatial light modulator is used to receive a parallel light beam passing through the beam splitting unit and reflect it at the working surface of the spatial light modulator to form an echo light signal; The first aperture unit is disposed in the optical path of the echo optical signal; The second lens unit is used to receive and focus the echo light signal that has passed through the first aperture. The detector receives the echo light signal focused by the second lens unit; The beam splitting unit is disposed in the optical path between the first lens unit and the spatial light modulator, and is also disposed in the optical path between the spatial light modulator and the first aperture unit. The parallel beam is transmitted through the beam splitting unit, and the echo light signal is reflected through the beam splitting unit. The optical path distance from the spatial light modulator to the first aperture unit is l, which is expressed by the following formula: l=L / (Zf) 2 Wherein, l represents the optical path distance from the spatial light modulator to the first aperture unit, and the optical path from the spatial light modulator to the first aperture unit is: the light beam is reflected by the spatial light modulator and then reflected by the beam splitter to the first aperture unit, L represents the atmospheric turbulence path length in the atmospheric turbulence model, L represents the actual turbulence path length from the target to the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit.

2. The atmospheric turbulence simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beam-splitting unit is a beam-splitting reflector or a beam-splitting prism.

3. The atmospheric turbulence simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the first aperture unit is d, which is expressed by the following formula: d=D / Zf Where d represents the aperture of the first aperture unit, D represents the aperture of the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit.

4. The atmospheric turbulence simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focal length of the second lens unit is f, which is expressed by the following formula: f = d * F Where f represents the focal length of the second lens unit, d represents the aperture of the first aperture unit, and F represents the F-number of the telescope.

5. The atmospheric turbulence simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The field of view (FOV0) of the second lens unit is expressed as follows: FOV0 = FOV * Zf Wherein, FOV0 represents the field of view of the second lens unit, FOV represents the field of view of the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, and f represents the focal length of the second lens unit.

6. The atmospheric turbulence simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the spatial light modulator is s, and the side length s of the spatial light modulator is expressed as follows: s>2*tan(FOV / 2)*L / Zf+D / Zf Where s represents the side length of the spatial light modulator, FOV represents the field of view of the telescope, L represents the actual turbulence path length from the target to the telescope, Zf represents the scaling factor of the atmospheric turbulence simulator, f represents the focal length of the second lens unit, and D represents the aperture of the telescope.

7. The atmospheric turbulence simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatial light modulator is a reflective liquid crystal spatial light modulator.

8. The atmospheric turbulence simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detector is a CCD, CMOS, or observation screen.

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