A method and system for detecting and warning underground conditions in ultra-deep wells

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for detecting and warning the downhole situation of an ultra-deep well, which relates to the technical field of ultra-deep well petroleum development and is applied to a downhole situation detection and warning system for an ultra-deep well. The method comprises: establishing a first data table between the numerical values ​​of flow data of a plurality of preset water inlet pipes and the numerical values ​​of standard downhole rock cuttings data, collecting the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe in real time, and obtaining the real-time data difference between the two, querying the first data table based on the real-time collected flow data of the water inlet pipe, and obtaining target downhole rock cuttings data corresponding to the first real-time flow data, sounding an alarm when the real-time data difference does not match the numerical value of the target downhole rock cuttings data, and calculating the difference between the relevant data of the inlet and outlet by accurately comparing the relevant data of the inlet and outlet in real time during the drilling process, thereby accurately reflecting the downhole situation, and taking corresponding measures in a timely manner when a complex downhole accident occurs to avoid the deterioration of the complex accident.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ultra-deep well petroleum development, and in particular to an ultra-deep well downhole situation detection and early warning method and system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, there are fewer and fewer simple shallow wells. In order to seek more oil resources, drilling is developing towards deep wells and ultra-deep wells. However, as the depth of the well increases, the underground risks are also increasing. If an accident occurs, it will not only be difficult to deal with and the processing time will increase, the processing cost will also increase greatly, but it will also bring negative social impacts. Therefore, preventing the occurrence of complex underground accidents has become an important issue that needs to be solved.

[0003] At present, with the rapid development of the drilling industry, there have been many monitoring methods to prevent the occurrence of complex accidents underground. However, the monitoring range of these methods is small, and they can only monitor a certain aspect of the underground situation, resulting in insufficient monitoring accuracy. The occurrence of complex accidents underground cannot be monitored in time, resulting in the staff being unable to effectively take remedial measures to prevent the occurrence of complex accidents underground. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for detecting and warning of underground conditions in ultra-deep wells. By accurately comparing the relevant data of the entrances and exits in real time during the drilling process and calculating the difference between the relevant data of the entrances and exits, the underground conditions can be accurately reflected. When a complex underground accident occurs, corresponding measures can be taken in a timely manner to avoid the deterioration of the complex accident.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-deep well downhole condition detection and early warning method, which is applied to an ultra-deep well downhole condition detection and early warning system. The system includes mining equipment disposed downhole, the mining equipment including an inlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid into the downhole and an outlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid and downhole cuttings out. The method includes:

[0007] S01, based on the flow value of the water outlet pipe being equal to the sum of the flow value of the water inlet pipe and the downhole rock cuttings flow value, a first data table is established between the flow data values ​​of a plurality of preset water inlet pipes and the values ​​of standard downhole rock cuttings data.

[0008] S02, collecting the flow data of the water inlet pipe as first real-time flow data and the flow data of the water outlet pipe as second real-time flow data in real time, and obtaining the real-time data difference between the value of the first real-time flow data and the value of the second real-time flow data.

[0009] S03, querying a first data table according to the first real-time flow data, and obtaining target downhole rock cuttings data corresponding to the first real-time flow data, and issuing an alarm when a difference between the real-time data and the target downhole rock cuttings data does not match.

[0010] Optionally, the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe are both mass flow data, and the downhole cuttings data include downhole cuttings mass flow data.

[0011] In step S01 , the first data table is a first mass flow data table.

[0012] In step S02, first real-time mass flow data of the water inlet pipe and second real-time mass flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a first real-time mass flow data difference between the first real-time mass flow data and the second real-time mass flow data is obtained.

[0013] In step S03, a first mass flow data table is searched according to the first real-time mass flow data, and first target downhole cuttings mass data corresponding to the first real-time mass flow data is obtained.

[0014] When it is determined that the first real-time mass flow data difference is greater than the value of the first target downhole cuttings mass data, it is determined that there is excess space in the well that absorbs liquid, some material has entered the formation, and leakage occurs in the well, and an alarm is issued.

[0015] When it is determined that the first real-time mass flow data difference is less than the value of the first target downhole cuttings mass data, it is determined that excess material has invaded the wellbore, and an alarm is issued.

[0016] Optionally, the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe are both density flow data, and the downhole rock cuttings data include downhole rock cuttings density flow data.

[0017] In step S01 , the first data table is a first density flow data table.

[0018] In step S02, first real-time density flow data of the water inlet pipe and second real-time density flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a first real-time density flow data difference between the first real-time density flow data and the second real-time density flow data is obtained.

[0019] In step S03, a first density flow data table is searched according to the first real-time density flow data, and first target downhole cuttings density data corresponding to the first real-time density flow data is obtained.

[0020] When it is determined that the difference value of the first real-time density flow rate data is less than the value of the first target downhole cuttings density data, it is determined that gas has entered the wellbore, the annular liquid column pressure has decreased, overflow has occurred, and an alarm is issued;

[0021] When it is determined that the difference value of the first real-time density flow data is greater than the value of the first target downhole cuttings density data, the corresponding density is compared according to the cycle delay time, and it is determined that a complex situation has occurred in the well, and an alarm is issued.

[0022] Optionally, the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe both include mass flow data and volume flow data, and the downhole rock cuttings data include downhole rock cuttings mass flow data and downhole rock cuttings volume flow data.

[0023] In step S01 , the first data table is a second mass flow data table and a first volume flow data table.

[0024] In step S02, third real-time mass flow data of the water inlet pipe and fourth real-time mass flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a second real-time mass flow data difference between the third real-time mass flow data and the fourth real-time mass flow data is obtained.

[0025] The first real-time volume flow data of the water inlet pipe and the second real-time volume flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a first real-time volume flow data difference between the first real-time volume flow data and the second real-time volume flow data is obtained.

[0026] In step S03, the second mass flow data table is queried based on the third real-time mass flow data, and the second target downhole cuttings mass data corresponding to the third real-time mass flow data is obtained. The first volume flow data table is queried based on the first real-time volume flow data, and the first target downhole cuttings volume data corresponding to the first real-time volume flow data is obtained. When any of the difference between the second real-time mass flow data and the value of the second target downhole cuttings mass data and the difference between the first real-time volume flow data and the first target downhole cuttings volume data does not match, an alarm is issued.

[0027] Optionally, when it is determined that the second real-time mass flow data difference matches the value of the second target downhole cuttings mass data, and the first real-time volume flow data difference is greater than the value of the third target downhole cuttings volume data, it is determined that formation fluid has invaded the wellbore, overflow will occur, and an alarm will be issued.

[0028] When it is determined that the second real-time mass flow data difference matches the value of the second target downhole rock cuttings mass data, and the first real-time volume flow data difference is less than the value of the third target downhole rock cuttings volume data, it is determined that excess material has invaded the wellbore and an alarm is issued.

[0029] When it is determined that the first real-time volume flow data difference matches the third target downhole cuttings data, and the second real-time mass flow data difference is greater than the value of the second target downhole cuttings mass data, there is excess cuttings in the wellbore, and an alarm is issued.

[0030] When it is determined that the first real-time volume flow data difference matches the third target downhole rock cuttings data, and the second real-time mass flow data difference is less than the value of the second target downhole rock cuttings mass data, it is determined that excess material has invaded the wellbore and an alarm is issued.

[0031] An embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning system, including mining equipment, data acquisition equipment, control processing equipment and alarm equipment, the control processing equipment including a data processor, the data acquisition equipment including an inlet flow meter and an outlet flow meter, the mining equipment including a drill string, the drill string is provided with an inlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid into the well and an outlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid and underground rock cuttings, the inlet flow meter and the outlet flow meter are both communicatively connected to the control processing equipment, and the control processing equipment is electrically connected to the alarm equipment.

[0032] The inlet flow meter is arranged on the water inlet pipe, and is used to measure the flow data of the water inlet pipe and transmit the data to the data processor.

[0033] The outlet flow meter is arranged on the water outlet pipe, and is used to measure the flow data of the water outlet pipe and transmit the data to the data processor.

[0034] The data processor receives the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe, and controls the alarm device to sound an alarm when it determines that an abnormality occurs underground according to the method described above.

[0035] Optionally, a drilling pump is further included, the drilling pump is arranged on the water inlet pipe, and the inlet flow meter is arranged at the high-pressure end or the low-pressure end of the drilling pump.

[0036] Optionally, it also includes liquid-gas separation equipment, several circulation tanks and igniters. The liquid-gas separation equipment is connected to the water outlet pipe. The liquid-gas separation equipment includes a discharge port and an exhaust port. The liquid inlet ends of several circulation tanks are connected to the discharge port of the liquid-gas separation equipment through a discharge pipeline. The liquid outlet ends of several circulation tanks are connected to the water inlet pipe of the drill string. Several circulation tanks are used to input the liquid generated by the drilling pump outlet into the drilling pump inlet. The igniter is connected to the exhaust port of the liquid-gas separation equipment through an exhaust pipeline. The igniter is used to burn the combustible gas separated by the liquid-gas separation equipment.

[0037] Optionally, it also includes a blowout preventer assembly provided at the wellhead device, a drill string is provided in the wellhead device, a drill bit is provided at one end of the drill string, the blowout preventer assembly includes a blowout preventer group, a casing head group and a rotary blowout preventer, the rotary blowout preventer is provided at the wellhead of the wellhead device, the blowout preventer group is provided below the rotary blowout preventer, the casing head group is provided at the bottom of the blowout preventer group, the drill string is connected to the rotary blowout preventer, and the drill string extends through the blowout preventer group and the casing head group for drilling.

[0038] Optionally, the blowout preventer assembly also includes a well-killing manifold and a choke manifold. The well-killing manifold is used to inject well-killing fluid into the well when overflow occurs in the well. The choke manifold is used to release the gas and liquid in the well when overflow or well kick occurs in the well and the casing pressure exceeds the limit value of the rotary blowout preventer. The choke manifold is provided with a regulating valve for adjusting the gas flow rate.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0040] 1. Install inlet flowmeter and outlet flowmeter to monitor the mass flow data of the water inlet pipe and the mass flow data of the water outlet pipe in real time during the drilling process. By comparing the difference between the mass flow data of the water inlet pipe and the mass flow data of the water outlet pipe, the downhole situation can be reflected, and complex situations such as downhole overflow / well leakage can be discovered in time, and timely measures can be taken to avoid the deterioration of accidents.

[0041] 2. By comparing the mass flow rate data and volume flow rate data of the water inlet pipe with the mass flow rate data and volume flow rate data of the water outlet pipe, the situation downhole can be reflected based on the difference in mass flow rate data between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe and the difference in volume flow rate data between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, and complex situations such as downhole overflow / well leakage can be discovered in time, and timely measures can be taken to avoid the deterioration of accidents.

[0042] 3. When the flow data received by the control and processing equipment does not match the flow data in the data table, it indicates that an abnormal situation has occurred in the well. The control and processing equipment transmits the signal to the alarm device, and the alarm device sounds an alarm. The relevant staff will promptly detect the situation in the well and take corresponding measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of the ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning method applied in this application.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning system for this application.

[0045] Among them, 1. Drilling pump; 2. Inlet flow meter; 3. Outlet flow meter; 4. BOP group; 5. Casing head group; 6. Liquid-gas separation equipment; 7. Circulation tank; 8. Ignitor; 9. Drain pipeline; 10. Exhaust pipeline; 11. Well killing manifold; 12. Choke manifold; 13. Control valve; 14. Drill string; 15. Drill bit; 16. Rotary BOP. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-deep well downhole condition detection and early warning method, which is applied to an ultra-deep well downhole condition detection and early warning system. The system includes a mining device arranged downhole, and the mining device includes an inlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid into the downhole and an outlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid and downhole cuttings out. The method includes the following steps:

[0049] S01, based on the flow value of the water outlet pipe being equal to the sum of the flow value of the water inlet pipe and the downhole rock cuttings flow value, a first data table is established between the flow data values ​​of a plurality of preset water inlet pipes and the values ​​of standard downhole rock cuttings data.

[0050] The standard downhole cuttings data is specifically the difference between the flow rate of the outlet pipe and the flow rate of the inlet pipe during normal fluctuation of the downhole cuttings data flow when the mining equipment is working normally and the flow rate of the water inlet pipe of the drill string 14 is a preset water inlet pipe flow rate.

[0051] S02, collecting the flow data of the water inlet pipe as the first real-time flow data and the flow data of the water outlet pipe as the second real-time flow data in real time through the flow collection device, and obtaining the real-time data difference between the value of the first real-time flow data and the value of the second real-time flow data.

[0052] The flow mining equipment is to obtain the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe by collecting the flow data generated by the water inlet pipe of the drill string 14 and the flow data produced by the water outlet pipe of the drill string 14 in real time during the mining process.

[0053] S03, querying a first data table according to the first real-time flow data, and obtaining target downhole rock cuttings data corresponding to the first real-time flow data, and issuing an alarm when a difference between the real-time data and the target downhole rock cuttings data does not match.

[0054] The target downhole rock cuttings data is to bring the real-time collected water inlet pipe flow data into the first data table, find the preset water inlet pipe flow corresponding to the real-time collected water inlet pipe flow data in the first data table, and obtain the corresponding downhole rock cuttings data. The downhole rock cuttings data at this time is the target downhole rock cuttings data, and the target downhole rock cuttings data is a value in the interval range. When the real-time data difference is within the interval range of the target downhole rock cuttings data value, it means that the mining equipment is working normally and the downhole is in a normal state. When the real-time data difference is not within the interval range of the target downhole rock cuttings data value, it means that the mining equipment is working abnormally and the downhole is in an abnormal state. At this time, an alarm is issued, and relevant personnel take corresponding measures in time to inspect and repair the abnormal conditions in the downhole to reduce the occurrence of accidents.

[0055] Among them, first record multiple groups of flow data of the water inlet pipe under normal circumstances, and obtain the corresponding standard downhole rock cuttings flow data through calculation, so as to form a first data table, and then collect the first real-time flow data and the second real-time flow data in real time, and obtain the real-time data difference between the numerical value of the first real-time flow data and the numerical value of the second real-time flow data, and bring the first real-time flow data into the first data table for query to obtain the target downhole rock cuttings data corresponding to the first real-time flow data, and then compare the obtained real-time data difference with the target downhole rock cuttings data. When the numerical values ​​of the two data do not match, it indicates that an abnormality has occurred in the well and an alarm is issued. The relevant personnel receive the issued alarm and promptly carry out corresponding processing in the well to reduce the occurrence of complex accidents in the well.

[0056] In this embodiment, the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe are both mass flow data, and the downhole rock cuttings data include downhole rock cuttings mass flow data.

[0057] In step S01 , the first data table is a first mass flow data table.

[0058] Specifically, the first mass flow data table is obtained by measuring multiple sets of outlet pipe mass flow data and inlet pipe mass flow data during normal fluctuations of the mass flow of downhole rock cuttings when the mining equipment is working normally, thereby establishing a table of inlet pipe mass flow data and corresponding downhole rock cuttings mass flow data based on the inlet pipe mass flow data.

[0059] In step S02, first real-time mass flow data of the water inlet pipe and second real-time mass flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a first real-time mass flow data difference between the first real-time mass flow data and the second real-time mass flow data is obtained.

[0060] In step S03, a first mass flow data table is searched according to the first real-time mass flow data, and first target downhole cuttings mass data corresponding to the first real-time mass flow data is obtained.

[0061] The first target downhole rock cuttings mass data is obtained by collecting the mass flow data of the water inlet pipe in real time when the mining equipment is working, and the first real-time mass flow data is brought into the first mass flow data table to obtain the downhole rock cuttings mass data corresponding to the first real-time mass flow data.

[0062] When it is determined that the first real-time mass flow data difference is greater than the value of the first target downhole cuttings mass data, it is determined that there is excess space in the well that absorbs liquid, some material has entered the formation, and leakage occurs in the well, and an alarm is issued.

[0063] When it is determined that the first real-time mass flow data difference is less than the value of the first target downhole cuttings mass data, it is determined that excess material has invaded the wellbore, and an alarm is issued.

[0064] Among them, the mass flow rate data of the water inlet pipe when multiple groups of mining equipment are normally operated are recorded, and the mass flow rate data of the corresponding downhole rock cuttings are obtained by calculation, thereby forming a first mass flow rate data table, and then the first real-time mass flow rate data and the second real-time mass flow rate data at the same time are collected in real time to obtain the first real-time mass flow rate data difference between the first real-time mass flow rate data and the second real-time mass flow rate data, and the first real-time mass flow rate data is brought into the first mass flow rate data table to query and obtain the corresponding first target downhole rock cuttings mass flow rate data, and the first real-time mass flow rate data is compared with the mass flow rate data of the first target downhole rock cuttings.

[0065] When it is determined that the first real-time mass flow data difference is greater than the value of the first target downhole cuttings mass data, it is determined that there is excess space in the well that has absorbed the liquid, some substances have entered the formation, and leakage has occurred in the well, an alarm is issued, and relevant personnel receive the alarm and take corresponding measures in the well in a timely manner; when it is determined that the first real-time mass flow data difference is less than the value of the first target downhole cuttings mass data, it is determined that excess substances have invaded the wellbore in the well, an alarm is issued, and relevant personnel receive the alarm and take corresponding measures in the well in a timely manner.

[0066] It should be noted that some of the substances and excess substances may be the fluid of the formation entering the wellbore, or it may be excess rock cuttings entering the wellbore. When the fluid of the formation enters the wellbore, overflow will occur in the wellbore. When overflow occurs in the wellbore, it needs to be dealt with in time. If the overflow is not discovered in time, a blowout will occur. When the overflow in the wellbore is serious, a blowout may occur. When the rock cuttings in the wellbore enter the wellbore, it means that the well wall may collapse and the well needs to be dealt with in time. If the situation is not discovered in time, it may cause the drill to get stuck, causing damage to the instrument, and thus leading to an underground accident.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] In this embodiment, the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe are both density flow data, and the downhole rock cuttings data include downhole rock cuttings density flow data.

[0069] In step S01 , the first data table is a first density flow data table.

[0070] Specifically, the first density flow data table is obtained by measuring multiple sets of outlet pipe density flow data and inlet pipe density flow data during normal fluctuations of the density flow of the underground rock cuttings when the mining equipment is working normally, and thus a table of inlet pipe density flow data and corresponding underground rock cuttings density flow data is established based on the inlet pipe density flow data.

[0071] In step S02, first real-time density flow data of the water inlet pipe and second real-time density flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a first real-time density flow data difference between the first real-time density flow data and the second real-time density flow data is obtained.

[0072] In step S03, a first density flow data table is searched according to the first real-time density flow data, and first target downhole cuttings density data corresponding to the first real-time density flow data is obtained.

[0073] The first target downhole rock cuttings density data is obtained by collecting the density flow data of the water inlet pipe in real time when the mining equipment is working, and the first real-time density flow data is brought into the first density flow data table to obtain the downhole rock cuttings density data corresponding to the first real-time density flow data.

[0074] When it is determined that the difference value of the first real-time density flow rate data is less than the value of the first target downhole cuttings density data, it is determined that gas has entered the wellbore, the annular liquid column pressure has decreased, overflow has occurred, and an alarm is issued;

[0075] When it is determined that the difference value of the first real-time density flow data is greater than the value of the first target downhole cuttings density data, the corresponding density is compared according to the cycle delay time, and it is determined that a complex situation has occurred in the well, and an alarm is issued.

[0076] Among them, the density flow data of the water inlet pipe when multiple groups of mining equipment are working normally are recorded, and the density flow data of the corresponding downhole rock cuttings are obtained by calculation, thereby forming a first density flow data table, and then the first real-time density flow data and the second real-time density flow data at the same time are collected in real time to obtain the first real-time density flow data difference between the first real-time density flow data and the second real-time density flow data, and the first real-time density flow data is brought into the first density flow data table to query and obtain the corresponding first target downhole rock cuttings density flow data, and the first real-time density flow data is compared with the density flow data of the first target downhole rock cuttings.

[0077] Gas is generated during the mining process, and the gas flows and circulates again into the drilling fluid inlet pipe. The corresponding first target downhole cuttings density data value is found according to the gas circulation delay time. When it is determined that the first real-time density flow data difference is greater than the first target downhole cuttings density data value, it is determined that a complex situation has occurred in the well and an alarm is issued; relevant personnel receive the issued alarm and take corresponding measures in the well in time; when it is determined that the first real-time density flow data difference is less than the first target downhole cuttings density data value, it is determined that gas has entered the wellbore. At this time, the pressure of the annular liquid column (not shown in the figure) is reduced, overflow occurs, and an alarm is issued to remind relevant personnel to take corresponding measures in the well in time.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] In this embodiment, the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe both include mass flow data and volume flow data, and the downhole rock cuttings data include downhole rock cuttings mass flow data and downhole rock cuttings volume flow data.

[0080] In step S01 , the first data table is a second mass flow data table and a first volume flow data table.

[0081] The second mass flow data table is specifically, when the mining equipment is working normally, during the normal fluctuation of the mass flow of the underground rock cuttings, by measuring multiple groups of outlet pipe mass flow data and inlet pipe mass flow data, the corresponding mass flow data of the underground rock cuttings are obtained, and thus a table of inlet pipe mass flow data and corresponding downhole rock cuttings mass flow data is established based on the inlet pipe mass flow data; the first volume flow data table is specifically, when the mining equipment is working normally, during the normal fluctuation of the volume flow of the underground rock cuttings, by measuring multiple groups of outlet pipe volume flow data and inlet pipe volume flow data, the corresponding volume flow data of the underground rock cuttings are obtained, and thus a table of inlet pipe volume flow data and corresponding downhole rock cuttings volume flow data is established based on the inlet pipe volume flow data.

[0082] In step S02, third real-time mass flow data of the water inlet pipe and fourth real-time mass flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a second real-time mass flow data difference between the third real-time mass flow data and the fourth real-time mass flow data is obtained.

[0083] The first real-time volume flow data of the water inlet pipe and the second real-time volume flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a first real-time volume flow data difference between the first real-time volume flow data and the second real-time volume flow data is obtained.

[0084] In step S03, the second mass flow data table is queried based on the third real-time mass flow data, and the second target downhole cuttings mass data corresponding to the third real-time mass flow data is obtained. The first volume flow data table is queried based on the first real-time volume flow data, and the first target downhole cuttings volume data corresponding to the first real-time volume flow data is obtained. When any of the difference between the second real-time mass flow data and the value of the second target downhole cuttings mass data and the difference between the first real-time volume flow data and the first target downhole cuttings volume data does not match, an alarm is issued.

[0085] The second target downhole rock cuttings mass data is, when the mining equipment is working, by collecting the mass flow data of the water inlet pipe in real time to obtain the third real-time mass flow data, and the third real-time mass flow data is brought into the second mass flow data table to obtain the downhole rock cuttings mass data corresponding to the third real-time mass flow data; the first target downhole rock cuttings volume data is, when the mining equipment is working, by collecting the volume flow data of the water inlet pipe in real time to obtain the first real-time volume flow data, and the first real-time volume flow data is brought into the first volume flow data table to obtain the downhole rock cuttings volume data corresponding to the first real-time volume flow data.

[0086] The real-time flow data collected from the water inlet pipe are mass flow data and density flow data of the water inlet pipe, and the real-time flow data collected from the water outlet pipe are mass flow data and density flow data of the water outlet pipe. The corresponding volume flow data value is calculated by dividing the obtained mass flow data value by the density flow data value. Multiple sets of mass flow data of the water inlet pipe and the mass flow data of the water outlet pipe under normal conditions are recorded to calculate the mass flow data of downhole rock cuttings under normal conditions, thereby forming a second mass flow data table. The corresponding volume flow data of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are calculated by the obtained mass flow data and density flow data of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. Multiple sets of volume flow data of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe under normal conditions and the corresponding volume flow data of downhole rock cuttings obtained by calculation are recorded to form a first volume flow data table.

[0087] The third real-time mass flow data and the fourth real-time mass flow data are collected in real time to obtain the second real-time mass flow data difference between the third real-time mass flow data and the fourth real-time mass flow data. The first real-time volume flow data and the second real-time volume flow data are collected in real time to obtain the first real-time volume flow data difference between the first real-time volume flow data and the second real-time volume flow data. The third real-time mass flow data is brought into the second mass flow data table for query to obtain the mass flow data of the corresponding second target downhole rock cuttings. The first real-time volume flow data is brought into the first volume flow data table for query to obtain the volume flow data of the corresponding first target downhole rock cuttings. When any one of the second real-time mass flow data difference and the value of the second target downhole rock cuttings mass data and the first real-time volume flow data difference and the first target downhole rock cuttings volume data does not match, it indicates that an abnormality has occurred underground. At this time, an alarm is issued. Relevant personnel receive the issued alarm and take corresponding measures underground in a timely manner.

[0088] In this embodiment, when it is determined that the second real-time mass flow data difference matches the value of the second target downhole rock cuttings mass data, and the first real-time volume flow data difference is greater than the value of the third target downhole rock cuttings volume data, it is determined that the formation fluid has invaded the wellbore, overflow will occur, and an alarm will be issued.

[0089] When it is determined that the second real-time mass flow data difference matches the value of the second target downhole rock cuttings mass data, and the first real-time volume flow data difference is less than the value of the third target downhole rock cuttings volume data, it is determined that excess material has invaded the wellbore and an alarm is issued.

[0090] When it is determined that the first real-time volume flow data difference matches the third target downhole cuttings data, and the second real-time mass flow data difference is greater than the value of the second target downhole cuttings mass data, there is excess cuttings in the wellbore, and an alarm is issued.

[0091] When it is determined that the first real-time volume flow data difference matches the third target downhole rock cuttings data, and the second real-time mass flow data difference is less than the value of the second target downhole rock cuttings mass data, it is determined that excess material has invaded the wellbore and an alarm is issued.

[0092] Among them, the mass flow data of the inlet pipe and the mass flow data of the outlet pipe can be compared with the volume flow data of the inlet pipe and the volume flow data of the outlet pipe. When the mass flow of the inlet pipe and the mass flow of the outlet pipe are approximately equal, but the difference between the volume flow of the inlet pipe and the volume flow of the inlet pipe is relatively large, it means that the formation fluid invades the wellbore, and overflow will occur. If the overflow is not discovered in time, it may cause a blowout or even an uncontrolled blowout. The relevant personnel will deal with the situation downhole in a timely manner and take corresponding measures to solve the problem according to the needs of the downhole. If the difference between the mass flow of the inlet pipe and the mass flow of the outlet pipe is relatively large, and the volume flow rates are approximately equal, it means that there are excess rock cuttings in the wellbore, and the well wall may collapse. If it is not discovered in time, it may cause drill sticking. The relevant personnel will deal with the situation downhole in a timely manner and take corresponding measures to solve the problem according to the needs of the downhole.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning system, including mining equipment, data acquisition equipment, control processing equipment and alarm equipment, the control processing equipment includes a data processor, the data acquisition equipment includes an inlet flow meter 2 and an outlet flow meter 3, the mining equipment includes a drill string 14, and the drill string 14 is provided with an inlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid into the well and a water outlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid and underground rock cuttings, the inlet flow meter 2 and the outlet flow meter 3 are both communicatively connected to the control processing equipment, and the control processing equipment is electrically connected to the alarm equipment.

[0095] The inlet flow meter 2 is provided on the water inlet pipe, and is used to measure the flow data of the water inlet pipe and transmit the data to the data processor.

[0096] The outlet flow meter 3 is provided on the water outlet pipe, and is used to measure the flow data of the water outlet pipe and transmit the data to the data processor.

[0097] The data processor receives the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe, and controls the alarm device to sound an alarm when determining that an abnormality occurs underground according to any of the above methods.

[0098] Among them, the inlet flow meter 2 is used to measure the flow data of the water inlet pipe, and the outlet flow meter 3 is used to measure the flow data of the water outlet pipe, and then the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe are transmitted to the data processor. The data processor receives the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe, and processes and analyzes the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe. When the received flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe do not match the flow data in the first data table, it indicates that an abnormality has occurred underground. An alarm device is also provided on the data processor. When the data processor determines that an abnormality has occurred underground, the alarm device sounds an alarm. At the same time, a display screen is provided on the data processor. The data processor displays the collected information on the display screen. Relevant personnel judge whether overflow or well leakage has occurred underground based on the data displayed on the display screen, deal with the situation underground in a timely manner, and take corresponding measures to solve the problem according to the needs of the underground.

[0099] It should be noted that the inlet flow meter 2 can measure the mass flow data and density flow data of the water inlet pipe, and the outlet flow meter 3 can measure the mass flow data and density flow data of the water outlet pipe. Based on the obtained mass flow data and density flow data, the corresponding volume flow data can be calculated.

[0100] This embodiment also includes a drilling pump 1, which is mounted on a water inlet pipe. An inlet flowmeter 2 is located at either the high-pressure end or the low-pressure end of the drilling pump 1. Installing the inlet flowmeter 2 at the high-pressure end facilitates installation and operation, while installing the inlet flowmeter 2 at the low-pressure end does not require a high-pressure rating. Therefore, the inlet flowmeter 2 can be installed at either the high-pressure end or the low-pressure end of the water inlet pipe, depending on the intended use. The high-pressure end of the drilling pump 1 is located near the inlet of the water inlet pipe, while the low-pressure end is located near the outlet of the drilling pump 1.

[0101] In this embodiment, it also includes a liquid-gas separation device 6, several circulation tanks 7 and an igniter 8. The liquid-gas separation device 6 is connected to the water outlet pipe. The liquid-gas separation device 6 includes a discharge port and an exhaust port. The liquid inlet ends of the several circulation tanks 7 are connected to the discharge port of the liquid-gas separation device 6 through a discharge pipeline 9. The liquid outlet ends of the several circulation tanks 7 are connected to the water inlet pipe of the drill string 14. The several circulation tanks 7 are used to input the liquid generated at the outlet of the drilling pump 1 to the inlet of the drilling pump 1. The igniter 8 is connected to the exhaust port of the liquid-gas separation device 6 through an exhaust pipeline 10. The igniter 8 is used to burn the combustible gas separated by the liquid-gas separation device 6.

[0102] Among them, when drilling an ultra-deep well, the drilling pump 1 is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the drilling pump 1 sends drilling fluid into the water inlet pipe. The drill string 14 rotates to drill. During the drilling process, gas and liquid are generated in the mining equipment. The generated gas and liquid enter the liquid-gas separation device 6 through the water outlet pipe. The liquid-gas separation device 6 discharges the combustible gas through the exhaust pipeline 10. At this time, the igniter 8 burns the combustible gas separated by the gas separation device 6, and the liquid-gas separation device 6 discharges the liquid through the discharge pipeline 9. The liquid in the discharge pipeline 9 flows into several circulation tanks 7, and the several circulation tanks 7 then discharge the liquid into the inlet of the drilling pump 1 and flow into the water inlet pipe, so that the water inlet pipe can continuously send drilling fluid into the drill string 14, and the drilling fluid is in a state of circulation.

[0103] In this embodiment, a blowout preventer assembly is also included in the wellhead device. A drill string 14 is provided in the wellhead device, and a drill bit 15 is provided at one end of the drill string 14. The blowout preventer assembly includes a blowout preventer group 4, a casing head group 5, a well kill manifold 11, a choke manifold 12 and a rotary blowout preventer 16. The rotary blowout preventer 16 is arranged at the wellhead of the wellhead device, the blowout preventer group 4 is arranged below the rotary blowout preventer 16, the casing head group 5 is arranged at the bottom of the blowout preventer group 4, the drill string 14 is connected to the rotary blowout preventer 16, and the drill string 14 extends through the blowout preventer group 4 and the casing head group 5 for drilling. The well kill manifold 11 is used to inject well killing fluid into the well when overflow occurs in the well. The choke manifold 12 is used to release gas and liquid in the well when overflow or well kick occurs in the well and the casing pressure exceeds the limit value of the rotary blowout preventer 16. The choke manifold 12 is provided with a regulating valve 13 for adjusting the gas flow rate.

[0104] Among them, the wellhead device is arranged at the wellhead, and the blowout preventer group 4 is often in an open state during the drilling process. When the rotary blowout preventer 16 is working normally, the blowout preventer group 4 can discharge the gas and liquid generated during the drilling process into the liquid-gas separation equipment 6 through the water outlet pipe. At the same time, the gas and liquid generated during the drilling process can also enter the water inlet pipe through reflux. One end of the well killing manifold 11 is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the other end of the well killing manifold 11 is connected to the blowout preventer group 4. One end of the throttle manifold 12 is connected to the liquid-gas separation equipment 6, and the other end of the throttle manifold 12 is connected to the blowout preventer group 4. The rotary blowout preventer 16 can withstand a certain pressure. When the casing pressure at the rotary blowout preventer 16 exceeds the range that the rotary blowout preventer 16 can withstand, the blowout preventer group 4 will discharge the generated gas and liquid into the liquid-gas separation equipment 6 through the throttle manifold 12. In the process of discharging gas from the throttle manifold 12, the gas flow rate can be adjusted by the regulating valve 13.

[0105] It should be noted that the regulating valve 13 can adjust the gas flow rate within a certain range. When the gas flow rate cannot be adjusted using the regulating valve 13, the well-killing manifold 11 is used to discharge the gas in the blowout preventer group 4. A switch valve for opening and closing the well-killing manifold 11 is provided on the well-killing manifold 11. During daily use, the switch valve is in a closed state, and the throttling manifold 12 is used to discharge the gas in the blowout preventer group 4 to the liquid-gas separation equipment 6.

[0106] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, further changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments once those skilled in the art are aware of the underlying inventive concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the claims and equivalents of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and warning underground conditions in ultra-deep wells, characterized in that: The method is applied to an ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning system, the system including mining equipment arranged underground, the mining equipment including an inlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid into the well and an outlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid and underground rock cuttings. S01, based on the flow value of the water outlet pipe being equal to the sum of the flow value of the water inlet pipe and the downhole cuttings flow value, establishing a first data table between the values ​​of the flow data of a plurality of preset water inlet pipes and the values ​​of the standard downhole cuttings data, wherein the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe both include mass flow data and volume flow data, and the first data table is a second mass flow data table and a first volume flow data table; S02, collecting flow data of the water inlet pipe as first real-time flow data and flow data of the water outlet pipe as second real-time flow data in real time, obtaining a real-time data difference between the values ​​of the first real-time flow data and the second real-time flow data, collecting third real-time mass flow data of the water inlet pipe and fourth real-time mass flow data of the water outlet pipe in real time, and obtaining a second real-time mass flow data difference between the third real-time mass flow data and the fourth real-time mass flow data; collecting first real-time volume flow data of a water inlet pipe and second real-time volume flow data of a water outlet pipe in real time, and obtaining a first real-time volume flow data difference between the first real-time volume flow data and the second real-time volume flow data; S03, querying a first data table based on the first real-time flow data, and obtaining target downhole cuttings data corresponding to the first real-time flow data; issuing an alarm when a difference between the real-time data and a value of the target downhole cuttings data do not match; the downhole cuttings data include downhole cuttings mass flow data and downhole cuttings volume flow data; querying a second mass flow data table based on the third real-time mass flow data, and obtaining second target downhole cuttings mass data corresponding to the third real-time mass flow data; querying a first volume flow data table based on the first real-time volume flow data, and obtaining first target downhole cuttings volume data corresponding to the first real-time volume flow data; issuing an alarm when any of a difference between the second real-time mass flow data and a value of the second target downhole cuttings mass data, and a difference between the first real-time volume flow data and the first target downhole cuttings volume data do not match; When it is determined that the second real-time mass flow rate data difference matches the value of the second target downhole cuttings mass data, and the first real-time volume flow rate data difference is greater than the value of the third target downhole cuttings volume data, it is determined that formation fluid has invaded the wellbore, overflow will occur, and an alarm will be issued; When it is determined that the second real-time mass flow rate data difference matches the value of the second target downhole cuttings mass data, and the first real-time volume flow rate data difference is less than the value of the third target downhole cuttings volume data, it is determined that excess material has invaded the wellbore, and an alarm is issued; When it is determined that the first real-time volume flow rate data difference matches the third target downhole cuttings data, and the second real-time mass flow rate data difference is greater than the value of the second target downhole cuttings mass data, it is determined that there are excess cuttings in the wellbore, and an alarm is issued; When it is determined that the first real-time volume flow data difference matches the third target downhole rock cuttings data, and the second real-time mass flow data difference is less than the value of the second target downhole rock cuttings mass data, it is determined that excess material has invaded the wellbore and an alarm is issued.

2. The method for detecting and warning underground conditions in ultra-deep wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe are both mass flow data, and the downhole cuttings data include downhole cuttings mass flow data; In step S01, the first data table is a first mass flow data table; In step S02, first real-time mass flow data of the water inlet pipe and second real-time mass flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a first real-time mass flow data difference between the first real-time mass flow data and the second real-time mass flow data is obtained; In step S03, a first mass flow data table is searched according to the first real-time mass flow data, and first target downhole cuttings mass data corresponding to the first real-time mass flow data is obtained; When it is determined that the difference value of the first real-time mass flow data is greater than the value of the first target downhole cuttings mass data, it is determined that there is excess space in the downhole that has absorbed the liquid, and some materials have entered the formation, resulting in a lost circulation in the downhole, and an alarm is issued; When it is determined that the first real-time mass flow data difference is less than the value of the first target downhole cuttings mass data, it is determined that excess material has invaded the wellbore, and an alarm is issued.

3. The method for detecting and warning underground conditions in ultra-deep wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe are both density flow data, and the downhole rock cuttings data include downhole rock cuttings density flow data; In step S01, the first data table is a first density flow data table; In step S02, first real-time density flow data of the water inlet pipe and second real-time density flow data of the water outlet pipe are collected in real time, and a first real-time density flow data difference between the first real-time density flow data and the second real-time density flow data is obtained; In step S03, a first density flow data table is searched according to the first real-time density flow data, and first target downhole cuttings density data corresponding to the first real-time density flow data is obtained; When it is determined that the difference value of the first real-time density flow rate data is less than the value of the first target downhole cuttings density data, it is determined that gas has entered the wellbore, the annular liquid column pressure has decreased, overflow has occurred, and an alarm is issued; When it is determined that the difference value of the first real-time density flow data is greater than the value of the first target downhole cuttings density data, the corresponding density is compared according to the cycle delay time, and it is determined that a complex situation has occurred in the well, and an alarm is issued.

4. An ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mining device, a data acquisition device, a control processing device and an alarm device, wherein the control processing device comprises a data processor, the data acquisition device comprises an inlet flow meter (2) and an outlet flow meter (3), the mining device comprises a drill string (14), the drill string (14) is provided with an inlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid into the well and an outlet pipe for feeding drilling fluid and rock cuttings out of the well, the inlet flow meter (2) and the outlet flow meter (3) are both communicatively connected to the control processing device, and the control processing device is electrically connected to the alarm device; The inlet flow meter (2) is provided on the water inlet pipe, and the inlet flow meter (2) is used to measure flow data of the water inlet pipe and transmit the data to the data processor; The outlet flow meter (3) is provided on the water outlet pipe, and the outlet flow meter (3) is used to measure flow data of the water outlet pipe and transmit the data to the data processor; The data processor receives the flow data of the water inlet pipe and the flow data of the water outlet pipe, and controls the alarm device to sound an alarm when determining that an abnormality occurs underground according to any one of the methods of claims 1 to 3.

5. The ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes a drilling pump (1), the drilling pump (1) is arranged on the water inlet pipe, and the inlet flow meter (2) is arranged at the high-pressure end of the drilling pump (1) or the low-pressure end of the drilling pump (1).

6. The ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The invention also includes a liquid-gas separation device (6), a plurality of circulation tanks (7) and an igniter (8). The liquid-gas separation device (6) is connected to a water outlet pipe. The liquid-gas separation device (6) includes a liquid discharge port and an exhaust port. The liquid inlet ends of the plurality of circulation tanks (7) are connected to the liquid discharge port of the liquid-gas separation device (6) through a liquid discharge pipeline (9). The liquid outlet ends of the plurality of circulation tanks (7) are connected to the water inlet pipe of the drill string (14). The plurality of circulation tanks (7) are used to input the liquid generated at the outlet of the drilling pump (1) to the inlet of the drilling pump (1). The igniter (8) is connected to the exhaust port of the liquid-gas separation device (6) through an exhaust pipeline (10). The igniter (8) is used to burn the combustible gas separated by the liquid-gas separation device (6).

7. The ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The invention also includes a blowout prevention assembly arranged at a wellhead device, wherein a drill string (14) is arranged in the wellhead device, and a drill bit (15) is arranged at one end of the drill string (14). The blowout prevention assembly includes a blowout preventer group (4), a casing head group (5) and a rotary blowout preventer (16). The rotary blowout preventer (16) is arranged at the wellhead of the wellhead device, the blowout preventer group (4) is arranged below the rotary blowout preventer (16), and the casing head group (5) is arranged at the bottom of the blowout preventer group (4). The drill string (14) is connected to the rotary blowout preventer (16), and the drill string (14) extends through the blowout preventer group (4) and the casing head group (5) to perform drilling.

8. The ultra-deep well underground situation detection and early warning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blowout preventer assembly further comprises a well-killing manifold (11) and a choke manifold (12). The well-killing manifold (11) is used to inject well-killing fluid into the well when overflow occurs in the well, and the choke manifold (12) is used to release gas and liquid in the well when overflow or well kick occurs in the well and the casing pressure exceeds the limit value of the rotary blowout preventer (16). The choke manifold (12) is provided with a regulating valve (13) for regulating the gas flow rate.

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