A measuring method based on the internal and external opening angles of shield segments

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel engineering survey, and specifically discloses a measurement system and method based on the internal and external opening angles of shield segments. Specifically, it includes: a laser emitter for emitting detection laser; a dynamic spatial angle sensor for dynamically monitoring the change in the spatial angle of the laser emitter; a rotation module for dynamically adjusting the position of the segment to be measured; a data processing module for receiving data to establish a spatial angle superposition point model and conducting docking supervision on the established spatial angle superposition points; and a laser receiver for receiving the detection laser and error compensation. The present invention realizes the process of dynamically monitoring the change in the spatial angle of the laser emitter through the dynamic spatial angle sensor, and can effectively improve the detection accuracy along with the establishment of the spatial angle superposition points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel engineering measurement, and specifically refers to a method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments. Background Art

[0002] When constructing urban subways, shield machines are mostly used to excavate the strata, and the excavated strata are supported by segments assembled into rings. The assembly accuracy of the segments directly affects the safety of tunnel construction and operation stages.

[0003] At present, the assembly accuracy of segments is measured by three indicators: opening amount, offset amount, and internal and external opening angles. If there are problems such as poor assembly operation accuracy, construction load, ground settlement, ground heave, and improper grouting between the segments of the same ring or between segment rings, the above three situations will occur at the circumferential and longitudinal joints of the segments. When there are openings, offsets, and internal and external opening angles between the segments, the structural safety and waterproof sealing performance of the tunnel will be reduced. Since the opening amount and offset amount can be measured inside the assembled tunnel, and the measurement principle is relatively simple, these two are commonly used to evaluate the assembly accuracy. However, the evaluation criteria based on the internal and external opening angles are not yet mature, mainly because it is difficult to measure the external opening angle generated by the segments assembled into a ring, resulting in few related studies. Therefore, the present invention focuses on measuring the internal and external opening angles at the circumferential and longitudinal joints between the segments of the assembled tunnel.

[0004] Urban subway tunnels are lined with precast concrete segments assembled into rings by connecting bolts as the support structure. There are joints between the segments forming the ring, and most of the tunnel seepage occurs at these joints. The mainstream waterproofing method is to stick an elastic gasket around the side of the segment in a circular shape. The waterproof contact stress is generated by the mutual extrusion between the segments to achieve the waterproof effect. Both the internal and external opening angle conditions of the segment joints will affect the waterproof performance of the gasket. Especially when the external opening angle condition of the segment joint occurs, since the gasket is attached near the outer side of the segment, the reduction amplitude of the gasket compression amount is greater than that in the internal opening angle condition. The contact pressure between the gaskets is not sufficient to resist the external water pressure and leakage is more likely to occur. Secondly, when there are internal and external opening angle conditions, stress concentration will occur between the segments. In severe cases, it will cause the segments to crack, reducing the structural safety. At the same time, the water in the stratum will seep into the tunnel along the cracks in the cracked segments bypassing the gasket. Moreover, the previous related inventions can only measure the internal and external opening angles of the segment model under laboratory conditions, where there is no stratum coverage on the outside, and the measuring tools and methods are relatively simple. It is impossible to consider the measurement conditions at the construction site, that is, the external opening angle cannot be directly measured due to the stratum coverage outside the segment. Finally, the internal and external opening angles are usually small and less than 2°, and precise measuring devices and reasonable methods are required for measurement. Further, for a measuring device for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments, it can measure the opening angles of the internal and external opening angles of the circumferential and longitudinal joints between the segments on-site, which is convenient for evaluating the engineering quality and safety. However, it can well adapt to and solve problems in the theoretical situation. In the actual application process, due to the defocus between the receiving surface and the image surface of the laser sensor and the uneven light intensity distribution on the aperture surface, there is a large drift in the measuring laser, resulting in certain measurement errors and affecting the measurement accuracy. And based on the special use environment of shield segments, this measurement accuracy is particularly important. Further, for some existing angle measurement methods, most of them require strict usage conditions, that is, special optical elements need to be arranged. Although they can meet the usage conditions in the laboratory, they cannot meet the precise usage requirements under special working conditions such as tunnels.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a measurement system and method to improve the measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A measurement system for the internal and external opening angles of shield segments, specifically including: a laser emitter, which is signal-connected to a data processing system and is used to emit detection laser; a dynamic spatial angle sensor, integrated on the laser emitter and signal-connected to the data processing system, and is used to dynamically monitor the change amount of the spatial angle of the laser emitter; a rotation module, signal-connected to the data processing module, and is used to dynamically adjust the position of the segment to be measured; a data processing module, signal-connected to the laser emitter, the dynamic spatial angle sensor, and the rotation module, and is used to receive data to establish a spatial angle overlapping point model and conduct docking supervision on the established spatial angle overlapping points; a laser receiver, signal-connected to the data processing module, and is used to receive the detection laser and perform error compensation. In the prior art, due to the defocus between the receiving surface and the image surface of the laser sensor and the uneven light intensity distribution on the aperture surface, there is a large drift amount in the measurement laser, resulting in certain measurement errors and affecting the measurement accuracy. Moreover, based on the special use environment of shield segments, this measurement accuracy is particularly important. Further, for some existing angle measurement methods, most of them require strict usage conditions, that is, special optical elements need to be arranged. Although they can meet the usage conditions in the laboratory, they cannot meet the accurate usage under special working conditions such as tunnels.

[0009] In view of the above problems, the applicant has proposed a measurement system for the internal and external opening angles of shield segments to improve the measurement method for the internal and external opening angles of shield segments. First, specifically, the data processing module in the measurement system is used to control the rotation module to adjust the position of the segment to be measured, and at the same time, control the high-precision imaging module to construct an optical imaging field of view. The high-precision imaging module transmits the optical imaging field of view data to the data processing module. Secondly, the data processing module determines the spatial angle overlapping points based on the optical imaging field of view data, and then uses the spatial angle overlapping points as a reference to convert the angle measurement into the recognition and tracking of the reference target. The high-precision imaging module constructs an optical imaging field of view according to the movement process of the rotation module driving the segment to be measured, so as to facilitate the output of the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the laser emitter. Finally, the data processing module combines and processes the coordinate data into angle values.

[0010] Furthermore, the dynamic spatial angle sensor includes: a high-precision imaging module and a mechanical fixing module. The high-precision imaging module is installed on the mechanical fixing module, and the mechanical fixing module is fixed inside the laser emitter. The high-precision imaging module constructs an optical imaging field of view according to the movement process of the rotation module driving the segment to be measured.

[0011] The data processing module constructs spatial angle overlapping points based on the optical imaging field of view and determines the spatial angle overlapping points according to the dynamic adjustment feedback of the rotation module. If the determination is successful, docking supervision is carried out on the spatial angle overlapping points. If the determination fails, the optical imaging field of view is reconstructed until the determination is successful.

[0012] The spatial angle sensor further includes: an absolute optoelectronic module for outputting the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the laser emitter.

[0013] Furthermore, a method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments is used to further improve the measurement accuracy of shield segments, and specifically includes the following steps: Step 1, vertically place the laser emitter at the joint of the segment to be measured, and zero the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the absolute optoelectronic module through the data processing module; Step 2, use the data processing module in the measurement system to control the rotation module to adjust the position of the segment to be measured, and at the same time control the high-precision imaging module to construct an optical imaging field of view. The high-precision imaging module transmits the optical imaging field of view data to the data processing module, and the data processing module determines the spatial angle overlap point according to the optical imaging field of view data; Step 3, use the data processing module in the measurement system to control the rotation module to return the position of the segment to be measured, and zero the pitch angle and azimuth angle again; Step 4, the data processing module docks the spatial angle overlap points, constructs a spatial rectangular coordinate system with the spatial angle overlap point as the coordinate origin and the laser emission direction as the positive x direction, controls the rotation module to adjust the segment to be measured, and the laser receiver records the real-time coordinate changes of the detected laser and transmits the data to the signal processing module. The data processing module determines the value of the internal and external opening angles of the segment to be measured according to the data.

[0014] Further, Step 2 specifically includes: The data processing module determines the spatial angle overlap point based on the dynamic adjustment feedback of the rotation module. If the determination is successful, it conducts docking supervision on the spatial angle overlap point. If the determination fails, it reconstructs the optical imaging field of view until the determination is successful. It should be noted that for the determination of the spatial angle overlap point, the data processing module needs to determine the spatial angle based on the dynamic adjustment feedback of the rotation module. Since the position coordinates of the spatial angle overlap point are the coordinate origin, it directly affects the subsequent coordinate solving process. In other words, the position coordinates of the spatial angle overlap point directly determine the measurement accuracy.

[0015] Further, Step 4 also includes: The laser receiver performs high-precision dynamic error compensation on the detected laser according to the optical imaging field of view sequence.

[0016] Further, the specific content of Step 4 is as follows: According to the imaging relationship of the focal plane of the optical system, set the distance from the laser emitter to the spatial angle overlap point as, and the optical axis is on the x-axis of the coordinate. At this time, the coordinates of the spatial angle overlap point are , and the coordinates after passing through the optical imaging field of view are: , , .

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention realizes the process of dynamically monitoring the change in the spatial angle of a laser emitter through a dynamic spatial angle sensor, and the establishment of spatial angle superposition points can effectively improve the detection accuracy.

[0019] 2. The system module of the present invention is completely different from existing high-precision optical measuring instruments. Existing measurement methods have high requirements for the measurement environment and single functions, which determine that the above methods can only be used in laboratories with good experimental environments and cannot be flexibly used in engineering tunnels. The measurement system and method of the present invention can meet actual use conditions without affecting the measurement accuracy and can measure the internal and external opening angles in engineering tunnels.

[0020] 3. In the actual application process of the present invention, the situation of defocus between the receiving surface of the laser sensor and the image surface and the uneven light intensity distribution on the aperture surface are overcome, the drift amount of the measurement laser is reduced, and thus a certain measurement error is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals in the drawings and corresponding component names: DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is already in the actual research and development and use stage.

[0025] Embodiment:

[0026] As Figure 1 shown,

[0027] A measurement system based on the internal and external opening angles of shield segments, specifically including: a laser emitter, signal-connected to a data processing system, for emitting detection laser; a dynamic spatial angle sensor, integrated on the laser emitter and signal-connected to the data processing system, for dynamically monitoring the change in the spatial angle of the laser emitter; a rotation module, signal-connected to the data processing module, for dynamically adjusting the position of the segment to be measured; a data processing module, signal-connected to the laser emitter, the dynamic spatial angle sensor, and the rotation module, for receiving data to establish a spatial angle overlapping point model and conducting docking supervision on the established spatial angle overlapping points; a laser receiver, signal-connected to the data processing module, for receiving the detection laser and error compensation. The dynamic spatial angle sensor includes: a high-precision imaging module and a mechanical fixing module. The high-precision imaging module is installed on the mechanical fixing module, and the mechanical fixing module is fixed inside the laser emitter. The high-precision imaging module constructs an optical imaging field of view according to the movement process of the segment to be measured driven by the rotation module. The data processing module constructs spatial angle overlapping points based on the optical imaging field of view and determines the spatial angle overlapping points according to the dynamic adjustment feedback of the rotation module. If the determination is successful, docking supervision is carried out on the spatial angle overlapping points. If the determination fails, the optical imaging field of view is reconstructed until the determination is successful. The spatial angle sensor also includes: an absolute optoelectronic module, for outputting the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the laser emitter.

[0028] A method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments specifically includes the following steps: Step 1, vertically place a laser emitter at the joint of the segment to be measured, and zero the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the absolute optoelectronic module through the data processing module; Step 2, use the data processing module in the measurement system to control the rotation module to adjust the position of the segment to be measured, and at the same time control the high-precision imaging module to construct an optical imaging field of view. The high-precision imaging module transmits the optical imaging field of view data to the data processing module, and the data processing module determines the spatial angle overlap point according to the optical imaging field of view data; Step 3, use the data processing module in the measurement system to control the rotation module to restore the position of the segment to be measured, and zero the pitch angle and azimuth angle again; Step 4, the data processing module docks the spatial angle overlap points, constructs a spatial rectangular coordinate system with the spatial angle overlap point as the coordinate origin and the laser emission direction as the positive x direction, controls the rotation module to adjust the segment to be measured, and the laser receiver records the real-time coordinate changes of the detected laser, and transmits the data to the signal processing module. The data processing module determines the value of the internal and external opening angles of the segment to be measured according to the data. Step 2 specifically includes: the data processing module determines the spatial angle overlap point based on the dynamic adjustment feedback of the rotation module. If the determination is successful, it conducts docking supervision on the spatial angle overlap point. If the determination fails, it reconstructs the optical imaging field of view until the determination is successful. Step 4 also includes: the laser receiver performs high-precision dynamic error compensation on the detected laser according to the optical imaging field of view sequence. The specific content of Step 4 includes: according to the imaging relationship of the focal plane of the optical system, set the distance from the laser emitter to the spatial angle overlap point as, the optical axis is on the x-axis of the coordinate. At this time, the coordinates of the spatial angle overlap point are , and the coordinates after passing through the optical imaging field of view are: , , .

[0029] It should be noted that in the prior art, due to the defocus between the receiving surface of the laser sensor and the image plane and the uneven light intensity distribution on the aperture plane, there is a large drift in the measured laser, resulting in a certain measurement error, which affects the measurement accuracy. Moreover, based on the special use environment of the shield segment, this measurement accuracy is particularly important. Further, for some existing angle measurement methods, most of them require strict usage conditions, that is, special optical elements need to be arranged. Although they can meet the usage conditions in the laboratory, they cannot meet the precise usage under special working conditions such as tunnels. In view of the above problems, the applicant proposes a measurement system based on the internal and external opening angles of the shield segment to improve the measurement method of the internal and external opening angles of the shield segment. First, specifically, the data processing module in the measurement system is used to control the rotation module to adjust the position of the segment to be measured, and at the same time, the high-precision imaging module is controlled to construct an optical imaging field of view. The high-precision imaging module transmits the optical imaging field of view data to the data processing module. Secondly, the data processing module determines the spatial angle superposition point according to the optical imaging field of view data, and then uses the spatial angle superposition point as a reference object to convert the angle measurement into the recognition and tracking of the reference target. The high-precision imaging module constructs an optical imaging field of view according to the movement process of the rotation module driving the segment to be measured, so as to facilitate the output of the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the laser emitter. Finally, the data processing module combines and processes the coordinate data into angle values.

[0030] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Vertically place the laser emitter at the joint of the segment to be measured, and zero the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the absolute optoelectronic module through the data processing module; Step 2: Use the data processing module in the measurement system to control the rotation module to adjust the position of the segment to be measured. At the same time, control the high-precision imaging module to construct an optical imaging field of view. The high-precision imaging module transmits the optical imaging field of view data to the data processing module, and the data processing module determines the spatial angle overlap point according to the optical imaging field of view data; Step 3: Use the data processing module in the measurement system to control the rotation module to restore the position of the segment to be measured, and zero the pitch angle and azimuth angle again; Step 4: The data processing module docks the spatial angle overlap points. Taking the spatial angle overlap point as the coordinate origin and the laser emission direction as the positive x direction, construct a spatial rectangular coordinate system. Control the rotation module to adjust the segment to be measured. The laser receiver records the real-time coordinate changes of the detection laser and transmits the data to the signal processing module. The data processing module determines the value of the internal and external opening angles of the segment to be measured according to the data; Among them, the measurement system includes: A laser emitter, which is signal-connected to the data processing system and is used to emit detection laser; A dynamic spatial angle sensor, integrated on the laser emitter and signal-connected to the data processing system, which is used to dynamically monitor the change amount of the spatial angle of the laser emitter; A rotation module, which is signal-connected to the data processing module and is used to dynamically adjust the position of the segment to be measured; A data processing module, which is signal-connected to the laser emitter, the dynamic spatial angle sensor and the rotation module, and is used to receive data to establish a spatial angle overlap point model and conduct docking supervision on the established spatial angle overlap points; A laser receiver, which is signal-connected to the data processing module and is used to receive detection laser and error compensation; 2. The method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic spatial angle sensor includes: a high-precision imaging module and a mechanical fixing module. The high-precision imaging module is installed on the mechanical fixing module, and the mechanical fixing module is fixed inside the laser emitter. The high-precision imaging module constructs an optical imaging field of view according to the movement process of the rotation module driving the segment to be measured; 3. The method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data processing module constructs a spatial angle overlap point according to the optical imaging field of view, and determines the spatial angle overlap point based on the dynamic adjustment feedback of the rotation module. If the determination is successful, conduct docking supervision on the spatial angle overlap point. If the determination fails, reconstruct the optical imaging field of view until the determination is successful; 4. The method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial angle sensor also includes: an absolute optoelectronic module, which is used to output the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the laser emitter; 5. The method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, Step 2 includes: The data processing module determines the spatial angle overlap point based on the dynamic adjustment feedback of the rotation module. If the determination is successful, conduct docking supervision on the spatial angle overlap point. If the determination fails, reconstruct the optical imaging field of view until the determination is successful; 6. The method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 4 also includes: The laser receiver performs high-precision dynamic error compensation on the detection laser according to the optical imaging field of view sequence; 7. The method for measuring the internal and external opening angles of shield segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 4 specifically includes: According to the imaging relationship of the focal plane of the optical system, the distance from the laser emitter to the spatial angle overlap point is set to be, with the optical axis on the x-axis of the coordinate system. At this time, the coordinates of the spatial angle overlap point are , and the coordinates after passing through the optical imaging field of view are: , , .

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