Device monitoring based on data collection and analysis

Abstract

According to an example, the device monitoring based on data collection and analysis can include obtaining, at a monitoring data collector, monitoring data associated with monitoring of a thermal characteristic of a device from an optical fiber of a sensing film used to monitor the thermal characteristic of the device. The monitoring data can be forwarded to a monitoring data analyzer that is remote from the monitoring data collector. Based on an analysis of the monitoring data by the monitoring data analyzer, an indication of an operational status of the device can be received from the monitoring data analyzer. A device controller can control operation of the device based on the indication of the operational status of the device.

Description

[0001] priority

[0002] This application claims priority to commonly assigned and co-pending European Patent Application No. EP21305505.6, filed April 16, 2021, entitled “OPTICAL FIBER-BASED SENSING MEMBRANE LAYOUT”, commonly assigned and co-pending European Patent Application No. EP21305506.4, filed April 16, 2021, entitled “OPTICAL FIBER-BASED SENSING MEMBRANE”, commonly assigned and co-pending European Patent Application No. EP21186792.4, filed July 20, 2021, entitled “DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS-BASED DEVICE MONITORING”, commonly assigned and co-pending European Patent Application No. EP21186792.4, filed December 28, 2021, entitled “DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS-BASED DEVICE MONITORING MONTORING"; the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. background

[0003] Optical fiber can be used in various industries, such as communications, medical, military, and broadcasting, to transmit data and for other related applications. Examples of applications include sensing temperature, mechanical strain, and / or vibration through the use of optical fiber. The data collected for such applications may need to be processed in an efficient manner to control operations related to the vehicle that senses temperature, mechanical strain, and / or vibration, and / or to control operations related to other vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0004] The features of the present disclosure are illustrated by the examples shown in the following figures. In the following figures, like numbers represent like elements, wherein:

[0005] Figure 1A An electric vehicle including a data collection and analysis based equipment monitoring system including a fiber-optic based sensing film is shown according to an example of the present disclosure;

[0006] Figure 1B According to an example of the present disclosure, it is shown Figure 1A More details on the equipment monitoring system based on data collection and analysis;

[0007] Figure 2 An example according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1A an electric vehicle wherein the optical fiber-based sensing membrane is removed;

[0008] Figure 3 shows an example of use according to the present disclosure Figure 1A Schematic diagram of the optical fiber-based sensing membrane;

[0009] Figure 4 An example according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1A A schematic diagram of a user interface display related to a device monitoring system based on data collection and analysis;

[0010] Figure 5 An example according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1A Schematic diagram of monitoring displays related to the equipment monitoring system based on data collection and analysis;

[0011] Figure 6A Examples according to the present disclosure are shown for illustrating Figure 1A Cloud-based monitoring system for equipment that collects and analyzes data about the operation of individual vehicles;

[0012] Figure 6B According to an example of the present disclosure, a plurality of vehicles are shown. Figure 1A Cloud-based operation and analysis of equipment monitoring systems based on data collection and analysis;

[0013] Figure 7 A distributed temperature sensing interrogator (DTS) according to an example of the present disclosure is shown for illustrating Figure 1A Operation of equipment monitoring systems based on data collection and analysis;

[0014] Figure 8 The distributed data processing according to the example of the present disclosure is shown to illustrate Figure 1A Operation of equipment monitoring systems based on data collection and analysis;

[0015] Figure 9 shows an example according to the present disclosure, Figure 1A Hardware considerations for the breakdown of equipment monitoring systems' operations based on data collection and analysis;

[0016] Figure 10 An example according to the present disclosure is shown, which separates data collection from data processing to illustrate Figure 1A Operation of equipment monitoring systems based on data collection and analysis;

[0017] Figure 11 The software separation architecture according to the example of the present disclosure is shown for illustrating Figure 1A Operation of equipment monitoring systems based on data collection and analysis;

[0018] Figure 12An example block diagram illustrating device monitoring based on data collection and analysis according to an example of the present disclosure is shown;

[0019] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating an example method of equipment monitoring based on data collection and analysis according to an example of the present disclosure; and

[0020] Figure 14 Another example block diagram of equipment monitoring based on data collection and analysis according to another example of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed description

[0021] For simplicity and illustrative purposes, the present disclosure is described primarily by reference to its examples. In the following description, details are set forth to provide an understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent that the present disclosure may be implemented without being limited to these details. In other cases, some methods and structures have not yet been described in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present disclosure.

[0022] In this disclosure, the terms "a" and "an" are intended to mean at least one of the specified elements. As used herein, the term "includes" means including but not limited to, and the term "including" means including but not limited to. The term "based on" means based at least in part on.

[0023] Disclosed herein are a device monitoring system based on data collection and analysis, a device monitoring method based on data collection and analysis, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon machine-readable instructions for providing device monitoring based on data collection and analysis. The disclosed systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable medium provide a physically separate monitoring data collector and monitoring data analyzer. The device monitoring system based on data collection and analysis may be referred to hereinafter as a "monitoring system."

[0024] In connection with the systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media disclosed herein, devices, such as batteries of electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and other such vehicles, may be monitored to maintain the devices in a safe operating state. For example, it may be necessary to monitor the batteries of electric vehicles before potential problems interfere with the operation of the batteries. Electric vehicles and other such vehicles typically include limited space for sensors, data collection systems, and data analysis systems. In this regard, due to the increased demand for data monitoring, it is technically challenging to integrate sensors, data collection systems, and data analysis systems in electric vehicles. Additionally, it is technically challenging to integrate sensors, data collection systems, and data analysis systems so that multiple electric vehicles can communicate with each other.

[0025] The systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media disclosed herein may address the aforementioned technical challenges by separating monitoring data collectors and monitoring data analyzers from each other.

[0026] According to the examples disclosed herein, a monitoring data collector may represent a dedicated device including data collection functionality. A monitoring data analyzer may include, but is not limited to, data processing and analysis functionality.

[0027] According to examples disclosed herein, a monitoring data analyzer can communicate with a monitoring data collector, for example, using cellular signals, Wi-Fi signals, and other types of wireless connections.

[0028] According to examples disclosed herein, data processing associated with a monitoring data collector and a monitoring data analyzer may be performed by using and sharing existing embedded devices in an electric vehicle.

[0029] According to examples disclosed herein, the systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media disclosed herein can provide for processing associated with a monitoring data collector to be performed at a location other than an electric vehicle. For example, the processing can be performed by a monitoring data analyzer at a cloud, a central office, or the like. The results of the processing can be transmitted back to the electric vehicle or vehicles intermittently or upon completion.

[0030] According to examples disclosed herein, the systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media disclosed herein can utilize a processor of an electric vehicle. For example, processing performed by a monitoring data analyzer and associated with a monitoring data collector can be performed by utilizing a processor of an electric vehicle.

[0031] According to examples disclosed herein, one or more sensors may be used with a single monitoring data collector. In this regard, the sensor may include the fiber-optic-based sensing membrane disclosed herein.

[0032] According to examples disclosed herein, the systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media disclosed herein can be used for data monitoring associated with an optical fiber-based sensing film. The optical fiber-based sensing film can include at least one optical fiber and a flexible substrate. At least one optical fiber can be integrated in the flexible substrate. The flexible substrate can include thickness and material properties that are specified to obtain thermal and / or mechanical properties associated with the device via at least one optical fiber and for a device that is continuously bonded to the surface of the flexible substrate, includes a flexible substrate embedded in a device, or includes a surface of a flexible substrate at a predetermined distance from the device. Examples of mechanical properties can include strain, vibration, and other such properties. The device can include, for example, a battery pack for an electric vehicle, or any other type of flat or curved structure to be monitored. In addition, the substrate can be flexible or rigid. For example, for surface applications of the sensing film on a device or embedded applications of the sensing film in a device, the optical fiber can be embedded in a rigid sensing film formed by a rigid substrate. According to another example, for an optical fiber integrated in a molded component of a device such as a battery pack, the optical fiber can be embedded in a rigid sensing film formed by a rigid substrate.

[0033] According to the examples disclosed herein, the monitoring data collector may include an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to determine the temperature and / or strain associated with the device. OTDR can represent an optoelectronic instrument used to characterize optical fibers, such as those used in equipment monitoring systems based on data collection and analysis. The OTDR can inject a series of light pulses into the optical fiber being tested. Based on the injected light pulses, the OTDR can extract light scattered or reflected back from points along the optical fiber from the same end of the optical fiber into which the light pulses were injected. The refocused scattered light or reflected light can be used to characterize the optical fiber. For example, the refocused scattered light or reflected light can be used to detect, locate, and measure events at any location on the optical fiber. Events can include faults at any location on the optical fiber. Other types of characteristics that the OTDR can measure include attenuation uniformity and attenuation rate, segment length, and the location and insertion loss of connectors and splices.

[0034] An OTDR can be used to determine the Brillouin and Rayleigh traces of an optical fiber, for example, based on the Brillouin and Rayleigh traces of an optical fiber monitored by a data collection and analysis device. In one example, during an initial acquisition, the Brillouin frequency shift and the Brillouin power can be used to achieve an absolute reference of a Rayleigh reference trace (or more traces). The Rayleigh reference trace can represent a reference point for subsequent measurements of the Rayleigh frequency shift. In this regard, the absolute reference of the Rayleigh reference trace (or more traces) can then be used to determine the temperature and / or strain associated with the optical fiber by using the Brillouin frequency shift and the Rayleigh frequency shift in subsequent acquisitions.

[0035] According to examples disclosed herein, a data collection and analysis-based device monitoring system may be used to determine temperature, strain, and / or vibration associated with a device (eg, a battery pack) based on distributed measurements.

[0036] For the systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media disclosed herein, the elements of the systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media disclosed herein may be any combination of hardware and programs to implement the functions of the corresponding elements. In some examples described herein, the combination of hardware and programming can be implemented in a variety of different ways. For example, the programming of the element can be processor-executable instructions stored on a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, and the hardware of the element can include processing resources for executing these instructions. In these examples, the computing device that implements these elements can include a machine-readable storage medium that stores instructions and processing resources for executing instructions, or the machine-readable storage medium can be stored separately and can be accessed by the computing device and processing resources. In some examples, some elements can be implemented in circuits.

[0037] Figure 1A A vehicle 150 according to an example of the present disclosure is shown, which may include a hybrid vehicle (e.g., a combination of electric and non-electric), an electric vehicle, or other such vehicle, including a data collection and analysis based equipment monitoring system 100 (hereinafter referred to as "monitoring system 100"). Figure 1B Further details of monitoring system 100 according to an example of the present disclosure are shown.

[0038] refer to Figure 1A and 1B , the monitoring system 100 may include a monitoring data collector 152 and a monitoring data analyzer 154 for processing monitoring data 156 collected by the monitoring data collector 152. Figure 1B The operations of the monitoring data collector 152 and the monitoring data analyzer 154 are described in more detail.

[0039] The vehicle 150 may include a sensing membrane 102 disposed on a device such as a battery pack 104. The vehicle 150 may include other known components, such as a thermal system 106 for cooling the vehicle, an auxiliary battery 108, an onboard battery charger 110, a vehicle transmission 112, a charging port 114 for the battery pack 104, a converter 116, a power electronics controller 118, and an electric traction motor 120.

[0040] Figure 1B More details of monitoring system 100 are shown according to examples of the present disclosure.

[0041] refer to Figure 1B , the monitoring system 100 may include a monitoring data collector 152, which is composed of at least one hardware processor (e.g., Figure 12 The hardware processor 1202 and / or Figure 14 The hardware processor 1404) is executed to obtain monitoring data 156 related to thermal characteristic monitoring of the device 160 from the optical fiber of the sensing film 102 for monitoring the thermal characteristics of the device 160.

[0042] The monitoring data collector 152 may forward the monitoring data 156 to a processor (e.g., Figure 12 The hardware processor 1202 and / or Figure 14 The monitoring data analyzer 154 may be remote from the monitoring data collector 152. For example, the monitoring data analyzer 154 may be physically remote from the monitoring data collector 152.

[0043] Monitoring data collector 152 may receive an indication of an operational status of device 160 from monitoring data analyzer 154 based on analysis of monitoring data 156 by monitoring data analyzer 154 .

[0044] By at least one hardware processor (e.g. Figure 12 The hardware processor 1202 and / or Figure 14 The device controller 162 executed by the hardware processor 1404 of the device 160 can control the operation of the device 160 based on the indication 164 of the operating state of the device 160.

[0045] According to examples disclosed herein, device 160 may include battery pack 104 of vehicle 150 , which may include a hybrid vehicle (eg, a combination of electric and non-electric), an electric vehicle, or other such vehicle.

[0046] According to examples disclosed herein, the monitoring data analyzer 154 may be implemented in the cloud (eg, cloud computing).

[0047] According to examples disclosed herein, the monitoring data analyzer 154 may be implemented at a remote geographic location, which may be used to host servers and other such components to implement the operations of the monitoring data analyzer 154 .

[0048] According to examples disclosed herein, the sensing film 102 can include a generally planar configuration. For example, the sensing film 102 can include a planar configuration to match the surface configuration of the battery pack 104. In this regard, the flexibility of the sensing film 102 can facilitate the sensing film 102 to conform to surface variations of the battery pack 104.

[0049] According to examples disclosed herein, device controller 162 may control the operation of device 160 to shut off current to and / or from device 160 based on an indication of the operating status of device 160 .

[0050] According to examples disclosed herein, the device controller 162 can control operation of the device 160 based on the indication 164 of the operating state of the device 160 by generating a notification related to the operating state 164 of the device 160 based on the indication 164 of the operating state of the device 160. The notification can include an alert or another type of message to a user of the vehicle 150 or a remote authorized person monitoring operation of the vehicle 150. For example, as shown, the notification can be displayed on a user interface display 166 of the monitoring data collector 152. Figure 1A

[0051] According to examples disclosed herein, the monitoring data collector 152 can forward the monitoring data 156 to the monitoring data analyzer 154 remotely located from the monitoring data collector 152 via a Wi-Fi signal.

[0052] According to examples disclosed herein, the monitoring data collector 152 can forward the monitoring data 156 to the monitoring data analyzer 154 remotely located from the monitoring data collector 152 via a cellular signal.

[0053] According to examples disclosed herein, the monitoring data analyzer 154 can receive, from a remotely located monitoring data collector 152, monitoring data 156 obtained from an optical fiber of a sensing film 102 used to monitor thermal and / or mechanical properties of a device 160 related to thermal and / or mechanical properties of the device 160. The monitoring data analyzer 154 can forward, to the monitoring data collector 152, an indication 164 of an operating state of the device 160 based on an analysis of the monitoring data 156. The indication 164 of the operating state of the device 160 can be used to control operation of the device 160, for example, by shutting off power to the device 160, controlling current to the device 160, etc.

[0054] Figure 2 A vehicle 150 is shown according to examples of the present disclosure, with the monitoring system 100 and sensing film 102 removed. Figure 1A

[0055] Referring to Figure 2 , a battery pack 104 is shown with the sensing film 102 removed. In this regard, the battery pack 104 can include a plurality of battery cells 200 as shown. The sensing film 102 can be configured to sense thermal and / or strain changes associated with one, several, or all of the battery cells 200 of the battery pack 104, and / or vibrations.

[0056] Figure 3 A schematic diagram is shown illustrating an in-use fiber optic based sensing film 102 according to examples of the present disclosure.

[0057] Referring to Figure 3 ​​, the optical fiber based sensing film 102 may include at least one optical fiber integrated in an adhesive substrate. Figure 3 In the example of FIG. 3 , a plurality of optical fibers 300 may be integrated into an adhesive matrix 302 as shown in the enlarged view.

[0058] exist Figure 3 In the example of Figure 3 The battery pack 104 may include a plurality of battery cells. In the example shown, the battery cells may include Figure 3 The upper and lower sensing films and the battery pack 104 may be enclosed in a housing having an upper layer 306 and a lower layer 308 of the housing in a manner similar to that of FIG. Figure 3 The orientation is shown.

[0059] for Figure 3 In the example of , the sensing film 102 at 310 can be used to sense heat and / or strain changes and / or vibrations of the upper battery cell at 312, and the sensing film 102 at 314 can be used to sense heat and / or strain changes and / or vibrations of the lower battery cell at 316.

[0060] The adhesive base may include polyimide or other such materials. The polyimide material may provide the necessary durability against vibrations associated with the battery pack 104 and / or other components that may be bonded to the sensing film 102. Similarly, the polyimide material may provide the necessary durability against temperature variations associated with the battery pack 104 and / or other components, which may be on the order of -40°C to 140°C, or include a range greater than -40°C to 140°C. In addition, the polyimide material may provide the necessary flexibility associated with surface variations associated with the battery pack 104 and / or other components that may be bonded to the sensing film 102. The polyimide material may also be transparent and thus provide sufficient light to be transmitted into the optical fiber for detecting light or anomalies (e.g., high temperature events) associated with the battery pack 104.

[0061] The sensing film 102 may be lightweight (eg, 200-500 g / m 2 In this regard, the sensing membrane 102 may add minimal weight to the device being monitored for heat and / or strain changes and / or vibrations.

[0062] The sensing film 102 can be approximately 0.5 mm, thereby minimizing integration challenges with devices that are being monitored for thermal and / or strain changes and / or vibrations. In this regard, the thickness of the optical fibers embedded in the sensing film 102 can be approximately 0.25 mm. For geometric patterns of optical fibers that include intersecting fibers, such optical fibers can be treated after the sensing film is assembled, for example, by a combination of pressure and temperatures above the melting point of the fiber coating, without affecting the sensing film material. Thus, a total thickness of 0.5 mm can increase the minimum thickness associated with the battery pack 104.

[0063] Continue to refer Figure 3 , shows an example of a test setup for evaluating the performance of a distributed temperature sensing system based on a distributed temperature sensing interrogator (DTS) 318 (also referred to herein as a distributed temperature sensor) and a fiber optic sensing film 320, and which can be used to sense temperature, but a distributed strain sensing interrogator can also be used instead of the DTS to sense strain changes. In this regard, the distributed temperature sensing interrogator 318, which can include an OTDR, can be used with various examples of the sensing film 102 disclosed herein.

[0064] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a user interface display associated with monitoring system 100 is shown, according to an example of the present disclosure.

[0065] refer to Figure 4 As described herein, the monitoring system 100 may include a monitoring data analyzer 154. In this regard, the monitoring data analyzer 154 may generate a display of the operating status of the battery pack 104 via a user interface display 400 on a smart device 402. For example, the display 400 may include a display of the vehicle 150, a cutout display of the battery pack 104, and a graphical display 404 of the operating temperatures associated with one, a selected number of, or all of the battery cells of the battery pack 104.

[0066] Figure 5 According to an example of the present disclosure, a schematic diagram of a monitoring display associated with the monitoring system 100 is shown.

[0067] refer to Figure 5 , the monitoring data collector 152 may include an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to determine the temperature and / or strain associated with the device 160. Figure 1A-5For example, the device may include a battery pack 104. OTDR can represent an optoelectronic instrument for characterizing an optical fiber, such as the sensing film 102. The OTDR can inject a series of light pulses into the optical fiber under test (e.g., the optical fiber of the sensing film 102). Based on the injected light pulses, the OTDR can extract light scattered or reflected back from a point along the optical fiber from the same end of the optical fiber into which the light pulses were injected. The refocused scattered light or reflected light can be used to characterize the optical fiber. For example, the refocused scattered light or reflected light can be used to detect, locate, and measure events at any location of the optical fiber. Events can include faults at any location of the optical fiber. Other types of characteristics that the OTDR can measure include attenuation uniformity and attenuation rate, segment length, and the location and insertion loss of connectors and splices.

[0068] for Figure 5 In an example, device 500 (which may be an OTDR or another type of display device) is operably connected to battery pack 104 to measure and / or display an operating temperature associated with one, a selected number of, or all of the battery cells of battery pack 104.

[0069] According to an example of the present disclosure, Figure 6A A cloud and analysis are shown to illustrate the operation of the monitoring system 100 for a single vehicle.

[0070] refer to Figure 1B and Figure 6A As described herein, the monitoring data 156 may be sent from the monitoring data collector 152 to a monitoring data analyzer 154. In this regard, the monitoring data analyzer 154 may be implemented, for example, in the cloud environment 600 to perform analysis on the monitoring data 156. The monitoring data 156 may be sent to the cloud environment 600, and / or the enterprise private cloud 602 for additional security. At the cloud environment 600 and / or the enterprise private cloud 602, analysis may be performed at 604 regarding the operating state of the battery pack 104 to generate insights 606, such as battery temperature, remaining battery life, operating condition (e.g., correct, incorrect, etc.), and the like. The insights 606 may be displayed in a display, for example Figure 4 4. Regarding insight 606, the remaining battery life can be determined based on the measured voltage of the battery pack 104 and a coulomb counter that measures the current drawn or delivered to the battery pack 104. Knowing the battery chemistry and behavior, the operating condition and health of the battery pack 104 can be determined based on the sensor membrane 102 and other inputs.

[0071] The monitoring data 156 can be uploaded to the cloud in real time (e.g., when any changes occur in the data) or at preset intervals (e.g., every 2 seconds, 10 seconds, 30 seconds, etc.). In this regard, processing resources in the cloud can also be saved.

[0072] According to an example of the present disclosure, Figure 6B The cloud and analytics are shown to illustrate the operation of the monitoring system 100 for multiple vehicles.

[0073] refer to Figure 6B With respect to the multiple vehicles shown at 608, monitoring data 156 may be collected from several vehicles to identify trends, anomalies, and the like associated with the operation of the battery pack 104. In this regard, if the status of the battery pack 104 on a particular vehicle indicates a potential anomaly due to a particular event, notification of such an event may be relayed to other vehicles to prevent the anomaly from occurring in the other vehicles. With respect to the determination of events associated with multiple vehicles, if, through monitoring the battery pack 104, a particular event is determined to precede a more general failure, monitoring of that event may be used to predict failures in all other battery packs of the multiple vehicles. One example may include battery cell voltage. If a change in the battery cell voltage of a particular battery pack has previously been observed on a vehicle, and in this case, it has led to a cascading failure of other battery cells and / or battery packs, then reviewing information about the particular battery cell and / or battery pack when monitoring multiple vehicles may be used to prevent future cascading failures.

[0074] Figure 7 A distributed temperature sensing interrogator (DTS) according to an example of the present disclosure is shown to illustrate the operation of the monitoring system 100.

[0075] refer to Figure 7 ,for Figure 7 For example, the monitoring data collector 152 may include a display similar to Figure 4 4. In this regard, the intelligence relayed from the monitoring data analyzer 154 to the monitoring data collector 152 may include the display of various insights 606, such as battery temperature, remaining life, operating conditions, etc. In this regard, the OTDR functionality of the monitoring data collector 152 is described as a distributed temperature sensing interrogator (DTS) 700. The DTS 700 may determine the thermal condition of the battery cells of the battery pack 104. The thermal control system 702 may control the operation of the battery cells of the battery pack 104, for example, by disconnecting power to / from a particular battery cell (e.g., battery cell 704) that may be identified as a battery cell that may be experiencing an anomaly (e.g., high temperature, malfunction, etc.).

[0076] Figure 8 According to examples of the present disclosure, distributed data processing is described to illustrate the operation of the monitoring system 100 .

[0077] refer to Figure 8, distributed data processing for the monitoring system 100 may be implemented to include optical components 802, data sampling 804, and OTDR acquisition 806, which are part of the monitoring data collector 152. The optical components 802 may include a laser that injects a series of light pulses into the optical fiber under test (e.g., the optical fiber of the sensing film 102), associated analog-to-digital converter hardware, and related components. Data sampling 804 may include pulse generation and collection of analog-to-digital converter samples. The OTDR acquisition 806 may include linear buffer averaging, as well as linear buffer to logarithmic buffer conversion.

[0078] In addition, distributed data processing for the monitoring system 100 can be implemented to include OTDR analysis 808 and temperature analysis 810, which are part of the monitoring data analyzer 154. The OTDR analysis 808 can include optical event detection for the optical fiber under test (e.g., the optical fiber of the sensing film 102). The temperature analysis 810 can include temperature result generation, as well as battery and sensing film logic applications. Examples of battery and sensing film logic applications can include determining temperature and reducing battery charging, inhibiting charging, or reducing the current drawn from the battery.

[0079] With respect to distributed data processing, a single OTDR acquisition 806 can be performed with corresponding OTDR analysis 808 and temperature analysis 810. Alternatively, multiple OTDR acquisitions can be performed for a single OTDR analysis 808, and temperature analysis 810 can be performed on all of the multiple OTDR acquisitions. In this manner, processing resources can be conserved relative to multiple OTDR acquisitions. For example, OTDR analysis 808 and temperature analysis 810 can be performed on multiple OTDR acquisitions, including a specified number of acquisitions or multiple acquisitions performed within a specified time interval, to determine trends associated with the OTDR acquisitions.

[0080] Separating OTDR acquisition 806 from OTDR analysis 808 and temperature analysis 810 can increase the safety of thermal event monitoring associated with the battery pack 104. For example, in the event that one or more acquisition features of the monitoring system 100 are damaged, the monitoring data analyzer 154 can still continue to process the monitoring data 156 collected by the monitoring data collector 152.

[0081] Separating OTDR acquisition 806 from OTDR analysis 808 and temperature analysis 810 enables the collection of monitoring data 156 from multiple vehicles. For example, monitoring data 156 can be collected from several vehicles for performance analysis to determine trends, anomalies, etc. associated with the operation of the battery pack 104. In this regard, if the status of the battery pack 104 on a particular vehicle indicates a potential anomaly due to a particular event, notification of such an event can be relayed to other vehicles to prevent the anomaly from occurring in other vehicles. Based on the separation of OTDR acquisition 806 from OTDR analysis 808, the separation can reduce the analysis load from the vehicles and thus lead to faster data analysis. Remote analysis equipment used for OTDR analysis 808 can also utilize solutions such as the VIAVI NITRO BI solution to analyze large data sets to reveal trends.

[0082] The monitoring data analyzer 154 may process the monitoring data 156 collected by the monitoring data collector 152 to generate a device thermal model 158. The device thermal model 158 may be generated based on various parameters, such as internal / external temperature, vehicle and / or battery size, vehicle and / or battery type, vehicle speed, vehicle acceleration, altitude, vehicle and / or battery age, etc. The device thermal model 158 may be implemented based on machine learning (ML), artificial intelligence (AI), and other such technologies to generate a comprehensive model associated with the device 160 (e.g., the battery pack 104). In this regard, the monitoring data 156 may be used to continuously update the device thermal model 158 and utilize the device thermal model 158 to predict trends and anomalies associated with the device 160. Furthermore, the separation of the monitoring data collector 152 and the monitoring data analyzer 154 and the implementation of the monitoring data analyzer 154 outside the vehicle may enable the utilization of virtually unlimited processing resources compared to the processing resources provided on the vehicle.

[0083] The monitoring data collector 152 can communicate with the monitoring data analyzer 154, and vice versa, for example, using Wi-Fi, Long Term Evolution (LTE), Cellular Universal, and other such protocols. The type of communication interface can be selected based on cost tradeoffs relative to range and bandwidth requirements.

[0084] If an anomaly (e.g., high temperature, battery degradation, etc.) is detected, the monitoring data analyzer 154 can communicate the operational status 164 of the battery pack 104 to the monitoring data collector 152 or another system of the vehicle 150. For example, the operational status 164 of the battery pack 104 can be communicated to the monitoring data collector 152 or a central control unit of the vehicle 150. In this regard, the monitoring data collector 152 or the central control unit can generate an audio, video, vibration, or another type of notification to alert a user of the vehicle 150 that maintenance or other activities need to be performed on the vehicle 150. The operational status 164 of the battery pack 104 can include various parameters such as remaining battery life, battery temperature, battery operating status, etc. The operational status 164 of the battery pack 104 can be determined, for example, by utilizing AI and ML algorithms to correlate monitoring data 156 from multiple vehicles to determine trends that can be used to determine values related to the aforementioned parameters. For example, a status for the battery pack 104 to generate an alert / notification can be determined based on a temperature threshold for the battery pack 104, and whether the battery pack 104 can still be used or use of the battery pack 104 needs to be modified based on the measured temperature based on the threshold. Since the measurements with the sensing film 102 are distributed, if the temperature is too high, only a portion of the battery pack 104 can need to adjust usage. For example, multiple thresholds can be specified to perform different adjustments to the battery pack 104 (e.g., threshold-1 < zone temperature < threshold-2, reduce battery pack usage for the corresponding zone by 10%, threshold-2 < zone temperature < threshold-3, reduce battery pack usage for the corresponding zone by 20% (where threshold-2 is greater than threshold-1), threshold-2 < zone temperature < threshold-3, shut down the corresponding zone of the battery pack (where threshold-3 is greater than threshold-2), etc.

[0085] The separation of the collection function implemented by the OTDR acquisition 806 and the analysis functions implemented by the OTDR analysis 808 and the temperature analysis 810 can be scaled as shown at 812, 814, 816, and 818. In this regard, the scaling can be implemented in a fixed or variable manner (e.g., variable). For example, at 812, all of the analysis can be performed in the cloud, while at 814, 816, and 818, the analysis in the cloud can be reduced to 80%, 50%, and 25%, respectively, with the remaining analysis performed using processors available on the vehicle 150 or through another field programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0086] Separating the collection function performed by OTDR acquisition 806 and the analysis functions performed by OTDR analysis 808 and temperature analysis 810 can be used to combine other types of analysis related to the vehicle 150. For example, monitoring data 156 related to the battery pack 104 and other types of monitoring data associated with other systems and / or components of the vehicle 150 can be combined for analysis by the monitoring data analyzer 154. In this regard, the monitoring data analyzer 154 can analyze monitoring data related to, for example, vehicle speed, vehicle and / or battery temperature, time, pressure, altitude, etc. from several vehicle systems and / or components to analyze all vehicle systems and / or components. Therefore, the results generated by the monitoring data analyzer 154 can be applied to various other systems and / or components of the vehicle 150.

[0087] Regarding factors to consider when using FPGAs versus the cloud, for data that requires all-vehicle processing, including data on sample collection time and / or collection speed risk, such processing can utilize FPGAs. Other types of analysis that may require higher processing power can be performed in the cloud.

[0088] With respect to the collection function implemented by OTDR acquisition 806 (e.g., monitoring data collector 152), battery pack monitoring data 156, such as thermal, pressure, current, charge status, etc., can be analyzed with respect to the analysis functions implemented by OTDR analysis 808 and temperature analysis 810 (e.g., monitoring data analyzer 154).

[0089] Figure 9 According to examples of the present disclosure, decomposed hardware considerations for illustrating the operation of the monitoring system 100 are described.

[0090] refer to Figure 9 Regarding the collection functions performed by OTDR acquisition 806 (e.g., monitoring data collector 152), monitoring data collector 152 can be implemented using the various hardware components shown. For example, for the hardware component at 900, a specific calibration can be performed for each product. For the hardware component at 902, considerations can include serial data rate, number of pins, etc. For the hardware component at 904, considerations can include whether the signal is fast or weak and the associated sampling resolution. For the hardware component at 906, considerations can include whether the signal is fast or weak, etc.

[0091] Figure 10 According to examples of the present disclosure, the separation of data collection and data analysis is described to illustrate the operation of the monitoring system 100 .

[0092] refer to Figure 10, with respect to the separation of the collection function performed by OTDR acquisition 806 (e.g., monitoring data collector 152) and the analysis function performed by OTDR analysis 808 and temperature analysis 810 (e.g., monitoring data analyzer 154), these functions may be separated as shown at 1000, 1002, or 1004. The separations at 1000, 1002, and 1004 may represent a relatively low level of separation, a relatively medium level of separation, and a relatively high level of separation, respectively, where the collection function may be performed by Figure 10 The components above the horizontal lines at 1000, 1002, and 1004 in the orientation of FIG, while the analysis functions can be performed by the components below the horizontal lines at 1000, 1002, and 1004. For example, the separation at 1000 can separate the collection functions with respect to DTS temperature measurements. The separation at 1002 can separate the collection functions with respect to DTS temperature measurements and OTDR measurements. In addition, the separation at 1004 can separate the collection functions with respect to DTS temperature measurements, OTDR measurements, and Figure 10 The other components shown in are used to separate the collection functions.

[0093] Figure 11 A software separation architecture is shown for illustrating the operation of the monitoring system 100 according to an example of the present disclosure.

[0094] refer to Figure 11 According to another example, with respect to separating the collection functions performed by OTDR acquisition 806 (e.g., monitoring data collector 152) and the analysis functions performed by OTDR analysis 808 and temperature analysis 810 (e.g., monitoring data analyzer 154), these functions may be separated as shown at 1100, with different implementation options listed in columns 1102, 1104, and 1106. For example, the option at 1102 may separate the collection functions with respect to DTS temperature measurement. The option at 1104 may separate the collection functions with respect to DTS temperature measurement and OTDR measurement. Furthermore, the option at 1106 may separate the collection functions with respect to DTS temperature measurement, OTDR measurement, and Figure 11 The collection functionality is separated from the other components shown. With respect to the separation at 1102, 1104, and 1106, by separating the software into various components, the software can be executed on separate modules or processing subsystems. This capability can minimize the processing power required for each software module. It also allows the software modules to be moved to various hardware that may not be directly tied to the physical hardware in the vehicle.

[0095] According to the example, Figure 12-14 An example block diagram 1200, a flow chart of an example method 1300, and another example block diagram 1400 of device monitoring based on data collection and analysis are respectively shown. By way of example and not limitation, the block diagram 1200, the method 1300, and the block diagram 1400 may be referenced above. Figure 1A and1B The described system 100. The block diagram 1200, the method 1300, and the block diagram 1400 can be implemented in other systems. In addition to showing the block diagram 1200, Figure 12 The hardware of the system 100 that can execute the instructions of the block diagram 1200 is also shown. The hardware can include a processor 1202 and a memory 1204 that stores machine-readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the instructions of the block diagram 1200. The memory 1204 can be representative of a non-transitory computer-readable medium. Figure 13 An example method for device monitoring based on data collection and analysis can be represented, as well as the steps of the method. Figure 14 A non-transitory computer-readable medium 1402 having machine-readable instructions stored thereon can be representative of providing device monitoring based on data collection and analysis according to examples. When executed, the machine-readable instructions cause a processor 1404 to perform the instructions of the block diagram 1400 also shown in Figure 14

[0096] Figure 12 The processor 1202 of the system 100 and / or the processor 1404 of the system 1400 can include a single or multiple processors or other hardware processing circuitry to execute the methods, functions, and other processes described herein. These methods, functions, and other processes can be implemented as machine-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium (e.g., the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1204 of the system 100 and / or the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1402 of the system 1400) such as a hardware storage device (e.g., RAM (random access memory), ROM (read only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable ROM), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable ROM), hard drives, and flash memory). The memory 1204 can include RAM in which the machine-readable instructions and data for the processor can reside during runtime. Figure 14 The processor 1202 of the system 100 and / or the processor 1404 of the system 1400 can include a single or multiple processors or other hardware processing circuitry to execute the methods, functions, and other processes described herein. These methods, functions, and other processes can be implemented as machine-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium (e.g., the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1204 of the system 100 and / or the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1402 of the system 1400) such as a hardware storage device (e.g., RAM (random access memory), ROM (read only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable ROM), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable ROM), hard drives, and flash memory). The memory 1204 can include RAM in which the machine-readable instructions and data for the processor can reside during runtime. Figure 14 The processor 1202 of the system 100 and / or the processor 1404 of the system 1400 can include a single or multiple processors or other hardware processing circuitry to execute the methods, functions, and other processes described herein. These methods, functions, and other processes can be implemented as machine-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium (e.g., the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1204 of the system 100 and / or the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1402 of the system 1400) such as a hardware storage device (e.g., RAM (random access memory), ROM (read only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable ROM), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable ROM), hard drives, and flash memory). The memory 1204 can include RAM in which the machine-readable instructions and data for the processor can reside during runtime.

[0097] With reference to the block diagram 1200 shown in Figures 1A-12 , and in particular the block diagram 1200, the memory 1204 can include instructions 1206 to obtain monitoring data 156 related to device 160 thermal property monitoring from an optical fiber of the sensing film 102 used to monitor a thermal property of the device 160. Figure 12 The processor 1202 can fetch, decode, and execute instructions 1208 to forward the monitoring data 156 to a monitoring data analyzer 154 that is remote from the monitoring data collector 152.

[0098]

[0099] ​​Processor 1202 may fetch, decode, and execute instructions 1210 to receive an indication of an operational status of device 160 from monitoring data analyzer 154 and based on analysis of monitoring data 156 by monitoring data analyzer 154 .

[0100] Processor 1202 may fetch, decode, and execute instructions 1212 to control the operation of device 160 based on the indication of the operating state of device 160 .

[0101] refer to Figure 1A-11 and Figure 13 ,in particular Figure 13 , for method 1300 , at block 1302 , the method may include receiving monitoring data 156 related to monitoring thermal characteristics of the device 160 from a remotely located monitoring data collector 152 , the monitoring data collector 152 obtaining the monitoring data 156 from an optical fiber of a sensing film 102 for monitoring thermal characteristics of the device 160 .

[0102] At block 1304 , the method may include forwarding an indication 164 of an operational status of the device 160 based on the analysis of the monitoring data 156 to the monitoring data collector 152 .

[0103] refer to Figure 1A-12 and Figure 14 , especially Figure 14 , for block diagram 1400, the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1402 may include instructions 1406 to obtain monitoring data 156 related to monitoring of at least one of the thermal characteristics or mechanical characteristics of the device 160 from the optical fiber of the sensing film 102 for monitoring at least one of the thermal characteristics or mechanical characteristics of the device 160.

[0104] Processor 1404 may fetch, decode, and execute instructions 1408 to forward monitoring data 156 to a remotely located monitoring data analyzer 154 .

[0105] Processor 1404 may fetch, decode, and execute instructions 1410 to receive an indication 164 of an operational state of device 160 from monitoring data analyzer 154 based on analysis of monitoring data 156 by monitoring data analyzer 154 .

[0106] Processor 1404 may fetch, decode, and execute instructions 1412 to control the operation of device 160 based on indication 164 of the operating state of device 160 .

[0107] What is described and illustrated herein are examples and some variations thereof. The terms, descriptions, and figures used herein are set forth by way of illustration only and are not meant to be limiting. Many variations are possible within the spirit and scope of the present subject matter, which is intended to be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents, in which all terms are intended to be given their broadest reasonable meanings unless otherwise indicated.

Claims

1. An equipment monitoring system based on data collection and analysis, comprising: Battery packs for vehicles; A fiber-optic based sensing film comprising an optical fiber integrated in an adhesive matrix, wherein The optical fiber-based sensing film is disposed on a surface of the battery pack to monitor thermal characteristics of the battery pack; at least one hardware processor; A monitoring data collector executed by the at least one hardware processor to obtaining monitoring data associated with monitoring a thermal characteristic of the battery pack, wherein the monitoring data is obtained by causing an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to inject a series of light pulses into the optical fiber of the fiber-based sensing film and extracting light scattered or reflected from the optical fiber, and the scattered or reflected light is used to determine a temperature associated with the optical fiber, the temperature corresponding to the thermal characteristic of the battery pack, forwarding the monitoring data to a monitoring data analyzer located at a remote location remote from the monitoring data collector, wherein analysis of the monitoring data performed by the monitoring data analyzer at the remote location and analysis of the monitoring data performed by a processor available on the vehicle are ratioed in a fixed or variable manner and not all analysis is performed by the monitoring data analyzer at the remote location to determine an operating state of the battery pack, and receiving, from the monitoring data analyzer and based on the analysis of the monitoring data by the monitoring data analyzer, an indication of the operating status of the battery pack; and A device controller executed by the at least one hardware processor to Operation of the battery pack is controlled based on the indication of the operating status of the battery pack.

2. The equipment monitoring system based on data collection and analysis according to claim 1, wherein: The battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells.

3. The equipment monitoring system based on data collection and analysis according to claim 1, wherein: The monitoring data analyzer is implemented in the cloud.

4. The equipment monitoring system based on data collection and analysis according to claim 1, wherein: The fiber-optic-based sensing film includes a generally planar configuration.

5. The equipment monitoring system based on data collection and analysis according to claim 1, wherein: The device controller is executed by the at least one hardware processor to control the operation of the battery pack based on the indication of the operating state of the battery pack by: Based on the indication of the operating state of the battery pack, operation of the battery pack is controlled to cut off at least one of electrical current to or from the battery pack.

6. The equipment monitoring system based on data collection and analysis according to claim 1, wherein: The device controller is executed by the at least one hardware processor to control the operation of the battery pack based on the indication of the operating state of the battery pack by: Based on the indication of the operating status of the battery pack, a notification associated with the operating status of the battery pack is generated.

7. The device monitoring system based on data collection and analysis according to claim 1 , wherein the monitoring data collector is executed by the at least one hardware processor to forward the monitoring data to the monitoring data analyzer remote from the monitoring data collector in the following manner: The monitoring data is forwarded to the monitoring data analyzer remote from the monitoring data collector via a Wi-Fi signal.

8. The device monitoring system based on data collection and analysis according to claim 1 , wherein the monitoring data collector is executed by the at least one hardware processor to forward the monitoring data to the monitoring data analyzer remote from the monitoring data collector in the following manner: The monitoring data is forwarded via a cellular signal to the monitoring data analyzer remote from the monitoring data collector.

9. A method for equipment monitoring based on data collection and analysis, the method comprising: obtaining, by at least one hardware processor, monitoring data associated with monitoring of a thermal characteristic of a battery pack from an optical fiber of a fiber-optic-based sensing film for monitoring a thermal characteristic of a battery pack of a vehicle, wherein The fiber-based sensing film is disposed on a surface of the battery pack and includes an optical fiber integrated in an adhesive substrate, and wherein obtaining the monitoring data includes causing an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to inject a series of light pulses into the optical fiber and extract light scattered or reflected from the optical fiber, and using the scattered or reflected light to determine a temperature associated with the optical fiber, the temperature corresponding to a thermal characteristic of the battery pack; forwarding the monitoring data by the at least one hardware processor to a monitoring data analyzer located at a remote location away from the vehicle, wherein analysis of the monitoring data performed by the monitoring data analyzer at the remote location and analysis of the monitoring data performed by a processor available on the vehicle are ratioed in a fixed or variable manner and not all analysis is performed by the monitoring data analyzer at the remote location to determine an operating state of the battery pack, receiving, by the at least one hardware processor, from the monitoring data analyzer and based on the analysis of the monitoring data by the monitoring data analyzer, an indication of the operating status of the battery pack; and Operation of the battery pack is controlled based on the indication of the operating status of the battery pack.

10. The method for equipment monitoring based on data collection and analysis according to claim 9, wherein: The battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells. 11 . The method for equipment monitoring based on data collection and analysis according to claim 9 , wherein the monitoring data analyzer is implemented in the cloud.

12. The method for device monitoring based on data collection and analysis according to claim 9, wherein forwarding the monitoring data to the monitoring data analyzer by the at least one hardware processor comprises: The monitoring data is forwarded by the at least one hardware processor to the monitoring data analyzer via a Wi-Fi signal.

13. The method for device monitoring based on data collection and analysis according to claim 9, wherein forwarding the monitoring data to the monitoring data analyzer by the at least one hardware processor comprises: The monitoring data is forwarded by the at least one hardware processor to the monitoring data analyzer via a cellular signal.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having machine-readable instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by at least one hardware processor, cause the at least one hardware processor to: monitoring data associated with monitoring of a thermal characteristic of a battery pack of a vehicle is obtained from an optical fiber of a fiber-optic-based sensing film for monitoring at least one of the thermal characteristics of the battery pack, wherein The fiber-based sensing film is disposed on a surface of the battery pack and includes an optical fiber integrated in an adhesive substrate, and wherein obtaining the monitoring data includes causing an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to inject a series of light pulses into the optical fiber and extract light scattered or reflected from the optical fiber, and using the scattered or reflected light to determine a temperature associated with the optical fiber, the temperature corresponding to a thermal characteristic of the battery pack; forwarding the monitoring data to a monitoring data analyzer at a remote location away from the vehicle, wherein analysis of the monitoring data performed by the monitoring data analyzer at the remote location and analysis of the monitoring data performed by a processor available on the vehicle are ratioed in a fixed or variable manner and less than all analysis is performed by the monitoring data analyzer at the remote location to determine an operating state of the battery pack; receiving, from the monitoring data analyzer, an indication of the operating status of the battery pack based on the analysis of the monitoring data by the monitoring data analyzer; and Operation of the battery pack is controlled based on the indication of the operating status of the battery pack.

15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein: The battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells.

16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein the monitoring data analyzer is implemented in the cloud.

17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein: The fiber-optic-based sensing film includes a generally planar configuration.

18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein: The machine-readable instructions to control operation of the battery pack based on an indication of an operational state of the battery pack, when executed by the at least one hardware processor, further cause the at least one hardware processor to: Based on the indication of the operating state of the battery pack, operation of the battery pack is controlled to cut off at least one of electrical current to or from the battery pack.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein: The machine-readable instructions to control operation of the battery pack based on an indication of an operational state of the battery pack, when executed by the at least one hardware processor, further cause the at least one hardware processor to: Based on the indication of the operating status of the battery pack, a notification associated with the operating status of the battery pack is generated.

20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein the machine-readable instructions for forwarding the monitoring data to the remotely located monitoring data analyzer, when executed by the at least one hardware processor, further cause the at least one hardware processor to: The data is forwarded to the monitoring data analyzer located remotely via Wi-Fi signals or cellular signals.

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