Method and device for detecting parallelism of vacuum layer in edge region of vacuum glass

Abstract

A method and apparatus for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of a vacuum glass. The method involves: acquiring and storing reference data of the vacuum glass under test; irradiating the vacuum glass from its inner side towards the outermost detectable edge position at a predetermined incident angle; acquiring reflected light spots from one reflected beam of the upper glass and one reflected light spot of the lower glass; extracting an image showing the positional relationship between the reflected light spots of the upper and lower glass and obtaining center-to-center distance data between these two reflected light spots; comparing the center-to-center distance data with the stored reference data to determine whether the vacuum layer of the vacuum glass is parallel at the outermost detectable edge position; when the comparison and determination result indicate that the vacuum layer is not parallel at the outermost detectable edge position, calculating relevant parameters reflecting the degree of non-parallelism at that position; and outputting the relevant parameters reflecting the degree of non-parallelism and the outermost detectable edge position information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method and apparatus for testing vacuum glass, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for testing the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum glass's excellent thermal insulation properties make it a superior energy-saving building material. The thermal insulation performance of vacuum glass doors and windows can be several times to more than ten times that of traditional double-glazed windows.

[0003] A typical structure of vacuum glass 10 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The upper glass A and the lower glass B are separated by a support 2 arranged in a square array with a thickness of 0.1–0.5 mm. The two glass panes are sealed together at their edges with a low-temperature solder sealing layer 3. One of the glass panes ( Figure 1 The lower glass (B) has a vacuum hole. After vacuum exhaust, the vacuum hole is sealed with a sealing sheet (4) and low-temperature solder to form a vacuum layer (5). To maintain the long-term stability of the vacuum level of the vacuum layer (5), a getter (6) is installed inside the vacuum layer.

[0004] refer to Figure 1 The vacuum layer 5 is formed by supporting and separating the upper glass A and the lower glass B using a square array of supports 2. Once the vacuum glass is completed, the physical structure of the vacuum layer 5 can no longer be changed. Under atmospheric pressure, the upper and lower flat glass A and B of the vacuum glass must withstand a pressure of more than ten tons per square meter.

[0005] Ideally, when the sealing layer 3 and the properly arranged high-quality supports 2 have the same thickness, and the upper glass A and lower glass B are of good quality, the vacuum layer 5, defined by the inner surfaces of the upper glass A and lower glass B, is essentially parallel. This ensures that the entire surface of the vacuum glass, including the edge areas, bears the enormous atmospheric pressure evenly, thus preventing the tensile stress on the entire vacuum glass panel from exceeding the limit. However, since the flat glass A and B are not truly rigid bodies, and during the manufacturing process, there may be missing supports (i.e., missing, absent, or overlapping supports 2) or thickness differences between the sealing layer 3 and supports 2 at the edge areas, the vacuum layer 5 of the vacuum glass may become non-parallel or asymmetrical. Atmospheric pressure will then generate unbalanced stress in these areas, causing excessive tensile stress in localized areas of the vacuum glass. This excessive tensile stress is most likely to occur at the edge areas of the vacuum glass, and the thickness difference between the sealing layer 3 and supports 2 is the main reason for the non-parallelism of the vacuum layer and the main reason for excessive tensile stress near the edge of the vacuum glass.

[0006] In this application, the region from the inner edge of the sealing layer 3 to the first support 2 of the vacuum glass is defined as the edge region of the vacuum glass.

[0007] Figure 2 This illustration shows the non-parallel deformation of the vacuum layer 5 in the edge region D of the vacuum glass caused by the thickness difference between the sealing layer 3 and the support 2. In the non-edge region on the right, the vacuum layer has a parallel thickness h0 that is the same as the thickness of the support 2. However, in the left edge region D, because the thickness of the sealing layer 3 exceeds the thickness of the support 2, the vacuum layer 5 in this region exhibits an approximately "wedge-shaped" cross-sectional deformation, with the vacuum layer thickness h being higher on the left and lower on the right. This deformation causes the inner surfaces of the upper glass A and the lower glass B of the vacuum glass, i.e., the two opposing surfaces forming the vacuum layer 5, to no longer be parallel but form an angle. This results in the outer surfaces of the two glass sheets at the inner edge of the sealing layer 3, i.e. Figure 2 The shaded area (8) indicates a tensile stress accumulation zone, meaning the tensile stress exceeds the standard. This excessive tensile stress can lead to two possible consequences: either the tensile stress in the edge region of the manufactured vacuum glass has reached its breakage threshold, causing it to shatter directly; or, although the tensile stress in the edge region of the manufactured vacuum glass has not yet reached the breakage threshold, the presence of excessive tensile stress in this area makes the vacuum glass less adaptable to the usage environment. If external stresses applied in the usage environment combine with the existing excessive tensile stress, it can easily cause the vacuum glass to crack along its edge. Therefore, whether the tensile stress in the edge region of the manufactured vacuum glass exceeds the standard is a primary concern in vacuum glass quality inspection.

[0008] Due to the complexity of the materials and manufacturing process used in vacuum glass production, there is currently no direct method or device for detecting excessive tensile stress in the edge areas of vacuum glass. However, since excessive tensile stress in the edge areas is closely related to the parallelism of the vacuum layer in these areas, detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge areas becomes an important means of detecting whether excessive tensile stress exists in these areas. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to provide a method and device for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass. By detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass, the existence and extent of possible local tensile stress exceeding the standard in this region can be detected.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of a vacuum glass is provided, comprising the steps of:

[0011] Acquire and store the reference data of the vacuum glass (10) under test;

[0012] A laser beam (L) is irradiated from the inside of the vacuum glass (10) to the outermost detectable position at a predetermined incident angle (α);

[0013] Obtain the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) of the vacuum glass (10);

[0014] Extract the positional relationship image between the reflected light points of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light points of the lower glass (B) and obtain the center-to-center distance data of the two reflected light points;

[0015] The center-to-center spacing data is compared with the stored reference data, and it is determined whether the vacuum layer of the vacuum glass (10) at the outermost detectable position is parallel.

[0016] When the comparison and determination result indicates that the vacuum layer at the outermost detectable position is not parallel, relevant parameters reflecting the degree of non-parallelism at that outermost detectable position are calculated; and...

[0017] Output the relevant parameters of the degree of non-parallelism and the detectable position information of the outermost edge.

[0018] In the first preferred embodiment of the above-described preferred method, the step of acquiring and storing the reference data of the vacuum glass (10) under test includes:

[0019] A laser beam (L) is irradiated at a detectable position in a non-edge region at a predetermined incident angle (α);

[0020] Obtain the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) of the vacuum glass (10);

[0021] Extract the positional relationship image between the reflected light spots of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spots of the lower glass (B) and obtain the center-to-center distance data of these two reflected light spots; and,

[0022] The center-to-center distance data of the two reflected light points is stored as reference data.

[0023] According to the above embodiments of the present invention, the relevant parameters for the degree of non-parallelism include:

[0024] The difference or ratio between the center spacing obtained at the outermost detectable position and the reference data.

[0025] In a second preferred embodiment of the above-described preferred method, the step of acquiring and storing the reference data of the vacuum glass (10) under test includes:

[0026] The vacuum layer thickness at the outermost detectable position is set to multiple simulated vacuum layer thicknesses (h1) ranging from the parallel thickness (h0) to the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness.

[0027] For each of the simulated vacuum layer thicknesses (h1), a laser beam (L) is irradiated from the inside of the vacuum glass under test toward the outermost detectable position at an incident angle (α);

[0028] Obtain the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) corresponding to each of the simulated vacuum layer thicknesses (h1);

[0029] Extract the positional relationship image between the reflected light point of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light point of the lower glass (B) corresponding to each simulated vacuum layer thickness (h1) and obtain the simulated center distance data of the two reflected light points;

[0030] Measure the simulated vacuum layer angle (2β1) corresponding to each of the simulated vacuum layer thicknesses (h1); and,

[0031] The data of multiple simulated center-to-center distances and multiple simulated vacuum layer angles (2β1) corresponding one-to-one with the thickness (h1) of the multiple simulated vacuum layers are stored as reference data.

[0032] According to the above embodiments of the present invention, the relevant parameters for the degree of non-parallelism include at least one of the following:

[0033] The difference or ratio between the center-to-center distance data obtained at the outermost detectable position and the maximum simulated center-to-center distance data in the stored reference data;

[0034] The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer thickness value (h1) corresponding to the simulated center spacing data obtained at the outermost detectable position in the stored reference data and the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness;

[0035] The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer angle (2β1) corresponding to the simulated center-to-center spacing data obtained at the outermost detectable position in the stored reference data and the maximum simulated vacuum angle in the stored reference data. In a preferred embodiment of the method described above according to the present invention:

[0036] The light beam reflected by the upper glass (A) and the corresponding reflected light spot include:

[0037] The reflected light beam generated on its inner surface (R) A ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) A );

[0038] The reflected light beam generated by its outer surface (R) a ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) a);and,

[0039] The light beam reflected by the lower glass (B) and the corresponding reflected light spot include:

[0040] The reflected light beam generated on its inner surface (R) B ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) B );

[0041] The reflected light beam generated by its outer surface (R) b ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) b ).

[0042] According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of a vacuum glass is provided, comprising:

[0043] Storage device (ROM) stores reference data of the vacuum glass (10) under test.

[0044] A laser beam generator (201) irradiates a laser beam (L) from the inside of the vacuum glass (10) to the outermost detectable position at a predetermined incident angle (α);

[0045] The reflected beam receiving device (202) acquires the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) of the vacuum glass (10).

[0046] The image extraction device (203) extracts the positional relationship image between the reflected light points of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light points of the lower glass (B) and obtains the center distance data of the two reflected light points;

[0047] The comparison / determination device (204) compares the center-to-center distance data with stored reference data and determines whether the vacuum glass (10) is parallel at the outermost detectable position;

[0048] The computing device (205) calculates relevant parameters reflecting the degree of non-parallelism at the outermost detectable position when the comparison and determination result indicates that the vacuum layer at the outermost detectable position is not parallel; and,

[0049] The output device (206) outputs the relevant parameters of the degree of non-parallelism and the detectable position information of the outermost edge.

[0050] In a first preferred embodiment of the above-described device technical solution according to the present invention, wherein:

[0051] The reference data mentioned above is the reference data obtained according to the first embodiment of the preferred method technical solution described above: and,

[0052] The relevant parameters for the degree of non-parallelism include:

[0053] The difference between the center distance obtained at the outermost detectable position and the reference data.

[0054] In a second preferred embodiment of the above-described apparatus technical solution according to the present invention, wherein:

[0055] The reference data mentioned above is the reference data obtained according to the second embodiment of the preferred method technical solution described above: and,

[0056] The relevant parameters for the degree of non-parallelism include at least one of the following:

[0057] The difference or ratio between the center-to-center distance data obtained at the outermost detectable position and the maximum simulated center-to-center distance data in the stored reference data;

[0058] The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer thickness value (h1) corresponding to the simulated center spacing data obtained at the outermost detectable position in the stored reference data and the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness;

[0059] The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer angle (2β1) corresponding to the simulated center-to-center spacing data obtained at the outermost detectable position in the stored reference data and the maximum simulated vacuum angle in the stored reference data. In the preferred embodiment of the device according to the present invention, wherein:

[0060] The light beam reflected by the upper glass (A) and the corresponding reflected light spot include:

[0061] The reflected light beam generated on its inner surface (R) A ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) A );

[0062] The reflected light beam generated by its outer surface (R) a ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) a );and,

[0063] The light beam reflected by the lower glass (B) and the corresponding reflected light spot include:

[0064] The reflected light beam generated on its inner surface (R) B ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) B );

[0065] The reflected light beam generated by its outer surface (R) b ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) b ).

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the method and apparatus described above according to the present invention, the predetermined incident angle (α) is in the range of 45°±5°, and the laser beam is a laser beam with a wavelength in the range of 650-750nm.

[0067] By detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of the vacuum glass, the method and apparatus of the present invention can efficiently and accurately detect whether the vacuum layer in the edge region is parallel, and can further determine the location and degree of non-parallelism, thereby serving as a judgment that tensile stress may exceed the standard. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a typical vacuum glass structure;

[0069] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the non-parallel deformation of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass;

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the incident and reflected light paths and the resulting reflected light spot imaging when a laser beam irradiates the parallel vacuum layer of a vacuum glass.

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the incident and reflected light paths and the resulting reflected light spots when a laser beam irradiates a non-parallel vacuum layer of vacuum glass.

[0072] Figure 5 Yes Figure 3 and Figure 4 The schematic diagram shown provides a further comparative explanation of the imaging results in order to more clearly illustrate the principles of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the detection method according to the present invention;

[0074] Figure 7 This is a block diagram of an embodiment of a detection apparatus for implementing the detection method of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a specific detection system including the detection device of the present invention.

[0076] For the purpose of clarity and ease of understanding, some parts in the accompanying drawings have been schematically enlarged or proportionally changed as needed. However, in all the accompanying drawings, text descriptions, and tables used, the same symbols represent the same parts and functions, and the omission of symbols in specific drawings does not mean that they are actually missing. Rather, they need to be accurately understood and defined in conjunction with the specific description. Detailed Implementation

[0077] Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0078] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the optical path of the incident and reflected light when a laser beam irradiates the parallel vacuum layer of a vacuum glass, and the resulting image of the reflected light spot. It shows that the vacuum layer between the upper glass A and the lower glass B has a parallel thickness h0. The laser beam L irradiates the outer surface of the upper glass A at an incident angle α. A laser beam receiving screen (or simply display screen) 7 is positioned at a distance H from the upper glass A. This laser beam receiving screen 7 can be made of a light-transmitting material that clearly reflects the light spot of the incident light from the back (e.g., a high-sensitivity silver halide film used in medical X-ray films that forms a deep black color after full exposure).

[0079] Specifically, see Figure 3 The laser beam L is incident at an angle α on the outer surface of the upper glass A of the vacuum glass, and then directly generates the first reflected light R at a reflection angle α. a The reflected light R is received on the laser beam receiving screen 7. a The reflected light spot S a .

[0080] A light beam entering the interior of the upper glass pane A from its outer surface is refracted and reflected again by the inner surface of the upper glass pane A, then exits the outer surface of the upper glass pane A at a reflection angle α, forming a second reflected light beam R. A The reflected light R is received on the laser beam receiving screen 7. A The reflected light spot S A .

[0081] Simultaneously, a portion of the laser beam L passes through the inner surface of the upper glass A and, through a parallel vacuum layer of thickness h0, is incident at an angle α onto the inner surface of the lower glass B of the vacuum glass. A portion of this light is directly reflected by the inner surface of the lower glass B at a reflection angle α, generating a third reflected light R. B The light beam passes through the inner surface of the upper glass A and is refracted before exiting from the outer surface of the upper glass A at a reflection angle α. The reflected light R is received on the laser beam receiving screen 7. B The reflected light spot S B .

[0082] A light beam entering the lower glass pane B from its inner surface is refracted and then reflected again by the outer surface of the lower glass pane B. It then leaves the inner surface of the lower glass pane B at a reflection angle α, passes through a parallel vacuum layer of thickness h0, and re-enters the inner surface of the upper glass pane A. After refraction by the upper glass pane A, it forms a fourth reflected light beam R from the outer surface of the upper glass pane at a reflection angle α. b The reflected light R is received on the laser beam receiving screen 7.b The reflected light spot S b .

[0083] As described above, when the incident angle α (e.g., α = 45° ± 5°) and the distance H of the laser beam receiving screen 7 are appropriately set in accordance with the parallel thickness h0 of the vacuum layer, four reflected light spots (S) formed by the four reflected beams respectively reflected by the inner and outer surfaces of the upper glass A and the lower glass B of the vacuum glass can be clearly received on the laser beam receiving screen 7 at the corresponding positions in the light emission direction of the reflected light from the upper glass A of the vacuum glass. a S A S B S b Images, such as Figure 3 The laser beam receiving screen shown in the dashed box, when using an incident laser beam L of a suitable wavelength (e.g., a laser beam with a wavelength of 650-750nm and a spot diameter of 0.9mm generated by a small semiconductor laser generator), will display four reflected light spots (S) on the laser beam receiving screen 7, provided the light intensity is not less than 1 Lux. a S A S B S b There is almost no noticeable difference in brightness.

[0084] What needs attention is light spot S. a and S B Distance D between aB Spot S a and S b Distance D between ab Spot S A and S B Distance D between AB and S A and S b Distance D between Ab These four distances share a common characteristic: they are the distances between the light spots generated by the reflection of light from the inner or outer surface of the upper glass pane A of the vacuum glass and the light spots generated by the reflection of light from the inner or outer surface of the lower glass pane B of the vacuum glass. From the above regarding... Figure 3 The analysis shows that these four distances are closely related to the thickness h0 of the vacuum layer in the vacuum glass. That is, when the vacuum layer maintains a parallel thickness h0, i.e., when the edges of the upper glass A and the lower glass B remain parallel, the aforementioned four distances D... aB D ab D AB and D Ab Then nothing will change.

[0085] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the incident and reflected light paths and the resulting reflected light spot imaging when a laser beam L irradiates a non-parallel vacuum layer of vacuum glass. Figure 4 The parameters of the vacuum glass in the middle and Figure 3 The vacuum glass in the two layers has exactly the same parameters, and the incident angle α of the laser beam L and the distance H between the display screen 7 and the outer surface of the upper glass A are also the same. Figure 3 The situation is the same. The difference is that, starting from a certain position, the upper glass A and the lower glass B are no longer parallel, but instead move away from each other along one direction at an angle of 2β, as shown in the example. Figure 4 As shown in the left side of the middle section, the upper glass A is tilted upwards while the lower glass B is tilted downwards.

[0086] See Figure 4 When a laser beam L is incident at an angle α onto a region of the vacuum layer of a vacuum glass that is not parallel, the incident angle of the laser beam L onto this region, relative to the upper glass A which is already tilted upwards at an angle β, has become α-β. (Refer to...) Figure 3 The geometrical optical refraction and reflection analysis shows that the beam R reflected from the outer surface of the upper glass A... a and the light beam R reflected from the inner surface of the upper glass A A The reflection angles also change accordingly to α-β, which will cause the reflected light spot S received by the display screen to... a and S A Compared to Figure 3 The situation shown has shifted to the right (i.e., the reflected light spot S). a and S A (Shift towards the side closer to the incident light).

[0087] On the other hand, the incident angle of the light beam passing through the vacuum layer and incident on the inner surface of the already "tilted" lower glass B is α+β, also according to the reference... Figure 3 The geometrical optical refraction and reflection analysis shows that the beam reflected by the inner surface of the lower glass B is beam R. B And another beam of light R, after refraction, is reflected by the outer surface of the lower glass B. b Ultimately, the reflection angle emitted from the outer surface of the upper glass has become α+3β, which will result in the reflected light spot S received by the display screen. b and S B Compared to Figure 3 The situation shown indicates a leftward shift (i.e., the reflected light spot S). b and S B (Shifting away from the side away from the incident light).

[0088] and Figure 3 Compared to the case of a parallel vacuum layer, Figure 4The thickness h of the non-parallel vacuum layer gradually increases from right to left. This non-parallelism of the vacuum layer causes the reflected light beam R to be generated by the outer and inner surfaces of the upper glass A. a and R A Reflected light spot S on display screen 7 a and S A The reflected light beam R from the outer and inner surfaces of the lower glass B b and R B Reflected light spot S on display screen 7 b and S B The distance between them increases, i.e., d aB >D aB d ab >D ab d AB >D AB d Ab >D Ab ,like Figure 4 The four reflected light spots (S) obtained on the laser beam receiving screen 7 are shown in the dashed box. a S A S B S b As shown in the image.

[0089] Figure 5 Through the Figure 3 and Figure 4 The imaging results shown are further compared to illustrate the principle of the parallelism detection technology for the edge region of vacuum glass in this invention. Figure 5 The right side corresponds Figure 3 As shown, when the laser beam L irradiates a non-edge region of the vacuum glass with a parallel thickness of h0 at an incident angle of, for example, α = 45°, an image P is obtained on a display screen 7 at a distance H from the outer surface of the upper glass A. This image P reflects the laser beam R reflected from the inner surface of the upper glass A of the vacuum glass. A Light spot S A And the laser beam R reflected from the inner surface of the lower glass B of the vacuum glass. B Light spot S B The positional relationship between them can be determined, and the light spot S can be determined through the analysis of image P. A and S B Center spacing D AB .

[0090] For a specific vacuum glass product or the same model / batch, if the laser beam L, incident angle α, and display screen distance H remain constant, then for vacuum glass with good parallelism of the vacuum layer at all locations (all vacuum layers are parallel with thickness h0), the light spot S obtained by analyzing the image P is... A and SB Center spacing D AB It remains unchanged. Therefore, considering the parallelism of the vacuum layer of a specific vacuum glass (including the same model / batch), the aforementioned light spot S obtained in the non-edge region is considered... A and S B Center spacing D AB Numerical values ​​(or several D values ​​obtained in non-edge regions) AB Using the average value as a measurement reference is feasible, as long as D is measured in the edge region of the vacuum glass being tested. AB If the value is the same as the reference data obtained in this way, or the difference between the two is less than a predetermined threshold, then the vacuum layer in this edge region can be considered to be parallel or substantially parallel.

[0091] The feasibility of this operation lies in the fact that, as is known to those skilled in the art, the problem of non-parallelism of the vacuum layer, which affects the quality of the vacuum glass, usually only occurs in the edge region. This is because non-parallelism in this area can directly cause the vacuum glass to shatter or make it prone to breakage during use. Numerically, the measured d... AB The absolute value of the difference between the numerical value and the baseline data obtained in the above manner is much larger than D measured under the condition of good vacuum layer parallelism in non-edge regions. AB The absolute value of the difference between the numerical value and the reference data. For information on the causes and detection methods of anomalies in vacuum structures in non-edge regions, please refer to Chinese Patent Application No. 202110065595.9, entitled "A method and apparatus for detecting the absence of a vacuum glass support".

[0092] Reference above Figure 5 The description uses the center-to-center distance D. AB In practice, the center spacing D can be selected according to the specific parameters of the vacuum glass being measured. aB D ab D Ab Or D AB Any one of these methods can be used to detect the parallelism of the vacuum layer in vacuum glass.

[0093] refer to Figure 5 The optical path diagram shown on the left can be used as a similar reference. Figure 4Analysis shows that, with the laser beam L incident at an angle α from the non-edge region to the edge region of the vacuum glass, from the point of incidence of the laser beam L into the edge region, the vacuum layer thickness h in this region gradually increases towards the edge due to the presence of a 2β angle between the vacuum layers. On the one hand, this reduces the incident angle of the laser beam L on the upper glass A in this region to α-β, thus reducing the exit angle of the reflected light from the upper glass A to α-β. On the other hand, it increases the exit angle of the reflected light from the lower glass B to α+3β, resulting in the light spot S on the display screen 7 caused by the reflected beam from the upper glass A... A The light spot S on the display screen 7 is a reflection of the light beam from the lower glass B. B The increased distance between them also makes the light spot S obtained from the resolution of the image P' on the display screen 7 more visible. A and S B center spacing d AB Greater than the center-to-center spacing D obtained when detecting parallel vacuum layers. AB .

[0094] Similar to determining the good parallelism of the vacuum layer, as long as d is measured in the edge region of the vacuum glass being tested... AB Numerical and Measurement Reference Data D AB If the absolute value of the difference is greater than a predetermined threshold, it can be considered that the vacuum layer in this edge region is not parallel, and thus it can be determined that there is a risk of excessive tensile stress in this edge region.

[0095] As previously referred to Figure 2 As described, the non-parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region D of the vacuum glass is caused by the thickness of the sealing layer 3 being greater than the thickness of the support 2. The 2β angle of the vacuum layer causes the thickness h of the vacuum layer in the entire edge region D to gradually increase in the direction near the edge, while the difference between the thickness h0 of the parallel vacuum layer in the non-edge region also becomes larger and larger, and the thickness of the vacuum layer reaches its maximum value at the inner edge of the sealing layer 3, that is, at the outermost detectable position.

[0096] Therefore, in Figure 5Starting from the first support 2 near the edge region and moving leftwards into the edge region D, the thickness h of the vacuum layer increases towards the outermost detectable position. The thickness of the inner edge of the sealing layer 3 defines the thickness of the vacuum layer at the outermost detectable position, and the thicknesses of the two are approximately equal. Therefore, the maximum vacuum layer thickness at this outermost detectable position determines another parameter reflecting the degree of non-parallelism of the vacuum layer: the vacuum layer angle 2β. It should be understood that since the upper glass A and the lower glass B are not rigid bodies, the upper and lower boundaries of the vacuum layer in this edge region are not straight lines but curves symmetrical about the bisector of the vacuum layer and with a large radius of curvature. However, due to the large curvature, the upper and lower boundaries of the vacuum layer in this edge region D can be approximated as straight lines, and the vacuum layer in this region can be considered as a wedge-shaped space with straight sides and an angle of 2β.

[0097] It can be further understood that if the incident laser beam L is directed to irradiate the edge region D of the vacuum glass at an incident angle α, starting from the first support 2 near the edge, the angle α will change as the incident position shifts to the left, and the corresponding position, for example, D, will change. AB The changes can clearly reveal the changes in the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region D, the starting position where the vacuum layer begins to become non-parallel, and the actual range where non-parallel vacuum layers exist in this region.

[0098] For example, in Figure 5 As the incident position of the laser beam L gradually shifts to the left in the left edge region D, the vacuum layer thickness h gradually increases, causing the reflected light R from the upper glass plate A to... A The light spot S on display screen 7 A The reflected light R from the lower glass B B The light spot S on display screen 7 B The center distance d between them AB Gradually increase the distance, and obtain the center spacing d at the outermost detectable position. AB The maximum value is also the location where the upper glass A and the lower glass B bear the maximum tensile stress, that is, the location 8 where tensile stress accumulates near the inner edge of the sealing layer 3.

[0099] refer to Figure 5 The given comparison method yields the simplest way for this invention to detect the parallelism of the vacuum layer: that is, under unchanged detection conditions, the center-to-center distance D corresponding to the parallel thickness h0 measured in the parallel region of the vacuum layer is compared. AB The data is used as reference data and stored in the detection device, and the center distance d measured at the outermost detectable position in the non-parallel region D is used as the reference data. AB Compared with the benchmark data D AB In comparison, when the absolute value of the difference between the two is greater than an allowed predetermined value δ (i.e., |d|), AB -D ABWhen |>δ), it can be determined that the vacuum layer in the edge region of the vacuum glass is not parallel.

[0100] In actual testing, the vacuum glass is subjected to atmospheric pressure on both sides and is affected by various factors such as the allowable tolerances of the flat glass parameters used, the thickness error and deformation of the support 2 under pressure, and dents on the glass surface caused by pressure, all of which can lead to deviations in the measured values. Therefore, the allowable measurement difference δ can be set according to the different types and uses of the vacuum glass product being tested. When d AB The measured value and the pre-stored reference value D AB When the absolute value of the difference between them is less than the predetermined allowable difference δ, that is, when |d AB -D AB If |≤δ, the vacuum layer in the edge region can be considered parallel or approximately parallel. The value of δ here can be determined by different manufacturers based on specific requirements for different products, but generally should not exceed 10% of the baseline data.

[0101] The simplified testing method described above is effective and feasible for testing any unknown type of vacuum glass product. The smaller the predetermined allowable difference δ is set, the more reliable the conclusion obtained regarding the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region. The reasonable determination of this predetermined allowable difference δ depends on the manufacturer's experience and the quality requirements of the product.

[0102] Refer again Figure 5 The present invention further provides a detection method and apparatus that, by conducting a preliminary simulation experiment on a vacuum glass with known specific parameters / models, obtains benchmark data for testing the finished vacuum glass of that model. This enables a quantitative detection result of the degree of non-parallelism that may exist in the vacuum layer at the edge region of the tested vacuum glass, thereby providing usable parameters that are most convenient for obtaining the tensile stress at the detectable position of the edge.

[0103] Specifically, the simulation experiment is conducted on a known model of vacuum glass product under non-vacuum conditions. By presetting the maximum edge tensile stress value it can withstand and correspondingly setting the thickness of the simulated sealing layer 3, the thickness h1 of the simulated vacuum layer in the non-parallel edge region D of the formed simulated vacuum layer reaches the upper limit value of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 corresponding to the preset maximum edge tensile stress value at the outermost detectable position. This outermost detectable position is the detectable position adjacent to the inner edge of the simulated sealing layer 3, that is, the position 8 where the tensile stress borne by the upper glass A and the lower glass B is concentrated.

[0104] Multiple factors influence the determination of the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 at the outermost detectable position. These factors include not only the atmospheric pressure that the corresponding finished vacuum glass must withstand, but also its usage environment, purpose, safety requirements, expected lifespan, manufacturing costs, and other considerations. However, once the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 is determined, the maximum tensile stress value that the corresponding finished vacuum glass is expected to withstand is also determined.

[0105] Therefore, based on the parameters of the materials actually used in the manufacture of vacuum glass, such as glass type and thickness, support material and thickness, sealing layer material and thickness / width, etc., it is feasible to conduct a simulation experiment by determining the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 at the outermost detectable position, and use the data on the existence and degree of non-parallel vacuum layers in the edge region as benchmark data to detect the excessive edge stress of the corresponding vacuum glass product.

[0106] Reference Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a non-parallel vacuum layer in the edge region. An example is provided of a simulation experiment on a known model of vacuum glass to obtain benchmark data for testing that model of vacuum glass. Wherein:

[0107] Parameters of simulated vacuum glass Upper glass A = Lower glass B: 5mm tempered glass; Support 2: 0.25mm thick stainless steel; Sealing layer 3: low melting point solder, 0.25mm thick; Distance of the inner edge of sealing layer 3 from the first support 2: 40mm.

[0108] Experimental environment / simulation conditions Incident laser beam L: 650nm; Incident angle: α = 45°; Incident position: outermost detectable position; Distance H between display screen 7 and upper glass A: 200mm; Simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 at the outermost detectable position: 21 simulated values ​​ranging from 0.25mm (h0) to 0.45mm in increments of 0.01mm; Simulated center-to-center distance of selected light spots: d AB1 or d Ab1 .

[0109] The relevant detection data in the edge region D of the simulation experiment under the above conditions are shown in Table 1.

[0110] Table 1 (Unit: mm)

[0111]

[0112] (Note: The refraction / reflection of the light beam in the glass conforms to the geometric optics theorem, and the difference in refractive index between air and vacuum is ignored. The refractive index of the glass is taken as 1.6. The calculation accuracy is two decimal places. The thickness of the sealing layer 3 is approximately equal to the thickness h1 of the simulated vacuum layer at the outermost detectable position.)

[0113] The following conclusions can be drawn from the measurement data in Table 1:

[0114] (1) When h1=h0=0.25mm, the simulated vacuum layer angle 2β1=0, that is: the center spacing d received on the display screen 7 at this time AB1 and d aB1 Equal to the reference data D obtained by measuring in the non-edge region with the vacuum layer in parallel state. AB and D aB ;

[0115] (2) When h1 = 0.45 mm, that is, when the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 at the outermost detectable position is the upper limit, the simulated vacuum layer angle 2β1 and the simulated center spacing d AB1 and d aB1 It has the maximum value that can be measured.

[0116] (3) As the thickness h1 of the simulated vacuum layer at the outermost detectable position gradually increases, the angle 2β1 of the simulated vacuum layer also gradually increases, and the center-to-center spacing d... AB1 and d Ab1 It increases step by step, and in an approximately linear relationship.

[0117] By compiling Table 1 for a known model of vacuum glass and using it as benchmark data to detect the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of the vacuum glass product of that model, the present invention has substantially provided a method for detecting excessive tensile stress at the edge of vacuum glass. That is, the method for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass can be implemented by using the measurement data in Table 1 as benchmark data. From the relevant parameters that reflect the degree of non-parallelism at the outermost detectable position, the conclusion of whether the edge stress of the vacuum glass exceeds the standard can be derived.

[0118] Specifically, assuming that the maximum value of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 at the outermost detectable position, as given in Table 1 for a specific model of vacuum glass (in the example above, the maximum value of h1 = 0.45 mm, and the corresponding maximum value of 2β1 = 0.29°), corresponds to the critical value that ensures the manufactured vacuum glass will not crack, the center-to-center distance d of the reflected light spots at the outermost detectable position of the actual finished vacuum glass is measured. AB (or d) aB Then, the distance d between the center of the reflected light spot obtained by the actual measurement can be obtained from the associated Table 1. AB (or d) aB Equal (or closest) simulated center spacing d AB1 (or d) aB1 The center spacing d in the simulation AB1 (or d) aB1The corresponding simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 can be regarded as the actual (or approximate) vacuum layer thickness h at the detectable edge of the measured vacuum glass. Then, the difference between the corresponding simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 and the maximum value of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 in the associated table 1 can be used to infer the additional stress that the edge can withstand; or the simulated center spacing d... AB1 (or d) aB1 The simulated vacuum layer angle 2β1 corresponding to the measured vacuum glass is regarded as the actual (or approximate) vacuum layer angle 2β at the detectable position at the outermost edge. Then, the stress that can be "additionally" borne at the edge can be inferred by the difference between the corresponding simulated vacuum layer angle 2β1 and the maximum value of the simulated vacuum layer angle 2β1 in the associated Table 1.

[0119] refer to Figure 6 The flowchart shown is a preferred embodiment of the detection method according to the present invention.

[0120] For vacuum glass of unknown product type and standard, the method of the present invention is performed in the first manner to achieve qualitative detection of whether the vacuum layer in the edge region of the vacuum glass under test is parallel.

[0121] In step 101, reference data of the vacuum glass under test is acquired and stored. Specifically, a laser beam L is irradiated at a predetermined incident angle α toward one (or more) detectable positions in the non-edge region, and the reflected light spots of one reflected beam from the upper glass A and one reflected light spot from the lower glass B are acquired. Subsequently, the positional relationship image between the reflected light spots of the upper glass A and the lower glass B is extracted, and the center-to-center distance data of these two reflected light spots (e.g., the center-to-center distance data D of the reflected light spots parallel to the vacuum layer) is obtained. AB The center-to-center distance data (or the average of the center-to-center distance data obtained from multiple detection locations) is stored as the baseline data.

[0122] In step 102, a laser beam L is directed from the non-edge region of the vacuum glass at a fixed angle α to the detectable edge of the vacuum glass. (Refer to...) Figure 5 According to the relevant description, if there is a situation in the edge region where the vacuum layer is not parallel due to the thickness of the sealing layer 3 being greater than the thickness of the support 2, then the thickness h of the vacuum layer at that location is the maximum value in the edge region, and may cause the tensile stress to exceed the standard at the tensile stress accumulation location 8.

[0123] In step 103, the reflected light spots formed by a beam of light reflected from the upper glass A and the reflected light spots formed by a beam of light reflected from the lower glass B are obtained. In fact, as shown in reference... Figure 3 As described, there is reflected light R from the inner and outer surfaces of the upper glass A. Aand R a The two corresponding reflected light spots S A and S a And reflected light R from the inner and outer surfaces of the lower glass B. B and R b The two corresponding reflected light spots S B and S b In practical use, it is sufficient to select one reflected light point from the upper glass A and one reflected light point from the lower glass B, for example, as shown in the reference. Figure 5 Choose S as described A and S B .

[0124] In step 104, the two reflected light points obtained in the previous step (e.g., S) are extracted. A and S B The image of the two reflected light points is extracted, and the center-to-center distance data of the two reflected light points is further obtained from the extracted image. Instead of directly measuring the distance between the two reflected light points obtained on the display screen 7, the image of the two reflected light points with related positions is extracted first, and then the distance between the centers of the two reflected light points, i.e., their center-to-center distance d, is obtained through image processing. AB This avoids errors and distortions from direct screen measurements, ensuring the accuracy of the obtained data.

[0125] In step 105, determining whether the vacuum layer of the vacuum glass is parallel at this location requires using the center-to-center spacing data (i.e., d) obtained in step 104. AB ) and the reference data (i.e., D) stored in the detection device (e.g., ROM) in step 101 AB Compare this to the previous one, and provide a judgment on whether the vacuum layer of the vacuum glass at this location is parallel. For example, assume d AB -D AB >δ or d AB :D AB If the value is greater than γ, a judgment can be made that the vacuum layer is not parallel. δ and γ are thresholds set by the vacuum glass maker considering various factors (e.g., δ = 1 mm; γ = 1.1).

[0126] In step 106, d is further calculated, representing the degree of non-parallelism of the vacuum layer at this edge location. AB -D AB and / or d AB / D AB The specific value.

[0127] In step 107, the calculated d AB -D AB and / or d AB / D ABThe specific value, along with the information of the detection location, is output to the display device.

[0128] For vacuum glass of known product type and standard, the method of the present invention is performed in a second manner to achieve quantitative detection of whether the vacuum layer in the edge region of the vacuum glass under test is parallel. That is, it can not only detect the non-parallel state in the edge region, but also provide relevant parameters reflecting the degree of non-parallelism in the edge region. These parameters are of reference value for obtaining specific quantitative values ​​of tensile stress.

[0129] The difference from the first execution method lies in the operations of steps 101 and 106. Specifically, the operation of acquiring and storing the reference data in step 101 is achieved through simulation experiments and testing on the vacuum glass under test. Specifically, firstly, the vacuum layer thickness at the outermost detectable position is set to multiple simulated vacuum layer thicknesses (h1) ranging from the parallel thickness (h0) to the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness. Then, for each simulated vacuum layer thickness (h1), a laser beam (L) is irradiated from the inside of the vacuum glass under test toward the outermost detectable position at an incident angle (α). The reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) corresponding to each simulated vacuum layer thickness (h1) are obtained. The positional relationship image between the reflected light spot of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of the lower glass (B) corresponding to each simulated vacuum layer thickness (h1) is extracted, and the simulated center distance data of these two reflected light spots is obtained. And the simulated vacuum layer angle (2β1) corresponding to each simulated vacuum layer thickness (h1) is measured.

[0130] Subsequently, multiple simulated center-to-center spacing data and multiple simulated vacuum layer angles (2β1) corresponding one-to-one with the thickness (h1) of the multiple simulated vacuum layers are stored as reference data.

[0131] As can be seen, the data shown in Table 1 are actually stored as baseline data in the detection device through the operation of step 101 described above. In other words, Table 1 is obtained by performing the above operation with 21 different thicknesses for a known product type and standard vacuum glass, where the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 at the outermost detectable position is set from the thickness h0 of the parallel layer in the non-edge region to an upper limit of 0.45 mm for the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1. For a known product model and standard vacuum glass, it is feasible and easy for the manufacturer to create a corresponding Table 1, and it is understandable that the more values ​​of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 set between the parallel thickness h0 and the upper limit thickness h1, the better.

[0132] In step 106, relevant parameters reflecting the degree of non-parallelism at the outermost detectable position are calculated. For example, if the detection results at the outermost detectable position show that the vacuum layer at this position is not parallel, i.e., |d AB -D AB |>δ, at this point, the measured value d can be obtained from Table 1, which serves as the reference data storage. AB Equal (or approximately) simulated center spacing d AB1 The simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 and simulated vacuum angle 2β1 at this location are obtained. By comparing them with the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 and the maximum simulated vacuum layer angle 2β1, the degree of non-parallelism at the detectable edge of the vacuum glass being tested is obtained.

[0133] For example, the simulated data in Table 1 above is stored as the reference data for the edge region of the vacuum glass under test. The above method is used to test a known model of vacuum glass, and the parameter δ for determining whether the vacuum layer is not parallel is set to 1 mm. From the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 in Table 1, it can be understood that the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness corresponding to the expected tensile stress limit value at the outermost detectable position of the vacuum glass under test during use is h1 = 0.45 mm.

[0134] Example 1: If d is measured at the detectable position at the outermost edge of the finished vacuum glass... AB The value is 0.50 mm, corresponding to the data in the first row of Table 1, d AB1 =0.50mm=D AB Then |d AB -D AB |=0mm, meaning the thickness h of the vacuum layer at the outermost detectable position is equal to the thickness h0 of the parallel vacuum layer in the non-edge region. Therefore, it is determined that the vacuum layers in this edge region are completely parallel.

[0135] Example 2: If d is measured at the detectable position at the outermost edge of the finished vacuum glass... AB The value is 0.91 mm, corresponding to the data in row 3 of Table 1, d AB1 =0.91mm, then |d AB -D AB |=0.91mm-0.50mm=0.41mm≤1mm, and we can obtain that the vacuum layer thickness h=0.27mm at this outermost detectable position is greater than the parallel vacuum layer thickness h0=0.25mm in the non-edge region, but less than the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 of 0.45mm. Therefore, it can be determined that the vacuum layer in this edge region is roughly parallel.

[0136] Example 3: If d is measured at the detectable position at the outermost edge of the finished vacuum glass... ABThe value is 4.62 mm, corresponding to the data in row 21 of Table 1, d AB1 =4.62mm, then |d AB -D AB |=4.62mm-0.50mm=4.12mm>1mm, and the vacuum layer thickness h=0.45mm can be obtained at this outermost detectable position, which has reached the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1. Therefore, it is determined that the vacuum layer at this position in the edge region is not parallel and is in the expected limit state, which means that it is very easy to burst in the expected use environment.

[0137] Example 4: If d is measured at the detectable position at the outermost edge of the finished vacuum glass... AB The value is 2.34 mm, corresponding to the data in row 10 of Table 1, d AB1 =2.34mm, then |d AB -D AB |=2.34-0.50mm=1.84mm>1mm, and we can obtain that the vacuum layer thickness h=0.34mm at this outermost detectable position is greater than the parallel vacuum layer thickness h0=0.25mm in the non-edge region, but less than the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 of 0.45mm. Therefore, we first determine that the vacuum layer in this edge region is not parallel. And from Table 1, we can know that the difference between the vacuum layer thickness h at this outermost detectable position and the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 is 0.45mm-0.34mm=0.11mm; and the difference between the vacuum layer angle 2β at this outermost detectable position and the simulated vacuum layer angle corresponding to the upper limit h1 is 0.29°-0.13°=0.16°. Therefore, based on the threshold of 0.11 mm vacuum layer thickness and the threshold of 0.16° vacuum layer angle, and referring to the material used in the tested vacuum glass of the known model, the difference between the tensile stress currently borne at this location and the tensile stress borne at this location when it reaches the point of bursting damage can be deduced.

[0138] For ease of description, the measured center-to-center distance d of the light spot on the vacuum glass being tested is used in the above examples. AB Select the simulation center spacing d that has an equivalent value in Table 1. AB1 While such cases exist, it's impossible to select too many simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 values ​​for experimental testing when creating Table 1 as the reference data for known models of tested vacuum glass. Therefore, the aforementioned cases with equivalent values ​​are special cases. More often, it's necessary to use the measured center-to-center distance d of the light spot. AB The simulated center spacing d in Table 1 AB1 Perform approximate matching.

[0139] In summary, in step 106, the following parameters can be calculated to represent the degree of non-parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region, and similarly used to quantitatively obtain the additional stress that the edge region can withstand before reaching the ultimate / expected stress value:

[0140] (1) The difference or ratio between the center spacing obtained at the outermost detectable position and the largest simulated center spacing in the stored reference data;

[0141] (2) The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer thickness h1 corresponding to the simulated center spacing obtained at the outermost detectable position and the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness in the stored reference data.

[0142] (3) The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer angle 2β1 corresponding to the simulated center spacing obtained at the outermost detectable position in the stored reference data and the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer angle.

[0143] In step 107, at least one of the above information (1) to (3) that reflects the degree of non-parallelism of the vacuum layer is determined and output to the display device together with the position information.

[0144] Figure 7 This is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the detection apparatus 200 employing the detection method of the present invention. A laser beam generator 201 generates a suitable laser beam L and irradiates the edge region of the vacuum glass 10 under test from the non-edge region side of the vacuum glass at a predetermined incident angle α. A reflected beam receiving device 202 receives reflected light spots formed by the beams reflected by the upper glass A and the lower glass B. An image extraction device 203 extracts an image showing the positional relationship between a reflected light spot reflected by the upper glass A and a reflected light spot reflected by the lower glass B, and obtains center-to-center distance data for these two reflected light spots using suitable image processing techniques. A comparison / determination device 204 compares the obtained center-to-center distance data with reference data stored in a storage device (e.g., ROM) and determines whether the vacuum layer at this location on the vacuum glass 10 under test is parallel. If the determination result indicates that the vacuum layer at this location on the vacuum glass apparatus 10 under test is not parallel, a calculation device 205 calculates relevant parameters reflecting the degree of non-parallelism at this location, based on different reference data for different vacuum glasses 10 under test. The output device 206 outputs the relevant parameters of the calculated degree of non-parallelism along with the relevant position information.

[0145] If the detection result for a certain outermost detectable position indicates that the vacuum layer at that position is parallel, then the detection unit distance (e.g., the spacing of a support) can be selected to move up / down (or left / right) along that edge, and the detection of the next outermost detectable position can continue from step 102 until the measurement of the entire edge is completed.

[0146] Figure 8 The specific components of the detection apparatus for implementing the present invention are shown, referred to herein as the "detection system" 300, including several parts.

[0147] The first part is the laser beam generator 301, which can be constructed, for example, using a semiconductor laser. Currently, small semiconductor laser generator technology is very mature. The working distance between the laser generator 310 and the vacuum glass 10 under test can range from 0.3m to 2.5m; in this example, a distance of 0.5m to 2.5m is preferred. The laser beam spot diameter can range from 0.15mm to 0.9mm, and a smaller spot size is better. The laser beam L illuminates the edge region of the vacuum glass 10 under test, and the incident angle α of the laser beam L remains constant throughout the entire detection process.

[0148] The second part is the reflected laser beam receiving screen 7, which is placed on the same side of the vacuum glass 10 being tested, symmetrical to the incident normal of the incident laser beam L, and is positioned opposite the laser beam generator 301. The receiving screen 7 is made of a light-transmitting material with small halo and capable of clearly reflecting the light spot of the incident light from the back (for example, made of high-sensitivity silver halide film of medical X-ray film that has been fully exposed to form a deep black color). The size of the screen area and the distance H from the vacuum glass 10 being tested are related to which two surfaces of the vacuum glass 10 the reflected beam used for detection originates from.

[0149] The third part is a camera 302, which serves as an image extraction device. It extracts images of the reflected light points and processes them to obtain the center-to-center distance between the reflected light points. For example, a technologically mature "machine vision" camera with graphic and text recognition capabilities can be used. This camera 302 is placed on the other side of the screen 7 to capture the received reflected light points.

[0150] The laser beam generator 301, the reflected laser beam receiving screen 7, and the camera 302 not only have performance requirements, but also have very strict requirements for their relative positions. During the entire detection operation, when the vacuum glass and these three parts move relative to each other, it is necessary not only to maintain their respective working performance, but also to ensure that their relative positions remain unchanged.

[0151] Other parts of the detection system 300 include: a comparison / determination / computing device 303, a storage component (e.g., ROM) for storing reference data, and an output device (e.g., a liquid crystal display) 304. The selection of these electronic components is not particularly demanding and can be partially implemented in software, as long as they can process data from the camera 302 on demand. They can interact with the camera 302 via wired or wireless means, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0152] The method and apparatus of the present invention for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass can qualitatively determine the existence and extent of non-parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass products of any specification, and can quantitatively determine the existence and extent of non-parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass products of known models / specifications. This provides an indirect quantitative detection method for determining the existence of excessive edge tensile stress, filling this technical gap.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of a vacuum glass, comprising the following steps: Acquire and store the reference data of the vacuum glass (10) under test; A laser beam (L) is irradiated from the inside of the vacuum glass (10) to the outermost detectable position at a predetermined incident angle (α); Obtain the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) of the vacuum glass (10) under test; Extract the positional relationship image between the reflected light points of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light points of the lower glass (B) and obtain the center-to-center distance data of the two reflected light points; The center-to-center distance data is compared with the stored reference data, and it is determined whether the vacuum layer of the tested vacuum glass (10) at the outermost detectable position is parallel; if the absolute value of the difference between the center-to-center distance data and the stored reference data is greater than a predetermined threshold, the vacuum layer in this edge region is not parallel, and it is determined that there is a risk of excessive tensile stress in this edge region; if the center-to-center distance data is the same as the stored reference data or the difference between the two is less than a predetermined threshold, the vacuum layer in this edge region is parallel. When the comparison and determination result indicates that the vacuum layer at the outermost detectable position is not parallel, relevant parameters reflecting the degree of non-parallelism at that outermost detectable position are calculated; and... Output the relevant parameters of the degree of non-parallelism and the detectable position information of the outermost edge; The steps for acquiring and storing the reference data of the vacuum glass (10) under test include: A laser beam (L) is irradiated at a detectable position in a non-edge region at a predetermined incident angle (α); Obtain the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) of the vacuum glass (10) under test; Extract the positional relationship image between the reflected light spots of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spots of the lower glass (B) and obtain the center-to-center distance data of these two reflected light spots; and, The center-to-center distance data of the two reflected light points is stored as reference data.

2. The method for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass according to claim 1, wherein: The relevant parameters for the degree of non-parallelism include: The difference or ratio between the center spacing obtained at the outermost detectable position and the reference data.

3. The method for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring and storing the reference data of the vacuum glass (10) under test includes: The vacuum layer thickness at the outermost detectable position is set to multiple simulated vacuum layer thicknesses (h1) ranging from the parallel thickness (h0) to the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness. For each of the simulated vacuum layer thicknesses (h1), a laser beam (L) is irradiated from the inside of the vacuum glass under test toward the outermost detectable position at an incident angle (α); Obtain the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) corresponding to each of the simulated vacuum layer thicknesses (h1); Extract the positional relationship image between the reflected light point of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light point of the lower glass (B) corresponding to each simulated vacuum layer thickness (h1) and obtain the simulated center distance data of the two reflected light points; Measure the simulated vacuum layer angle (2β1) corresponding to each of the simulated vacuum layer thicknesses (h1); and, The data of multiple simulated center-to-center distances and multiple simulated vacuum layer angles (2β1) corresponding one-to-one with the thickness (h1) of the multiple simulated vacuum layers are stored as reference data.

4. The method for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass according to claim 3, wherein the parameter related to the degree of non-parallelism includes at least one of the following: The difference or ratio between the center-to-center distance data obtained at the outermost detectable position and the maximum simulated center-to-center distance data in the stored reference data; The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer thickness (h1) corresponding to the simulated center-to-center spacing data obtained at the outermost detectable position in the stored reference data and the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness; The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer angle (2β1) corresponding to the simulated center-to-center spacing data obtained at the outermost detectable position in the stored reference data and the maximum simulated vacuum angle in the stored reference data.

5. The method for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of vacuum glass according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: The light beam reflected by the upper glass (A) and the corresponding reflected light spot include: The reflected light beam generated on its inner surface (R) A ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) A ); The reflected light beam generated by its outer surface (R) a ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) a );and, The light beam reflected by the lower glass (B) and the corresponding reflected light spot include: The reflected light beam generated on its inner surface (R) B ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) B ); The reflected light beam generated by its outer surface (R) b ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) b ).

6. A detection device (200) using the method for detecting the parallelism of the vacuum layer in the edge region of a vacuum glass as described in claim 1, comprising: Storage device (ROM) stores reference data of the vacuum glass (10) under test. A laser beam generator (201) irradiates a laser beam (L) from the inside of the vacuum glass (10) to the outermost detectable position at a predetermined incident angle (α); The reflected beam receiving device (202) acquires the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) of the vacuum glass (10) under test. The image extraction device (203) extracts the positional relationship image between the reflected light points of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light points of the lower glass (B) and obtains the center distance data of the two reflected light points; The comparison / determination device (204) compares the center-to-center distance data with the stored reference data and determines whether the vacuum layer of the tested vacuum glass (10) at the outermost detectable position is parallel; if the absolute value of the difference between the center-to-center distance data and the stored reference data is greater than a predetermined threshold, the vacuum layer in this edge region is not parallel, and it is determined that there is a risk of excessive tensile stress in this edge region; if the absolute value of the difference between the center-to-center distance data and the stored reference data is less than a predetermined threshold, the vacuum layer in this edge region is parallel. The computing device (205) calculates relevant parameters reflecting the degree of non-parallelism at the outermost detectable position when the comparison and determination result indicates that the vacuum layer at the outermost detectable position is not parallel. as well as, The output device (206) outputs the relevant parameters of the degree of non-parallelism and the detectable position information of the outermost edge; The steps for acquiring and storing the reference data of the vacuum glass (10) under test include: A laser beam (L) is irradiated at a detectable position in a non-edge region at a predetermined incident angle (α); Obtain the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spot of a reflected beam from the lower glass (B) of the vacuum glass (10) under test; Extract the positional relationship image between the reflected light spots of the upper glass (A) and the reflected light spots of the lower glass (B) and obtain the center-to-center distance data of these two reflected light spots; and, The center-to-center distance data of the two reflected light points is stored as reference data.

7. The vacuum layer parallelism detection device (200) for the edge region of vacuum glass according to claim 6, wherein: The relevant parameters for the degree of non-parallelism include: The difference or ratio between the center spacing obtained at the outermost detectable position and the reference data.

8. The vacuum layer parallelism detection device (200) for the edge region of vacuum glass according to claim 6, wherein: The relevant parameters include at least one of the following: The difference or ratio between the center-to-center distance data obtained at the outermost detectable position and the maximum simulated center-to-center distance data in the stored reference data; The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer thickness (h1) corresponding to the simulated center spacing data in the stored reference data that is the same as the center spacing data obtained at the outermost detectable position and the upper limit of the simulated vacuum layer thickness; The difference or ratio between the simulated vacuum layer angle (2β1) corresponding to the simulated center-to-center spacing data obtained at the outermost detectable position in the stored reference data and the maximum simulated vacuum angle in the stored reference data.

9. The vacuum layer parallelism detection device (200) for the edge region of vacuum glass according to any one of claims 6-8, wherein: The light beam reflected by the upper glass (A) and the corresponding reflected light spot include: The reflected light beam generated on its inner surface (R) A ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) A ); The reflected light beam generated by its outer surface (R) a ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) a );and, The light beam reflected by the lower glass (B) and the corresponding reflected light spot include: The reflected light beam generated on its inner surface (R) B ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) B ); The reflected light beam generated by its outer surface (R) b ) and the corresponding reflected light spot (S) b ).

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