Plateau blast injury model

Abstract

The invention relates to a plateau shock wave injury model, belonging to the field of shock wave injury models, comprising an experimental chamber and a negative pressure buffer chamber, wherein the experimental chamber is provided with a first air inlet, a first pressure relief hole and an air outlet, the negative pressure buffer chamber is provided with a second air inlet and a second pressure relief hole, the experimental chamber is connected with a first vacuum generating device and a first pressure gauge, the inner side of the experimental chamber is provided with shock injury pipe fittings and a feeding device, the shock injury pipe fittings comprise a high-pressure section pipe and a low-pressure section pipe, an aluminum sheet is sealed between the high-pressure section pipe and the low-pressure section pipe, the high-pressure section pipe is connected with a pressure pipe, the pressure pipe is connected with an air compressor, an air charging valve and a balance gas switch, and the negative pressure buffer chamber is connected with a second vacuum generating device and a second pressure gauge; the invention acclimates animals in the process of not switching between plain laboratory injury and plateau environment; the environmental factors brought by the time process of transferring the animals to the plateau environment after injury are eliminated, and the animals can be directly fed after injury to observe the long-term effects after injury.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of shock wave injury models and relates to a plateau shock wave injury model. Background Art

[0002] Shock wave injuries can lead to multiple injuries, multiple injuries, and complex injuries: because multiple injury factors (such as overpressure and dynamic pressure, direct and indirect effects) act on the body almost simultaneously, the types of injuries and the complexity of injuries caused by shock waves are determined. Moderate and above shock wave injuries often involve multiple injuries and multiple injuries. There are both direct and indirect injuries; both external injuries and internal injuries; it is possible to be treated as simple shock wave injuries, or combined with burns and radiation injuries. Shock wave injuries are light on the outside and heavy on the inside, and develop rapidly: especially shock wave injuries caused by overpressure, the body surface may often be uninjured or only slightly injured, while the internal organs may suffer serious injuries. Severe and above internal organ injuries, due to the rapid development of the injury and decompensation, can quickly lead to shock and cardiopulmonary dysfunction, and even cause death.

[0003] The environment in plateaus is quite different from that in plains. For example, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which has the highest altitude, has an average altitude of more than 4,000 meters. The air in this area is thin, and the atmospheric pressure and oxygen partial pressure are both at a relatively low level. In such an environment, the propagation characteristics of shock waves are different from those in plains, and the damage effect on the body will change. Studies have shown that the plateau environment will reduce the body's tolerance to shock waves and aggravate the injuries caused by shock waves.

[0004] The damage caused by direct or indirect shock waves in the plateau environment is called plateau shock wave injury. Due to the low atmospheric pressure in the plateau, it decreases with increasing altitude. With the decrease of environmental pressure and the increase of oxygen deficiency, animals have different tolerance to shock waves. The lower the pressure in the plateau, the lower the tolerance of animals to shock waves, which aggravates the degree of lung injury and increases the mortality rate. The cause of animal death may be related to the air embolism caused by coronary artery or cerebral artery embolism and acute cardiopulmonary insufficiency caused by severe pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema after lung injury. The mechanism by which the decrease in environmental atmospheric pressure causes the decrease in the tolerance of organisms to air shock waves is not fully understood. It may be related to the low oxygen partial pressure in the plateau air. Hypoxia increases the fragility and permeability of pulmonary capillaries. When exposed to shock waves, pulmonary capillaries are prone to rupture and bleed. The increased permeability increases the amount of fluid exudation, which makes pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema more severe than those in plains and low-altitude areas, and the mortality rate is higher. In addition, due to the low atmospheric pressure in the plateau environment, the pressure difference effect caused by the shock wave is more significant than that in the plains and low-altitude areas, which leads to a decrease in the body's tolerance to shock waves. The existing shock wave injury model is only a plain injury model. If you want to study plateau shock wave injuries, you need to use the existing shock wave injury model and then adjust it to the plateau state (the air is thinner and the atmospheric pressure is lower). The data obtained from the experiment is inaccurate. If you can replicate the plateau shock wave injury model of rats and explore the injury characteristics of plateau shock wave injuries, it can provide a certain basis for early treatment. Based on the above analysis, it is very necessary to study a plateau shock wave injury model. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a plateau shock wave injury model, which does not require switching the injury model, avoids the influence of environmental factors brought about by the time process of transferring animals to the plateau environment after being injured in the plain injury model, and can be directly raised after injury to observe the long-term effects after injury, thereby improving the accuracy of experimental data and providing sufficient evidence for early treatment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A plateau shock wave injury model comprises an experimental chamber and a negative pressure buffer chamber, wherein the experimental chamber is provided with a first air inlet, a first pressure relief hole and an air outlet, wherein the first air inlet is connected to a first air inlet flow control valve, and the first pressure relief hole is connected to a first pressure relief valve, wherein the negative pressure buffer chamber is provided with a second air inlet and a second pressure relief hole, wherein the second air inlet is connected to the air outlet through a pipeline and a second air inlet flow control valve is arranged on the pipeline, and the second pressure relief hole is connected to a second pressure relief valve, wherein the experimental chamber is connected to a first vacuum generating device and a first pressure gauge, wherein the first vacuum generating device is used to adjust the air pressure in the experimental chamber, and the first pressure gauge is used to detect the gas pressure in the experimental chamber, and wherein the inner side of the experimental chamber is provided with shock injury pipe fittings and a feeding device The impact injury pipe fitting includes a high-pressure section pipe and a low-pressure section pipe, the end face of the high-pressure section pipe is connected with an aluminum sheet and the end face is sealed and connected to the low-pressure section pipe, the other end of the high-pressure section pipe is connected with a pressure pipe, the pressure pipe is connected with an air compressor and an inflation valve, the inflation valve is arranged between the air compressor and the pressure pipe, the first vacuum generating device is connected with the pressure pipe, a balancing gas switch is arranged between the first vacuum generating device and the pressure pipe, the feeding device is arranged on one side of the air outlet of the low-pressure section pipe, the negative pressure buffer bin is connected with a second vacuum generating device and a second pressure gauge, the second vacuum generating device is used to adjust the air pressure in the negative pressure buffer bin, and the second pressure gauge is used to detect the gas pressure in the negative pressure buffer bin.

[0008] Furthermore, the first air inlet hole is arranged on the rear side wall of the experimental chamber, the first pressure relief hole and the first pressure gauge are arranged on the left side wall of the experimental chamber, the second air inlet hole is arranged on the right side wall of the negative pressure buffer chamber, and the second pressure relief hole and the second pressure gauge are arranged on the front side wall of the negative pressure buffer chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure pipe is arranged on the inner side of the experimental chamber, and the first vacuum generating device, the air compressor and the inflation valve are arranged on the outer side of the experimental chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the aluminum sheet includes various thickness models, and the connection surfaces of the aluminum sheet and the high-pressure section pipe and the low-pressure section pipe are all coated with sealant or provided with sealing rubber rings and then connected by bolts.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-pressure section tube and the low-pressure section tube are both shock tubes with a diameter of 15 to 20 cm.

[0012] Furthermore, a transparent observation window is provided on the front side wall of the experimental chamber, and a light window is provided on the top of the experimental chamber. Both the transparent observation window and the light window are made of high-strength glass material.

[0013] Furthermore, the high-pressure section pipe is connected to a third pressure gauge for detecting its gas pressure, and the value of the third pressure gauge is observed through the transparent observation window. The low-pressure section pipe is connected to a sensor for detecting its gas pressure, and the sensor is connected to an overpressure measuring gauge, and the overpressure measuring gauge is arranged on the front side wall of the experimental chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, a trough for containing food is connected to the inner side of the feeding device, the bottom plate of the feeding device is a mesh structure, and a feces collecting plate is slidably connected to the lower side of the feeding device.

[0015] Furthermore, the first vacuum generating device and the second vacuum generating device are both vacuum machines.

[0016] Furthermore, the first intake flow control valve, the first pressure relief valve, the second intake flow control valve, the second pressure relief valve and the charging valve are all solenoid valves.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention provides a model for simulating plateau shock wave injuries in plains without switching the injury model, thereby avoiding the influence of environmental factors during the time period when animals are transferred to a plateau environment after being injured in a plain injury model. Secondly, animals can be directly raised after injury to observe long-term effects after injury, thereby improving the accuracy of experimental data and providing sufficient evidence for early treatment. Animals can also be placed in a low-pressure area of ​​an injury device according to feeding needs, and then the tail end of the injury device is sealed to form a simulation of shock wave overpressure injury in a closed cabin.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a plane schematic diagram of the plateau shock wave injury model of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection of the impact injury pipe fittings of the plateau shock wave injury model of the present invention;

[0023] Figure numerals: experimental chamber 1, negative pressure buffer chamber 2, first vacuum generating device 3, first air inlet 4, first pressure relief hole 5, first pressure gauge 6, second vacuum generating device 7, second air inlet 8, second pressure relief hole 9, second pressure gauge 10, air compressor 11, charging valve 12, balancing gas switch 13, pressure pipe 14, high-pressure section pipe 15, low-pressure section pipe 16, third pressure gauge 17, feeding device 18, sensor 19, overpressure measuring gauge 20, transparent observation window 21, aluminum sheet 22, air outlet 23. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0025] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0026] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2A plateau shock wave injury model comprises an experimental chamber 1 and a negative pressure buffer chamber 2, wherein a first air inlet 4 is provided on the left side wall of the experimental chamber 1, and the first air inlet 4 is connected to a first air inlet flow control valve, a first pressure relief hole 5 and an air outlet 23 are provided on the front side wall of the experimental chamber 1, and the first pressure relief hole 5 is connected to a first pressure relief valve, a second air inlet 8 is provided on the right side wall of the negative pressure buffer chamber 2, and the second air inlet 8 is connected to the air outlet 23 through a pipeline and a second air inlet flow control valve is provided on the pipeline, a second pressure relief hole 9 is provided on the front side wall of the negative pressure buffer chamber 2, and the second pressure relief hole 9 is connected to a second pressure relief valve, the experimental chamber 1 is connected to a first vacuum generating device 3 and a first pressure gauge 6, and the first vacuum generating device 3 is used to adjust The air pressure in the experimental chamber 1 is controlled. The first pressure gauge 6 is used to detect the gas pressure in the experimental chamber 1. The inner side of the experimental chamber 1 is provided with impact-injury pipe fittings and a feeding device 18. The impact-injury pipe fittings include a high-pressure section pipe 15 and a low-pressure section pipe 16. The high-pressure section pipe 15 and the low-pressure section pipe 16 are shock wave tubes with a diameter of 15 to 20 cm. The left end face of the high-pressure section pipe 15 is connected with an aluminum sheet 22, and the end face is sealed and connected with the right end face of the low-pressure section pipe 16. The aluminum sheet 22 includes a variety of thickness models. The connection surfaces of the aluminum sheet 22 and the high-pressure section pipe 15 and the low-pressure section pipe 16 are all coated with sealant and connected with bolts. The right end face of the high-pressure section pipe 15 is connected with a pressure pipe 14, and the pressure pipe 14 is connected with an air compressor 11 and an inflation valve 12. The pressure pipe 14 is arranged on the inner side of the experimental chamber 1, the first vacuum generating device 3, the air compressor 11 and the inflation valve 12 are arranged on the outer side of the experimental chamber 1, the inflation valve 12 is arranged between the air compressor 11 and the pressure pipe 14, the first vacuum generating device 3 is connected to the pressure pipe 14, a balancing gas switch 13 is arranged between the first vacuum generating device 3 and the pressure pipe 14, the high-pressure section pipe 15 is connected to a third pressure gauge 17, the low-pressure section pipe 16 is connected to a sensor 19 for detecting its gas pressure, the sensor 19 is connected to an overpressure measuring gauge 20, the feeding device 18 is arranged on one side of the air outlet of the low-pressure section pipe 16, the feeding device 18 is connected to a feeding trough for holding food, the bottom plate of the feeding device 18 is a mesh structure, and the feeding device 18 A feces collecting plate is slidably connected to the lower side, the negative pressure buffer bin 2 is connected to the second vacuum generating device 7 and the second pressure gauge 10, the first vacuum generating device 3 and the second vacuum generating device 7 are both vacuum machines, the second vacuum generating device 7 is used to adjust the air pressure in the negative pressure buffer bin 2, the second pressure gauge 10 is used to detect the gas pressure in the negative pressure buffer bin 2, the first air intake flow control valve, the first pressure relief valve, the second air intake flow control valve, the second pressure relief valve and the inflation valve 12 are all solenoid valves, the front side wall of the experimental bin 1 is provided with a transparent observation window 21, the value of the third pressure gauge 17 is observed through the transparent observation window 21, and a light window is provided on the top of the experimental bin 1, and the transparent observation window 21 and the light window are both made of high-strength glass.

[0028] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0029] The present invention extracts air from the experimental chamber 1 and the negative pressure buffer chamber 2 through the first vacuum generating device 3 and the second vacuum generating device 7, so that the air pressure in the corresponding chamber is reduced, and the oxygen concentration is also reduced accordingly, thereby reaching the expected experimental value. When a hypoxic environment is formed and before injury occurs, the balancing gas switch 13 is turned on. At this time, the air pressures in the three areas of the experimental chamber 1, the low-pressure section pipe 16 of the impact injury pipe fitting, and the high-pressure section pipe 15 of the impact injury pipe fitting are equivalent, all of which are in a semi-vacuum state. Before injury occurs, the purpose of balancing the low-pressure section pipe 16 and the high-pressure section pipe 15 of the impact injury pipe fitting is to prevent the formation of an air pressure difference between the two sections and the breakthrough of the aluminum sheet 22 when the plateau is in a semi-vacuum state; after the animal is raised or acclimated for a period of time, the animal is injured, the balancing gas switch 13 is turned off, and the air compressor 11 inflates the high-pressure section pipe 15 of the impact injury pipe fitting, and when the pressure threshold is reached, the aluminum sheet 22 is broken through, and a shock wave is generated. After passing through the low-pressure section pipe 16, a stable shock wave overpressure is formed to injure the animal in the feeding device 18; the sensor 19 detects the specific number of the shock wave overpressure and displays it on the overpressure measuring meter 20, and the thickness of the aluminum sheet 22 can be selected to generate shock wave overpressures of different intensities; after injury occurs, the balancing gas switch 13 is turned on, and the animal is raised for a long time according to the injury.

[0030] The plateau shock wave injury model provided by the present invention can acclimate animals without switching between the injury (in a plain laboratory) and the plateau environment; it avoids the influence of environmental factors during the time of transferring the animals to the plateau environment after the injury, and the animals can be directly raised after the injury to observe the long-term effects after the injury, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental data and providing sufficient evidence for early treatment; the animals can also be placed in the low-pressure area of ​​the injury device according to the feeding needs, and then the tail end of the injury device is sealed to form a simulation of the shock wave overpressure injury in a closed cabin. Among them:

[0031] A transparent observation window 21 and a lighting window made of glass are provided on the side wall of the experimental warehouse 1. The transparent observation window 21 is convenient for observing the pressure of the third pressure gauge 17 on the high-pressure short tube 15, and is convenient for observing and recording the animals raised in the warehouse. The lighting warehouse is beneficial to ensuring the light intensity in the experimental warehouse 1 and is beneficial to the normal breeding of the animals in the experimental warehouse 1;

[0032] The aluminum sheet 22 includes various thickness models, and is connected by bolts according to actual needs. Aluminum sheets 22 of different thicknesses can be selected according to experimental needs to achieve shock wave injuries of different intensities.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Plateau shock wave injury model, characterized by: The invention comprises an experimental chamber (1) and a negative pressure buffer chamber (2), wherein the experimental chamber (1) is provided with a first air inlet (4), a first pressure relief hole (5) and an air outlet (23), wherein the first air inlet (4) is connected to a first air inlet flow control valve, and the first pressure relief hole (5) is connected to a first pressure relief valve, wherein the negative pressure buffer chamber (2) is provided with a second air inlet (8) and a second pressure relief hole (9), wherein the second air inlet (8) is connected to the air outlet (23) through a pipeline and a second air inlet flow control valve is provided on the pipeline, and the second pressure relief hole (9) is connected to a second pressure relief valve, wherein the experimental chamber (1) is connected to a first vacuum generating device (3) and a first pressure gauge (6), wherein the first vacuum generating device (3) is used to adjust the air pressure in the experimental chamber (1), and the first pressure gauge (6) is used to detect the air pressure in the experimental chamber (1), wherein an impact injury pipe and a feeding device (18) are provided on the inner side of the experimental chamber (1), wherein the impact injury pipe comprises a high pressure section pipe (15) and a low-pressure section pipe (16), the end face of the high-pressure section pipe (15) is connected to an aluminum sheet (22) and the end face is sealedly connected to the low-pressure section pipe (16), the other end of the high-pressure section pipe (15) is connected to a pressure pipe (14), the pressure pipe (14) is connected to an air compressor (11) and an air charging valve (12), the air charging valve (12) is arranged between the air compressor (11) and the pressure pipe (14), the first vacuum generating device (3) is connected to the pressure pipe (14), A balancing gas switch (13) is provided between the first vacuum generating device (3) and the pressure pipe (14); the feeding device (18) is provided on one side of the gas outlet of the low-pressure section pipe (16); the negative pressure buffer bin (2) is connected to a second vacuum generating device (7) and a second pressure gauge (10); the second vacuum generating device (7) is used to adjust the gas pressure in the negative pressure buffer bin (2); and the second pressure gauge (10) is used to detect the gas pressure in the negative pressure buffer bin (2).

2. The plateau shock wave injury model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air inlet (4) is arranged on the left side wall of the experimental chamber (1), the first pressure relief hole (5) and the first pressure gauge (6) are arranged on the front side wall of the experimental chamber (1), the second air inlet (8) is arranged on the right side wall of the negative pressure buffer chamber (2), and the second pressure relief hole (9) and the second pressure gauge (10) are arranged on the front side wall of the negative pressure buffer chamber (2).

3. The plateau shock wave injury model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure pipe (14) is arranged on the inner side of the experimental chamber (1), and the first vacuum generating device (3), the air compressor (11) and the inflation valve (12) are arranged on the outer side of the experimental chamber (1).

4. The plateau shock wave injury model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum sheet (22) includes various thickness models, and the connection surfaces of the aluminum sheet (22) and the high-pressure section pipe (15) and the low-pressure section pipe (16) are all coated with sealant or provided with sealing rubber rings and then connected by bolts.

5. The plateau shock wave injury model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-pressure section tube (15) and the low-pressure section tube (16) are both shock tubes with a diameter of 15 to 20 cm.

6. The plateau shock wave injury model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side wall of the experimental chamber (1) is provided with a transparent observation window (21), and the top of the experimental chamber (1) is provided with a light window, and both the transparent observation window (21) and the light window are made of high-strength glass material.

7. The plateau shock wave injury model according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-pressure section pipe (15) is connected to a third pressure gauge (17) for detecting the gas pressure thereof, and the value of the third pressure gauge (17) is observed through the transparent observation window (21); the low-pressure section pipe (16) is connected to a sensor (19) for detecting the gas pressure thereof, and the sensor (19) is connected to an overpressure measuring gauge (20), and the overpressure measuring gauge (20) is arranged on the front side wall of the experimental chamber (1).

8. The plateau shock wave injury model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the feeding device (18) is connected to a food trough for containing food, the bottom plate of the feeding device (18) is a mesh structure, and the lower side of the feeding device (18) is slidably connected to a feces collecting plate.

9. The plateau shock wave injury model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vacuum generating device (3) and the second vacuum generating device (7) are both vacuum machines.

10. The plateau shock wave injury model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air intake flow control valve, the first pressure relief valve, the second air intake flow control valve, the second pressure relief valve and the charging valve (12) are all solenoid valves.

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