A Structured Forming Grinding Wheel Stereolithography Rapid Prototyping Preparation Device and Method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a preparation device and method for a structured forming grinding wheel by light-curing rapid prototyping, which includes a frame, a curing platform and an X-direction movement module arranged on the frame. A resin spraying system, an abrasive particle laying system and a light source system are connected to the X-direction movement module; the grinding wheel preparation process: first, a photosensitive resin with a moderate thickness is evenly sprayed on the curing platform by the resin spraying system; then, a layer of abrasive particles is evenly laid on the resin layer by the abrasive particle laying system; the curing time is set, and a single-layer curing is carried out by irradiating with a surface ultraviolet light source with a controllable geometric shape; the curing workbench is moved downward by a small distance and rotated by a small angle; the above work is repeated, and the shape of the light source during each curing is adjusted to realize the rapid preparation of the formed grinding wheel with complex geometric shapes and surface structured features by layer-by-layer stacking. The preparation device of the present invention has a simple structure and high reliability, and the preparation method is not limited by the size and type of abrasive particles, has a fast forming speed and strong shape adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of abrasive tool preparation, and particularly to a device and method for preparing a structured formed grinding wheel by photocuring rapid prototyping. Background Art

[0002] During profile grinding, the contact area between the grinding wheel and the workpiece is large, and the heat transfer condition during grinding is poor. There is a common situation that the grinding force is too large and the grinding temperature is too high, resulting in grinding burns of the workpiece. Structuring the formed grinding wheel is an effective way to solve the problem of profile grinding burns. Currently, the main methods for structuring grinding wheels include: mechanical machining structuring, abrasive water jet structuring, laser machining structuring, etc. These structuring methods are mostly used for the preparation of structured features of peripheral grinding wheels and end face grinding wheels. Due to the complex geometric shape of the formed grinding wheel, if the above methods are still used for structuring, there will be problems such as complex equipment motion relationships, high equipment costs, long grinding wheel preparation cycles, and difficulty in machining internal structured features.

[0003] Photocuring means that when a liquid photosensitive resin is irradiated by ultraviolet light in a certain wavelength band, active groups will be generated. At this time, the unsaturated double bonds in the resin are initiated by the active groups and undergo a polymerization reaction. As the photocuring reaction proceeds, the active groups gradually lose their activity until the reaction is completed, and the resin changes from a liquid state to a solid state. During the photocuring rapid prototyping process, the light source generates a specific shape under the control of a computer, so that the resin within the specific shape range is cured. Subsequently, the workbench descends a certain distance, and the liquid resin in the working tank naturally flows onto the cured resin layer. Then the light source irradiates and cures the resin again. The newly cured layer adheres firmly to the previously cured layer. This process is repeated until the entire part is formed;

[0004] The existing invention patent with the publication number of CN1830626A proposes a needle-shaped abrasive grain grinding wheel and a preparation method thereof. A photocuring resin is used as a binder, and nickel alloy is plated on the surface of needle-shaped silicon carbide as abrasive grains. After mixing evenly, it is filled into a mold, and the needle-shaped abrasive grains are oriented by an external magnetic field. Then, a method of irradiating with light for curing and forming is used to prepare a needle-shaped abrasive grain grinding wheel. Due to the characteristics of photocuring and the participation of the long diameter ends of the needle-shaped abrasive grains in grinding after magnetic field orientation, the invention effectively reduces the manufacturing cost and extends the service life of the grinding wheel. However, due to the phenomenon of abrasive grain deposition in the abrasive grain-resin mixture, the larger the abrasive grain, the more serious the deposition phenomenon, which is likely to cause the problem of uneven distribution of abrasive grains inside the abrasive tool. Therefore, it can only be applied to grinding wheels with relatively small abrasive grain diameters.

[0005] The invention patent with the publication number CN112059931A proposes a polishing abrasive tool and a preparation method thereof. The abrasive head of the tool wrapped with an elastically deformable rubber layer is immersed in a slurry bucket containing a mixture of a photocurable resin and abrasive grains. The machine tool is used to control the tool to separate from the slurry bucket and rotate to shake off the excess abrasive grain slurry hanging on the abrasive head, and then light irradiation is used for curing to prepare the polishing abrasive tool. The polishing abrasive tool of this invention has a simple structure, good polishing effect and long service life. However, since the phenomenon of abrasive grain settlement will occur in the mixture of abrasive grains and resin, problems such as uneven distribution of abrasive grains on the abrasive tool and limited size of abrasive grains will be caused.

[0006] The invention patent with the publication number CN113042289A proposes a method and device for preparing a micro-structured abrasive tool by hybrid curing electrostatic spraying. The uniform mixture of a photosensitive resin and other solvents is atomized and deposited on the surface of the micro-structured workpiece by using electrostatic spraying technology, and a hybrid curing method of ultraviolet light and microwave is adopted to prepare the micro-structured abrasive tool. The preparation process of the abrasive tool of this invention is simple, and the hybrid curing method of ultraviolet light - microwave greatly improves the curing efficiency and physical and mechanical properties of the micro-structured abrasive tool. However, using electrostatic spraying technology to atomize and spray the abrasive grain - resin mixture greatly limits the size of the abrasive grains of the abrasive tool, and it is only suitable for the preparation of micro-abrasive grain abrasive tools. Moreover, using the surface micro-structured workpiece as the carrier of the abrasive tool shape, it is difficult to prepare a structured grinding wheel with complex geometric shapes or internal micro-structures.

[0007] The invention patent with the publication number CN113059508A proposes a preparation device and method for optimizing an abrasive tool by an abrasive grain arrangement system. It is proposed to mix abrasive grains with a working fluid, and use a liquid pump and a nozzle to spray the working fluid mixed with abrasive grains on a curing substrate. Below the substrate is a disc with a number of regularly arranged through holes and electromagnets installed in the holes. The surface metal-coated abrasive grains are adsorbed on the substrate by the electromagnets in the disc for the orderly arrangement of abrasive grains. Then, a photosensitive resin with an appropriate thickness is evenly coated on the substrate by a coater and cured by light irradiation to prepare the abrasive tool. This invention has a simple structure, can achieve precise control of the position of abrasive grains and improve the service life of the abrasive tool. However, using regularly arranged electromagnets to control the arrangement position of abrasive grains, when abrasive tools with multiple different abrasive grain arrangements need to be prepared, it is necessary to frequently prepare and replace the corresponding discs. Moreover, this invention uses the disc and the substrate to control the shape of the abrasive tool, and it is also difficult to prepare other structured grinding wheels with complex geometric shapes or internal micro-structures. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for rapid prototyping preparation of a structured formed grinding wheel by photocuring to solve the above problems.

[0009] The present invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A device for preparing a structured formed grinding wheel by light-curing rapid prototyping, including a frame, and further including a curing platform arranged on the frame. An X-direction movement module is arranged at the upper end of the frame, and a resin spraying system, an abrasive laying system, and a light source system are connected to the X-direction movement module;

[0011] The curing platform includes a Y-direction precision moving workbench installed on the frame. A Z-direction precision lifting platform is installed at the upper end of the Y-direction precision moving workbench. A precision rotary workbench is installed at the upper end of the Z-direction precision lifting platform. A forming substrate is installed at the upper end of the precision rotary workbench;

[0012] The resin spraying system includes a Z-direction movement module two arranged on the X-direction movement module. An atomizer is installed on the sliding part of the Z-direction movement module two. A flat nozzle is connected to the lower end of the atomizer. An air compressor and a resin liquid storage tank are connected to the atomizer;

[0013] The abrasive laying system includes a Z-direction movement module one arranged on one side of the Z-direction movement module two. An electrostatic adsorption disc is installed on the sliding part of the Z-direction movement module one. An electrostatic generator is connected to the electrostatic adsorption disc. An abrasive supply mechanism is arranged on one side of the curing platform. The abrasive supply mechanism includes a connecting bracket arranged on the frame. An abrasive cylinder is installed on the connecting bracket. A piston is arranged in the abrasive cylinder. A guide rod is connected to the lower end of the piston. A motor two is installed below the abrasive cylinder. A motor one is arranged on the connecting bracket in front of the abrasive cylinder. A leveling rod is connected to the output shaft of the motor one;

[0014] The light source system includes a Z-direction movement module three arranged on the other side of the Z-direction movement module two. A curing light source is installed on the sliding part of the Z-direction movement module three. A power supply and a controller are connected to the curing light source.

[0015] Further setting: The Z-direction movement module one, the Z-direction movement module two, and the Z-direction movement module three are arranged at intervals and are all fixed on the sliding part of the X-direction movement module.

[0016] Further setting: The X-direction movement module, the Z-direction movement module one, the Z-direction movement module two, and the Z-direction movement module three are all lead screw sliding modules.

[0017] Further setting: The connecting bracket is bolted to the frame, and the length of the leveling rod is greater than the diameter of the abrasive cylinder.

[0018] Further setting: The cross-section of the leveling rod is an inverted cone, and the lower plane of the leveling rod is flush with the upper plane of the abrasive cylinder.

[0019] Further settings: The outer diameter of the piston is the same as the inner diameter of the abrasive cylinder, and the guide rod is slidably connected to the abrasive cylinder.

[0020] A method for preparing a structured formed grinding wheel by photocuring rapid prototyping includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Establish a geometric model of the structured formed grinding wheel in a computer 3D modeling software, and import it into the light source system after slicing;

[0022] Step 2: Debubble the liquid photosensitive resin and store the abrasive grains in a resin storage tank and an abrasive cylinder respectively;

[0023] Step 3: Control the Y-direction precision moving workbench and the X-direction motion module to move the curing platform directly below the resin spraying system. At the same time, adjust the Z-direction motion module 2 to make the atomizer and the deflated nozzle at a suitable distance from the forming substrate;

[0024] Step 4: Turn on the air compressor and the atomizer, and at the same time control the precision rotary workbench to rotate the forming substrate at a certain constant speed, and spray a layer of resin with a moderate thickness and uniformity on the forming substrate;

[0025] Step 5: Turn off the atomizer and control the precision rotary workbench to stop the rotation of the forming substrate;

[0026] Step 6: Control the X-direction motion module to move the electrostatic chuck directly above the abrasive supply mechanism. At the same time, start the electrostatic generator and control the Z-direction motion module 1 to lower the electrostatic chuck into the abrasive supply mechanism to adsorb a uniformly distributed layer of abrasive grains and then rise to a suitable height;

[0027] Step 7: Control the X-direction motion module and the Y-direction precision moving workbench to move the curing platform directly below the electrostatic chuck;

[0028] Step 8: Turn off the electrostatic generator, and the abrasive grains fall off naturally and are uniformly distributed on the forming substrate;

[0029] Step 9: Control the X-direction motion module and the Y-direction precision moving workbench to move the curing platform directly below the curing light source, and move the curing light source to a suitable distance above the forming substrate through the Z-direction motion module 3;

[0030] Step 10: Turn on the curing light source and start the single-layer irradiation curing of the structured formed grinding wheel;

[0031] Step 11: After the single-layer curing of the structured formed grinding wheel is completed, lower the forming substrate by a layer thickness by adjusting the Z-direction precision lifting table, and at the same time rotate the forming substrate by a suitable small angle by adjusting the precision rotary workbench;

[0032] Step 12: Repeat Steps 3 to 11 until the preparation of the structured formed grinding wheel is completed;

[0033] Step XIII: After the grinding wheel is cooled to room temperature, remove it from the forming substrate;

[0034] Step XIV: Shut down all operating systems and clean the experimental device.

[0035] Furthermore: In the above Step XI, the layer thickness by which the Z-direction precision lifting table descends after single-layer curing is slightly larger than the average grain size of the grinding wheel, usually 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, and the small rotation angle of the forming substrate is determined according to the structural characteristic parameters of the structured forming grinding wheel;

[0036] Furthermore: In the above Step X, the time for single-layer irradiation curing of the structured forming grinding wheel is determined according to the characteristic parameters of the selected photosensitive resin, usually 4 s to 10 s.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0038] The photosensitive resin and abrasive grains are sprayed and laid in layers, and by changing the shape of the surface ultraviolet light source during each curing, the single-layer cross-sectional shape of the formed structured grinding wheel is controlled and cured, and layer-by-layer stacking is carried out for rapid preparation of the structured forming grinding wheel. Compared with the processing method of traditional structured forming grinding wheels and some preparation methods of other photocuring abrasives, the present invention has the advantages of simple preparation device structure, high reliability, the proposed preparation method is not restricted by the size and type of abrasive grains, fast forming speed, and strong shape adaptability. Description of the Drawings

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for rapid photocuring forming preparation of a structured forming grinding wheel according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a front view structural diagram of a device for rapid photocuring forming preparation of a structured forming grinding wheel according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is a top view structural diagram of a device for rapid photocuring forming preparation of a structured forming grinding wheel according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is a left view structural diagram of a device for rapid photocuring forming preparation of a structured forming grinding wheel according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 It is the first structural schematic diagram of the abrasive supply mechanism of a stereolithography rapid prototyping preparation device for a structured forming grinding wheel according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It is the second structural schematic diagram of the abrasive supply mechanism of a stereolithography rapid prototyping preparation device for a structured forming grinding wheel according to the present invention.

[0046] The description of the reference numerals is as follows:

[0047] 1. Z-direction precision lifting table; 2. Forming substrate; 3. Y-direction precision moving workbench; 4. Precision rotary workbench; 5. Machine frame; 6. Abrasive supply mechanism; 7. Electrostatic adsorption plate; 8. X-direction motion module; 9. First Z-direction motion module; 10. Second Z-direction motion module; 11. Third Z-direction motion module; 12. Atomizer; 13. Flattened nozzle; 14. Curing light source; 601. Spreading roller; 602. First motor; 603. Connecting bracket; 604. Guide rod; 605. Second motor; 606. Abrasive cylinder; 607. Piston. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings:

[0051] As Figures 1-6 shown, a preparation device for rapid prototyping of a structured formed grinding wheel by light curing includes a frame 5, and also includes a curing platform arranged on the frame 5. An X-direction movement module 8 is arranged at the upper end of the frame 5, and a resin spraying system, an abrasive particle laying system, and a light source system are connected to the X-direction movement module 8;

[0052] In this embodiment: The curing platform includes a Y-direction precision moving workbench 3 installed on the frame 5. A Z-direction precision lifting platform 1 is installed at the upper end of the Y-direction precision moving workbench 3. A precision rotary workbench 4 is installed at the upper end of the Z-direction precision lifting platform 1. A forming substrate 2 is installed at the upper end of the precision rotary workbench 4; The Y-direction precision moving workbench 3 is used to control the movement of the entire curing platform in the Y direction, so that the curing platform can move under other working modules for work; The Z-direction precision lifting platform 1 is used to control the forming substrate 2 to descend by one layer thickness after a single layer is cured, so as to start the curing of the next layer; The precision rotary workbench 4 is used to control the uniform rotation of the forming substrate 2 during the resin spraying process, and to realize a small-angle adjustment of the forming substrate 2 after a single layer is cured in the preparation of the structured formed grinding wheel; The forming substrate 2 is used as the workbench for the curing and forming of the grinding wheel.

[0053] In this embodiment: The resin spraying system includes a Z-direction movement module two 10 arranged on the X-direction movement module 8. An atomizer 12 is installed on the sliding member of the Z-direction movement module two 10. A flat nozzle 13 is connected to the lower end of the atomizer 12. An air compressor and a resin liquid storage tank are connected to the atomizer 12; The X-direction movement module 8 is used to control the movement of the entire resin spraying system in the X direction, so that the resin spraying system can move above the curing platform for resin spraying work; The Z-direction movement module two 10 is used to adjust the movement of the atomizer 12 and the flat nozzle 13 in the Z direction; The atomizer 12 and the flat nozzle 13 are used to control the atomization and spraying of the liquid resin.

[0054] In this embodiment: The abrasive particle laying system includes a Z-axis movement module 9 disposed on one side of the Z-axis movement module 2 10. An electrostatic adsorption disk 7 is installed on the slider of the Z-axis movement module 9, and an electrostatic generator is connected to the electrostatic adsorption disk 7. An abrasive particle supply mechanism 6 is disposed on one side of the curing platform. The abrasive particle supply mechanism 6 includes a connection bracket 603 disposed on the frame 5. An abrasive cylinder 606 is installed on the connection bracket 603. A piston 607 is disposed in the abrasive cylinder 606. A guide rod 604 is connected to the lower end of the piston 607. A second motor 605 is installed below the abrasive cylinder 606. A first motor 602 is disposed on the connection bracket 603 in front of the abrasive cylinder 606. A leveling rod 601 is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 602. The connection bracket 603 is bolted to the frame 5. The length of the leveling rod 601 is greater than the diameter of the abrasive cylinder 606. The cross-section of the leveling rod 601 is an inverted cone. The lower plane of the leveling rod 601 is flush with the upper plane of the abrasive cylinder 606. The outer diameter of the piston 607 is the same as the inner diameter of the abrasive cylinder 606. The guide rod 604 is slidably connected to the abrasive cylinder 606. The X-axis movement module 8 is used to control the movement of the Z-axis movement module 9 and the electrostatic adsorption disk 7 in the X direction, so that the electrostatic adsorption disk 7 can move above the abrasive particle supply mechanism 6 and the curing platform to perform the abrasive particle laying work. The Z-axis movement module 9 is used to adjust the movement of the electrostatic adsorption disk 7 in the Z-axis direction. The electrostatic adsorption disk 7 is used to control the electrostatic adsorption and detachment of the abrasive particles.

[0055] In the abrasive particle supply mechanism 6, the abrasive cylinder 606 is used for storing and supplying abrasive particles. When the electrostatic adsorption disk 7 adsorbs a certain amount of abrasive particles from the abrasive cylinder 606, the abrasive particles in the abrasive cylinder 606 will drop to a certain depth and the distribution is uneven. The second motor 605 and the guide rod 604 are used to control the lifting of the piston 607, so as to push the abrasive particles to a certain height for adsorption. The first motor 602 and the leveling rod 601 are used to scrape the abrasive particles pushed up by the piston 607, so that the electrostatic adsorption disk 7 can evenly adsorb the abrasive particles.

[0056] In this embodiment: The light source system includes a Z-axis movement module 3 11 disposed on the other side of the Z-axis movement module 2 10. A curing light source 14 is installed on the slider of the Z-axis movement module 3 11, and a power supply and a controller are connected to the curing light source 14. The X-axis movement module 8 is used to control the movement of the entire light source system in the X direction, so that the light source system can move above the curing platform to perform light curing work. The Z-axis movement module 3 11 is used to adjust the movement of the curing light source 14 in the Z direction. The curing light source 14 is used to emit a surface ultraviolet light source, and to irradiate and cure the grinding wheel by inputting the three-dimensional slice model of the formed structured grinding wheel through the controller to control the shape of the surface ultraviolet light source.

[0057] Preferably, the Z-direction movement module 1, the Z-direction movement module 2, and the Z-direction movement module 3 are arranged at intervals and are all fixed on the sliding member of the X-direction movement module 8. The X-direction movement module 8, the Z-direction movement module 1, the Z-direction movement module 2, and the Z-direction movement module 3 are all lead screw sliding modules, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of their respective movements.

[0058] A preparation method for rapid prototyping of a structured forming grinding wheel by light curing includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Establish a geometric model of the structured forming grinding wheel in a computer 3D modeling software, and import it into the light source system after slicing.

[0060] Step 2: Debubble the liquid photosensitive resin and store the abrasive grains separately in a resin storage tank and an abrasive cylinder 606.

[0061] Step 3: Control the Y-direction precision moving workbench 3 and the X-direction movement module 8 to move the curing platform directly below the resin spraying system. At the same time, adjust the Z-direction movement module 2 to make the atomizer 12 and the flat nozzle 13 at a suitable distance from the forming substrate 2.

[0062] Step 4: Turn on the air compressor and the atomizer 12. At the same time, control the precision rotary workbench 4 to rotate the forming substrate 2 at a certain constant speed, and spray a layer of resin with a moderate thickness and uniformity on the forming substrate 2.

[0063] Step 5: Turn off the atomizer 12 and control the precision rotary workbench 4 to stop the rotation of the forming substrate 2.

[0064] Step 6: Control the X-direction movement module 8 to move the electrostatic chuck 7 directly above the abrasive supply mechanism 6. At the same time, start the electrostatic generator and control the Z-direction movement module 1 to lower the electrostatic chuck 7 into the abrasive supply mechanism 6 to adsorb a layer of uniformly distributed abrasive grains and then rise to a suitable height.

[0065] Step 7: Control the X-direction movement module 8 and the Y-direction precision moving workbench 3 to move the curing platform directly below the electrostatic chuck 7.

[0066] Step 8: Turn off the electrostatic generator, and the abrasive grains will naturally fall off and be evenly distributed on the forming substrate 2.

[0067] Step 9: Control the X-direction movement module 8 and the Y-direction precision moving workbench 3 to move the curing platform directly below the curing light source 14, and use the Z-direction movement module 3 to move the curing light source 14 to a suitable distance above the forming substrate 2.

[0068] Step 10: Turn on the curing light source 14 and start the single-layer irradiation curing of the structured forming grinding wheel.

[0069] Step Eleven: After the single-layer curing of the structured forming grinding wheel is completed, lower the forming substrate 2 by one layer thickness by adjusting the Z-direction precision lifting table 1. At the same time, rotate the forming substrate 2 by a suitable small angle by adjusting the precision rotary table 4.

[0070] Step Twelve: Repeat Steps Three to Eleven until the structured forming grinding wheel is prepared.

[0071] Step Thirteen: Remove the grinding wheel from the forming substrate 2 after it cools down to room temperature.

[0072] Step Fourteen: Shut down all operating systems and clean the experimental device.

[0073] Preferably: In Step Eleven, the layer thickness by which the Z-direction precision lifting table 1 descends after the single-layer curing is completed is slightly larger than the average abrasive grain size of the grinding wheel, usually 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The small angle by which the forming substrate 2 rotates is determined according to the structured characteristic parameters of the structured forming grinding wheel.

[0074] Preferably: In Step Ten, the time for single-layer irradiation curing of the structured forming grinding wheel is determined according to the characteristic parameters of the selected photosensitive resin, usually 4 s to 10 s.

[0075] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A device for preparing a structured forming grinding wheel by photocuring rapid prototyping, comprising a frame (5), characterized in that: It further includes a curing platform disposed on the frame (5). An X-direction movement module (8) is provided at the upper end of the frame (5), and a resin spraying system, an abrasive laying system, and a light source system are connected to the X-direction movement module (8). The curing platform includes a Y-direction precision moving workbench (3) installed on the frame (5). A Z-direction precision lifting platform (1) is installed at the upper end of the Y-direction precision moving workbench (3). A precision rotary workbench (4) is installed at the upper end of the Z-direction precision lifting platform (1). A forming substrate (2) is installed at the upper end of the precision rotary workbench (4). The resin spraying system includes a Z-direction movement module two (10) disposed on the X-direction movement module (8). An atomizer (12) is installed on the sliding member of the Z-direction movement module two (10). A flat nozzle (13) is connected to the lower end of the atomizer (12). An air compressor and a resin liquid storage tank are connected to the atomizer (12). The abrasive laying system includes a Z-direction movement module one (9) disposed on one side of the Z-direction movement module two (10). An electrostatic adsorption plate (7) is installed on the sliding member of the Z-direction movement module one (9). An electrostatic generator is connected to the electrostatic adsorption plate (7). An abrasive supply mechanism (6) is provided on one side of the curing platform. The abrasive supply mechanism (6) includes a connection bracket (603) disposed on the frame (5). An abrasive cylinder (606) is installed on the connection bracket (603). A piston (607) is disposed inside the abrasive cylinder (606). A guide rod (604) is connected to the lower end of the piston (607). A motor two (605) is installed below the abrasive cylinder (606). A motor one (602) is provided on the connection bracket (603) on the front side of the abrasive cylinder (606). A leveling rod (601) is connected to the output shaft of the motor one (602). The light source system includes a Z-direction movement module three (11) disposed on the other side of the Z-direction movement module two (10). A curing light source (14) is installed on the sliding member of the Z-direction movement module three (11). A power supply and a controller are connected to the curing light source (14). The connection bracket (603) is bolted to the frame (5), and the length of the leveling rod (601) is greater than the diameter of the abrasive cylinder (606). The cross-section of the leveling rod (601) is an inverted cone, and the lower plane of the leveling rod (601) is flush with the upper plane of the abrasive cylinder (606). The outer diameter of the piston (607) is the same as the inner diameter of the abrasive cylinder (606), and the guide rod (604) is slidably connected to the abrasive cylinder (606).

2. The rapid prototyping preparation device for a structured formed grinding wheel by photocuring according to claim 1, wherein: The Z-direction movement module one (9), the Z-direction movement module two (10), and the Z-direction movement module three (11) are spaced apart and are all fixed to the sliding member of the X-direction movement module (8).

3. The preparation device for rapid stereolithography of a structured formed grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-direction movement module (8), the Z-direction movement module one (9), the Z-direction movement module two (10), and the Z-direction movement module three (11) are all lead screw sliding modules.

4. A method for preparing a structured formed grinding wheel by photocuring rapid prototyping, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish a geometric model of a structured forming grinding wheel in a computer 3D modeling software, and import it into the light source system after slicing; Step 2: Debubble the liquid photosensitive resin and store the abrasive grains in the resin storage tank and the abrasive cylinder (606) respectively; Step 3: Control the Y-direction precision moving workbench (3) and the X-direction motion module (8) to move the curing platform under the resin spraying system. At the same time, adjust the Z-direction motion module two (10) to make the atomizer (12) and the deflated nozzle (13) at a suitable distance from the forming substrate (2); Step 4: Turn on the air compressor and the atomizer (12), and at the same time control the precision rotary workbench (4) to rotate the forming substrate (2) at a constant speed. Spray a layer of resin with a moderate and uniform thickness on the forming substrate (2); Step 5: Turn off the atomizer (12) and control the precision rotary workbench (4) to stop the rotation of the forming substrate (2); Step 6: Control the X-direction motion module (8) to move the electrostatic adsorption disk (7) above the abrasive grain supply mechanism (6). At the same time, start the electrostatic generator and control the Z-direction motion module one (9) to lower the electrostatic adsorption disk (7) into the abrasive grain supply mechanism (6) to adsorb a uniformly distributed layer of abrasive grains and then rise to a suitable height; Step 7: Control the X-direction motion module (8) and the Y-direction precision moving workbench (3) to move the curing platform under the electrostatic adsorption disk (7); Step 8: Turn off the electrostatic generator, and the abrasive grains fall off naturally and are evenly distributed on the forming substrate (2); Step 9: Control the X-direction motion module (8) and the Y-direction precision moving workbench (3) to move the curing platform under the curing light source (14), and move the curing light source (14) to a suitable distance above the forming substrate (2) through the Z-direction motion module three (11); Step 10: Turn on the curing light source (14) to start the single-layer irradiation curing of the structured forming grinding wheel; Step 11: After the single-layer curing of the structured forming grinding wheel is completed, lower the forming substrate (2) by a layer thickness through the Z-direction precision lifting table (1). At the same time, rotate the forming substrate (2) by a suitable small angle through the adjustment of the precision rotary workbench (4); Step 12: Repeat Steps 3 to 11 until the structured forming grinding wheel is prepared; Step 13: Remove the grinding wheel from the forming substrate (2) after it cools to room temperature; Step 14: Turn off all operating systems and clean the experimental device; In Step 11, the layer thickness by which the Z-direction precision lifting table (1) descends after the single-layer curing is slightly greater than the average abrasive grain diameter of the grinding wheel, usually 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The small angle by which the forming substrate (2) rotates is determined according to the structured characteristic parameters of the structured forming grinding wheel; In Step 10, the time for the single-layer irradiation curing of the structured forming grinding wheel is determined according to the characteristic parameters of the selected photosensitive resin, usually 4 s to 10 s.

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