Complete and coordinated development mode of coal and associated minerals
Through a coordinated development method of coal and co-aggregated minerals, the problems of bauxite, coal-uranium and oil shale abandonment are solved, and efficient resource extraction and environmental protection are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210862960.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-07-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-07-20
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the single mining method of coal and co-aggregated minerals has led to prominent contradictions in resource waste and mining, especially the problems of bauxite under coal, overlying coal seam damage, mutual influence of coal-uranium and abandonment of oil shale have not been effectively solved.
Four sets of coordinated development methods for coal and co-aggregated minerals are proposed, including coordinated development of well-worker-well-drilling and mining, coordinated development of well-worker-drilling, and open-pit co-cultivation methods. Through coordinated exploration, classified mining methods, full-process monitoring and reasonable planning, the negative impact between mining activities is avoided and the resource yield rate is improved.
The yield rate of coal and co-aggregated mineral resources has been improved, resource waste and environmental pollution have been reduced, and the rational development and stable production of coal and co-aggregated minerals have been achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN115263303B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine exploitation, and particularly relates to a complete set of coordinated development methods for coal and associated minerals. Background Art
[0002] In China, the reserves of coal-bearing associated minerals are large and the types are rich. Their occurrence states and mining conditions are complex and changeable. Moreover, most of the mineral development methods are single development methods for a single mineral, mainly including underground mining (metal mines such as coal and bauxite), drill mining (uranium mines, oil and gas, etc.), and open-pit mining (coal, oil shale, etc.).
[0003] The proven reserves of bauxite in Shanxi and Henan provinces account for about 54% of the country's total. Among them, a large amount of bauxite resources occur under coal seams and coexist with coal resources. For the bauxite resources under coal, if blindly mined without scientific planning, the influence of rock strata activities will cause a large amount of damage to the overlying coal seams, making them unminable and resulting in a large waste of coal resources. With the gradual exhaustion of shallow bauxite resources, how to comprehensively develop and utilize the bauxite under coal has become a difficult problem that urgently needs to be solved by bauxite and coal production enterprises.
[0004] In the Ordos Basin, Yili Basin and other places, there is a symbiotic relationship of uranium under coal in terms of coal seams and uranium mines, and the coal and uranium mining affect each other. The mining of the lower coal seam causes the movement of the overlying rock strata, which will damage the basic hydrogeological conditions for the normal mining of the upper uranium mine. At the same time, the pollutants in the uranium mining area enter the lower coal mine stope along the mining-induced fissures, causing radioactive pollution. At present, there is less research in this regard and there is a lack of corresponding policy guidance, and the problem of how to reasonably develop and utilize the two mineral resources of coal and uranium has become more prominent.
[0005] Oil shale belongs to unconventional oil and gas resources and is listed as an important alternative energy in the 21st century. China's oil shale resources are relatively rich and rank fourth in the world. According to China's exploration and development situation, it is found that the oil shale symbiotic with coal seams accounts for a larger proportion than the oil shale deposits occurring alone, and most of them are deposits after the Mesozoic era, such as Huadian Basin in Jilin, Yilan Basin in Heilongjiang, Fushun Basin in Liaoning, etc. However, oil shale, as an associated mineral of coal, has not received enough attention and is even directly abandoned without any treatment, resulting in a large amount of resource waste. For example, the upper part of Fushun West Open-pit Mine is an oil shale layer with an average thickness of 145m, and the lower part is long-flame coal with a thickness of 20m - 210m. To mine the lower coal seam, about 22,000 tons of oil shale ore were discarded every day during coal mining, which not only wasted a large amount of resources but also caused serious environmental pollution.
[0006] It can be seen that the contradiction in the exploitation of coal and associated minerals in China is very prominent. At present, most enterprises only focus on one kind of mineral, and the mineral development method is single, resulting in a large amount of resource waste. Therefore, a coordinated development method applicable to minerals with different occurrence characteristics is urgently needed to solve the contradiction in the exploitation of coal and associated minerals, improve the resource recovery rate, and reduce the waste of mineral resources. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a complete set of coordinated development methods for coal and associated minerals, and propose four combined methods for the development of coal and associated minerals, which can greatly improve the resource recovery rate of coal and associated minerals.
[0008] To achieve the above object, a complete set of coordinated development methods for coal and associated minerals of the present invention includes the following steps:
[0009] S1 Conduct collaborative exploration on coal and coal-bearing associated mineral resources to determine the coal seam thickness, distribution range, occurrence occurrence characteristics, as well as the types, reserves, occurrence horizons, and distribution laws of coal-bearing associated minerals, providing a basis for subsequent mineral resource development;
[0010] S2 Divide the associated minerals into two categories according to different mining methods, solid minerals and fluid minerals; the solid minerals refer to minerals occurring in solid form, usually developed by solid ore deposit excavation methods or fluidized drilling and mining methods, and the fluid minerals refer to minerals occurring in fluid form, usually extracted by drilling methods;
[0011] S3 By analyzing the requirements of the mining methods of single mineral species for the occurrence characteristics and mining technologies of minerals, establish different complete sets of coordinated development methods for different occurrence combination types of coal-bearing associated minerals, including underground-underground coordinated development method, underground-drilling and mining coordinated development method, underground co-mining method, and open-pit co-mining method; S4 When using the underground-underground coordinated development method, both coal and associated solid minerals are developed by underground methods. The two production systems for coal mining and associated solid mineral mining are independent of each other. The overall mining plan for the two is coordinated and then mining is carried out. The mining progress of the two production systems is interconnected, and the whole process and the whole area are monitored to avoid negative impacts between mining activities;
[0012] S5 When using the underground-drilling and mining coordinated development method, coal is developed by underground methods, and associated minerals are developed by drilling and mining methods. The two production systems are independent. The overall mining plan for the two is coordinated and then mining is carried out. The mining progress of the two production systems is interconnected, and the whole process and the whole area are monitored to avoid negative impacts between mining activities;
[0013] When S6 adopts the underground co - mining method, both coal and associated solid minerals are developed underground, sharing the common part of the production systems for coal mining and associated solid mineral mining.
[0014] When S7 adopts the open - pit co - mining method, both coal and associated solid minerals are developed by open - pit mining. First, the mining boundaries of coal and associated minerals are delineated, and the main mining resources and mine production capacity are determined. According to the occurrence characteristics and mechanical properties of the minerals, the mining technology is determined, and a reasonable mining procedure and transportation system are designed to ensure the production stability of coal and associated minerals.
[0015] Furthermore, the underground - underground coordinated development method is applicable to the combination of coal and associated solid minerals with relatively deep occurrences, and the coal mining and the associated solid mineral mining belong to two different development entities respectively.
[0016] Furthermore, the underground - drilling and mining coordinated development method is applicable to the combination of coal and associated fluid minerals or fluidized - mined solid minerals. Considering that the strata movement caused by coal seam mining will lead to the deformation and damage of the drilling and mining shafts, affecting the normal production of drilling and mining and polluting groundwater and underground space, the coordinated development measures taken include: strengthening the shear resistance of the drilling and mining shafts.
[0017] Furthermore, the coordinated development measures taken also include: by adjusting the coal mining layout, reducing the scope and intensity of strata activities near the shafts.
[0018] Furthermore, the coordinated development measures taken also include: preferentially mining uranium ore in the superimposed area, while the coal mine avoids the uranium ore mining area and first mines other areas, and then mines the lower coal seams after the uranium ore mining is completed.
[0019] Furthermore, the underground co - mining method is applicable when the coal and associated solid minerals are of the same development entity. Two sets of transportation systems need to be designed separately for coal and associated minerals to facilitate surface separation.
[0020] Furthermore, the open - pit co - mining method is applicable to coal and associated solid minerals close to the surface and with shallow burial depths, where the stripping ratio of open - pit mining is less than the economically reasonable stripping ratio, and large - scale open - pit mining and transportation equipment are used.
[0021] Furthermore, in step S2, the fixed minerals include coal, bauxite, oil shale, uranium ore; the fluid minerals include petroleum, coalbed methane, shale gas, tight sandstone gas.
[0022] Furthermore, in step S5, the associated minerals are uranium ore, coalbed methane, natural gas.
[0023] Further, in step S6, the solid mineral is bauxite, and the common part includes building a common surface industrial square for coal mine and bauxite on the ground; two sets of independent transportation systems share one inclined shaft.
[0024] Further, in step S7, the fixed mineral is oil shale. During mining, first strip the overburden of the coal seam and oil shale. When stripping to the oil shale layer, divide the ore occurrence area into a coal seam mining area and an oil shale mining area. In the coal seam mining area, the overlying oil shale needs to be stripped and mined first, and transported by mining trucks. The oil shale in the oil shale mining area is mined normally at the same time.
[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Aiming at the disadvantages of the traditional single mineral mining that does not involve the coordination and cooperation between various mining methods and the characteristics of large differences in the occurrence state and mining methods of coal-bearing minerals, the underground-underground coordinated mining method, the underground-drilling coordinated mining method, the underground co-mining method and the open-pit co-mining development method are developed, providing technical generality for the above-mentioned mining methods to improve the recovery rate of associated minerals, greatly reducing resource waste during the mining process, and providing an effective development guidance for the coordinated mining of coal and associated minerals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is an example diagram of the underground-underground development method of coal and associated minerals of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 2 It is an example diagram of the underground-underground drilling and mining method of coal and associated minerals of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 3 It is an example diagram of the underground co-mining development method of coal and associated minerals of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 4 It is an example diagram of the open-pit co-mining development method of coal and associated minerals of the present invention;
[0030] In the figure, 1 - Coal seam I; 2 - Bauxite; 3 - Coal surface industrial square; 4 - Bauxite surface industrial square; 5 - Coal production system; 6 - Coal symbiotic bauxite production system; 7 - Coal seam II; 8 - Sandstone-type uranium ore; 9 - Coal surface industrial square; 10 - Coal production system; 11 - Uranium ore drilling and mining platform; 12 - Drilling and mining shaft; 13 - Coal seam III; 14 - Coal symbiotic bauxite; 15 - Coal-aluminum shared surface industrial square; 16 - Inclined shaft; 17 - Coal production system; 18 - Coal symbiotic bauxite production system; 19 - Oil shale; 20 - Coal seam IV; 21 - Mining truck; 22 - Transportation dispatching station; 23 - Overburden; 24 - Coal seam mining area; 25 - Oil shale mining area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0032] A complete set of coordinated development methods for coal and associated minerals of the present invention includes the following steps:
[0033] Step S1, conduct collaborative exploration on coal and coal-series associated mineral resources to determine the coal seam thickness, distribution range, occurrence characteristics, as well as the types, reserves, occurrence horizons, and distribution laws of coal-series associated minerals, providing a basis for subsequent mineral resource development. In this embodiment, there are 4 mining areas, namely Mining Area 1#, Mining Area 2#, Mining Area 3#, and Mining Area 4#. Each mining area has different types and occurrence characteristics of coal-series associated minerals, as shown by Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 respectively in the accompanying drawings.
[0034] First, through the collaborative exploration of coal and coal-series associated minerals, it can be known that Mining Area 1# mainly contains two minerals, coal and bauxite. The coal seam occurs in the Upper Taiyuan Formation of the Upper Carboniferous System, with a thickness of about 5m, a burial depth of 100 - 350m, and an inclination angle of 10° - 15°. The bauxite occurs in the Benxi Formation of the Middle Carboniferous System, about 30 - 50m below the coal seam, and the ore body has an inclination angle of about 8° - 13°, with good continuity. Mining Area 2# mainly contains two minerals, coal and sandstone-type uranium ore, occurring in the Middle Jurassic System, with a burial depth of 300 - 400m. The uranium ore body is about 20m below the coal seam, with a thickness of several meters to more than ten meters, and is locally intergrown with the coal seam in a staggered manner. Mining Area 3# mainly contains two minerals, coal and bauxite, with geological occurrence characteristics similar to those of Mining Area 1#. The bauxite is about 40m below the coal seam, and the ore body has a burial depth of 200 - 350m. Mining Area 4# mainly contains two minerals, coal and oil shale. The oil shale is the roof of the coal seam, with a thickness of about 120m, the coal seam has a thickness of about 20 - 200m, the ore layer has a small inclination angle, is a gently inclined ore body, and is located dozens of meters below the surface with a relatively shallow burial depth.
[0035] Step S2, divide the associated minerals into two major categories according to different mining methods, solid minerals and fluid minerals; the solid minerals refer to minerals occurring in a solid state, usually developed by solid deposit excavation methods or fluidized drilling and mining methods, and the fluid minerals refer to minerals occurring in a fluid state, usually extracted by drilling methods. Among them, the fixed minerals include coal, bauxite, oil shale, and uranium ore; the fluid minerals include petroleum, coalbed methane, shale gas, and tight sandstone gas.
[0036] Step S3: By analyzing the requirements of the mining methods of single minerals for the occurrence characteristics and mining technologies of minerals, different sets of coordinated development methods are established for different occurrence combination types of coal-related associated minerals, including underground-underground coordinated development method, underground-drilling mining coordinated development method, underground co-mining method, and open-pit co-mining method.
[0037] In step S4, when the underground-underground coordinated development method is adopted, both coal and associated solid minerals are mined by underground methods. The two production systems for coal mining and associated solid mineral mining are independent of each other. The overall mining plan for the two is carried out after coordination. The progress of the two production systems is interconnected, and the whole process and the whole area are monitored to avoid negative impacts between mining activities. The underground-underground coordinated development method is applicable to the combination of coal and associated solid minerals with relatively deep occurrences. The stripping ratio under the open-pit mining method far exceeds the economically reasonable stripping ratio, and it does not have technical and economic rationality. Moreover, coal mining and associated solid mineral mining belong to two different development entities respectively. As Figure 1 shown in the figure, it is determined that both coal seam I1 in the 1# mining area and bauxite 2 will be mined by underground methods. However, the coal mining right and the bauxite mining right belong to different enterprises respectively. Therefore, the underground-underground coordinated development method is selected. In the underground-underground coordinated development method, the coal seam mining system (coal mine surface industrial square 3, coal mine production system 5) and the bauxite mining system (bauxite industrial square 4, bauxite production system 6) are relatively independent. The spatial layout of the roadway systems has little interference with each other. However, for the superimposed area, the layout planning of the coal seam mining face and the bauxite stope needs to be coordinated with each other to avoid negative impacts of mining activities.
[0038] In step S5, when the underground-drilling mining coordinated development method is adopted, coal is mined by underground method, and associated minerals are mined by drilling method. The two production systems are independent. The overall mining plan for the two is carried out after coordination. The progress of the two production systems is interconnected, and the whole process and the whole area are monitored to avoid negative impacts between mining activities. The underground-drilling mining coordinated development method is applicable to the combination of coal and associated fluid minerals or solid minerals with fluidized mining. To reduce the negative impacts between mining activities, the following coordinated development measures are taken: strengthening the anti-shear capacity of the drilling shafts; by adjusting the coal mining layout, reducing the scope and intensity of the rock mass activities near the shafts. The associated mineral is uranium ore; the said coordinated development measures also include: preferentially mining the uranium ore in the superimposed area, and at the same time, the coal mine avoids the uranium ore mining area and first mines other areas, and then mines the lower coal seam after the uranium ore mining is completed. As Figure 2As shown in the figure, in the No. 2 mining area, the coal seam II7 and the sandstone-type uranium ore 8 adopt underground mining method and drilling and mining method respectively. The coal mining and uranium ore mining have mutual influences. Therefore, the underground-drilling and mining coordinated development method is selected. Determine the positions of the uranium ore drilling and mining platform 11 and the coal mine surface industrial square 9, and then develop the uranium ore drilling and mining shaft 12 and the coal mine production system 10. The two systems of coal and uranium ore are relatively independent, and the spatial layout of the roadway system has little mutual interference. However, since the drilling and mining shaft 12 passes through the coal seam 7, coordinated planning is required during the mining of the uranium ore 8 and the coal seam 7. To avoid the influence of the rock layer activities during the coal seam 7 mining on the stability of the shaft 12, the uranium ore 8 in the superimposed area is preferentially mined. At the same time, the coal mine avoids the uranium ore mining area and first mines other areas, and then mines the lower coal seam 7 after the uranium ore 8 is mined out.
[0039] Step S6, adopt the underground co-mining method. For coal and associated solid minerals with relatively deep occurrences, the stripping ratio under the open-pit mining method far exceeds the economically reasonable stripping ratio, and it does not have technical and economic rationality. At the same time, if the coal and the associated solid minerals are mined by the same enterprise, the underground co-mining coordinated development method can be selected. Both coal mining and associated solid minerals adopt the underground mining method, but the common part of the production systems for coal mining and associated solid minerals mining can be shared, and there is no need to repeat the construction of two completely independent production systems, which can greatly reduce the amount of engineering construction. However, the coordinated development method of underground co-mining puts forward higher requirements for mining enterprises, and it is necessary to coordinate the mining, transportation, safety management, etc. of the two minerals under the same production system. The mining method and development method are selected through comprehensive analysis of the actual geological conditions. The working face layout needs to consider the mutual influence between the mining of the two minerals. For coal and associated minerals, two separate transportation systems need to be designed and cannot be mixed for transportation to facilitate surface sorting. The coordination degree of the two transportation systems needs to be reasonably planned so that their transportation capacities correspond to their respective production capacities (especially the skip hoisting system of the vertical shaft). As Figure 3 shown in the figure, in the No. 3 mining area, it is determined that both the coal seam III13 and the bauxite 14 adopt the underground mining method, and the coal mining right and the bauxite mining right both belong to the same enterprise. The two can be unifiedly planned and managed. Therefore, the underground co-mining coordinated development method is selected. First, build a shared surface industrial square 15 for the coal mine and the bauxite. The ground area is divided into a coal mine treatment area and a bauxite treatment area. The development system connects the two mining levels of the coal mine and the bauxite. The bauxite and the coal mine can transport coal and bauxite to the ground respectively by arranging two belt conveyors in the shared inclined shaft 16, which greatly reduces the amount of roadway engineering development compared with the underground-underground method.
[0040] Step S7: Adopt the open-pit co-mining method. For coal and associated solid minerals close to the surface and with shallow burial depths, when the stripping ratio of open-pit mining is less than the economically reasonable stripping ratio, large-scale open-pit mining and transportation equipment can be used, which has high efficiency, low cost, high safety, and high ore recovery rate, and has the technical and economic rationality for mining. Since both coal mining and associated solid minerals are mined by open-pit mining, the open-pit co-mining coordinated development method can be selected. First, delineate the mining boundaries of coal and associated minerals, and determine the main mining resources and mine production capacity. Determine the mining process according to the occurrence characteristics and mechanical properties of the minerals, and design a reasonable mining procedure and transportation system to ensure the production stability of coal and associated minerals. As Figure 4 shown, in the 4# mining area, the IV20 coal seam and the oil shale 19 have shallow burial depths and are both mined by open-pit mining. For the convenience of management and to improve production efficiency, the open-pit co-mining coordinated development method is selected. First, strip the overburden 23 of the coal seam and the oil shale. When stripping to the oil shale layer 19, divide the mineral occurrence area into a coal seam mining area 24 and an oil shale mining area 25. In the coal seam mining area 24, the upper oil shale 19 needs to be stripped and mined first, and transported by a mining truck 21. At the same time, the oil shale 19 in the oil shale mining area 25 is mined normally, but with a lower priority than the coal seam mining area 24. When the transportation capacity is lacking, the mining and transportation of the oil shale in the coal seam mining area 24 should be ensured first. After the oil shale 19 in the coal seam mining area 24 is mined out, the lower IV20 coal seam is mined. The coal seam mining area and the oil shale mining area are carried out simultaneously, sharing the transportation line, and unifiedly coordinated and commanded by the transportation dispatching station 22.
[0041] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. All changes that can be made within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention are within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A complete set of coordinated development methods for coal and associated minerals, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1 Conduct collaborative exploration on coal and associated minerals in coal measures, determine the coal seam thickness, distribution range, occurrence characteristics, as well as the types, reserves, occurrence horizons, and distribution laws of associated minerals in coal measures, providing a basis for subsequent mineral resource development; S2 Classify the associated minerals into two major categories according to different mining methods, namely solid minerals and fluid minerals; the solid minerals refer to minerals occurring in solid form, usually developed by solid ore deposit excavation method or fluidized drilling and mining method, and the fluid minerals refer to minerals occurring in fluid form, usually extracted by drilling method; S3 By analyzing the requirements of the mining methods of single minerals for the occurrence characteristics and mining technologies of minerals, establish different complete sets of coordinated development methods for different occurrence combination types of associated minerals in coal measures, including underground-underground coordinated development method, underground-drilling and mining coordinated development method, underground co-mining method, and open-pit co-mining method; When adopting the underground-underground coordinated development method, both coal and associated solid minerals are developed by underground mining method. The two production systems of coal mining and associated solid mineral mining are independent of each other. The overall mining plan of the two is carried out after coordination, and the mining progress of the two production systems is interconnected, monitored throughout the process and the whole area to avoid negative impacts between mining activities; The underground-underground coordinated development method is applicable to the combination of coal and associated solid minerals with relatively deep occurrence, and coal mining and associated solid mineral mining belong to two different development entities respectively; When adopting the underground-drilling and mining coordinated development method, coal is developed by underground mining method, and associated minerals are developed by drilling and mining method. The two production systems are independent. The overall mining plan of the two is carried out after coordination, and the mining progress of the two production systems is interconnected, monitored throughout the process and the whole area to avoid negative impacts between mining activities; The underground-drilling and mining coordinated development method is applicable to the combination of coal and associated fluid minerals or solid minerals mined by fluidization. Considering that the strata movement caused by coal seam mining will lead to the deformation and damage of the drilling and mining shafts, affecting the normal production of drilling and mining and polluting groundwater and underground space, the coordinated development measures taken include: strengthening the shear resistance of the drilling and mining shafts; by adjusting the coal mining layout, reducing the range and intensity of strata activities near the shafts; preferentially mining uranium ore in the superimposed area, and at the same time, the coal mine avoids the uranium ore mining area and first mines other areas, and then mines the lower coal seam after the uranium ore mining is completed; When adopting the underground co-mining method, both coal and associated solid minerals are developed by underground mining method, and the coal mining and associated solid mineral mining share some production systems; The underground co-mining method is applicable to the situation where coal and associated solid minerals are of the same development entity. Two separate transportation systems need to be designed for coal and associated minerals for surface separation; When the open-pit co-mining method is adopted in S7, both coal and associated solid minerals are exploited in an open-pit manner. First, the mining boundaries of coal and associated minerals are delineated, and the main mining resources and mine production capacity are determined; according to the occurrence characteristics and mechanical properties of the minerals, the mining technology is determined, and a reasonable mining procedure and transportation system are designed to ensure the production stability of coal and associated minerals.
2. The coordinated development method for a complete set of coal and associated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The open-pit co-mining method is applicable to coal and associated solid minerals that are close to the surface and shallowly buried. The stripping ratio of open-pit mining is less than the economically reasonable stripping ratio, and large open-pit mining and transportation equipment are used.
3. A complete set of coordinated development methods for coal and associated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the solid minerals include coal, bauxite, oil shale, and uranium ore; the fluid minerals include petroleum, coalbed methane, shale gas, and tight sandstone gas.
4. A complete set of coordinated development methods for coal and associated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the associated minerals are uranium ore, coalbed methane, and natural gas.
5. A complete set of coordinated development methods for coal and associated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the solid mineral is bauxite. The shared part includes building a common surface industrial square for the coal mine and bauxite mine on the ground; two independent transportation systems share one inclined shaft.
6. The coordinated development method for a complete set of coal and associated minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S7, the solid mineral is oil shale. During mining, first strip the overburden of the coal seam and oil shale. When stripping to the oil shale layer, divide the mineral occurrence area into a coal seam mining area and an oil shale mining area; in the coal seam mining area, the upper oil shale needs to be stripped and mined first, and transported by mining trucks, while the oil shale in the oil shale mining area is mined normally at the same time.